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Energy Stats: compare key data on Italy & Portugal

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Definitions

  • Commercial energy use: Commercial energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita). Commercial energy use refers to apparent consumption, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.
  • Crude oil > Production: This entry is the total amount of crude oil produced, in barrels per day (bbl/day).
  • Electric power consumption > KWh: Electric power consumption (kWh). Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.
  • Electric power consumption > KWh per capita: Electric power consumption (kWh per capita). Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.
  • Electricity > Consumption: Total electricity consumed annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution.
  • Electricity > Consumption > Per capita: Total electricity consumed annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Electricity > Consumption per capita: Total electricity consumed annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Electricity > Installed generating capacity per thousand people: This entry is the total capacity of currently installed generators, expressed in kilowatts (kW), to produce electricity. A 10-kilowatt (kW) generator will produce 10 kilowatt hours (kWh) of electricity, if it runs continuously for one hour. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Electricity > Production: The annual electricity generated expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution.
  • Electricity production > KWh: Electricity production (kWh). Electricity production is measured at the terminals of all alternator sets in a station. In addition to hydropower, coal, oil, gas, and nuclear power generation, it covers generation by geothermal, solar, wind, and tide and wave energy, as well as that from combustible renewables and waste. Production includes the output of electricity plants that are designed to produce electricity only as well as that of combined heat and power plants.
  • Energy use > Kg of oil equivalent per capita: Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita). Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.
  • Gasoline > Pump price for gasoline > US$ per liter: Pump price for gasoline (US$ per liter). Fuel prices refer to the pump prices of the most widely sold grade of gasoline. Prices have been converted from the local currency to U.S. dollars.
  • Oil > Consumption: This entry is the total oil consumed in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors.
  • Oil > Consumption > Per capita: This entry is the total oil consumed in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Oil > Production > Per capita: This entry is the total oil produced in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Electricity production from renewable sources > KWh: Electricity production from renewable sources (kWh). Electricity production from renewable sources includes hydropower, geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.
  • Electricity > Production > Per capita: The annual electricity generated expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Adjusted savings: energy depletion > Current US$: Adjusted savings: energy depletion (current US$). Energy depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of energy resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers coal, crude oil, and natural gas.
  • Electricity production from hydroelectric sources > KWh per capita: Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (kWh). Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Oil > Production: This entry is the total oil produced in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors.
  • Electricity production from coal sources > KWh: Electricity production from coal sources (kWh). Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Coal refers to all coal and brown coal, both primary (including hard coal and lignite-brown coal) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coke oven gas, and blast furnace gas). Peat is also included in this category.
  • Electricity production from hydroelectric sources > KWh: Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (kWh). Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants.
  • Coal > Consumption per capita: Billion short tons of coal consumed per country per year. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Electricity production > KWh per capita: Electricity production (kWh). Electricity production is measured at the terminals of all alternator sets in a station. In addition to hydropower, coal, oil, gas, and nuclear power generation, it covers generation by geothermal, solar, wind, and tide and wave energy, as well as that from combustible renewables and waste. Production includes the output of electricity plants that are designed to produce electricity only as well as that of combined heat and power plants. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Electricity > Installed generating capacity: This entry is the total capacity of currently installed generators, expressed in kilowatts (kW), to produce electricity. A 10-kilowatt (kW) generator will produce 10 kilowatt hours (kWh) of electricity, if it runs continuously for one hour.
  • Electricity production from nuclear sources > KWh: Electricity production from nuclear sources (kWh). Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Nuclear power refers to electricity produced by nuclear power plants.
  • Electricity production from oil sources > KWh: Electricity production from oil sources (kWh). Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products.
  • Electricity production from renewable sources > KWh per capita: Electricity production from renewable sources (kWh). Electricity production from renewable sources includes hydropower, geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric > KWh: Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh). Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.
  • Coal > Consumption: Billion short tons of coal consumed per country per year.
  • Natural gas > Consumption per capita: This entry is the total natural gas consumed in cubic meters (cu m). The discrepancy between the amount of natural gas produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Gasoline prices: Ratio of premium gasoline price to world average
    Units: Ratio of Gasoline Price to World Average
    Units: Pump price for super gasoline (US$ per liter): Fuel prices refer to the pump prices of the most widely sold grade of gasoline. Prices have been converted from the local currency to U.S. dollars, and the ratio of the gas price to the world average in the same time period was used in order to normalize the data. For more information, see World Development Indicators, Table 3.12.
  • Natural gas > Consumption: This entry is the total natural gas consumed in cubic meters (cu m). The discrepancy between the amount of natural gas produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes and other complicating factors.
  • Gasoline > Road sector gasoline fuel consumption per capita > Kg of oil equivalent: Road sector gasoline fuel consumption per capita (kg of oil equivalent). Gasoline is light hydrocarbon oil use in internal combustion engine such as motor vehicles, excluding aircraft.
  • Oil > Consumption per 1000: This entry is the total oil consumed in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Electric power > Consumption > KWh: Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.
  • Hydroelectricity > Consumption: Figures for year 2003 in billion kilowatthours
  • Electricity production from natural gas sources > KWh: Electricity production from natural gas sources (kWh). Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Gas refers to natural gas but excludes natural gas liquids.
  • Energy use > Kg of oil equivalent per $1,000 GDP > Constant 2005 PPP: Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (constant 2005 PPP). Energy use per PPP GDP is the kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use per constant PPP GDP. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2005 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
  • Electric power > Consumption > KWh per capita: Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Geothermal power use: Annual utilization of geothermal power from direct-use sources in GWh/yr as of 2000.
  • Oil > Exports: This entry is the total oil exported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products.
  • Adjusted savings: energy depletion > Current US$ per capita: Adjusted savings: energy depletion (current US$). Energy depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of energy resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers coal, crude oil, and natural gas. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Production > Kilotons of oil equivalent: Energy production refers to forms of primary energy--petroleum (crude oil, natural gas liquids, and oil from nonconventional sources), natural gas, solid fuels (coal, lignite, and other derived fuels), and combustible renewables and waste--and primary electricity, all converted into oil equivalents."
  • Oil > Production per 1000: This entry is the total oil produced in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Natural gas > Proved reserves: This entry is the stock of proved reserves of natural gas in cubic meters (cu m). Proved reserves are those quantities of natural gas, which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions.
  • Electricity > From other renewable sources: This entry measures the capacity of plants that generate electricity by using renewable energy sources other than hydroelectric (including, for example, wind, waves, solar, and geothermal), expressed as a share of the country's total generating capacity.
  • Wind power > Installed windpower capacity > Megawatts: Installed wind power capacity around the world.
  • Oil > Consumption > Million tonnes > Per capita: Oil: Consumption, Million tonnes, as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05 Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Refined petroleum products > Consumption: This entry is the country's total consumption of refined petroleum products, in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of refined petroleum products produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors.
  • Electricity > Production per capita: The annual electricity generated expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Gasoline > Road sector gasoline fuel consumption > Kt of oil equivalent: Road sector gasoline fuel consumption (kt of oil equivalent). Gasoline is light hydrocarbon oil use in internal combustion engine such as motor vehicles, excluding aircraft.
  • Hydroelectric power > Production > KWh: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants.
  • Wind power > Wind power generated > Terawatt hours: Total electricity generated from wind.
  • Electricity production from coal sources > KWh per capita: Electricity production from coal sources (kWh). Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Coal refers to all coal and brown coal, both primary (including hard coal and lignite-brown coal) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coke oven gas, and blast furnace gas). Peat is also included in this category. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric > KWh per capita: Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh). Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Crude oil > Imports per thousand people: This entry is the total amount of crude oil imported, in barrels per day (bbl/day). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Oil > Proved > Reserves per capita: This entry is the stock of proved reserves of crude oil in barrels (bbl). Proved reserves are those quantities of petroleum which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Primary Consumption > Million tonnes oil equivalent: Primary Energy: Consumption, Million tonnes oil equivalent, as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05
  • Refined petroleum products > Consumption per thousand people: This entry is the country's total consumption of refined petroleum products, in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of refined petroleum products produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Electricity > Production > KWh: Electricity production is measured at the terminals of all alternator sets in a station. In addition to hydropower, coal, oil, gas, and nuclear power generation, it covers generation by geothermal, solar, wind, and tide and wave energy, as well as that from combustible renewables and waste. Production includes the output of electricity plants that are designed to produce electricity only as well as that of combined heat and power plants."
  • Oil > Imports: This entry is the total oil imported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products.
  • Electricity production from natural gas sources > KWh per capita: Electricity production from natural gas sources (kWh). Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Gas refers to natural gas but excludes natural gas liquids. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy: This entry is the total amount of carbon dioxide, measured in metric tons, released by burning fossil fuels in the process of producing and consuming energy.
  • Energy use > Equivalent in kilograms of oil per capita: Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport."
  • Crude oil > Production per thousand people: This entry is the total amount of crude oil produced, in barrels per day (bbl/day). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Electric power transmission and distribution losses > KWh: Electric power transmission and distribution losses (kWh). Electric power transmission and distribution losses include losses in transmission between sources of supply and points of distribution and in the distribution to consumers, including pilferage.
  • Electricity production from oil sources > KWh per capita: Electricity production from oil sources (kWh). Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Electricity production from nuclear sources > KWh per capita: Electricity production from nuclear sources (kWh). Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Nuclear power refers to electricity produced by nuclear power plants. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Nuclear waste generated: Nuclear waste generated
    Units: Standardized Scale (z-score)
    Units: Two variables were initially available for Radioactive Waste: Accumulated Quantity (cubic meters) as generated and Accumulated Quantity (cubic meters) after treatment. We calculated the z-scores for the two variables, in order to make them comparable, and took whichever variable was available for each country. For the three countries (Australia, Canada and Czech Republic) which had both variables, we took the higher.
  • Energy production > Kt of oil equivalent per 1000: Energy production (kt of oil equivalent). Energy production refers to forms of primary energy--petroleum (crude oil, natural gas liquids, and oil from nonconventional sources), natural gas, solid fuels (coal, lignite, and other derived fuels), and combustible renewables and waste--and primary electricity, all converted into oil equivalents. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Electricity > Production by source > Nuclear: The percentage share of electricity generated from each energy source. These are fossil fuel, hydro, nuclear, and other (solar, geothermal, and wind).
  • Electric power transmission and distribution losses > KWh per capita: Electric power transmission and distribution losses (kWh). Electric power transmission and distribution losses include losses in transmission between sources of supply and points of distribution and in the distribution to consumers, including pilferage. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Electric power > Consumption > KWh > Per capita: Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy per capita: This entry is the total amount of carbon dioxide, measured in metric tons, released by burning fossil fuels in the process of producing and consuming energy. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • CO2 intensity > Kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use: CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
  • Wind power > Wind power generated > Terawatt hours per million: Total electricity generated from wind. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Crude oil > Exports: This entry is the total amount of crude oil exported, in barrels per day (bbl/day).
  • Electricity > From nuclear fuels: This entry measures the capacity of plants that generate electricity through radioactive decay of nuclear fuel, expressed as a share of the country's total generating capacity.
  • Natural gas > Imports: This entry is the total natural gas imported in cubic meters (cu m).
  • Oil > Consumption > Million tonnes: Oil: Consumption, Million tonnes, as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05
  • Electricity > Production > KWh > Per capita: Electricity production is measured at the terminals of all alternator sets in a station. In addition to hydropower, coal, oil, gas, and nuclear power generation, it covers generation by geothermal, solar, wind, and tide and wave energy, as well as that from combustible renewables and waste. Production includes the output of electricity plants that are designed to produce electricity only as well as that of combined heat and power plants." Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Geothermal power use per million: Annual utilization of geothermal power from direct-use sources in GWh/yr as of 2000. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Hydroelectricity > Consumption per million: Figures for year 2003 in billion kilowatthours. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Hydroelectricity > Consumption > Per capita: Figures for year 2003 in billion kilowatthours Per capita figures expressed per 10 million population.
  • Power > Consumption > KWh per capita: Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants."
  • Power > Consumption > KWh: Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants."
  • Crude oil > Imports: This entry is the total amount of crude oil imported, in barrels per day (bbl/day).
  • Electricity > From fossil fuels: This entry measures the capacity of plants that generate electricity by burning fossil fuels (such as coal, petroleum products, and natural gas), expressed as a share of the country's total generating capacity.
  • GDP per unit of energy use > PPP $ per kg of oil equivalent: GDP per unit of energy use is the PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to current international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
  • GDP created per unit of energy use: GDP per unit of energy use is the PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2005 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
  • Oil > Exports per 1000: This entry is the total oil exported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Oil > Proved > Reserves: This entry is the stock of proved reserves of crude oil in barrels (bbl). Proved reserves are those quantities of petroleum which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions.
  • Oil > Consumption > Thousand barrels daily: Oil: Consumption, Thousand barrels daily, as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05
  • Road sector diesel fuel consumption > Kt of oil equivalent per million: Road sector diesel fuel consumption (kt of oil equivalent). Diesel is heavy oils used as a fuel for internal combustion in diesel engines. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Electricity > Production by source > Fossil fuel: The percentage share of electricity generated from each energy source. These are fossil fuel, hydro, nuclear, and other (solar, geothermal, and wind).
  • Traditional fuel > Consumption: Traditional fuel consumption as a % of total energy use.
  • Refined petroleum products > Imports: This entry is the country's total imports of refined petroleum products, in barrels per day (bbl/day).
  • Geothermal power use > Per capita: Annual utilization of geothermal power from direct-use sources in GWh/yr as of 2000. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Energy use per $1000 GDP: Energy use (kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (Constant 2005 PPP $).
  • Nuclear power > Production > KWh: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Nuclear power refers to electricity produced by nuclear power plants.
  • Refined petroleum products > Production per thousand people: This entry is the country's total output of refined petroleum products, in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of refined petroleum products produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Production and prices > Oil prices > Crude oil import prices: Crude oil import prices come from the Crude Oil Import Register. Information is collected according to type of crude and average prices are obtained by dividing value by volume as recorded by customs administrations for each tariff position. Values are recorded at the time of import and include cost, insurance and freight (c.i.f.) but exclude import duties.

    The nominal crude oil spot price from 1985 to 2007 is for Dubai and from 1970 to 1984 for Arabian Light. The real price was calculated using the deflator for GDP at market prices and was rebased with base year 1970 = 100.
  • Crude oil > Exports per thousand people: This entry is the total amount of crude oil exported, in barrels per day (bbl/day). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Natural gas > Consumption > Per capita: This entry is the total natural gas consumed in cubic meters (cu m). The discrepancy between the amount of natural gas produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes and other complicating factors. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Electricity > Production from hydroelectric sources > Kwh per capita: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Electricity > Production from hydroelectric sources > Kwh: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants.
  • Oil > Imports per 1000: This entry is the total oil imported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Wind power > Installed windpower capacity > Megawatts per million: Installed wind power capacity around the world. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Imports > Kt of oil equivalent > Per capita: Energy imports are estimated as energy use less production, both measured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Imports > Kt of oil equivalent: Energy imports are estimated as energy use less production, both measured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter.
  • Electric power transmission and distribution losses > Million kWh > Per capita: Electric power transmission and distribution losses include losses in transmission between sources of supply and points of distribution and in the distribution to consumers, including pilferage. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Production > Kt of oil equivalent: Energy production refers to forms of primary energy--petroleum (crude oil, natural gas liquids, and oil from nonconventional sources), natural gas, solid fuels (coal, lignite, and other derived fuels), and combustible renewables and waste--and primary electricity, all converted into oil equivalents.
  • Primary Consumption > Million tonnes oil equivalent per million: Primary Energy: Consumption, Million tonnes oil equivalent, as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Wind energy installation: Worldwide wind energy installation figures per country as at 31 December 2004
  • Geothermal electricity > Utility-grade plants > Installed geothermal electric capacity > Megawatts: Total installed capacity of geothermal energy around the world. Figures are in megawatts.
  • Oil > Consumption > Million tonnes per million: Oil: Consumption, Million tonnes, as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Energy supply > Renewable energy > Contribution of renewables to energy supply: The table refers to the contribution of renewables to total primary energy supply (TPES) in OECD countries. Renewables include the primary energy equivalent of hydro (excluding pumped storage), geothermal, solar, wind, tide and wave. It also includes solid biomass, biogasoline, biodiesel, other liquid biofuels, biogas, industrial waste and municipal waste. Biomass is defined as any plant matter used directly as fuel or converted into fuels (e.g. charcoal) or electricity and/or heat. Included here are wood, vegetal waste (including wood waste and crops used for energy production), ethanol, animal materials/wastes and sulphite lyes. Municipal waste comprises wastes produced by the residential, commercial and public service sectors that are collected by local authorities for disposal in a central location for the production of heat and/or power. The forecasts provided in the table refer to the Reference Scenario of the World Energy Outlook.
  • Hydroelectricity > Consumption > Million tonnes oil equivalent: Hydroelectricity: Consumption, Million tonnes oil equivalent, as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05
  • Hydroelectricity > Consumption > Terawatt-hours > Share of total: Hydroelectricity: Consumption, Terawatt-hours, share of total (%), as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05%
  • Electricity Generation > Terawatt-hours: Electricity Generation, Terawatt-hours, as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05
  • Wind energy installation per million: Worldwide wind energy installation figures per country as at 31 December 2004. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Primary Consumption > Million tonnes oil equivalent > Per $ GDP: Primary Energy: Consumption, Million tonnes oil equivalent, as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05 Per $ GDP figures expressed per $1 of Gross Domestic Product.
  • Coal > Consumption > Million tonnes oil equivalent > Share of total: Coal: consumption, Million tonnes oil equivalent, share of total (%), as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05%
  • Oil > Consumption > Thousand barrels daily > Share of total: Oil: Consumption, Thousand barrels daily, share of total (%), as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05%
  • Electricity > Production by source > Hydro: The percentage share of electricity generated from each energy source. These are fossil fuel, hydro, nuclear, and other (solar, geothermal, and wind).
  • Electricity > Production from natural gas sources > Kwh > Per capita: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Gas refers to natural gas but excludes natural gas liquids. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Electricity > Production from coal sources > % of total: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Coal refers to all coal and brown coal, both primary (including hard coal and lignite-brown coal) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coke oven gas, and blast furnace gas). Peat is also included in this category.
  • Electricity > Production from hydroelectric sources > Kwh > Per capita: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Electricity > Production from oil sources > Kwh > Per capita: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Electricity > Production from oil sources > % of total: Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products.
  • Coal > Consumption > Million tonnes oil equivalent: Coal: consumption, Million tonnes oil equivalent, as of end of 2004

    Notes: Others have less than 0.05
  • Electricity production from hydroelectric sources > % of total: Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total). Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants.
  • Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > % of GNI: Energy depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of energy extracted. It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal.
STAT Italy Portugal HISTORY
Commercial energy use 2,973.95
Ranked 38th. 21% more than Portugal
2,459.29
Ranked 44th.
Crude oil > Production 154,500 bbl/day
Ranked 43th. 29 times more than Portugal
5,250 bbl/day
Ranked 98th.

Electric power consumption > KWh 327.46 billion
Ranked 13th. 6 times more than Portugal
51.19 billion
Ranked 47th.

Electric power consumption > KWh per capita 5,392.72
Ranked 39th. 11% more than Portugal
4,848.54
Ranked 44th.

Electricity > Consumption 313.8 billion kWh
Ranked 4th. 6 times more than Portugal
50.26 billion kWh
Ranked 27th.

Electricity > Consumption > Per capita 5,417.24 kWh per capita
Ranked 34th. 18% more than Portugal
4,583.36 kWh per capita
Ranked 38th.

Electricity > Consumption per capita 5,305.24 kWh
Ranked 30th. 15% more than Portugal
4,598.27 kWh
Ranked 34th.

Electricity > Installed generating capacity per thousand people 2,014.04 kW
Ranked 3rd. 13% more than Portugal
1,778.64 kW
Ranked 36th.

Electricity > Production 283.5 billion kWh
Ranked 11th. 6 times more than Portugal
49.92 billion kWh
Ranked 41st.

Electricity production > KWh 294.37 billion
Ranked 9th. 6 times more than Portugal
45.54 billion
Ranked 25th.

Energy use > Kg of oil equivalent per capita 2,603.76
Ranked 28th. 25% more than Portugal
2,085.04
Ranked 32nd.

Gasoline > Pump price for gasoline > US$ per liter $2.28
Ranked 6th. 6% more than Portugal
$2.15
Ranked 10th.

Oil > Consumption 1.54 million bbl/day
Ranked 14th. 6 times more than Portugal
272,200 bbl/day
Ranked 43th.

Oil > Consumption > Per capita 29.27 bbl/day per 1,000 peopl
Ranked 27th. 3% more than Portugal
28.28 bbl/day per 1,000 peopl
Ranked 30th.

Oil > Production > Per capita 2.87 bbl/day per 1,000 peopl
Ranked 66th. 5 times more than Portugal
0.59 bbl/day per 1,000 peopl
Ranked 87th.

Electricity production from renewable sources > KWh 89.73 billion
Ranked 7th. 5 times more than Portugal
19.33 billion
Ranked 19th.

Electricity > Production > Per capita 5,023.41 kWh per capita
Ranked 49th. 19% more than Portugal
4,212.22 kWh per capita
Ranked 54th.

Adjusted savings: energy depletion > Current US$ $2.83 billion
Ranked 53th.
0.0
Ranked 194th.

Electricity production from hydroelectric sources > KWh per capita 687.6
Ranked 15th. 30% more than Portugal
529.42
Ranked 18th.

Oil > Production 146,500 bbl/day
Ranked 43th. 31 times more than Portugal
4,721 bbl/day
Ranked 86th.

Electricity production from coal sources > KWh 47.12 billion
Ranked 11th. 4 times more than Portugal
13.14 billion
Ranked 19th.

Electricity production from hydroelectric sources > KWh 41.89 billion
Ranked 8th. 8 times more than Portugal
5.57 billion
Ranked 19th.

Coal > Consumption per capita 0.393
Ranked 5th.
0.652
Ranked 11th. 66% more than Italy
Electricity production > KWh per capita 4,832.17
Ranked 28th. 12% more than Portugal
4,325.76
Ranked 29th.

Electricity > Installed generating capacity 122.3 million kW
Ranked 2nd. 6 times more than Portugal
18.92 million kW
Ranked 27th.

Electricity production from nuclear sources > KWh 0.0
Ranked 27th.
0.0
Ranked 34th.

Electricity production from oil sources > KWh 18.69 billion
Ranked 5th. 8 times more than Portugal
2.4 billion
Ranked 15th.

Electricity production from renewable sources > KWh per capita 1,472.96
Ranked 15th.
1,836.57
Ranked 12th. 25% more than Italy

Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric > KWh 47.84 billion
Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Portugal
13.76 billion
Ranked 12th.

Coal > Consumption 22.4 million
Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Portugal
6.67 million
Ranked 15th.
Natural gas > Consumption per capita 1,297.83 cu m
Ranked 13th. 3 times more than Portugal
455.77 cu m
Ranked 40th.

Gasoline prices 1.59
Ranked 14th. 26% more than Portugal
1.26
Ranked 34th.
Natural gas > Consumption 77.83 billion cu m
Ranked 9th. 15 times more than Portugal
5.21 billion cu m
Ranked 34th.

Gasoline > Road sector gasoline fuel consumption per capita > Kg of oil equivalent 160.01
Ranked 49th. 23% more than Portugal
129.73
Ranked 57th.

Oil > Consumption per 1000 25.53 bbl/day
Ranked 58th.
25.6 bbl/day
Ranked 57th. About the same as Italy

Electric power > Consumption > KWh 328.11 billion kWh
Ranked 12th. 7 times more than Portugal
47.53 billion kWh
Ranked 43th.

Hydroelectricity > Consumption 36.32
Ranked 14th. 2 times more than Portugal
15.54
Ranked 29th.
Electricity production from natural gas sources > KWh 135.84 billion
Ranked 4th. 13 times more than Portugal
10.41 billion
Ranked 19th.

Energy use > Kg of oil equivalent per $1,000 GDP > Constant 2005 PPP $98.96
Ranked 31st.
$99.13
Ranked 30th. About the same as Italy

Electric power > Consumption > KWh per capita 5,640.09 kWh
Ranked 34th. 25% more than Portugal
4,525.72 kWh
Ranked 41st.

Geothermal power use 1,048
Ranked 12th. 105 times more than Portugal
10
Ranked 44th.
Oil > Exports 586,900 bbl/day
Ranked 9th. 11 times more than Portugal
53,660 bbl/day
Ranked 25th.

Adjusted savings: energy depletion > Current US$ per capita $46.54
Ranked 72nd.
0.0
Ranked 194th.

Production > Kilotons of oil equivalent 26,381
Ranked 50th. 6 times more than Portugal
4,615
Ranked 88th.

Oil > Production per 1000 2.43 bbl/day
Ranked 61st. 5 times more than Portugal
0.444 bbl/day
Ranked 85th.

Natural gas > Proved reserves 62.35 billion cu m
Ranked 58th.
0.0
Ranked 183th.

Electricity > From other renewable sources 15.8% of total installed capacity
Ranked 2nd.
24.1% of total installed capacity
Ranked 4th. 53% more than Italy

Wind power > Installed windpower capacity > Megawatts 5,797 Megawatts
Ranked 7th. 57% more than Portugal
3,702 Megawatts
Ranked 11th.

Natural gas > Production None None
Oil > Consumption > Million tonnes > Per capita 1.53 per 1 million people
Ranked 25th. 3% more than Portugal
1.49 per 1 million people
Ranked 27th.
Refined petroleum products > Consumption 1.45 million bbl/day
Ranked 15th. 6 times more than Portugal
259,700 bbl/day
Ranked 46th.
Electricity > Production per capita 4,919.56 kWh
Ranked 47th. 16% more than Portugal
4,225.92 kWh
Ranked 51st.

Gasoline > Road sector gasoline fuel consumption > Kt of oil equivalent 9,678
Ranked 16th. 7 times more than Portugal
1,380
Ranked 55th.

Hydroelectric power > Production > KWh 32.82 billion
Ranked 18th. 3 times more than Portugal
10.09 billion
Ranked 36th.

Wind power > Wind power generated > Terawatt hours 6.11 terawatt hours
Ranked 6th. 12% more than Portugal
5.45 terawatt hours
Ranked 7th.

Electricity production from coal sources > KWh per capita 773.47
Ranked 23th.
1,248.54
Ranked 18th. 61% more than Italy

Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric > KWh per capita 785.37
Ranked 13th.
1,307.15
Ranked 8th. 66% more than Italy

Crude oil > Imports per thousand people 26.3 bbl/day
Ranked 16th. 26% more than Portugal
20.9 bbl/day
Ranked 22nd.

Oil > Proved > Reserves per capita 7.01 bbl
Ranked 63th.
0.0
Ranked 172nd.
Primary Consumption > Million tonnes oil equivalent 183.6
Ranked 12th. 7 times more than Portugal
25
Ranked 47th.
Refined petroleum products > Consumption per thousand people 23.94 bbl/day
Ranked 71st.
24.6 bbl/day
Ranked 69th. 3% more than Italy
Electricity > Production > KWh 308.22 billion
Ranked 12th. 7 times more than Portugal
46.9 billion
Ranked 47th.

Oil > Imports 1.91 million bbl/day
Ranked 8th. 6 times more than Portugal
323,000 bbl/day
Ranked 19th.

Electricity > Exports 2.27 billion kWh
Ranked 26th.
2.87 billion kWh
Ranked 24th. 27% more than Italy

Electricity production from natural gas sources > KWh per capita 2,229.82
Ranked 7th. 2 times more than Portugal
988.91
Ranked 20th.

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy 400.9 million Mt
Ranked 16th. 7 times more than Portugal
54.17 million Mt
Ranked 56th.

Energy use > Equivalent in kilograms of oil per capita 3,000.63
Ranked 41st. 27% more than Portugal
2,362.76
Ranked 53th.

Crude oil > Production per thousand people 2.54 bbl/day
Ranked 72nd. 5 times more than Portugal
0.499 bbl/day
Ranked 97th.

Electric power transmission and distribution losses > KWh 20.85 billion
Ranked 20th. 5 times more than Portugal
4.09 billion
Ranked 51st.

Electricity production from oil sources > KWh per capita 306.74
Ranked 8th. 35% more than Portugal
227.9
Ranked 9th.

Electricity production from nuclear sources > KWh per capita 0.0
Ranked 27th.
0.0
Ranked 34th.

Nuclear waste generated -0.19
Ranked 9th.
-0.36
Ranked 45th. 89% more than Italy
Energy production > Kt of oil equivalent per 1000 0.536
Ranked 28th. 17% more than Portugal
0.457
Ranked 29th.

Electricity > Production by source > Nuclear 0.0
Ranked 153th.
0.0
Ranked 189th.
Electric power transmission and distribution losses > KWh per capita 343.33
Ranked 64th.
387.04
Ranked 51st. 13% more than Italy

Electric power > Consumption > KWh > Per capita 5,640.09 kWh per capita
Ranked 35th. 25% more than Portugal
4,525.72 kWh per capita
Ranked 43th.

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy per capita 6.6 Mt
Ranked 68th. 29% more than Portugal
5.13 Mt
Ranked 80th.

Electricity > Imports 46.04 billion kWh
Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Portugal
10.76 billion kWh
Ranked 18th.

CO2 intensity > Kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use 2.39
Ranked 59th. 7% more than Portugal
2.22
Ranked 74th.

Wind power > Wind power generated > Terawatt hours per million 0.102 terawatt hours
Ranked 13th.
0.513 terawatt hours
Ranked 4th. 5 times more than Italy

Crude oil > Exports 6,300 bbl/day
Ranked 49th.
0.0
Ranked 158th.

Electricity > From nuclear fuels 0.0
Ranked 10th.
0.0
Ranked 158th.

Natural gas > Imports 67.8 billion cu m
Ranked 4th. 13 times more than Portugal
5.18 billion cu m
Ranked 33th.

Oil > Consumption > Million tonnes 89.5
Ranked 10th. 6 times more than Portugal
15.7
Ranked 33th.
Electricity > Production > KWh > Per capita 4,210.1 per capita
Ranked 39th. 23% more than Portugal
3,423.67 per capita
Ranked 46th.

Geothermal power use per million 18.4
Ranked 21st. 19 times more than Portugal
0.978
Ranked 41st.
Hydroelectricity > Consumption per million 0.631
Ranked 47th.
1.49
Ranked 20th. 2 times more than Italy
Hydroelectricity > Consumption > Per capita 6.25 per 10 million people
Ranked 47th.
14.71 per 10 million people
Ranked 22nd. 2 times more than Italy
Power > Consumption > KWh per capita 5,712.73
Ranked 34th. 18% more than Portugal
4,860.42
Ranked 42nd.

Power > Consumption > KWh 339.19 billion
Ranked 11th. 7 times more than Portugal
51.56 billion
Ranked 41st.

Crude oil > Imports 1.59 million bbl/day
Ranked 6th. 7 times more than Portugal
222,300 bbl/day
Ranked 26th.

Electricity > From fossil fuels 65% of total installed capacity
Ranked 9th. 33% more than Portugal
49% of total installed capacity
Ranked 136th.

GDP per unit of energy use > PPP $ per kg of oil equivalent $10.58
Ranked 11th. 8% more than Portugal
$9.81
Ranked 18th.

GDP created per unit of energy use 9.59
Ranked 14th. 7% more than Portugal
8.98
Ranked 18th.

Oil > Exports per 1000 9.81 bbl/day
Ranked 14th. 94% more than Portugal
5.05 bbl/day
Ranked 21st.

Oil > Proved > Reserves 423.7 million bbl
Ranked 50th.
0.0
Ranked 182nd.
Oil > Consumption > Thousand barrels daily 1,871
Ranked 11th. 6 times more than Portugal
325
Ranked 33th.
Road sector diesel fuel consumption > Kt of oil equivalent per million 368.91
Ranked 25th.
401.6
Ranked 18th. 9% more than Italy

Electricity > Production by source > Fossil fuel 78.6%
Ranked 110th. 22% more than Portugal
64.5%
Ranked 121st.
Traditional fuel > Consumption 1%
Ranked 105th. 11% more than Portugal
0.9%
Ranked 107th.
Refined petroleum products > Imports 393,300 bbl/day
Ranked 12th. 5 times more than Portugal
84,080 bbl/day
Ranked 47th.

Geothermal power use > Per capita 1.8e-05 per person
Ranked 22nd. 19 times more than Portugal
9.46e-07 per person
Ranked 42nd.
Energy use per $1000 GDP $103.93
Ranked 107th. 2% more than Portugal
$102.15
Ranked 110th.

Nuclear power > Production > KWh 0.0
Ranked 91st.
0.0
Ranked 114th.

Refined petroleum products > Production per thousand people 31.2 bbl/day
Ranked 24th. 32% more than Portugal
23.71 bbl/day
Ranked 35th.

Production and prices > Oil prices > Crude oil import prices $70.20 US dollars per barrel, av
Ranked 13th.
$70.23 US dollars per barrel, av
Ranked 12th. The same as Italy
Crude oil > Exports per thousand people 0.104 bbl/day
Ranked 53th.
0.0
Ranked 157th.

Natural gas > Consumption > Per capita 1.46 million cu m per 1,000 people
Ranked 18th. 4 times more than Portugal
386,363.18 cu m per 1,000 people
Ranked 53th.

Electricity > Production from hydroelectric sources > Kwh per capita 680.84 kWh
Ranked 38th.
939.73 kWh
Ranked 27th. 38% more than Italy

Electricity > Production from hydroelectric sources > Kwh 39.61 billion kWh
Ranked 15th. 4 times more than Portugal
9.87 billion kWh
Ranked 37th.

Oil > Imports per 1000 31.94 bbl/day
Ranked 16th. 5% more than Portugal
30.41 bbl/day
Ranked 18th.

Wind power > Installed windpower capacity > Megawatts per million 95.84 Megawatts
Ranked 15th.
348.02 Megawatts
Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Italy

Imports > Kt of oil equivalent > Per capita 2.65 kt of oil equivalent pe
Ranked 11th. 23% more than Portugal
2.16 kt of oil equivalent pe
Ranked 19th.

Imports > Kt of oil equivalent 154,322 kt of oil equivalent
Ranked 5th. 7 times more than Portugal
22,648 kt of oil equivalent
Ranked 17th.

Electric power transmission and distribution losses > Million kWh > Per capita 358.71 million kWh per capita
Ranked 58th.
386.31 million kWh per capita
Ranked 50th. 8% more than Italy

Production > Kt of oil equivalent 30,138 kt of oil equivalent
Ranked 46th. 8 times more than Portugal
3,901 kt of oil equivalent
Ranked 92nd.

Primary Consumption > Million tonnes oil equivalent per million 3.16
Ranked 30th. 33% more than Portugal
2.38
Ranked 39th.
Wind energy installation 1,125 MW
Ranked 6th. 2 times more than Portugal
522 MW
Ranked 12th.
Geothermal electricity > Utility-grade plants > Installed geothermal electric capacity > Megawatts 843 megawatts
Ranked 5th. 29 times more than Portugal
29 megawatts
Ranked 16th.

Oil > Consumption > Million tonnes per million 1.53
Ranked 23th. 3% more than Portugal
1.49
Ranked 25th.
Wind power > Installed windpower capacity > Megawatts [17] 6
Ranked 33th.
11
Ranked 29th. 83% more than Italy
Electricity > Consumption > Date of > Information 2003 2003
Energy supply > Renewable energy > Contribution of renewables to energy supply 7.2%
Ranked 16th.
18%
Ranked 8th. 3 times more than Italy
Hydroelectricity > Consumption > Million tonnes oil equivalent 11
Ranked 12th. 4 times more than Portugal
2.8
Ranked 29th.
Hydroelectricity > Consumption > Terawatt-hours > Share of total 1.74
Ranked 12th. 4 times more than Portugal
0.43
Ranked 30th.
Electricity Generation > Terawatt-hours 300
Ranked 12th. 7 times more than Portugal
46
Ranked 45th.
Wind energy installation per million 19.34 MW
Ranked 14th.
49.7 MW
Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Italy
Primary Consumption > Million tonnes oil equivalent > Per $ GDP 1.14e-10 per $1
Ranked 56th.
1.32e-10 per $1
Ranked 49th. 16% more than Italy
Coal > Consumption > Million tonnes oil equivalent > Share of total 0.6
Ranked 20th. 6 times more than Portugal
0.1
Ranked 42nd.
Oil > Consumption > Thousand barrels daily > Share of total 2.38
Ranked 10th. 6 times more than Portugal
0.42
Ranked 33th.
Electricity > Production by source > Hydro 18.4%
Ranked 92nd.
31.3%
Ranked 76th. 70% more than Italy
Electricity > Production from natural gas sources > Kwh > Per capita 2,230.71 kWh per capita
Ranked 19th. Twice as much as Portugal
1,113.03 kWh per capita
Ranked 37th.

Electricity > Production from coal sources > % of total 17.36%
Ranked 38th.
33.15%
Ranked 26th. 91% more than Italy

Electricity > Production from hydroelectric sources > Kwh > Per capita 680.84 kWh per capita
Ranked 37th.
939.73 kWh per capita
Ranked 26th. 38% more than Italy

Electricity > Production from oil sources > Kwh > Per capita 789.77 kWh per capita
Ranked 16th. 46% more than Portugal
542.57 kWh per capita
Ranked 27th.

Electricity > Production from oil sources > % of total 15.68%
Ranked 43th. 23% more than Portugal
12.71%
Ranked 48th.

Coal > Consumption > Million tonnes oil equivalent 17.1
Ranked 20th. 4 times more than Portugal
3.9
Ranked 34th.
Electricity production from hydroelectric sources > % of total 14.23%
Ranked 13th. 16% more than Portugal
12.24%
Ranked 14th.

Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > % of GNI 0.21% of GNI
Ranked 77th. 21 times more than Portugal
0.01% of GNI
Ranked 77th.

SOURCES: CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; International Energy Agency; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ).; IEA; The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium; International Energy Agency. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; IEA. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy; German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ), Fuel Prices and Taxation (1999) and the electronic update for2000. Available from World Bank, World Development Indicators 2002, WDI table 3.12. via ciesin.org; World Development Indicators database; Energy Information Administration; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Lund and Freeston; Proceedings of the World Geothermal Congress 2000; The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics \xA9 OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp).; World Wind Energy Association, World Wind Energy Report 2008.; BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2005; International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics \xA9 OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), Energy Statistics and Balances of Non-OECD Countries, Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, and Energy Balances of OECD Countries.; U.S Energy Information Administration: International Energy Statistics[18]; International Atomic Energy Agency, Waste Management Database, 1997 via ciesin.org; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.; U.S Energy Information Administration: International Energy Statistics[18]. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Lund and Freeston; Proceedings of the World Geothermal Congress 2000. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Energy Information Administration. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics \xA9 OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), Energy Statistics and Balances of Non-OECD Countries and Energy Statistics of OECD Countries.; International Energy Agency (IEA Statistics \xA9 OECD/IEA, http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), and World Bank PPP data.; World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009; World Wind Energy Association, World Wind Energy Report 2008. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2005. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Wind Energy Association; Oregon Institute of Technology: World Geothermal Generation in 2007; World Wind Energy Association, World Wind Energy Report 2009, 10 January 2010.; Wikipedia: List of countries by electricity consumption; World Wind Energy Association. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.

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