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Crime Stats: compare key data on Japan & Philippines

Definitions

  • Age of criminal responsibility: The age at which a person is no longer excluded from criminal liability.  The lowest age is indicated for countries where there isn’t a single age limit, for example where different states have different regulations (such as the USA) or there is different limits for boy and girls (such as in Iran). The spectrum is specifically wide for the USA and Mexico (both 6-12 years). Several US states do not stipulate any minimal age for criminal responsibility at all. For further qualifications, exceptions and other notes, please refer to notes.
  • Assault rate: Number of assaults recorded by police per 100,000 population
  • Crime levels: Level of crime. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How serious you feel the level of crime is?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Drugs > Annual cannabis use: Estimate of percentage of 15-64 year old population who use Cannabis.
  • Murder rate: Homicide rate per year per 100,000 inhabitants in various countries.
  • Police officers: Number of police officers per 100,000 population.
  • Rape rate: Number of rape incidents per 100,000 citizens in different countries. Figures do not take into account rape incidents that go unreported to the police.
  • Total crimes: Note: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Total crimes per 1000: Note: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents: Number of privately owned small firearms per 100 residents.
  • Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate: Homicides per 100’000 residents. Homicide is the death of a person purposefully inflicted by another person (it excludes suicides) outside of a state of war. Homicide is a broader category than murder, as it also includes manslaughter. The exact legal definition varies across countries, some of which include infanticide, assisted suicide, euthanasia and deaths caused by dangerous driving.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Violent crime > Rapes: The number of recorded rapes. Large numbers of rapes go unreported. South Africa is estimated to have 500,000 rapes per year, Egypt 200,000, China 32,000 and the UK with 85,000 rapes per year.
  • Violent crime > Rapes per million people: The number of recorded rapes. Large numbers of rapes go unreported. South Africa is estimated to have 500,000 rapes per year, Egypt 200,000, China 32,000 and the UK with 85,000 rapes per year. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Murders with firearms per million: Total recorded intentional homicides committed with a firearm. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year): Year of last use.
  • Violent crime > Murders per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Violent crime > Murders: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Rapes > Per capita: Number of sexual assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Robberies: Number of robberies recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years: Crime increasing in the past 3 years. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "In the past three years would you say the level of crime in your community has increased, stayed about the same, or decreased?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Violent hate crime: Worries being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night: Safety walking alone during night. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the night?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Kidnappings: Number of kidnappings recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Murders with firearms: Total recorded intentional homicides committed with a firearm. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Prisoners: Total persons incarcerated
  • Assaults: Number of assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery: Problem violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Murders > WHO: Intentional homicide rate is the estimate of intentional homicides in a country as a result of domestic disputes that end in a killing, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, inter-gang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. The term, intentional homicide, is broad, but it does not include all intentional killing. In particular, deaths arising from armed conflict are usually considered separately. The difference is usually described by the organisation of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas the killing in armed conflict is usually committed by more or less cohesive groups of up to several hundred members. Two main sources of data are presented: criminal justice (law enforcement) measures (this series), supplemented by data from national statistical agencies, and measures from public health sources (see other intentional homicide series). These various sources measure slightly different phenomena and are therefore unlikely to provide identical numbers."
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day: Safety walking alone during daylight. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the daylight?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Serious assault rate: Number of major assaults recorded by police per 100,000 population
  • Prisoners > Per capita: Data for 2003. Number of prisoners held per 100,000 population.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked: Worries attacked. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being physically attacked by strangers?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Software piracy rate: The piracy rate is the total number of units of pirated software deployed in 2007 divided by the total units of software installed.
  • Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft: Problem property crimes such as vandalism and theft. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) property crimes such as vandalism and theft?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Perceived problems > Illegal drugs: Problem people using or dealing drugs. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) people using or dealing drugs?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery: Problem corruption and bribery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) corruption and bribery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted: Worries being insulted. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being insulted or pestered by anybody, while in the street or any other public place?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed: Worries being mugged or robbed. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being mugged and robbed?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Serious assaults: Number of major assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Prisoners per 1000: Total persons incarcerated. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Murders committed by youths: Homicide rates among youths aged 10–29 years by country or area: most recent year available (variable 1990–1999).
  • Drug related crime: Number of drug related crimes recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Judges: Number of professional judges per 100,000 population.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter: Worries home broken and things stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How worried are you about....having your home broken into and something stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Prisoners > Female: Female prisoners, expressed as a percentage share of the total prison population. Data for 2003.
  • Human trafficking > Number prosecuted: Number of people prosecuted for tracking in persons (people smuggling) by country.
  • Drugs > HIV infections amongst drug users: Percentage of injecting drug users who are HIV positive.
  • Murders committed by youths per million: Homicide rates among youths aged 10–29 years by country or area: most recent year available (variable 1990–1999). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen: Worries things from car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having things stolen from your car?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Human trafficking > Number prosecuted per million: Number of people prosecuted for tracking in persons (people smuggling) by country. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen: Worries car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having your car stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Prison staff: Number of correction staff in adult prisons per 100,000 population.
  • Jails: Total number of adult prisons, penal or correctional institutions (excluding temporary jail lock-ups). Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Murders committed by youths per capita: Homicide rate per 100,000 population aged 10–29 years
  • Manslaughters: Total recorded non-intentional homicides. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Prisoners > Foreign prisoners: Prisoners who are foreign nationals, expressed as a percentage share of total prison population. Data for 2003.
  • Prisoners > Share of prison capacity filled: The percentage of the offical prison capacity filled. This is obtained by comparing the number of prisoners in a nation to the offical capacity of the nation's prison system. Data for 2003.
  • Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses: Number of organised crime gang participation offences recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses per million: Number of organised crime gang participation offences recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Jails per million: Total number of adult prisons, penal or correctional institutions (excluding temporary jail lock-ups). Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Prisoners > Pre-trial detainees: The percentage of the prison population that is being held pre-trial / on remand. Data for 2003.
  • Unpaid diplomatic parking fines: Average Unpaid Annual New York City Parking Violations per Diplomat, 11/1997 to 11/2002.
  • Manslaughters per million: Total recorded non-intentional homicides. Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Police recorded offences per million: Number of offences relating to smuggling of migrants (people smuggling) as recorded by police in that country. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Unpaid diplomatic parking fines per million: Average Unpaid Annual New York City Parking Violations per Diplomat, 11/1997 to 11/2002. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Police recorded offences: Number of offences relating to smuggling of migrants (people smuggling) as recorded by police in that country.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Convictions: Number of people convicted for smuggling migrants by country.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Number prosecuted per million: Number of people prosecuted for smuggling migrants by country. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Number prosecuted: Number of people prosecuted for smuggling migrants by country.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Convictions per million: Number of people convicted for smuggling migrants by country. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
STAT Japan Philippines HISTORY
Age of criminal responsibility 12
Ranked 37th.
15
Ranked 13th. 25% more than Japan
Assault rate 51
Ranked 56th. 510 times more than Philippines
0.1
Ranked 93th.
Crime levels 12.8
Ranked 18th.
45.4
Ranked 48th. 4 times more than Japan
Drugs > Annual cannabis use 0.1%
Ranked 7th.
0.8%
Ranked 23th. 8 times more than Japan
Murder rate 1.02 6.4
Police officers 199.8
Ranked 23th. 34% more than Philippines
149.1
Ranked 11th.
Rape rate 1
Ranked 52nd.
6.3
Ranked 37th. 6 times more than Japan

Total crimes 2.85 million
Ranked 6th. 33 times more than Philippines
85,776
Ranked 47th.
Total crimes per 1000 22.39
Ranked 36th. 21 times more than Philippines
1.06
Ranked 79th.
Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents 0.6
Ranked 158th.
4.7
Ranked 100th. 8 times more than Japan
Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate 0.35
Ranked 44th.
5.4
Ranked 34th. 15 times more than Japan

Violent crime > Murder rate 506
Ranked 45th.
4,947
Ranked 13th. 10 times more than Japan

Violent crime > Murder rate per million people 3.97
Ranked 111th.
53.84
Ranked 45th. 14 times more than Japan

Violent crime > Rapes 1,289
Ranked 18th.
5,813
Ranked 10th. 5 times more than Japan

Violent crime > Rapes per million people 10.11
Ranked 52nd.
63.26
Ranked 37th. 6 times more than Japan

Murders with firearms per million 0.369
Ranked 43th.
95.21
Ranked 6th. 258 times more than Japan
Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year) 2,013
Ranked 13th. 1% more than Philippines
1,999
Ranked 31st.

Violent crime > Murders per million people 3.97
Ranked 111th.
53.84
Ranked 45th. 14 times more than Japan

Violent crime > Murders 506
Ranked 45th.
4,947
Ranked 13th. 10 times more than Japan

Rapes > Per capita 0.014 per 1,000 people
Ranked 45th.
0.025 per 1,000 people
Ranked 37th. 79% more than Japan
Robberies 4
Ranked 63th.
8.4
Ranked 60th. 2 times more than Japan
Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years 47.56
Ranked 16th. 4% more than Philippines
45.69
Ranked 88th.
Fear of crime > Violent hate crime 23.72
Ranked 13th. 13% more than Philippines
20.98
Ranked 69th.
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night 87.8
Ranked 1st. 62% more than Philippines
54.05
Ranked 45th.
Kidnappings 0.15
Ranked 46th. 5 times more than Philippines
0.03
Ranked 54th.
Murders with firearms 47
Ranked 28th.
7,708
Ranked 5th. 164 times more than Japan
Prisoners 69,502 prisoners
Ranked 19th.
70,383 prisoners
Ranked 18th. 1% more than Japan
Assaults 51
Ranked 41st. 510 times more than Philippines
0.1
Ranked 12th.
Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery 13.75
Ranked 18th.
45.18
Ranked 34th. 3 times more than Japan
Murders > WHO 0.5
Ranked 180th.
11.9
Ranked 56th. 24 times more than Japan
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day 90.24
Ranked 2nd. 21% more than Philippines
74.86
Ranked 61st.

Serious assault rate 26.7
Ranked 32nd.
0.0
Ranked 78th.
United States extradition treaties > Entered into force March 26, 1980 November 22, 1996
Prisoners > Per capita 54 per 100,000 people
Ranked 126th.
94 per 100,000 people
Ranked 96th. 74% more than Japan
Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked 15.79
Ranked 17th.
41.86
Ranked 44th. 3 times more than Japan
Software piracy rate 23%
Ranked 103th.
69%
Ranked 43th. 3 times more than Japan
Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft 18.13
Ranked 18th.
47.32
Ranked 54th. 3 times more than Japan
Perceived problems > Illegal drugs 14.37
Ranked 18th.
45.74
Ranked 46th. 3 times more than Japan
Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery 27.14
Ranked 16th.
55.19
Ranked 63th. 2 times more than Japan
Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted 24.38
Ranked 14th.
30.09
Ranked 73th. 23% more than Japan
Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed 11.88
Ranked 18th.
47.79
Ranked 39th. 4 times more than Japan
Serious assaults 26.7
Ranked 20th.
0.0
Ranked 10th.
Prisoners per 1000 0.545 prisoners
Ranked 129th.
0.869 prisoners
Ranked 100th. 59% more than Japan
Murders committed by youths 127
Ranked 32nd.
3,252
Ranked 6th. 26 times more than Japan
Drug related crime 17
Ranked 51st. 3 times more than Philippines
5
Ranked 61st.
Judges 2.6%
Ranked 40th. 4% more than Philippines
2.5%
Ranked 41st.

Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter 16.25
Ranked 18th.
45.18
Ranked 47th. 3 times more than Japan
Prisoners > Female 5.7%
Ranked 33th. 43% more than Philippines
4%
Ranked 70th.
Human trafficking > Number prosecuted 17
Ranked 17th. 17 times more than Philippines
1
Ranked 31st.

Drugs > HIV infections amongst drug users 0.03%
Ranked 60th.
13.56%
Ranked 16th. 452 times more than Japan

Murders committed by youths per million 1
Ranked 66th.
42.78
Ranked 12th. 43 times more than Japan
Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen 14.74
Ranked 18th.
43.75
Ranked 64th. 3 times more than Japan
Human trafficking > Number prosecuted per million 0.133
Ranked 31st. 12 times more than Philippines
0.0114
Ranked 32nd.

Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen 11.25
Ranked 18th.
40.18
Ranked 46th. 4 times more than Japan
Prison staff 12.8%
Ranked 48th. 19% more than Philippines
10.8%
Ranked 50th.

Jails 181
Ranked 16th. 26 times more than Philippines
7
Ranked 70th.
Murders committed by youths per capita 0.4
Ranked 57th.
12.2
Ranked 11th. 30 times more than Japan
Manslaughters 193
Ranked 22nd.
2,592
Ranked 6th. 13 times more than Japan
Prisoners > Foreign prisoners 6.5%
Ranked 42nd. 11 times more than Philippines
0.6%
Ranked 76th.
Prisoners > Share of prison capacity filled 106.5%
Ranked 84th.
156.4%
Ranked 28th. 47% more than Japan
Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses 72
Ranked 14th. 72 times more than Philippines
1
Ranked 49th.

Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses per million 0.564
Ranked 42nd. 49 times more than Philippines
0.0114
Ranked 51st.

Jails per million 1.42
Ranked 73th. 16 times more than Philippines
0.0865
Ranked 79th.
Prisoners > Pre-trial detainees 17.3%
Ranked 115th.
38.2%
Ranked 53th. 2 times more than Japan
Unpaid diplomatic parking fines 0.0
Ranked 123th.
11.5
Ranked 53th.
Manslaughters per million 1.51
Ranked 61st.
32.02
Ranked 10th. 21 times more than Japan
United States extradition treaties > Date signed March 3, 1978<br>August 5, 2003 November 13, 1994
Smuggling of migrants > Police recorded offences per million 0.227
Ranked 46th.
0.0
Ranked 52nd.

Unpaid diplomatic parking fines per million 0.0
Ranked 121st.
0.142
Ranked 103th.
Smuggling of migrants > Police recorded offences 29
Ranked 32nd.
0.0
Ranked 54th.

Smuggling of migrants > Convictions 12
Ranked 19th. 12 times more than Philippines
1
Ranked 33th.

Smuggling of migrants > Number prosecuted per million 0.564
Ranked 35th. 49 times more than Philippines
0.0114
Ranked 42nd.

Smuggling of migrants > Number prosecuted 72
Ranked 9th. 72 times more than Philippines
1
Ranked 40th.

Smuggling of migrants > Convictions per million 0.0939
Ranked 33th. 8 times more than Philippines
0.0114
Ranked 34th.

SOURCES: Wikipedia: Defense of infancy (Ages of criminal responsibility by country); European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011; crime; https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/WDR2011/World_Drug_Report_2011_ebook.pdf, World Drug Report 2011, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), 2011, p. 217.; UN Crime Stats; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention); The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Annexe I of the Small Arms Survey 2007 ; Wikipedia: List of countries by intentional homicide rate by decade; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Statistics : Crime : Sexual Violence (UNODC) and Crime Statistics : Sexual Violence Against Children and Rape, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime; Statistics : Crime : Sexual Violence (UNODC) and Crime Statistics : Sexual Violence Against Children and Rape, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Capital punishment in Europe (Abolition); European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011; World Health Organisation.; Wikipedia: List of United States extradition treaties; International Centre for Prison Studies - World Prison Brief; Fifth Annual BSA and IDC Global Software Piracy Study; World Health Organization: World report on violence and health, 2002; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Source tables; World Health Organization: World report on violence and health, 2002. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention); Cultures of Corruption: Evidence from Diplomatic Parking Tickets Ray Fisman Edward Miguel Columbia University and NBER University of California, Berkeley and NBER 2006; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Cultures of Corruption: Evidence from Diplomatic Parking Tickets Ray Fisman Edward Miguel Columbia University and NBER University of California, Berkeley and NBER 2006. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.

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