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Crime Stats: compare key data on Egypt & Netherlands

Definitions

  • Age of criminal responsibility: The age at which a person is no longer excluded from criminal liability.  The lowest age is indicated for countries where there isn’t a single age limit, for example where different states have different regulations (such as the USA) or there is different limits for boy and girls (such as in Iran). The spectrum is specifically wide for the USA and Mexico (both 6-12 years). Several US states do not stipulate any minimal age for criminal responsibility at all. For further qualifications, exceptions and other notes, please refer to notes.
  • Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years: Crime increasing in the past 3 years. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "In the past three years would you say the level of crime in your community has increased, stayed about the same, or decreased?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Crime levels: Level of crime. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How serious you feel the level of crime is?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Drugs > Annual cannabis use: Estimate of percentage of 15-64 year old population who use Cannabis.
  • Fear of crime > Violent hate crime: Worries being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year): Year of last use.
  • Murder rate: Homicide rate per year per 100,000 inhabitants in various countries.
  • Rape rate: Number of rape incidents per 100,000 citizens in different countries. Figures do not take into account rape incidents that go unreported to the police.
  • Suicide rates > Suicide rate (both sexes): Suicides per 100’000 residents per year.
  • Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents: Number of privately owned small firearms per 100 residents.
  • Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate: Homicides per 100’000 residents. Homicide is the death of a person purposefully inflicted by another person (it excludes suicides) outside of a state of war. Homicide is a broader category than murder, as it also includes manslaughter. The exact legal definition varies across countries, some of which include infanticide, assisted suicide, euthanasia and deaths caused by dangerous driving.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Violent crime > Murders: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murders per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night: Safety walking alone during night. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the night?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Prisoners: Total persons incarcerated
  • Assaults: Number of assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Punishment > Maximum length of sentence: Maximum length of sentence (under life).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery: Problem violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day: Safety walking alone during daylight. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the daylight?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Prisoners > Per capita: Data for 2003. Number of prisoners held per 100,000 population.
  • Punishment > Crimes possibly attracting life sentence: Possible other sentence.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked: Worries attacked. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being physically attacked by strangers?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Suicide rates > Suicide rate (males): Male.
  • Software piracy rate: The piracy rate is the total number of units of pirated software deployed in 2007 divided by the total units of software installed.
  • Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft: Problem property crimes such as vandalism and theft. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) property crimes such as vandalism and theft?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Perceived problems > Illegal drugs: Problem people using or dealing drugs. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) people using or dealing drugs?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Suicide rates > Suicide rate (females: Female.
  • Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery: Problem corruption and bribery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) corruption and bribery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Punishment > Minimum life sentence to serve before eligibility for requesting parole: Minimum to serve before eligibility for requesting parole.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted: Worries being insulted. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being insulted or pestered by anybody, while in the street or any other public place?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed: Worries being mugged or robbed. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being mugged and robbed?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Illicit drugs: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Prisoners per 1000: Total persons incarcerated. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Punishment > Crimes requiring mandatory sentence: Mandatory sentence.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Judges: Number of professional judges per 100,000 population.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter: Worries home broken and things stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How worried are you about....having your home broken into and something stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Punishment > Life sentence under the age of 18 or 21: Under age of 18 (or 21).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Acquitted: Total acquitted in criminal courts. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Punishment > Has life imprisonment: Life imprisonment.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen: Worries things from car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having things stolen from your car?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Punishment > Has indefinite sentence: Indefinite sentence (excl. preventive or psychiatric detainment).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Prosecutors: Number of prosecutors per 100,000 population.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen: Worries car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having your car stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Acquitted per 1000: Total acquitted in criminal courts. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Prison staff: Number of correction staff in adult prisons per 100,000 population.
  • Jails: Total number of adult prisons, penal or correctional institutions (excluding temporary jail lock-ups). Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Jails per million: Total number of adult prisons, penal or correctional institutions (excluding temporary jail lock-ups). Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Unpaid diplomatic parking fines: Average Unpaid Annual New York City Parking Violations per Diplomat, 11/1997 to 11/2002.
  • Prosecutions > Murders: Number of prosecutions for intentional homicides in the given year. Prosecutions are cases that made it to court, regardless of the verdict.
  • Prosecutions > Adults per 1000: Number of people prosecuted. Prosecutions are cases that made it to court, regardless of the verdict. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Prosecutions > Adults: Number of people prosecuted. Prosecutions are cases that made it to court, regardless of the verdict.
  • Prosecutions > Murders per million: Number of prosecutions for intentional homicides in the given year. Prosecutions are cases that made it to court, regardless of the verdict. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Unpaid diplomatic parking fines per million: Average Unpaid Annual New York City Parking Violations per Diplomat, 11/1997 to 11/2002. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Prosecutions > Juveniles: Number of juveniles who were prosecuted in the given year. Prosecutions are cases that made it to court, regardless of the verdict.
  • Prosecutions > Juveniles per million: Number of juveniles who were prosecuted in the given year. Prosecutions are cases that made it to court, regardless of the verdict. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
STAT Egypt Netherlands HISTORY
Age of criminal responsibility 15
Ranked 10th. 25% more than Netherlands
12
Ranked 34th.
Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years 90.91
Ranked 2nd. 47% more than Netherlands
61.76
Ranked 54th.
Crime levels 55
Ranked 32nd. 50% more than Netherlands
36.59
Ranked 58th.
Drugs > Annual cannabis use 6.2%
Ranked 9th. 15% more than Netherlands
5.4%
Ranked 6th.
Fear of crime > Violent hate crime 35.19
Ranked 25th. 23% more than Netherlands
28.57
Ranked 45th.
Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year) 2,011
Ranked 7th. 3% more than Netherlands
1,952
Ranked 20th.

Murder rate 0.8 0.93
Rape rate 0.1
Ranked 51st.
9.2
Ranked 25th. 92 times more than Egypt

Suicide rates > Suicide rate (both sexes) 0.1
Ranked 16th.
8.8
Ranked 8th. 88 times more than Egypt
Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents 3.5
Ranked 110th.
3.9
Ranked 107th. 11% more than Egypt
Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate 1.24
Ranked 71st. 43% more than Netherlands
0.87
Ranked 14th.

Violent crime > Murder rate 992
Ranked 26th. 6 times more than Netherlands
179
Ranked 63th.

Violent crime > Murder rate per million people 12.92
Ranked 89th. 19% more than Netherlands
10.83
Ranked 97th.

Violent crime > Murders 992
Ranked 26th. 6 times more than Netherlands
179
Ranked 63th.

Violent crime > Murders per million people 12.92
Ranked 89th. 19% more than Netherlands
10.83
Ranked 97th.

Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night 54.46
Ranked 43th.
61.9
Ranked 30th. 14% more than Egypt
Prisoners 61,845 prisoners
Ranked 21st. 4 times more than Netherlands
16,930 prisoners
Ranked 55th.
Assaults 0.3
Ranked 16th.
351.8
Ranked 14th. 1173 times more than Egypt
Punishment > Maximum length of sentence None None
Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery 46.36
Ranked 32nd. 48% more than Netherlands
31.33
Ranked 60th.
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day 75
Ranked 58th.
82.06
Ranked 39th. 9% more than Egypt

United States extradition treaties > Entered into force April 22, 1875 September 15, 1983
Prisoners > Per capita 0.0
Ranked 156th.
112 per 100,000 people
Ranked 76th.
Punishment > Crimes possibly attracting life sentence Drug offenses Attack on monarch, violence to parliament, several facts constituting an offence resulting in death of (a) person(s) (not manslaughter), manslaughter in combination with other facts, facts with intent to terrorism, treason
Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked 47.27
Ranked 32nd. 35% more than Netherlands
35.06
Ranked 59th.
Suicide rates > Suicide rate (males) 0.1
Ranked 14th.
12
Ranked 6th. 120 times more than Egypt
Software piracy rate 60%
Ranked 55th. 2 times more than Netherlands
28%
Ranked 94th.
Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft 45.75
Ranked 62nd.
46.13
Ranked 61st. 1% more than Egypt
Perceived problems > Illegal drugs 50
Ranked 37th. 10% more than Netherlands
45.54
Ranked 48th.
Suicide rates > Suicide rate (females 0.0
Ranked 14th.
5
Ranked 3rd.
Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery 82.65
Ranked 26th. 3 times more than Netherlands
24.01
Ranked 87th.
Punishment > Minimum life sentence to serve before eligibility for requesting parole Never Never
Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted 54.25
Ranked 18th. 38% more than Netherlands
39.33
Ranked 45th.
Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed 58.64
Ranked 28th. 75% more than Netherlands
33.54
Ranked 66th.
Illicit drugs transit point for cannabis, heroin, and opium moving to Europe, Israel, and North Africa; transit stop for Nigerian drug couriers; concern as money laundering site due to lax enforcement of financial regulations major European producer of synthetic drugs, including ecstasy, and cannabis cultivator; important gateway for cocaine, heroin, and hashish entering Europe; major source of US-bound ecstasy; large financial sector vulnerable to money laundering; significant consumer of ecstasy
Prisoners per 1000 0.905 prisoners
Ranked 97th.
1.05 prisoners
Ranked 88th. 16% more than Egypt
Background Like any country, Egypt has its fair share of crime, and boasts the 9th largest <a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_pri-crime-prisoners">prisoner population</a>&nbsp;with just under 62,000 people incarcerated. It still enacts the death penalty, though only in a limited way with 48 <a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_exe-crime-executions">executions</a>&nbsp;having taken place in 2007, the 5th highest number for the year though somewhat far behind China&#39;s 470 executions. &nbsp;However, it is the prominence of <a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_cor_of_man_sur_ran_thi_as_a_maj_bus_con-surveyed-ranking-major-business-constraint">corruption</a>&nbsp;that is of major worry to most, with 50.26% of business managers claiming it was a major business constraint - the 11th highest rate globally. According to 2002 figures, over 25% of Dutch citizens have been <a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_tot_cri_vic-crime-total-victims">victims of crime</a>, making it the 4th country, behind Australia, New Zealand and UK, in the crime victims table. However, this reflects a willingness to report crime rather than a greater risk, as the <a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_per_of_saf_wal_in_dar-crime-perception-safety-walking-dark">perception of safety</a> in The Netherlands is 4th highest in the world, at 81%.
Punishment > Crimes requiring mandatory sentence Murder, rape, kidnapping, terrorism None
Judges 9.8%
Ranked 26th.
12.6%
Ranked 18th. 29% more than Egypt
Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter 35.71
Ranked 65th.
40.77
Ranked 56th. 14% more than Egypt
Punishment > Life sentence under the age of 18 or 21 Yes under 12 : never prosecution 12\u201315 : max. 12 months imprisonment 16\u201317 : max. 24 months imprisonment
Acquitted 174,230
Ranked 4th. 40 times more than Netherlands
4,361
Ranked 23th.
Punishment > Has life imprisonment Yes Yes
Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen 66.35
Ranked 19th. 54% more than Netherlands
42.99
Ranked 68th.
Punishment > Has indefinite sentence No Yes ( de facto )
Prosecutors 25.4%
Ranked 3rd. 6 times more than Netherlands
4.1%
Ranked 33th.

Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen 63.21
Ranked 14th. 3 times more than Netherlands
25
Ranked 75th.
Acquitted per 1000 2.55
Ranked 4th. 9 times more than Netherlands
0.27
Ranked 27th.
Prison staff 13.2%
Ranked 13th.
85.7%
Ranked 13th. 6 times more than Egypt

Jails 43
Ranked 38th.
70
Ranked 30th. 63% more than Egypt
Jails per million 0.63
Ranked 77th.
4.33
Ranked 36th. 7 times more than Egypt
Unpaid diplomatic parking fines 139.6
Ranked 2nd.
0.0
Ranked 141st.
Prosecutions > Murders 428%
Ranked 22nd. 2 times more than Netherlands
180%
Ranked 36th.
Prosecutions > Adults per 1000 8.22e-05
Ranked 60th.
1.25
Ranked 34th. 15257 times more than Egypt
Prosecutions > Adults 6
Ranked 55th.
20,501
Ranked 23th. 3417 times more than Egypt
Prosecutions > Murders per million 5.86%
Ranked 50th.
11.01%
Ranked 41st. 88% more than Egypt
United States extradition treaties > Date signed August 11, 1874 June 24, 1980
Unpaid diplomatic parking fines per million 2.04
Ranked 42nd.
0.0
Ranked 139th.
Prosecutions > Juveniles 6
Ranked 53th.
36,516
Ranked 5th. 6086 times more than Egypt
Prosecutions > Juveniles per million 0.0822
Ranked 58th.
2,233.93
Ranked 2nd. 27176 times more than Egypt

SOURCES: Wikipedia: Defense of infancy (Ages of criminal responsibility by country); crime; https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/WDR2011/World_Drug_Report_2011_ebook.pdf, World Drug Report 2011, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), 2011, p. 217.; Wikipedia: Capital punishment in Europe (Abolition); UN Crime Stats; Wikipedia: List of countries by suicide rate (Suicide rates per 100,000 by country, year and sex (Table) ); Annexe I of the Small Arms Survey 2007 ; Wikipedia: List of countries by intentional homicide rate by decade; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention); European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011; Wikipedia: Life imprisonment (Summary by country); Wikipedia: List of United States extradition treaties; International Centre for Prison Studies - World Prison Brief; Fifth Annual BSA and IDC Global Software Piracy Study; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention); The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Cultures of Corruption: Evidence from Diplomatic Parking Tickets Ray Fisman Edward Miguel Columbia University and NBER University of California, Berkeley and NBER 2006; European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Cultures of Corruption: Evidence from Diplomatic Parking Tickets Ray Fisman Edward Miguel Columbia University and NBER University of California, Berkeley and NBER 2006. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.

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