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Military Stats: compare key data on Brunei & Singapore

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Definitions

  • Armed forces personnel > Total: Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if the training, organisation, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces."
  • Branches: The names of the ground, naval, air, marine, and other defense or security forces
  • Expenditures > Percent of GDP: Current military expenditures as an estimated percent of gross domestic product (GDP).
  • Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Males: The number of draft-age males and females entering the military manpower pool in any given year and is a measure of the availability of draft-age young adults.
  • Manpower reaching military age annually > Males: This entry is derived from Military > Manpower reaching military age annually, which gives the number of males and females entering the military manpower pool (i.e., reaching age 16) in any given year and is a measure of the availability of military-age young adults.
  • Military branches: This entry lists the service branches subordinate to defense ministries or the equivalent (typically ground, naval, air, and marine forces).
  • Military expenditure > Current LCU: Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilisation, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.)"
  • Military expenditures: This entry gives spending on defense programs for the most recent year available as a percent of gross domestic product (GDP); the GDP is calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP). For countries with no military forces, this figure can include expenditures on public security and police.
  • Military service age and obligation: This entry gives the required ages for voluntary or conscript military service and the length of service obligation.
  • Paramilitary personnel: Paramilitary.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Personnel: Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if the training, organization, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces.
  • Personnel > Per capita: Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if the training, organization, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Service age and obligation: This entry gives the required ages for voluntary or conscript military service and the length of sevice obligation.
  • War deaths: Battle-related deaths are deaths in battle-related conflicts between warring parties in the conflict dyad (two conflict units that are parties to a conflict). Typically, battle-related deaths occur in warfare involving the armed forces of the warring parties. This includes traditional battlefield fighting, guerrilla activities, and all kinds of bombardments of military units, cities, and villages, etc. The targets are usually the military itself and its installations or state institutions and state representatives, but there is often substantial collateral damage in the form of civilians being killed in crossfire, in indiscriminate bombings, etc. All deaths--military as well as civilian--incurred in such situations, are counted as battle-related deaths."
  • Personnel per 1000: Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if the training, organization, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Expenditure > Current LCU: Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.)
  • Imports > USD: Arms transfers cover the supply of military weapons through sales, aid, gifts, and those made through manufacturing licenses. Data cover major conventional weapons such as aircraft, armored vehicles, artillery, radar systems, missiles, and ships designed for military use. Excluded are transfers of other military equipment such as small arms and light weapons, trucks, small artillery, ammunition, support equipment, technology transfers, and other services."
  • Arms imports > Constant 1990 US$: Arms transfers cover the supply of military weapons through sales, aid, gifts, and those made through manufacturing licenses. Data cover major conventional weapons such as aircraft, armored vehicles, artillery, radar systems, missiles, and ships designed for military use. Excluded are transfers of other military equipment such as small arms and light weapons, trucks, small artillery, ammunition, support equipment, technology transfers, and other services.
  • Military expenditures > Percent of GDP: This entry gives spending on defense programs for the most recent year available as a percent of gross domestic product (GDP); the GDP is calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP). For countries with no military forces, this figure can include expenditures on public security and police.
  • Manpower fit for military service > Males age 18-49: This entry gives the number of males and females falling in the military age range for the country and who are not otherwise disqualified for health reasons; accounts for the health situation in the country and provides a more realistic estimate of the actual number fit to serve.
  • Manpower available for military service > Males age 18-49: This entry gives the number of males and females falling in the military age range for the country and assumes that every individual is fit to serve.
  • Manpower reaching military age annually > Males per thousand people: This entry is derived from Military > Manpower reaching military age annually, which gives the number of males and females entering the military manpower pool (i.e., reaching age 16) in any given year and is a measure of the availability of military-age young adults. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually > Males: This entry is derived from Military > Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually, which gives the number of males and females entering the military manpower pool (i.e., reaching age 16) in any given year and is a measure of the availability of military-age young adults.
  • Arms imports > Constant 1990 US$ per capita: Arms transfers cover the supply of military weapons through sales, aid, gifts, and those made through manufacturing licenses. Data cover major conventional weapons such as aircraft, armored vehicles, artillery, radar systems, missiles, and ships designed for military use. Excluded are transfers of other military equipment such as small arms and light weapons, trucks, small artillery, ammunition, support equipment, technology transfers, and other services. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Manpower fit for military service > Males age 18-49 per 1000: This entry gives the number of males and females falling in the military age range for the country and who are not otherwise disqualified for health reasons; accounts for the health situation in the country and provides a more realistic estimate of the actual number fit to serve. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Manpower > Availability > Males age 15-49: The total numbers of males aged 15-49. This statistic assumes that every individual is fit to serve.
  • US military > Exports: U.S. Military Exports, for the year 1998 (in thousands of US dollars)
  • Arms imports > Constant 1990 US$ > Per capita: Arms transfers cover the supply of military weapons through sales, aid, gifts, and those made through manufacturing licenses. Data cover major conventional weapons such as aircraft, armored vehicles, artillery, radar systems, missiles, and ships designed for military use. Excluded are transfers of other military equipment such as small arms and light weapons, trucks, small artillery, ammunition, support equipment, technology transfers, and other services. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Manpower available for military service > Males age 18-49 per 1000: This entry gives the number of males and females falling in the military age range for the country and assumes that every individual is fit to serve. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Manpower reaching military age annually > Females: This entry is derived from Military > Manpower reaching military age annually, which gives the number of males and females entering the military manpower pool (i.e., reaching age 16) in any given year and is a measure of the availability of military-age young adults.
  • Manpower reaching military age annually > Females per thousand people: This entry is derived from Military > Manpower reaching military age annually, which gives the number of males and females entering the military manpower pool (i.e., reaching age 16) in any given year and is a measure of the availability of military-age young adults. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Manpower > Fit for military service > Males age 15-49: The number of males aged 15-49 fit for military service. This is a more refined measure of potential military manpower availability which tries to correct for the health situation in the country and reduces the maximum potential number to a more realistic estimate of the actual number fit to serve.
  • Manpower > Availability > Males age 15-49 per 1000: The total numbers of males aged 15-49. This statistic assumes that every individual is fit to serve. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Manpower > Fit for military service > Males per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually > Females: This entry is derived from Military > Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually, which gives the number of males and females entering the military manpower pool (i.e., reaching age 16) in any given year and is a measure of the availability of military-age young adults.
  • US military > Exports per 1000: U.S. Military Exports, for the year 1998 (in thousands of US dollars). Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Armed forces personnel > % of total labor force: Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if the training, organisation, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces. Labor force comprises all people who meet the International Labour Organisation's definition of the economically active population."
  • Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Males per 1000: The number of draft-age males and females entering the military manpower pool in any given year and is a measure of the availability of draft-age young adults. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Expenditure > % of GDP: Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.)
  • Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually > Females per thousand people: This entry is derived from Military > Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually, which gives the number of males and females entering the military manpower pool (i.e., reaching age 16) in any given year and is a measure of the availability of military-age young adults. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Manpower > Fit for military service > Males age 15-49 per 1000: The number of males aged 15-49 fit for military service. This is a more refined measure of potential military manpower availability which tries to correct for the health situation in the country and reduces the maximum potential number to a more realistic estimate of the actual number fit to serve. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Personnel > % of total labor force: Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if the training, organization, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces. Labor force comprises all people who meet the International Labour Organization's definition of the economically active population.
  • US military > Exports, % of GDP: U.S. Military Exports, for the year 1998 (in thousands of US dollars). Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
  • Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Females per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually > Males per thousand people: This entry is derived from Military > Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually, which gives the number of males and females entering the military manpower pool (i.e., reaching age 16) in any given year and is a measure of the availability of military-age young adults. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Manpower > Availability > Males per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Manpower > Fit for military service > Males age 15-49 > Per capita: The number of males aged 15-49 fit for military service. This is a more refined measure of potential military manpower availability which tries to correct for the health situation in the country and reduces the maximum potential number to a more realistic estimate of the actual number fit to serve. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Females > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Manpower > Availability > Males age 15-49 > Per capita: The total numbers of males aged 15-49. This statistic assumes that every individual is fit to serve. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Males > Per capita: The number of draft-age males and females entering the military manpower pool in any given year and is a measure of the availability of draft-age young adults. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Military expenditure > % of GDP: Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilisation, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.)"
STAT Brunei Singapore HISTORY
Armed forces personnel > Total 9,000
Ranked 129th.
167,000
Ranked 33th. 19 times more than Brunei

Branches Royal Brunei Armed Forces (RBAF): Royal Brunei Land Forces, Royal Brunei Navy, Royal Brunei Air Force (Tentera Udara Diraja Brunei) Singapore Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force (includes Air Defense)
Expenditures > Percent of GDP 4.5%
Ranked 12th.
4.9%
Ranked 15th. 9% more than Brunei
Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Males 3,223
Ranked 172nd.
27,742
Ranked 135th. 9 times more than Brunei
Manpower fit for military service > Males age 16-49 None None
Manpower reaching military age annually > Males 3,572
Ranked 172nd.
27,098
Ranked 136th. 8 times more than Brunei

Military branches Royal Brunei Armed Forces: Royal Brunei Land Forces, Royal Brunei Navy, Royal Brunei Air Force (Tentera Udara Diraja Brunei) Singapore Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force (includes Air Defense)
Military expenditure > Current LCU 482 million
Ranked 101st.
11.45 billion
Ranked 62nd. 24 times more than Brunei

Military expenditures 2.4% of GDP
Ranked 11th.
3.6% of GDP
Ranked 12th. 50% more than Brunei
Military service age and obligation 17 years of age for voluntary military service; non-Malays are ineligible to serve; recruits from the army, navy, and air force all undergo 43-week initial training 18-21 years of age for male compulsory military service; 16 1/2 years of age for volunteers; 2-year conscript service obligation, with a reserve obligation to age 40 (enlisted) or age 50 (officers)
Paramilitary personnel 2,250
Ranked 85th.
93,800
Ranked 15th. 42 times more than Brunei
Personnel 11,000
Ranked 126th.
167,000
Ranked 39th. 15 times more than Brunei

Personnel > Per capita 29.43 per 1,000 people
Ranked 4th.
38.46 per 1,000 people
Ranked 3rd. 31% more than Brunei

Service age and obligation 18 years of age (est.) for voluntary military service; non-Malays are ineligible to serve 18-21 years of age for male compulsory military service; 16 years of age for volunteers; 2-year conscript service obligation, with a reserve obligation to age 40 (enlisted) or age 50 (officers)
War deaths 0.0
Ranked 58th.
0.0
Ranked 26th.

Manpower available for military service > Males age 16-49 None 1255902
Personnel per 1000 29.91
Ranked 4th.
39.15
Ranked 3rd. 31% more than Brunei

Expenditure > Current LCU 506900000 9099750000
Imports > USD 2 million
Ranked 92nd.
1.01 billion
Ranked 6th. 507 times more than Brunei

Arms imports > Constant 1990 US$ 4 million constant 1990 US$
Ranked 89th.
423 million constant 1990 US$
Ranked 15th. 106 times more than Brunei

Expenditures 4.5% of GDP
Ranked 12th.
4.9% of GDP
Ranked 7th. 9% more than Brunei
Military expenditures > Percent of GDP 4.5% of GDP
Ranked 11th.
4.9% of GDP
Ranked 8th. 9% more than Brunei
Manpower fit for military service > Females age 16-49 99386 1087134
Manpower fit for military service > Males age 18-49 85,045
Ranked 120th.
982,368
Ranked 70th. 12 times more than Brunei
Manpower available for military service > Males age 18-49 103,885
Ranked 124th.
1.22 million
Ranked 74th. 12 times more than Brunei
Manpower reaching military age annually > Males per thousand people 8.66
Ranked 123th. 70% more than Singapore
5.1
Ranked 208th.

Manpower > Availability > Males 108,356
Ranked 165th.
1.28 million
Ranked 112th. 12 times more than Brunei

Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty > Signatures and Ratifications > Signature 22 JAN 1997 14 JAN 1999
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually > Males 3,572
Ranked 172nd.
27,098
Ranked 136th. 8 times more than Brunei
Arms imports > Constant 1990 US$ per capita 11.8 constant 1990 US$
Ranked 25th.
99.16 constant 1990 US$
Ranked 4th. 8 times more than Brunei

Manpower fit for military service > Males age 18-49 per 1000 222.96
Ranked 8th. 4% more than Singapore
214.09
Ranked 11th.
Manpower > Fit for military service > Males 91,297
Ranked 163th.
1.04 million
Ranked 109th. 11 times more than Brunei

Manpower > Availability > Males age 15-49 110,888
Ranked 163th.
1.39 million
Ranked 105th. 13 times more than Brunei

US military > Exports $21,416.00 thousand
Ranked 16th.
$239,256.00 thousand
Ranked 7th. 11 times more than Brunei
Arms imports > Constant 1990 US$ > Per capita 11.72 constant 1990 US$ per c
Ranked 25th.
97.42 constant 1990 US$ per c
Ranked 4th. 8 times more than Brunei

Manpower available for military service > Males age 18-49 per 1000 272.35
Ranked 11th. 3% more than Singapore
264.91
Ranked 14th.
Manpower reaching military age annually > Females 3,465
Ranked 173th.
25,368
Ranked 136th. 7 times more than Brunei
Manpower reaching military age annually > Females per thousand people 8.65
Ranked 122nd. 73% more than Singapore
5
Ranked 209th.
Manpower > Fit for military service > Males age 15-49 63,966
Ranked 162nd.
1.01 million
Ranked 101st. 16 times more than Brunei

Manpower > Availability > Males age 15-49 per 1000 301.48
Ranked 10th.
326.49
Ranked 5th. 8% more than Brunei

Manpower > Fit for military service > Males per 1000 235.29
Ranked 21st. 10% more than Singapore
214.61
Ranked 40th.

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually > Females 3,465
Ranked 173th.
25,368
Ranked 136th. 7 times more than Brunei
US military > Exports per 1000 $67.51 thousand
Ranked 5th. 11% more than Singapore
$60.92 thousand
Ranked 6th.
Armed forces personnel > % of total labor force 4.68%
Ranked 9th.
6.39%
Ranked 3rd. 37% more than Brunei

Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Males per 1000 8.31
Ranked 129th. 45% more than Singapore
5.73
Ranked 188th.
Expenditure > % of GDP 6.62%
Ranked 10th. 41% more than Singapore
4.68%
Ranked 7th.

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually > Females per thousand people 8.65
Ranked 121st. 73% more than Singapore
5
Ranked 207th.
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually > Female 3465 25368
Manpower > Fit for military service > Males age 15-49 per 1000 173.91
Ranked 77th.
237.35
Ranked 5th. 36% more than Brunei

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually > Male 3572 27098
Personnel > % of total labor force 6.72%
Ranked 4th.
7.54%
Ranked 3rd. 12% more than Brunei

US military > Exports, % of GDP 0.000529%
Ranked 7th. 2 times more than Singapore
0.00025%
Ranked 10th.
Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Females per 1000 8.2
Ranked 128th. 51% more than Singapore
5.44
Ranked 189th.
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually > Males per thousand people 8.59
Ranked 125th. 73% more than Singapore
4.96
Ranked 211th.
Manpower > Availability > Males per 1000 279.26
Ranked 30th. 6% more than Singapore
264.05
Ranked 60th.

Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Females 3,182
Ranked 172nd.
26,325
Ranked 135th. 8 times more than Brunei
Manpower > Fit for military service > Males age 15-49 > Per capita 0.179 per capita
Ranked 79th.
0.22 per capita
Ranked 12th. 23% more than Brunei

Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Females > Per capita 8.34 per 1,000 people
Ranked 135th. 46% more than Singapore
5.71 per 1,000 people
Ranked 203th.
Manpower > Availability > Males age 15-49 > Per capita 0.308 per capita
Ranked 11th. 1% more than Singapore
0.305 per capita
Ranked 14th.

Manpower > Reaching military age annually > Males > Per capita 8.45 per 1,000 people
Ranked 142nd. 40% more than Singapore
6.02 per 1,000 people
Ranked 205th.
Military expenditure > % of GDP 2.66%
Ranked 33th.
4.32%
Ranked 10th. 62% more than Brunei

SOURCES: International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance.; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Yearbook: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security.; Wikipedia: List of countries by number of military and paramilitary personnel (The list); World Development Indicators database; Uppsala Conflict Data Program, http://www.pcr.uu.se/research/ucdp/.; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbook, 14 June, 2007; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty; CIA World Factbook, 14 June, 2007. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbook, 28 July 2005; Study by David Lochhead and James Morrell; available from the Center for International Policy; CIA World Factbook, 28 July 2005. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Study by David Lochhead and James Morrell; available from the Center for International Policy. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Study by David Lochhead and James Morrell; available from the Center for International Policy. GDP figures sourced from World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.

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