Compare key data on Canada & Pitcairn Islands

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Geography > Area > Comparative: The area of various small countries expressed in comparison to various areas within the United States of America.
Geography > Area > Land: Total land area in square kilometres
Geography > Area > Total: Total area in square kilometers
Geography > Climate: A brief description of typical weather regimes throughout the year.
Geography > Geographic coordinates: This entry includes rounded latitude and longitude figures for the purpose of finding the approximate geographic center of an entity and is based on the Gazetteer of Conventional Names, Third Edition, August 1988, US Board on Geographic Names and on other sources.
Government > Constitution: The dates of adoption, revisions, and major amendments to a nation's constitution
Government > Government type: A description of the basic form of government (e.g., republic, constitutional monarchy, federal republic, parliamentary democracy, military dictatorship).
Government > Judicial branch: The name(s) of the highest court(s) and a brief description of the selection process for members.
Government > Legal system: A brief description of the legal system's historical roots, role in government, and acceptance of International Court of Justice (ICJ) jurisdiction.
Government > Legislative branch: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
Government > Suffrage: The age at enfranchisement and whether the right to vote is universal or restricted
People > Birth rate: The average annual number of births during a year per 1,000 persons in the population at midyear; also known as crude birth rate. The birth rate is usually the dominant factor in determining the rate of population growth. It depends on both the level of fertility and the age structure of the population.
People > Ethnic groups: This entry provides a rank ordering of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population.
People > Population: Population, total refers to the total population.
Religion > Religions: This entry includes a rank ordering of religions by adherents starting with the largest group and sometimes includes the percent of total population.
Economy > Budget > Revenues: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms
Government > Political parties and leaders: Significant political organizations and their leaders.
Economy > Economy > Overview: This entry briefly describes the type of economy, including the degree of market orientation, the level of economic development, the most important natural resources, and the unique areas of specialization. It also characterizes major economic events and policy changes in the most recent 12 months and may include a statement about one or two key future macroeconomic trends.
Government > Executive branch > Cabinet: Cabinet includes the official name for any body of high-ranking advisers roughly comparable to a U.S. Cabinet. Also notes the method for selection of members.
People > Death rate: The average annual number of deaths during a year per 1,000 population at midyear; also known as crude death rate. The death rate, while only a rough indicator of the mortality situation in a country, accurately indicates the current mortality impact on population growth. This indicator is significantly affected by age distribution, and most countries will eventually show a rise in the overall death rate, in spite of continued decline in mortality at all ages, as declining fertility results in an aging population.
Government > Political pressure groups and leaders: Organizations with leaders involved in politics, but not standing for legislative election.
Geography > Natural resources: A country's mineral, petroleum, hydropower, and other resources of commercial importance.
People > Population growth rate: The average annual percent change in the population, resulting from a surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths and the balance of migrants entering and leaving a country. The rate may be positive or negative. The growth rate is a factor in determining how great a burden would be imposed on a country by the changing needs of its people for infrastructure (e.g., schools, hospitals, housing, roads), resources (e.g., food, water, electricity), and jobs. Rapid population growth can be seen as threatening by neighboring countries.
Geography > Area > Land > Per capita: Total land area in square kilometres Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Language > Languages: A rank ordering of languages starting with the largest and sometimes includes the percent of total population speaking that language.
Government > Administrative divisions: This entry generally gives the numbers, designatory terms, and first-order administrative divisions as approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN). Changes that have been reported but not yet acted on by BGN are noted.
Religion > Religions > All: This entry includes a rank ordering of religions by adherents starting with the largest group and sometimes includes the percent of total population.
People > Population in 2015: (Thousands) Medium-variant projections.
Geography > Terrain: A brief description of the topography
Geography > Location: The country's regional location, neighboring countries, and adjacent bodies of water.
Labor > Labor force > By occupation: Component parts of the labor force by occupation.
Government > Executive branch > Head of government: Head of government includes the name and title of the top administrative leader who is designated to manage the day-to-day activities of the government. For example, in the UK, the monarch is the chief of state, and the prime minister is the head of government. In the US, the president is both the chief of state and the head of government.
Geography > Coastline: The total length of the boundary between the land area (including islands) and the sea.
Labor > Labor force: The total labor force figure
Environment > Current issues: This entry lists the most pressing and important environmental problems. The following terms and abbreviations are used throughout the entry:
Government > Executive branch > Chief of state: The name and title of any person or role roughly equivalent to a U.S. Chief of State. This means the titular leader of the country who represents the state at official and ceremonial functions but may not be involved with the day-to-day activities of the government
Government > Capital city > Name: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
Government > Capital city > Geographic coordinates: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
Government > International organization participation: This entry lists in alphabetical order by abbreviation those international organizations in which the subject country is a member or participates in some other way.
Geography > Area > Water: Total water area in square kilometers
Transport > Airports: Total number of airports. Runways must be useable, but may be unpaved. May not have facilities for refuelling, maintenance, or air traffic control.
Geography > Area > Comparative to US places: This entry provides an area comparison based on total area equivalents. Most entities are compared with the entire US or one of the 50 states based on area measurements (1990 revised) provided by the US Bureau of the Census. The smaller entities are compared with Washington, DC (178 sq km, 69 sq mi) or The Mall in Washington, DC (0.59 sq km, 0.23 sq mi, 146 acres).
Economy > Fiscal year: The beginning and ending months for a country's accounting period of 12 months, which often is the calendar year but which may begin in any month. All yearly references are for the calendar year (CY) unless indicated as a noncalendar fiscal year (FY).
People > Nationality > Noun: The noun which identifies citizens of the nation
Geography > Elevation extremes > Highest point: Highest point above sea level
Agriculture > Products: Major agricultural crops and products
Economy > Exports > Commodities: This entry provides a listing of the highest-valued exported products; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
Religion > Seventh-day Adventist Membership: This entry lists Seventh-day Adventist membership worldwide as of 2004. Membership is defined as baptised and active.
Government > Country name > Conventional long form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
Transport > Highways > Total > Per capita: total length of the highway system Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
People > Cities > Urban population: Total population living in urban areas. The defition of an urban area differs for each country. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Geography > Land use > Arable land: The percentage of used land that is arable. Arable land is land cultivated for crops that are replanted after each harvest like wheat, maize, and rice
People > Nationality > Adjective: This entry is derived from People > Nationality, which provides the identifying terms for citizens - noun and adjective.
Media > Radio broadcast stations: The total number of AM, FM, and shortwave broadcast stations.
Government > Executive branch > Elections: Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election
Economy > Budget > Expenditures: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms
Economy > Budget > Revenues > Per capita: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Geography > Natural hazards: Potential natural disasters.
Government > Flag description: A written flag description produced from actual flags or the best information available at the time the entry was written. The flags of independent states are used by their dependencies unless there is an officially recognized local flag. Some disputed and other areas do not have flags.
Geography > Maritime claims > Territorial sea: territorial sea - the sovereignty of a coastal State extends beyond its land territory and internal waters to an adjacent belt of sea, described as the territorial sea in the LOS Convention (Part II); this sovereignty extends to the air space over the territorial sea as well as its underlying seabed and subsoil; every State has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles. A full and definitive definition can be found in the Law of the Sea (LOS) Convention.
Media > Telephones > Main lines in use > Per capita: The total number of main telephone lines in use. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.

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STAT	Canada	Pitcairn Islands
Geography > Area > Comparative	slightly larger than the US	about three tenths the size of Washington, DC
Geography > Area > Land	9.09 million sq km Ranked 5th. 193479 times more than Pitcairn Islands	47 sq km Ranked 4th.
Geography > Area > Total	9.98 million sq km Ranked 3rd. 212440 times more than Pitcairn Islands	47 sq km Ranked 232nd.
Geography > Climate	varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in north	tropical; hot and humid; modified by southeast trade winds; rainy season (November to March)
Geography > Geographic coordinates	60 00 N, 95 00 W	25 04 S, 130 06 W
Government > Constitution	made up of unwritten and written acts, customs, judicial decisions, and traditions; the written part of the constitution consists of the Constitution Act of 29 March 1867, which created a federation of four provinces, and the Constitution Act of 17 April 1982, which transferred formal control over the constitution from Britain to Canada, and added a Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms as well as procedures for constitutional amendments	The Pitcairn Constitution Order 2010, effective 4 March 2010
Government > Government type	a parliamentary democracy, a federation, and a constitutional monarchy	NA
Government > Judicial branch	Supreme Court of Canada (judges are appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister); Federal Court of Canada; Federal Court of Appeal; Tax Court of Canada; Provincial/Territorial Courts (these are named variously Court of Appeal, Court of Queen's Bench, Superior Court, Supreme Court, and Court of Justice)	Magistrate's Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; judicial officers are appointed by the governor
Government > Legal system	common law system except in Quebec where civil law based on the French civil code prevails	local island by-laws
Government > Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament or Parlement consists of the Senate or Senat	unicameral Island Council
Government > Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal with three years residency
People > Birth rate	10.28 births/1,000 population Ranked 187th.	-9 births/1,000 population Ranked 226th.
People > Ethnic groups	British Isles origin 28%, French origin 23%, other European 15%, Amerindian 2%, other, mostly Asian, African, Arab 6%, mixed background 26%	descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian wives
People > Population	34.57 million Ranked 37th. 531819 times more than Pitcairn Islands	65 Ranked 234th.
Religion > Religions	Roman Catholic 42.6%, Protestant 23.3% (including United Church 9.5%, Anglican 6.8%, Baptist 2.4%, Lutheran 2%), other Christian 4.4%, Muslim 1.9%, other and unspecified 11.8%, none 16%	-
Economy > Budget > Revenues	$690.30 billion Ranked 9th. 925335 times more than Pitcairn Islands	$746,000.00 Ranked 221st.
Government > Political parties and leaders	Bloc Quebecois [Daniel PAILLE]<br />Conservative Party of Canada [Stephen HARPER]<br />Green Party [Elizabeth MAY]<br />Liberal Party [Justin TRUDEAU]<br />New Democratic Party or NDP [Thomas MULCAIR]	none
Economy > Economy > Overview	As a high-tech industrial society in the trillion-dollar class, Canada resembles the US in its market-oriented economic system, pattern of production, and affluent living standards. Since World War II, the impressive growth of the manufacturing, mining, and service sectors has transformed the nation from a largely rural economy into one primarily industrial and urban. The 1989 US-Canada Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) (which includes Mexico) touched off a dramatic increase in trade and economic integration with the US its principal trading partner. Canada enjoys a substantial trade surplus with the US, which absorbs about three-fourths of Canadian exports each year. Canada is the US's largest foreign supplier of energy, including oil, gas, uranium, and electric power. Given its great natural resources, highly skilled labor force, and modern capital plant, Canada enjoyed solid economic growth from 1993 through 2007. Buffeted by the global economic crisis, the economy dropped into a sharp recession in the final months of 2008, and Ottawa posted its first fiscal deficit in 2009 after 12 years of surplus. Canada's major banks, however, emerged from the financial crisis of 2008-09 among the strongest in the world, owing to the financial sector's tradition of conservative lending practices and strong capitalization. Canada achieved marginal growth in 2010-12 and plans to balance the budget by 2015. In addition, the country's petroleum sector is rapidly becoming an even larger economic driver with Alberta's oil sands significantly boosting Canada's proven oil reserves, ranking the country third in the world behind Saudi Arabia and Venezuela.	The inhabitants of this tiny isolated economy exist on fishing, subsistence farming, handicrafts, and postage stamps. The fertile soil of the valleys produces a wide variety of fruits and vegetables, including citrus, sugarcane, watermelons, bananas, yams, and beans. Bartering is an important part of the economy. The major sources of revenue are the sale of postage stamps to collectors and the sale of handicrafts to passing ships.
Government > Executive branch > Cabinet	Federal Ministry chosen by the prime minister usually from among the members of his own party sitting in Parliament	NA
People > Death rate	8.2 deaths/1,000 population Ranked 92nd.	-9 deaths/1,000 population Ranked 226th.
Government > Political pressure groups and leaders	<strong>other: </strong>agricultural sector; automobile industry; business groups; chemical industry; commercial banks; communications sector; energy industry; environmentalists; public administration groups; steel industry; trade unions	none
Geography > Natural resources	iron ore, nickel, zinc, copper, gold, lead, rare earth elements, molybdenum, potash, diamonds, silver, fish, timber, wildlife, coal, petroleum, natural gas, hydropower	miro trees (used for handicrafts), fish
People > Population growth rate	0.77% Ranked 137th.	0.0 Ranked 192nd.
Geography > Area > Land > Per capita	273.8 sq km per 1,000 people Ranked 13th.	979.17 sq km per 1,000 people Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Canada
Language > Languages	English (official) 59.3%, French (official) 23.2%, other 17.5%	English (official), Pitkern (mixture of an 18th century English dialect and a Tahitian dialect)
Government > Administrative divisions	10 provinces and 3 territories; Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Religion > Religions > All	Roman Catholic 42.6%, Protestant 23.3% (including United Church 9.5%, Anglican 6.8%, Baptist 2.4%, Lutheran 2%), other Christian 4.4%, Muslim 1.9%, other and unspecified 11.8%, none 16% (2001 census)	Seventh-Day Adventist 100%
People > Population in 2015	35,051 thousand Ranked 40th.	0.0 Ranked 223th.
Geography > Terrain	mostly plains with mountains in west and lowlands in southeast	rugged volcanic formation; rocky coastline with cliffs
Geography > Location	Northern North America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean on the east, North Pacific Ocean on the west, and the Arctic Ocean on the north, north of the conterminous US	Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about midway between Peru and New Zealand
Labor > Labor force > By occupation	agriculture 2%, manufacturing 13%, construction 6%, services 76%, other 3%	no business community in the usual sense; some public works; subsistence farming and fishing
Government > Executive branch > Head of government	Prime Minister Stephen Joseph HARPER (since 6 February 2006)	Mayor and Chairman of the Island Council Shawn CHRISTIAN (since 13 November 2013)
Geography > Coastline	202,080 km Ranked 1st. 3962 times more than Pitcairn Islands	51 km Ranked 179th.
Labor > Labor force	18.59 million Ranked 29th. 1239333 times more than Pitcairn Islands	15 Ranked 27th.
Environment > Current issues	air pollution and resulting acid rain severely affecting lakes and damaging forests; metal smelting, coal-burning utilities, and vehicle emissions impacting on agricultural and forest productivity; ocean waters becoming contaminated due to agricultural, industrial, mining, and forestry activities	deforestation (only a small portion of the original forest remains because of burning and clearing for settlement)
Government > Executive branch > Chief of state	Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Michaelle JEAN (since 27 September 2005)	Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by UK High Commissioner to New Zealand and Governor (nonresident) of the Pitcairn Islands Victoria M. TREADELL (since May 2010); Commissioner (nonresident) Leslie JAQUES (since September 2003) serves as liaison between the governor and the Island Council
Government > Capital city > Name	Ottawa	Adamstown
Government > Capital city > Geographic coordinates	45 25 N, 75 42 W	25 04 S, 130 05 W
Government > International organization participation	ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), APEC, Arctic Council, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CD, CDB, CE (observer), EAPC, EBRD, EITI (implementing country), FAO, FATF, G-20, G-7, G-8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUSCO, NAFTA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS, OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC	SPC, UPU
Geography > Area > Water	891,163 sq km Ranked 1st.	0.0 Ranked 213th.
Media > Broadcast media	2 m	satellite TV from Fiji-based Sky Pacific offering a wide range of international channels
Transport > Airports	1,467 Ranked 4th.	0.0 Ranked 242nd.
Geography > Area > Comparative to US places	somewhat larger than the US	about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Economy > Fiscal year	1	1
People > Nationality > Noun	Canadian(s)	Pitcairn Islander(s)
Geography > Elevation extremes > Highest point	Mount Logan 5,959 m	Big Ridge 347 m
Agriculture > Products	wheat, barley, oilseed, tobacco, fruits, vegetables; dairy products; forest products; fish	honey; wide variety of fruits and vegetables; goats, chickens, fish
Economy > Exports > Commodities	motor vehicles and parts, industrial machinery, aircraft, telecommunications equipment; chemicals, plastics, fertilizers; wood pulp, timber, crude petroleum, natural gas, electricity, aluminum	fruits, vegetables, curios, stamps
Religion > Seventh-day Adventist Membership	53,797 Ranked 45th. 2445 times more than Pitcairn Islands	22 Ranked 199th.
Government > Country name > Conventional long form	none	Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno Islands
Transport > Highways > Total > Per capita	44.92 km per 1,000 people Ranked 1st.	139.13 km per 1,000 people Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Canada
People > Cities > Urban population	85,136 Ranked 49th.	0.0 Ranked 225th.
Geography > Land use > Arable land	4.3% Ranked 156th.	0.0 Ranked 234th.
People > Nationality > Adjective	Canadian	Pitcairn Islander
Media > Radio broadcast stations	AM 245, FM 582, shortwave 6	AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (15 Ham radio operators (VP6))
Government > Executive branch > Elections	the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister for a five-year term; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition in the House of Commons generally designated prime minister by the governor general	the monarchy is hereditary; governor and commissioner appointed by the monarch; island mayor elected by popular vote for a three-year term; election last held in November 2013 (next to be held not later than December 2016)
Economy > Budget > Expenditures	$748.90 billion Ranked 9th. 728502 times more than Pitcairn Islands	$1.03 million Ranked 149th.
Economy > Budget > Revenues > Per capita	$17,049.94 per capita Ranked 17th. 10% more than Pitcairn Islands	$15,529.45 per capita Ranked 7th.
Geography > Natural hazards	continuous permafrost in north is a serious obstacle to development; cyclonic storms form east of the Rocky Mountains, a result of the mixing of air masses from the Arctic, Pacific, and North American interior, and produce most of the country's rain and snow east of the mountains	typhoons (especially November to March)
Government > Flag description	two vertical bands of red (hoist and fly side, half width) with white square between them; an 11-pointed red maple leaf is centered in the white square; the maple leaf has long been a Canadian symbol; the official colors of Canada are red and white	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Pitcairn Islander coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the green, yellow, and blue of the shield represents the island rising from the ocean; the green field features a yellow anchor surmounted by a bible (both the anchor and the bible were items found on the HMS Bounty); sitting on the crest is a Pitcairn Island wheelbarrow from which springs a slip of miro (a local plant)
Geography > Maritime claims > Territorial sea	12 nautical mile Ranked 178th. 4 times more than Pitcairn Islands	3 nautical mile Ranked 195th.
Media > Telephones > Main lines in use > Per capita	645.03 per 1,000 people Ranked 6th. 30 times more than Pitcairn Islands	21.74 per 1,000 people Ranked 35th.

SOURCES: CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbook, 22 August 2006; Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision and World Urbanization Prospects: http://esa.un.org/unpp; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 25 March 2010.; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; adventiststatistics.org 2004 Annual Report 31 December 2004; United Nations Population Division. Source tables

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