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Environment Stats: compare key data on Mauritius & South Africa

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Definitions

  • Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$: Adjusted net national income (constant 2000 US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.
  • Biodiversity > Mammal species, threatened: Mammal species, threatened. Mammal species are mammals excluding whales and porpoises. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
  • CO2 Emissions per 1000: CO2: Total Emissions (excluding land-use) Units: thousand metric tonnes of carbon dioxide. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Current issues: This entry lists the most pressing and important environmental problems. The following terms and abbreviations are used throughout the entry:
  • Endangered species > Mammal species > Number: Mammal species are mammals excluding whales and porpoises. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
  • Forest area > Sq. km > Per capita: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Pollution perceptions > Air pollution: Air Pollution. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with the quality of air in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Pollution perceptions > Air quality: Air quality. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with the quality of air in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Pollution perceptions > Clean water: Water Quality. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Are you concerned with the water pollution in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Pollution perceptions > Drinking water pollution: Drinking Water Pollution and Inaccessibility. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How do you find quality and the accessibility of drinking water?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Pollution perceptions > Drinking water quality: Drinking Water Quality and Accessibility. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How do you find quality and the accessibility of drinking water?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Pollution perceptions > Noise and light pollution: Noise and Light Pollution. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How concerned are you with noise pollution and light during the night in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Pollution perceptions > Water pollution: Water Pollution. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Are you concerned with the water pollution in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Proportion of land area under protection: Terrestrial areas protected to total surface area, percentage.
  • Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day: Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
  • CO2 emissions > Kt: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
  • Pollution perceptions > Pollution index: Pollution Index is an estimation of the overall pollution in the city. The biggest weight is given to air pollution, than to water pollution/accessibility, two main pollution factors. Small weight is given to other pollution types.
  • Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban and rural: Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, total.
  • Emissions > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita: CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
  • Biodiversity > Bird species, threatened: Bird species, threatened. Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
  • CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Endangered species > Bird species: Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
  • Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Adjusted net national income (constant 2000 US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Biodiversity > Fish species, threatened: Fish species, threatened. Fish species are based on Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt: CO2 emissions (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
  • CO2 emissions > Kt > Per capita: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Endangered species > Fish species > Number: Fish species are based on Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
  • Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day: Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Pollution perceptions > Waste management dissatisfaction: Dissatisfaction with Garbage Disposal. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with a garbage disposal in the city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Water > Percent of water resources used: Proportion of total water resources used, percentage.
  • Endangered species > Higher plant species > Number: Higher plants are native vascular plant species. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
  • Pollution > Ozone depleting substance consumption: Consumption of all Ozone-Depleting Substances in ODP metric tons.
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Forest area > Sq. km: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not.
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP: CO2 emissions (kg per 2000 US$ of GDP). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
  • Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban and rural: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, total.
  • Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kt: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
  • Pollution perceptions > Clean, tidy cities: Clean and Tidy. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Do you find city clean and tidy?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Pollution > Ozone depleting substance consumption per million people: Consumption of all Ozone-Depleting Substances in ODP metric tons. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Rural: Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, rural.
  • Biodiversity > Plant species > Higher, threatened: Plant species (higher), threatened. Higher plants are native vascular plant species. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
  • Adjusted net national income > Current US$ per capita: Adjusted net national income (current US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Biodiversity > Number: GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential)."
  • Adjusted net national income > Current US$: Adjusted net national income (current US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.
  • Water > Freshwater internal flow: Internal flow of water: River run-off and groundwater produced during a year through perception minus evaporation.
  • Water > Freshwater internal flow per capita: Internal flow of water: River run-off and groundwater produced during a year through perception minus evaporation. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Pollution perceptions > Urban comfort > Low pollution: Comfortable to Spend Time in the City. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Are you feeling comfortable to spend time in the city because of the pollution?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Protected area: Environmentally protected area (1997)
  • Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum: GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum). GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential).
  • Pollution perceptions > Dirty, untidy cities: Dirty and Untidy. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Do you find city clean and tidy?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
  • Pollution perceptions > Free of noise and light pollution: Quiet and No Problem with Night Lights. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How concerned are you with noise pollution and light during the night in this city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources > Total > Billion cubic meters: Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country.
  • Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita > Cubic meters: Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country. Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita are calculated using the World Bank's population estimates.
  • Pollution > PM10, country level > Micrograms per cubic meter: PM10, country level (micrograms per cubic meter). Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a country's technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations.
  • Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > Number: Terrestrial protected areas are those officially documented by national authorities.
  • CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 PPP $ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
  • Proportion of land and marine area under protection: Terrestrial and marine areas protected to total territorial area, percentage.
  • Pollution perceptions > Urban discomfort from pollution: Dissatisfaction to Spend Time in the City. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Are you feeling comfortable to spend time in the city because of the pollution?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum per million: GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum). GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Water > Population connected to wastewater treatment: Population connected to wastewater treatment.
  • Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban: Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, urban.
  • Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Rural: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, rural.
  • Pollution perceptions > Waste management satisfaction: Garbage Disposal Satisfaction. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with a garbage disposal in the city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Forest area > Sq. km per 1000: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Threatened species > Mammal: Number of threatened mammal species (1997)
  • Water > Population supplied by water supply industry: Total population supplied by water supply industry.
  • Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry to households per capita: Water supplied annually to households, where losses during transportation have been subtracted. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker: Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day per worker). Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > Billion cubic meters: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
  • Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999: 1999 total CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement production, and gas flaring. Emissions are expressed in thousand metric tons of carbon (not CO2).
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt: CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > Number: Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
  • Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, urban.
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > Current US$: Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production.
  • Water > Population connected to wastewater collecting system: Population connected to wastewater collecting system.
  • Water > Surface and Groundwater inflow: Inflow of surface and groundwaters for neighboring countries.
  • Water > Proportion of marine area under protection: Marine areas protected to territorial waters, percentage.
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > Current US$: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage."
  • Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999 per 1000: 1999 total CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement production, and gas flaring. Emissions are expressed in thousand metric tons of carbon (not CO2). Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Freshwater > Withdrawal per million: . Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Emissions > PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter: Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a country's technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations."
  • Pollution > Water pollution, textile industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, textile industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Pollution perceptions > Green space and parks satisfaction: Quality of Green and Parks. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with green and parks in the city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Total natural resources rents > % of GDP: Total natural resources rents (% of GDP). Total natural resources rents are the sum of oil rents, natural gas rents, coal rents (hard and soft), mineral rents, and forest rents.
  • Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker: Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > % of GNI: Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital.
  • Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per PPP $ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI: Carbon dioxide damage is estimated to be $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted.
  • Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent per million: GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent). GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF refers to changes in atmospheric levels of all greenhouse gases attributable to forest and land-use change activities, including but not limited to (1) emissions and removals of CO2 from decreases or increases in biomass stocks due to forest management, logging, fuelwood collection, etc.; (2) conversion of existing forests and natural grasslands to other land uses; (3) removal of CO2 from the abandonment of formerly managed lands (e.g. croplands and pastures); and (4) emissions and removals of CO2 in soil associated with land-use change and management. For Annex-I countries under the UNFCCC, these data are drawn from the annual GHG inventories submitted to the UNFCCC by each country; for non-Annex-I countries, data are drawn from the most recently submitted National Communication where available. Because of differences in reporting years and methodologies, these data are not generally considered comparable across countries. Data are in million metric tons. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2005 PPP $ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
  • Water pollution > Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: other (38 and 39). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
  • Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > % of total surface area: Terrestrial protected areas are those officially documented by national authorities.
  • Water > Surface and Groundwater inflow per capita: Inflow of surface and groundwaters for neighboring countries. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > Current US$: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide. This series excludes particulate emissions damage."
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > Current US$: Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital.
  • Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > % of total surface area: Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > % of GNI: Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth.
  • Water > Drinking water > Population with improved sanitation > Rural: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, rural.
  • Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker: Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > Current US$: Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to avoid mortality attributable to particulate emissions.
  • Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: other (38 and 39). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • International agreements > Signed but not ratified: The various international environmental agreements which a country has signed but not ratified. Agreements are listed in alphabetical order by the abbreviated form of the full name.
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > % of GNI: Energy depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of energy extracted. It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal."
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > % of GNI: Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production.
  • Water pollution > Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: primary metals (ISIC division 37). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
  • CO2 Emissions: CO2: Total Emissions (excluding land-use) Units: thousand metric tonnes of carbon dioxide
  • Pollution > Water pollution, chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, chemical industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Marine protected areas > % of territorial waters: Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters). Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
  • Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI: Carbon dioxide damage is estimated to be $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted.
  • Pollution > Water pollution, metal industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, metal industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: primary metals (ISIC division 37). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > % of total: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
  • Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry to households: Water supplied annually to households, where losses during transportation have been subtracted.
  • Adjusted net national income > Annual % growth: Adjusted net national income (annual % growth). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > % of total: CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > % of total: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.
  • Water pollution > Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
  • Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Agriculture > % of total freshwater withdrawal: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
  • Water pollution > Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
  • Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Industry > % of total freshwater withdrawal: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for industry are total withdrawals for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
  • Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Domestic > % of total freshwater withdrawal: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
  • Water pollution > Clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: stone, ceramics, and glass (36). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to avoid mortality attributable to particulate emissions.
  • Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change sign date: Signature.
  • Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > % of internal resources: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > % of GNI: Mineral depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of minerals extracted. It refers to bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, zinc, gold, and silver."
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > Current US$: Mineral depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of minerals extracted. It refers to bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, zinc, gold, and silver."
  • Forest area > % of land area: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not.
  • Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > % of GNI: Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth.
  • Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: primary metals (ISIC division 37). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$, % of GDP: Adjusted net national income (constant 2000 US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
  • Adjusted net national income > Current US$, % of GDP: Adjusted net national income (current US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
  • Water pollution > Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Gross savings > % of GNI: Gross savings are the difference between gross national income and public and private consumption, plus net current transfers."
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage."
  • Water pollution > Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
  • Pollution > Water pollution, wood industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, wood industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.
  • Water pollution > Food industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: food and beverages (31). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > Current US$: Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth.
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide. This series excludes particulate emissions damage."
  • Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > Current US$: Energy depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of energy extracted. It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal."
  • PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter: Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a countryÂ’s technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations.
  • Pollution > Water pollution, food industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, food industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: food and beverages (31). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Pollution > Water pollution, other industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, other industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: other (38 and 39). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Pollution > Water pollution, paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, paper and pulp industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
  • Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent: GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent). GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF refers to changes in atmospheric levels of all greenhouse gases attributable to forest and land-use change activities, including but not limited to (1) emissions and removals of CO2 from decreases or increases in biomass stocks due to forest management, logging, fuelwood collection, etc.; (2) conversion of existing forests and natural grasslands to other land uses; (3) removal of CO2 from the abandonment of formerly managed lands (e.g. croplands and pastures); and (4) emissions and removals of CO2 in soil associated with land-use change and management. For Annex-I countries under the UNFCCC, these data are drawn from the annual GHG inventories submitted to the UNFCCC by each country; for non-Annex-I countries, data are drawn from the most recently submitted National Communication where available. Because of differences in reporting years and methodologies, these data are not generally considered comparable across countries. Data are in million metric tons.
  • Pollution perceptions > Green space and parks dissatisfaction: Dissatisfaction with Green and Parks in the City. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Algeria, Argentina and 86 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Canada, China and 9 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Brazil, Bulgaria, Greece and 12 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from January, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with green and parks in the city?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
SHOW ALL
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SHARE TWEET EMBED
STAT Mauritius South Africa HISTORY
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$ $6.44 billion
Ranked 60th. 		$252.67 billion
Ranked 11th. 39 times more than Mauritius
Biodiversity > Mammal species, threatened 7
Ranked 125th. 		24
Ranked 35th. 3 times more than Mauritius
CO2 Emissions per 1000 2.29
Ranked 80th. 		7.47
Ranked 36th. 3 times more than Mauritius
Current issues water pollution, degradation of coral reefs lack of important arterial rivers or lakes requires extensive water conservation and control measures; growth in water usage outpacing supply; pollution of rivers from agricultural runoff and urban discharge; air pollution resulting in acid rain; soil erosion; desertification
Endangered species > Mammal species > Number 6
Ranked 125th. 		23
Ranked 36th. 4 times more than Mauritius
Forest area > Sq. km > Per capita 0.298 km² per 1,000 people
Ranked 170th. 		1.96 km² per 1,000 people
Ranked 112th. 7 times more than Mauritius
Pollution perceptions > Air pollution 31.25
Ranked 47th. 		51.44
Ranked 14th. 65% more than Mauritius
Pollution perceptions > Air quality 68.75
Ranked 14th. 42% more than South Africa 		48.56
Ranked 14th.
Pollution perceptions > Clean water 35.71
Ranked 41st. 		40.38
Ranked 22nd. 13% more than Mauritius
Pollution perceptions > Drinking water pollution 46.43
Ranked 22nd. 36% more than South Africa 		34.13
Ranked 13th.
Pollution perceptions > Drinking water quality 53.57
Ranked 38th. 		65.87
Ranked 15th. 23% more than Mauritius
Pollution perceptions > Noise and light pollution 57.14
Ranked 25th. 27% more than South Africa 		45.1
Ranked 11th.
Pollution perceptions > Water pollution 64.29
Ranked 19th. 8% more than South Africa 		59.62
Ranked 6th.
Proportion of land area under protection 4.49%
Ranked 173th. 		6.2%
Ranked 156th. 38% more than Mauritius
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day 351.39
Ranked 56th. 		191,580.5
Ranked 6th. 545 times more than Mauritius
CO2 emissions > Kt 3,142.85 kt
Ranked 122nd. 		364,157.2 kt
Ranked 14th. 116 times more than Mauritius
Pollution perceptions > Pollution index 55.11
Ranked 38th. 		58.07
Ranked 13th. 5% more than Mauritius
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban and rural 99.76
Ranked 40th. 9% more than South Africa 		91.49
Ranked 124th.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita 3.08
Ranked 90th. 		8.98
Ranked 38th. 3 times more than Mauritius
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita 3.21
Ranked 95th. 		9.2
Ranked 31st. 3 times more than Mauritius
Biodiversity > Bird species, threatened 11
Ranked 114th. 		41
Ranked 21st. 4 times more than Mauritius
CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000 2.57 kt
Ranked 93th. 		7.9 kt
Ranked 40th. 3 times more than Mauritius
Endangered species > Bird species 11
Ranked 86th. 		35
Ranked 22nd. 3 times more than Mauritius
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$ per capita $5,005.13
Ranked 17th. About the same as South Africa 		$4,994.77
Ranked 18th.
Biodiversity > Fish species, threatened 15
Ranked 132nd. 		87
Ranked 11th. 6 times more than Mauritius
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt 4,118.04
Ranked 125th. 		460,124.16
Ranked 13th. 112 times more than Mauritius
CO2 emissions > Kt > Per capita 2.57 kt per 1,000 people
Ranked 97th. 		7.94 kt per 1,000 people
Ranked 44th. 3 times more than Mauritius
Endangered species > Fish species > Number 11
Ranked 132nd. 		65
Ranked 10th. 6 times more than Mauritius
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day 15,445.87
Ranked 24th. 		229,582
Ranked 5th. 15 times more than Mauritius
Pollution perceptions > Waste management dissatisfaction 71.43
Ranked 8th. 54% more than South Africa 		46.5
Ranked 18th.
Water > Percent of water resources used 26.35%
Ranked 23th. 9% more than South Africa 		24.28%
Ranked 34th.
Endangered species > Higher plant species > Number 88
Ranked 30th. 19% more than South Africa 		74
Ranked 33th.
Pollution > Ozone depleting substance consumption 8.82
Ranked 89th. 		379.3
Ranked 18th. 43 times more than Mauritius
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000 3.21
Ranked 95th. 		9.2
Ranked 31st. 3 times more than Mauritius
Forest area > Sq. km 370 km²
Ranked 167th. 		92,030 km²
Ranked 57th. 249 times more than Mauritius
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP $0.53
Ranked 78th. 		$1.59
Ranked 20th. 3 times more than Mauritius
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban and rural 90.64
Ranked 96th. 23% more than South Africa 		73.96
Ranked 120th.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kt 3,883.84
Ranked 117th. 		433,172.74
Ranked 12th. 112 times more than Mauritius
Pollution perceptions > Clean, tidy cities 35.71
Ranked 46th. 		38.46
Ranked 21st. 8% more than Mauritius
Pollution > Ozone depleting substance consumption per million people 6.86
Ranked 37th. 		7.5
Ranked 35th. 9% more than Mauritius
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Rural 99.67
Ranked 37th. 26% more than South Africa 		79.27
Ranked 136th.
Biodiversity > Plant species > Higher, threatened 89
Ranked 38th. 		100
Ranked 33th. 12% more than Mauritius
Adjusted net national income > Current US$ per capita $7,674.17
Ranked 49th. 21% more than South Africa 		$6,333.31
Ranked 54th.
Biodiversity > Number 3.28
Ranked 72nd. 		20.74
Ranked 18th. 6 times more than Mauritius
Adjusted net national income > Current US$ $9.87 billion
Ranked 105th. 		$320.38 billion
Ranked 27th. 32 times more than Mauritius
Water > Freshwater internal flow 2.95 billion cubic metres
Ranked 22nd. 		49.04 billion cubic metres
Ranked 19th. 17 times more than Mauritius
Water > Freshwater internal flow per capita 2,312.88 cubic metres
Ranked 13th. 2 times more than South Africa 		1,114.55 cubic metres
Ranked 38th.
Pollution perceptions > Urban comfort > Low pollution 43.75
Ranked 36th. 		55.29
Ranked 16th. 26% more than Mauritius
Protected area 6%
Ranked 70th. 11% more than South Africa 		5.4%
Ranked 76th.
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum 3.28
Ranked 73th. 		20.74
Ranked 18th. 6 times more than Mauritius
Pollution perceptions > Dirty, untidy cities 64.29
Ranked 14th. 4% more than South Africa 		61.54
Ranked 7th.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP $0.66
Ranked 83th. 		$2.42
Ranked 16th. 4 times more than Mauritius
Pollution perceptions > Free of noise and light pollution 42.86
Ranked 35th. 		54.9
Ranked 17th. 28% more than Mauritius
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources > Total > Billion cubic meters 2.75
Ranked 140th. 		44.8
Ranked 78th. 16 times more than Mauritius
Freshwater > Withdrawal 0.61
Ranked 91st. 		12.5
Ranked 37th. 20 times more than Mauritius
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita > Cubic meters 2,168.1
Ranked 96th. 2 times more than South Africa 		918.16
Ranked 130th.
Pollution > PM10, country level > Micrograms per cubic meter 16.1
Ranked 148th. 		17.93
Ranked 138th. 11% more than Mauritius
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > Number 23
Ranked 125th. 		931
Ranked 24th. 40 times more than Mauritius
CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 PPP $ of GDP 0.25 kg/PPP$
Ranked 105th. 		0.79 kg/PPP$
Ranked 24th. 3 times more than Mauritius
Proportion of land and marine area under protection 0.733%
Ranked 194th. 		6.56%
Ranked 134th. 9 times more than Mauritius
Pollution perceptions > Urban discomfort from pollution 56.25
Ranked 24th. 26% more than South Africa 		44.71
Ranked 12th.
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum per million 2.59
Ranked 38th. 6 times more than South Africa 		0.425
Ranked 82nd.
Water > Population connected to wastewater treatment 25%
Ranked 34th. 		57%
Ranked 23th. 2 times more than Mauritius
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban 99.89
Ranked 50th. 1% more than South Africa 		98.98
Ranked 84th.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Rural 89.92%
Ranked 82nd. 58% more than South Africa 		57.09%
Ranked 118th.
Pollution perceptions > Waste management satisfaction 28.57
Ranked 52nd. 		53.5
Ranked 10th. 87% more than Mauritius
Forest area > Sq. km per 1000 0.298 km²
Ranked 168th. 		1.95 km²
Ranked 110th. 7 times more than Mauritius
Threatened species > Mammal 4
Ranked 140th. 		33
Ranked 18th. 8 times more than Mauritius
Water > Population supplied by water supply industry 98.7%
Ranked 13th. 45% more than South Africa 		68%
Ranked 37th.
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry to households per capita 174.9 cubic metres
Ranked 1st. 2 times more than South Africa 		82.05 cubic metres
Ranked 8th.
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker 0.168
Ranked 20th. 		0.173
Ranked 17th. 3% more than Mauritius
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > Billion cubic meters 0.72
Ranked 6th. 		12.5
Ranked 39th. 17 times more than Mauritius
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999 674
Ranked 121st. 		91,316
Ranked 14th. 135 times more than Mauritius
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt 0.0
Ranked 187th. 		6,754.61
Ranked 69th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt per 1000 0.0
Ranked 187th. 		0.135
Ranked 89th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt 1,774.83
Ranked 68th. 		381,034.3
Ranked 7th. 215 times more than Mauritius
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000 1.83
Ranked 83th. 39% more than South Africa 		1.32
Ranked 102nd.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000 1.39
Ranked 37th. 		7.62
Ranked 4th. 6 times more than Mauritius
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > Number 18
Ranked 46th. 		30
Ranked 27th. 67% more than Mauritius
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban 91.63
Ranked 102nd. 9% more than South Africa 		84.31
Ranked 119th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > Current US$ $1.06 billion
Ranked 105th. 		$37.15 billion
Ranked 31st. 35 times more than Mauritius
Water > Population connected to wastewater collecting system 25%
Ranked 43th. 		60%
Ranked 29th. 2 times more than Mauritius
Water > Surface and Groundwater inflow 0.0
Ranked 24th. 		5.26 billion cubic metres
Ranked 25th.
Water > Proportion of marine area under protection 0.297%
Ranked 149th. 		12.76%
Ranked 46th. 43 times more than Mauritius
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > Current US$ $804.70 million
Ranked 72nd. 		$-9,222,704,751.44
Ranked 115th.
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999 per 1000 0.573
Ranked 96th. 		2.13
Ranked 37th. 4 times more than Mauritius
Freshwater > Withdrawal per million 0.514
Ranked 52nd. 81% more than South Africa 		0.284
Ranked 72nd.
Emissions > PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter 17.6
Ranked 149th. 		20.54
Ranked 135th. 17% more than Mauritius
Pollution > Water pollution, textile industry > % of total BOD emissions 63.86%
Ranked 2nd. 6 times more than South Africa 		10.37%
Ranked 21st.
Pollution perceptions > Green space and parks satisfaction 46.43
Ranked 43th. 		48.08
Ranked 20th. 4% more than Mauritius
Total natural resources rents > % of GDP 0.00595%
Ranked 163th. 		10.64%
Ranked 48th. 1786 times more than Mauritius
Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions 2.59%
Ranked 69th. 		10.51%
Ranked 19th. 4 times more than Mauritius
Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker 0.15 kg per day per worker
Ranked 62nd. 		0.18 kg per day per worker
Ranked 23th. 20% more than Mauritius
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > % of GNI 5.39%
Ranked 87th. 2 times more than South Africa 		2.24%
Ranked 106th.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per PPP $ of GDP $0.26
Ranked 90th. 		$0.90
Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Mauritius
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI 0.3%
Ranked 88th. 		1.28%
Ranked 6th. 4 times more than Mauritius
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent per million -0.197
Ranked 15th. 		-0.486
Ranked 45th. 2 times more than Mauritius
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2005 PPP $ of GDP $0.28
Ranked 91st. 		$0.96
Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Mauritius
Water pollution > Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions 86.26%
Ranked 1st. 2 times more than South Africa 		39.63%
Ranked 4th.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > % of total surface area 5.54%
Ranked 134th. 		6.05%
Ranked 127th. 9% more than Mauritius
Water > Surface and Groundwater inflow per capita 0.0
Ranked 23th. 		119.55 cubic metres
Ranked 26th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > Current US$ $805.14 million
Ranked 72nd. 		$-9,003,473,621.35
Ranked 121st.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > Current US$ $511.42 million
Ranked 94th. 		$5.99 billion
Ranked 51st. 12 times more than Mauritius
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > % of total surface area 0.3%
Ranked 100th. 		6.22%
Ranked 27th. 21 times more than Mauritius
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > % of GNI 0.01%
Ranked 61st. 		0.49%
Ranked 28th. 49 times more than Mauritius
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved sanitation > Rural 89.92
Ranked 82nd. 58% more than South Africa 		57.09
Ranked 118th.
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker 0.06
Ranked 56th. 		0.16
Ranked 22nd. 3 times more than Mauritius
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > Current US$ $437,623.93
Ranked 133th. 		$219.23 million
Ranked 39th. 501 times more than Mauritius
Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions 1.1%
Ranked 62nd. 		5.46%
Ranked 25th. 5 times more than Mauritius
Freshwater > Withdrawal > Agricultural 60%
Ranked 91st. 		63%
Ranked 84th. 5% more than Mauritius
International agreements > Signed but not ratified none of the selected agreements none of the selected agreements
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > % of GNI 0.0
Ranked 151st. 		6.37%
Ranked 33th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > % of GNI 11.13%
Ranked 77th. 		13.89%
Ranked 21st. 25% more than Mauritius
Water pollution > Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions 0.0
Ranked 56th. 		5.75%
Ranked 6th.
CO2 Emissions 2,796
Ranked 116th. 		344,590
Ranked 13th. 123 times more than Mauritius
Pollution > Water pollution, chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions 5.92%
Ranked 26th. 		10.58%
Ranked 10th. 79% more than Mauritius
Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions 6.56%
Ranked 67th. 		17.96%
Ranked 18th. 3 times more than Mauritius
Marine protected areas > % of territorial waters 0.954%
Ranked 112th. 		9.37%
Ranked 52nd. 10 times more than Mauritius
Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI 0.36% of GNI
Ranked 90th. 		1.12% of GNI
Ranked 27th. 3 times more than Mauritius
Pollution > Water pollution, metal industry > % of total BOD emissions 0.384%
Ranked 28th. 		9.93%
Ranked 4th. 26 times more than Mauritius
Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions 55.37%
Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than South Africa 		10.88%
Ranked 23th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > % of total 43.1%
Ranked 23th. 		82.81%
Ranked 4th. 92% more than Mauritius
Freshwater > Withdrawal > Industrial 14%
Ranked 34th. 2 times more than South Africa 		6%
Ranked 60th.
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry to households 223 million cubic metres
Ranked 15th. 		3.61 billion cubic metres
Ranked 2nd. 16 times more than Mauritius
Adjusted net national income > Annual % growth 0.817%
Ranked 65th. 		5.34%
Ranked 27th. 7 times more than Mauritius
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > % of total 0.0
Ranked 187th. 		1.47%
Ranked 108th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > % of total 56.9%
Ranked 115th. 4 times more than South Africa 		14.31%
Ranked 188th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions 0.0
Ranked 56th. 		11.92%
Ranked 16th.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Agriculture > % of total freshwater withdrawal 67.72%
Ranked 72nd. 8% more than South Africa 		62.71%
Ranked 82nd.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions 13.74%
Ranked 4th. 97% more than South Africa 		6.98%
Ranked 6th.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Industry > % of total freshwater withdrawal 2.76%
Ranked 102nd. 		6.05%
Ranked 77th. 2 times more than Mauritius
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Domestic > % of total freshwater withdrawal 29.52%
Ranked 31st. 		31.24%
Ranked 28th. 6% more than Mauritius
Water pollution > Clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions 0.06%
Ranked 70th. 		0.14%
Ranked 40th. 2 times more than Mauritius
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI 0.0
Ranked 162nd. 		0.08%
Ranked 106th.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change sign date June 10, 1992 June 15, 1993
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > % of internal resources 26.35%
Ranked 45th. 		27.89%
Ranked 43th. 6% more than Mauritius
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > % of GNI 0.0
Ranked 145th. 		2.61%
Ranked 16th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > Current US$ 0.0
Ranked 174th. 		$6.97 billion
Ranked 10th.
Forest area > % of land area 18.23% of land area
Ranked 129th. 2 times more than South Africa 		7.58% of land area
Ranked 157th.
Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > % of GNI 0.01% of GNI
Ranked 56th. 		0.17% of GNI
Ranked 41st. 17 times more than Mauritius
Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions 0.89%
Ranked 62nd. 		15.12%
Ranked 6th. 17 times more than Mauritius
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$, % of GDP 57.26%
Ranked 34th. 		62.88%
Ranked 26th. 10% more than Mauritius
Adjusted net national income > Current US$, % of GDP 87.79%
Ranked 33th. 10% more than South Africa 		79.74%
Ranked 102nd.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions 0.0
Ranked 56th. 		11.44%
Ranked 9th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Gross savings > % of GNI 16.52%
Ranked 88th. 2% more than South Africa 		16.13%
Ranked 89th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > % of GNI 8.48%
Ranked 58th. 		-3.45%
Ranked 105th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions 0.0
Ranked 53th. 		4.28%
Ranked 13th.
Freshwater > Withdrawal > Domestic 25%
Ranked 31st. 		31%
Ranked 22nd. 24% more than Mauritius
Pollution > Water pollution, wood industry > % of total BOD emissions 0.651%
Ranked 25th. 		4.24%
Ranked 11th. 7 times more than Mauritius
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt 2,343.21
Ranked 124th. 		65,851.99
Ranked 28th. 28 times more than Mauritius
Water pollution > Food industry > % of total BOD emissions 32.82%
Ranked 65th. 		36.04%
Ranked 38th. 10% more than Mauritius
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > Current US$ $1.09 million
Ranked 61st. 		$1.30 billion
Ranked 2nd. 1198 times more than Mauritius
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > % of GNI 8.48%
Ranked 61st. 		-3.37%
Ranked 106th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > Current US$ 0.0
Ranked 178th. 		$17.04 billion
Ranked 30th.
PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter 15.95 mcg/m³
Ranked 162nd. 		26.14 mcg/m³
Ranked 131st. 64% more than Mauritius
Pollution > Water pollution, food industry > % of total BOD emissions 14.7%
Ranked 25th. 		15.65%
Ranked 23th. 7% more than Mauritius
Pollution > Water pollution, other industry > % of total BOD emissions 10.86%
Ranked 26th. 		37.43%
Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Mauritius
Pollution > Water pollution, paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions 3.63%
Ranked 23th. 		6.58%
Ranked 6th. 81% more than Mauritius
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent -0.221
Ranked 14th. 		-18.616
Ranked 72nd. 84 times more than Mauritius
Pollution perceptions > Green space and parks dissatisfaction 53.57
Ranked 17th. 3% more than South Africa 		51.92
Ranked 8th.
Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions 0.61%
Ranked 69th. 		3.89%
Ranked 17th. 6 times more than Mauritius

SOURCES: The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre; World Resources Institute. 2003. Carbon Emissions from energy use and cement manufacturing, 1850 to 2000. Available on-line through the Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) at Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, and International Union for Conservation of Nature, Red List of Threatened Species.; World Development Indicators database; pollution; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; 1998 study by Hemamala Hettige, Muthukumara Mani, and David Wheeler, ""Industrial Pollution in Economic Development: Kuznets Revisited"" (available at www.worldbank.org/nipr). The data were updated through 2005 by the World Bank's Development Research Group using the same methodology as the initial study.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. FishBase database, www.fishbase.org.; Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org. version (07/2008). Accessed: 28 September 2008.; Industrial Pollution in Economic Development: Kuznets Revisited; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Kiran Dev Pandey, Piet Buys, Ken Chomitz, and David Wheeler's, ""Biodiversity Conservation Indicators: New Tools for Priority Setting at the Global Environment Facility"" (2006).; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a5, Freshwater internal flow; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a5, Freshwater internal flow. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Jacaranda Atlas; Kiran Dev Pandey, Piet Buys, Ken Chomitz, and David Wheeler's, "Biodiversity Conservation Indicators: New Tools for Priority Setting at the Global Environment Facility" (2006).; Food and Agriculture Organisation, AQUASTAT data.; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; World Bank, Development Research Group and Environment Department; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the World Resources Institute, based on data from national authorities, national legislation and international agreements.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Kiran Dev Pandey, Piet Buys, Ken Chomitz, and David Wheeler's, "Biodiversity Conservation Indicators: New Tools for Priority Setting at the Global Environment Facility" (2006). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a38, Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry to: Households. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank and UNIDO's industry database.; Gregg Marland, Tom Boden, and Bob Andres, University of North Dakota, via net publication; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's National Accounts Statistics.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a8, Inflow of surface and groundwaters; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Bank staff estimates. The conceptual underpinnings of the savings measure appear in Hamilton and Clemens' ""Genuine Savings Rates in Developing Countries"" (1999).; Gregg Marland, Tom Boden, and Bob Andres, University of North Dakota, via net publication. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Kiren Dev Pandey, David Wheeler, Bart Ostro, Uwe Deichmann, Kirk Hamilton, and Katherine Bolt. ""Ambient Particulate Matter Concentrations in Residential and Pollution Hotspot Areas of World Cities: New Estimates Based on the Global Model of Ambient Particulates (GMAPS),"" World Bank, Development Research Group and Environment Department (2006).; World Bank staff estimates.; World Bank staff estimates based on Samuel Fankhauser's ""Valuing Climate Change: The Economics of the Greenhouse"" (1995).; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a8, Inflow of surface and groundwaters. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in Arundhati Kunte and others' ""Estimating National Wealth: Methodology and Results"" (1998).; United Nations Statistics Division Original html; Kiran D. Pandey and others' ""The Human Costs of Air Pollution: New Estimates for Developing Countries"" (2006).; World Resources Institute. 2003. Carbon Emissions from energy use and cement manufacturing, 1850 to 2000. Available on-line through the Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) at Washington, DC: World Resources Institute; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a38, Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry to: Households; Wikipedia: List of parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (List of parties) (Parties & Observers , UNFCCC, 1 June 2011); The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium. GDP figures sourced from World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; World Bank national accounts data files.; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

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