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Crime Stats: compare key data on Mongolia & Philippines

Definitions

  • Assault rate: Number of assaults recorded by police per 100,000 population
  • Crime levels: Level of crime. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How serious you feel the level of crime is?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year): Year of last use.
  • Murder rate: Homicide rate per year per 100,000 inhabitants in various countries.
  • Rape rate: Number of rape incidents per 100,000 citizens in different countries. Figures do not take into account rape incidents that go unreported to the police.
  • Rapes > Per capita: Number of sexual assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Robberies: Number of robberies recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents: Number of privately owned small firearms per 100 residents.
  • Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate: Homicides per 100’000 residents. Homicide is the death of a person purposefully inflicted by another person (it excludes suicides) outside of a state of war. Homicide is a broader category than murder, as it also includes manslaughter. The exact legal definition varies across countries, some of which include infanticide, assisted suicide, euthanasia and deaths caused by dangerous driving.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Violent crime > Murders: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murders per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Violent crime > Rapes: The number of recorded rapes. Large numbers of rapes go unreported. South Africa is estimated to have 500,000 rapes per year, Egypt 200,000, China 32,000 and the UK with 85,000 rapes per year.
  • Violent crime > Rapes per million people: The number of recorded rapes. Large numbers of rapes go unreported. South Africa is estimated to have 500,000 rapes per year, Egypt 200,000, China 32,000 and the UK with 85,000 rapes per year. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years: Crime increasing in the past 3 years. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "In the past three years would you say the level of crime in your community has increased, stayed about the same, or decreased?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Violent hate crime: Worries being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night: Safety walking alone during night. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the night?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Kidnappings: Number of kidnappings recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Murders > Per 100,000 people: Intentional homicide rate is the estimate of intentional homicides in a country as a result of domestic disputes that end in a killing, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, inter-gang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. The term, intentional homicide, is broad, but it does not include all intentional killing. In particular, deaths arising from armed conflict are usually considered separately. The difference is usually described by the organisation of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas the killing in armed conflict is usually committed by more or less cohesive groups of up to several hundred members. Two main sources of data are presented: criminal justice (law enforcement) measures (this series), supplemented by data from national statistical agencies, and measures from public health sources (see other intentional homicide series). These various sources measure slightly different phenomena and are therefore unlikely to provide identical numbers."
  • Prisoners: Total persons incarcerated
  • Assaults: Number of assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery: Problem violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Murders > WHO: Intentional homicide rate is the estimate of intentional homicides in a country as a result of domestic disputes that end in a killing, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, inter-gang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. The term, intentional homicide, is broad, but it does not include all intentional killing. In particular, deaths arising from armed conflict are usually considered separately. The difference is usually described by the organisation of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas the killing in armed conflict is usually committed by more or less cohesive groups of up to several hundred members. Two main sources of data are presented: criminal justice (law enforcement) measures (this series), supplemented by data from national statistical agencies, and measures from public health sources (see other intentional homicide series). These various sources measure slightly different phenomena and are therefore unlikely to provide identical numbers."
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day: Safety walking alone during daylight. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the daylight?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Serious assault rate: Number of major assaults recorded by police per 100,000 population
  • Prisoners > Per capita: Data for 2003. Number of prisoners held per 100,000 population.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked: Worries attacked. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being physically attacked by strangers?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft: Problem property crimes such as vandalism and theft. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) property crimes such as vandalism and theft?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Perceived problems > Illegal drugs: Problem people using or dealing drugs. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) people using or dealing drugs?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery: Problem corruption and bribery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) corruption and bribery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted: Worries being insulted. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being insulted or pestered by anybody, while in the street or any other public place?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed: Worries being mugged or robbed. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being mugged and robbed?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Serious assaults: Number of major assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Prisoners per 1000: Total persons incarcerated. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Drug related crime: Number of drug related crimes recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Judges: Number of professional judges per 100,000 population.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter: Worries home broken and things stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How worried are you about....having your home broken into and something stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Prisoners > Female: Female prisoners, expressed as a percentage share of the total prison population. Data for 2003.
  • Human trafficking > Number prosecuted: Number of people prosecuted for tracking in persons (people smuggling) by country.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen: Worries things from car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having things stolen from your car?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Human trafficking > Number prosecuted per million: Number of people prosecuted for tracking in persons (people smuggling) by country. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen: Worries car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having your car stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Prison staff: Number of correction staff in adult prisons per 100,000 population.
  • Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses: Number of organised crime gang participation offences recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses per million: Number of organised crime gang participation offences recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Prisoners > Pre-trial detainees: The percentage of the prison population that is being held pre-trial / on remand. Data for 2003.
  • Unpaid diplomatic parking fines: Average Unpaid Annual New York City Parking Violations per Diplomat, 11/1997 to 11/2002.
  • Unpaid diplomatic parking fines per million: Average Unpaid Annual New York City Parking Violations per Diplomat, 11/1997 to 11/2002. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Convictions: Number of people convicted for smuggling migrants by country.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Number prosecuted: Number of people prosecuted for smuggling migrants by country.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Number prosecuted per million: Number of people prosecuted for smuggling migrants by country. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Convictions per million: Number of people convicted for smuggling migrants by country. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Property crime > Losses due to theft, robbery, vandalism, and arson > % sales: Losses due to theft, robbery, vandalism, and arson (% sales). Losses due to theft, robbery, vandalism, and arson are the estimated losses from those causes that occurred on establishments' premises as a percentage of annual sales.
  • Courts > % of managers surveyed lacking confidence in courts to uphold property rights: Lack confidence that courts uphold property rights is the share of senior managers who do not agree with the statement: “I am confident that the judicial system will enforce my contractual and property rights in business disputes.”
  • Courts > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint: Courts measure the share of senior managers who ranked courts and dispute resolution systems as a major or very severe constraint.
  • Corruption > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint: Corruption measures the share of senior managers who ranked corruption as a major or very severe constraint.
  • % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint: Crime measures the share of senior managers who ranked crime, theft, and disorder as a major or very severe constraint.
STAT Mongolia Philippines HISTORY
Assault rate 144
Ranked 36th. 1440 times more than Philippines
0.1
Ranked 93th.
Crime levels 70
Ranked 2nd. 54% more than Philippines
45.4
Ranked 48th.
Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year) 2,008
Ranked 23th. About the same as Philippines
1,999
Ranked 31st.

Murder rate 7.9 6.4
Rape rate 12.4
Ranked 19th. 97% more than Philippines
6.3
Ranked 37th.

Rapes > Per capita 0.118 per 1,000 people
Ranked 9th. 5 times more than Philippines
0.025 per 1,000 people
Ranked 37th.
Robberies 33.8
Ranked 42nd. 4 times more than Philippines
8.4
Ranked 60th.
Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents 1.9
Ranked 118th.
4.7
Ranked 100th. 2 times more than Mongolia
Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate 7.6
Ranked 25th. 41% more than Philippines
5.4
Ranked 34th.

Violent crime > Murder rate 239
Ranked 41st.
4,947
Ranked 13th. 21 times more than Mongolia

Violent crime > Murder rate per million people 88.1
Ranked 31st. 64% more than Philippines
53.84
Ranked 45th.

Violent crime > Murders 239
Ranked 41st.
4,947
Ranked 13th. 21 times more than Mongolia

Violent crime > Murders per million people 88.1
Ranked 31st. 64% more than Philippines
53.84
Ranked 45th.

Violent crime > Rapes 342
Ranked 32nd.
5,813
Ranked 10th. 17 times more than Mongolia

Violent crime > Rapes per million people 126.07
Ranked 19th. Twice as much as Philippines
63.26
Ranked 37th.

Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years 90
Ranked 1st. 97% more than Philippines
45.69
Ranked 88th.
Fear of crime > Violent hate crime 77.78
Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Philippines
20.98
Ranked 69th.
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night 15
Ranked 9th.
54.05
Ranked 45th. 4 times more than Mongolia
Kidnappings 0.04
Ranked 53th. 33% more than Philippines
0.03
Ranked 54th.
Murders > Per 100,000 people 13.1
Ranked 38th.
21
Ranked 21st. 60% more than Mongolia
Prisoners 7,871 prisoners
Ranked 82nd.
70,383 prisoners
Ranked 18th. 9 times more than Mongolia
Assaults 144
Ranked 25th. 1440 times more than Philippines
0.1
Ranked 12th.
Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery 55
Ranked 4th. 22% more than Philippines
45.18
Ranked 34th.
Murders > WHO 3.2
Ranked 106th.
11.9
Ranked 56th. 4 times more than Mongolia
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day 45
Ranked 9th.
74.86
Ranked 61st. 66% more than Mongolia

Serious assault rate 16.3
Ranked 37th.
0.0
Ranked 78th.
Prisoners > Per capita 303 per 100,000 people
Ranked 24th. 3 times more than Philippines
94 per 100,000 people
Ranked 96th.
Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked 70
Ranked 1st. 67% more than Philippines
41.86
Ranked 44th.
Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft 55.56
Ranked 2nd. 17% more than Philippines
47.32
Ranked 54th.
Perceived problems > Illegal drugs 32.5
Ranked 6th.
45.74
Ranked 46th. 41% more than Mongolia
Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery 88.89
Ranked 3rd. 61% more than Philippines
55.19
Ranked 63th.
Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted 80
Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Philippines
30.09
Ranked 73th.
Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed 77.5
Ranked 2nd. 62% more than Philippines
47.79
Ranked 39th.
Serious assaults 16.3
Ranked 25th.
0.0
Ranked 10th.
Prisoners per 1000 3.22 prisoners
Ranked 22nd. 4 times more than Philippines
0.869 prisoners
Ranked 100th.
Drug related crime 0.0
Ranked 66th.
5
Ranked 61st.
Judges 15.1%
Ranked 16th. 6 times more than Philippines
2.5%
Ranked 41st.

Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter 55
Ranked 2nd. 22% more than Philippines
45.18
Ranked 47th.
Prisoners > Female 4.1%
Ranked 68th. 2% more than Philippines
4%
Ranked 70th.
Human trafficking > Number prosecuted 11
Ranked 23th. 11 times more than Philippines
1
Ranked 31st.

Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen 57.5
Ranked 4th. 31% more than Philippines
43.75
Ranked 64th.
Human trafficking > Number prosecuted per million 4.3
Ranked 18th. 375 times more than Philippines
0.0114
Ranked 32nd.

Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen 40
Ranked 5th.
40.18
Ranked 46th. About the same as Mongolia
Prison staff 82.4%
Ranked 15th. 8 times more than Philippines
10.8%
Ranked 50th.

Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses 6
Ranked 36th. 6 times more than Philippines
1
Ranked 49th.

Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses per million 2.34
Ranked 28th. 205 times more than Philippines
0.0114
Ranked 51st.

Prisoners > Pre-trial detainees 20%
Ranked 107th.
38.2%
Ranked 53th. 91% more than Mongolia
Unpaid diplomatic parking fines 10.2
Ranked 58th.
11.5
Ranked 53th. 13% more than Mongolia
Unpaid diplomatic parking fines per million 4.17
Ranked 23th. 29 times more than Philippines
0.142
Ranked 103th.
Smuggling of migrants > Convictions 1
Ranked 34th. The same as Philippines
1
Ranked 33th.

Smuggling of migrants > Number prosecuted 6
Ranked 30th. 6 times more than Philippines
1
Ranked 40th.

Smuggling of migrants > Number prosecuted per million 2.34
Ranked 22nd. 205 times more than Philippines
0.0114
Ranked 42nd.

Smuggling of migrants > Convictions per million 0.391
Ranked 30th. 34 times more than Philippines
0.0114
Ranked 34th.

Property crime > Losses due to theft, robbery, vandalism, and arson > % sales 0.6%
Ranked 32nd.
1.1%
Ranked 18th. 83% more than Mongolia

Courts > % of managers surveyed lacking confidence in courts to uphold property rights 37.14%
Ranked 2nd. 10% more than Philippines
33.78%
Ranked 12th.
Courts > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint 24.74%
Ranked 4th. 91% more than Philippines
12.98%
Ranked 14th.
Corruption > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint 48.45%
Ranked 3rd. 38% more than Philippines
35.17%
Ranked 12th.
% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint 27.84%
Ranked 3rd. 5% more than Philippines
26.45%
Ranked 12th.

SOURCES: European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011; crime; Wikipedia: Capital punishment in Europe (Abolition); UN Crime Stats; European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011; Annexe I of the Small Arms Survey 2007 ; Wikipedia: List of countries by intentional homicide rate by decade; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Statistics : Crime : Sexual Violence (UNODC) and Crime Statistics : Sexual Violence Against Children and Rape, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime; Statistics : Crime : Sexual Violence (UNODC) and Crime Statistics : Sexual Violence Against Children and Rape, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UN Office on Drugs and Crime, UN Survey of Crime Trends, at http://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/IHS-rates-05012009.pdf.; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention); World Health Organisation.; International Centre for Prison Studies - World Prison Brief; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Cultures of Corruption: Evidence from Diplomatic Parking Tickets Ray Fisman Edward Miguel Columbia University and NBER University of California, Berkeley and NBER 2006; Cultures of Corruption: Evidence from Diplomatic Parking Tickets Ray Fisman Edward Miguel Columbia University and NBER University of California, Berkeley and NBER 2006. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank, Enterprise Surveys; World Development Indicators database

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