Background Stats: compare key data on Brazil & South Africa

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STAT	Brazil	South Africa
First human settlement > Date	41,000-56,000 BP	125,000 BP
First human settlement > Notes	Charcoal from the oldest layers yielded dates of 41,000-56,000 BP.	Remains found in the Klasies River Caves in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa show signs of human hunting. There is some debate as to whether these remains represent anatomically modern humans .
First human settlement > Place	Pedra Furada	Klasies River Caves
Full name	Federative Republic of Brazil	Republic of South Africa
Independence day date	September 7	December 11
Land border length	14,691 km Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than South Africa	4,862 km Ranked 35th.
National anthems	Hino Nacional Brasileiro ( Brazilian National Anthem )	National anthem of South Africa
National identity card	Compulsory to be issued and carried since the age of 18 (though it can be substituted by a series of equivalent documents, see below). It is usually issued, for civilians, by each state's Public Safety Secretary, but other state departments \u2014 including the Armed Forces, the Police and some professional councils \u2014 can issue alternate identity cards too. There is a national standard, but each state can include minor differences (usually numbering scheme, font , printed seal and background pattern. The front has a picture (with an electronic stamp on it), right thumb print and signature (for illiterate people the phrase "n\u00e3o assina" \u2014 cannot sign \u2014 is printed in its place). The verse has the unique number (RG, registro geral ), expedition date, full name of the person, name of the parents, place (town, state) and date of birth, CPF number and other optional information. It is green and plastified, officially 102 \u00d7 68 mm, but lamination tends to make it slightly larger than the ISO/IEC 7810 ID-2 standard of 105 \u00d7 74 mm, resulting in a tight fit in most wallets. Only recently the driver's licence received the same legal status of an identity card in Brazil. There are also a few other documents, such as cards issued by the national councils of some professions (doctors, accountants, dentists, engineers, lawyers etc.), which are considered equivalent to the national identity card for most purposes.	An Identity Document (ID) is issued at age 16 to all citizens; and permanent residents. Although passports and driver's licences are also acceptable forms of identification, banks only accept IDs. Your ID has a barcode, a photo, and your unique ID number. Information (including age and gender but excluding race) is referenced under your ID number: accounts, criminal record, voting history, driver's licence etc. You need an ID in order to apply for a passport, bank account, driver's licence or tertiary studies, as well as to register to vote. In most cases employers will also request a photocopy of your ID in order to process your appointment. Your voting history as well as any firearm licences are documented in your ID booklet. As one's ID may be required for some of the functions listed above, some SA permanent residents, may elect to keep their ID document on their person.
National tree	Brazilwood	Real yellowwood
Neighboring countries and territories	Argentina (L) Bolivia (L) Colombia (L) France Guyana (L) Paraguay (L) Peru (L) Suriname (L) Uruguay Venezuela (L)	Botswana (L) Lesotho (L) Mozambique Namibia Swaziland (L) Zimbabwe (L)
Number of maritime boundary neighbours	2 Ranked 98th. The same as South Africa	2 Ranked 99th.
Overview	<p>Brazil is South America&#039;s most influential country, an economic giant and one of the world&#039;s biggest democracies.</p> <p>It is one of the rising economic powers - otherwise known as BRICS nations - together with Russia, India, China and South Africa. Over the past few years it has made major strides in its efforts to raise millions out of poverty. </p> <p>The discovery of major offshore oil reserves could propel the country into the top league of oil-exporting nations. </p><br> <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-18909529">Full Article</a>	<p>Diversity is a key feature of South Africa, where 11 languages are recognised as official, where community leaders include rabbis and chieftains, rugby players and returned exiles, where traditional healers ply their trade around the corner from stockbrokers and where housing ranges from mud huts to palatial homes with swimming pools. </p> <p>The diverse communities, however, have not had much representation for long. </p> <p>Until 1994 South Africa was ruled by a white minority government which was so determined to hang onto power that it took activists most of the last century before they succeeded in their fight to get rid of apartheid and extend democracy to the rest of the population. </p><br> <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14094760">Full Article</a>

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