Health Stats: compare key data on Chad & Malaysia

Definitions

Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people: Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the population growth rate in the absence of migration.
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth: Average age of mother at first childbirth.
Births and maternity > Future births: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate.
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cancer out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cancer rate, but rather how fatal cancer is in each country.
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included.
Human height > Average female height: Average female height.
Human height > Average male height: Average male height.
Life expectancy > Men: Life expectancy for men.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population: The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years: Life expectancy at birth, female (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years: Life expectancy at birth, male (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years: Life expectancy at birth, total (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians are defined as graduates of any facility or school of medicine who are working in the country in any medical field (practice, teaching, research).
Probability of reaching 65 > Male: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Infant mortality rate > Total: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman: Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates.
Infant mortality rate: The number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate: How many infants, out of 1000, who will die before attaining one year of age.
Life expectancy > Women: Life expectancy for women.
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate: An estimate of the percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with HIV/AIDS. The adult prevalence rate is calculated by dividing the estimated number of adults living with HIV/AIDS at yearend by the total adult population at yearend.
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included."
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average BMI (combining male and female population), according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS.
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19: Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
Probability of reaching 65 > Female: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Expenditure per capita > Current US$: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population > Percentage: Percentage of population that subsists on less than the required nutritional amounts per day.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$: Health expenditure per capita (current US$). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate: Percentage of females aged 15-19 who give birth, out of all females the same age in the country.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people). Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Incidence includes patients with HIV.
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate: Country's crude birth rate. The crude birth rate is the number of live births for every 1,000 people.
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate: Number of mothers who died giving birth, out of 100,000 births.
Maternal mortality: Maternal mortality reported per 100,000 births 1985-1999. The maternal mortality data are those reported by national authorities. UNICEF and the World Health Organization periodically evaluate these data and make adjustments to account for the well-documented problems of under-reporting and misclassification of maternal deaths and to develop estimates for countries with no data (for details on the most recent estimates see Hill, AbouZahr and Wardlaw 2001). Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Death rates > Children under 5: Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates."
Death rates > Women: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Death rates > Men: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths: AIDS deaths.
HIV AIDS > Deaths: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day: Depth of hunger or the intensity of food deprivation, indicates how much food-deprived people fall short of minimum food needs in terms of dietary energy. The food deficit, in kilocalories per person per day, is measured by comparing the average amount of dietary energy that undernourished people get from the foods they eat with the minimum amount of dietary energy they need to maintain body weight and undertake light activity. The depth of hunger is low when it is less than 200 kilocalories per person per day, and high when it is higher than 300 kilocalories per person per day."
Births and maternity > Number of births: Total number of live births. A live birth refers to a birth after which the baby shows signs of life, however, if the baby dies after showing signs of life, it is still considered a live birth.
Hunger and malnutrition > Children > Small children underweight: Percentage of all children under 5 that are moderately or severely underweight.
Probability of not reaching 40: Probability at birth of not reaching the age of 40.
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Reproductive health > Use of birth control > Women over 15: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only."
Life expectancy > Male: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people). Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Death rates > Infants: Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year."
Life expectancy at birth > Female: The average number of years to be lived by a females in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy > Female: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given: Maternity leave benefits.
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 1+ visit during pregnancy: Percentage of pregnant women who received at least one visit by a doctor or other highly specialized care provider.
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Spending > Per person: Spending per capita (PPP) in $US 1998.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people: AIDS deaths. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes: People living with HIV, 15-49 years old, percentage.
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles: Percentage of children under 1 year old immunized against measles.
Life expectancy at birth > Male: The average number of years to be lived by amen in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Malaria cases > Per 100,000: Malaria cases (per 100,000 people)
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy > 95 percent range: 95% range.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Total population
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cardiovascular diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cardiovascular disease rate, but rather how fatal cardiovascular diseases are in each country.
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses."
Health spending per capita: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Reproductive health > Pregnant women receiving prenatal care: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average female BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000: Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people)
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population): The number of people that die from injuries out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's injury rate, but rather how fatal injuries are in each country.
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Drug access: Population with access to essential drugs 2000. The data on access to essential drugs are based on statistical estimates received from World Health Organization (WHO) country and regional offices and regional advisers and through the World Drug Situation Survey carried out in 1998-99. These estimates represent the best information available to the WHO Department of Essential Drugs and Medicines Policy to date and are currently being validated by WHO member states. The department assigns the estimates to four groupings: very low access (0-49%), low access (50-79%), medium access (80-94%) and good access (95-100%). These groupings, used here in presenting the data, are often employed by the WHO in interpreting the data, as the actual estimates may suggest a higher level of accuracy than the data afford. b.
Infant mortality > Female babies: Infant mortality rate for females under 1 year.
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate: The number of people that die from noncommunicable diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's noncommunicable disease rate, but rather how fatal noncommunicable diseases are in each country.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in international dollars converted using 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) rates."
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Total population
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average male BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people: Total number of live births. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Intestinal diseases death rate: Death rate from intestinal infectious diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO code B01 for all age groups by sex. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data for the country in that particular year. The death rates were standardized utilizing the age structure for the population of Canada. See page 22 of the2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (men): Percentage of males aged over 15 years who are obese. The World Health Organization defines obesity as a body mass index over 30. The average BMI is 18.5 to 24.9.
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Dependency ratio per 100: Dependency ratio (per 100), 2003
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people): Dentistry personnel density (per 10 000 population).
Smoking rate > Women: Prevalence of smoking, female is the percentage of women ages 15 and over who smoke any form of tobacco, including cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, and excluding smokeless tobacco. Data include daily and non-daily smoking."
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases.
Births and maternity > Births attended by skill personnel: Births attended by skilled health personnel, percentage.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases: Number of reported cases of tetanus in newborns.
Diseases > Leprosy cases: Number of reported Leprosy cases.
Infant mortality rate > Female: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight boys under 5: Prevalence of underweight children.
Tobacco > Male smoking rate: Male [%].
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid: Percentage of usual wages the country mandates employers to pay women on maternity leave. For instance, Italy requires employers to pay a woman 80% of her normal wages while off work after giving birth.
Diseases > Measles cases: Number of reported measles cases.
Tobacco > Female smoking rate: Female [%].
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births: Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence."
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (women): Percentage of females aged over 15 years who are obese. The World Health Organization defines obesity as a body mass index over 30. The average BMI is 18.5 to 24.9.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Males
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country: Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death. "
HIV AIDS > Women living with aids 15-49: People living with HIV/AIDS, women (age 15-49)
Children living with AIDS per 1000: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14). Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Births and maternity > Future births per million people: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Spending > Public: World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms)."
Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate, 2003
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider: The method/s in which women receive an income during their maternity leave. Some countries put the responsibility solely on the employer, while others either include maternity leaves into their social welfare programs or use a combination of the two. Some countries do not have laws regarding maternity leave such as the United States and Papua New Guinea.
Infant mortality > Male babies: Infant mortality rate for males under 1 year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Medicine availability: A list of essential generic medicines has been drawn up by the WHO. Public Medicine dispensing points are then visited and the availability of these medicines checked. The stat indicates the median percentage of medicines from the list that were available in each dispensary on the day of the survey.
Children living with AIDS: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14)
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Respiratory disease child death rate: Child death rate from respiratory diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population Aged 0-14
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO codes B31 and B320, and B321, by sex and by age. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data broken down by age group to produce rates. See page 22 of the 2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Diseases > Leprosy cases per million people: Number of reported Leprosy cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases per million people: Number of reported cases of tetanus in newborns. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Total tetanus cases: Number of all reported tetanus cases.
Probability of dying before 5 > Females: Probability of females dying before reaching the age of 5. (2003)
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Spending > Private: Private expenditure on health as a percentage of GDP 1998.
Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health: Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health, 2002
Public health spending > % of total health spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
% of population using improved drinking water sources > Rural: Health - % of population using improved drinking water sources 2000 - Rural.
% of population using adequate sanitation facilities > Rural: Health - % of population using adequate sanitation facilities 2000 - Rural
Births with health staff: Births attended by skilled health staff. Definitions of skilled health staff may vary across countries. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified or to a running average for a series of years surrounding the period 1995 to 2000.
Nutrition > % of children who are still breastfeeding 20-23 months: Health - Nutrition - % of children (1995-2002) who are: still breastfeeding (20-23 months)
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births: Low-birthweight babies are newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, with the measurement taken within the first hours of life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred."
Diseases > Total tetanus cases per million people: Number of all reported tetanus cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - DPT3
Health expenditure, total > % of GDP: Health expenditure, total (% of GDP). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %: Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%). Prevalence of anemia, pregnant women, is the percentage of pregnant women whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, male > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV, male (% ages 15-24). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, female > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV, female (% ages 15-24). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions > % of total: Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions include infectious and parasitic diseases, respiratory infections, and nutritional deficiencies such as underweight and stunting.
Nutrition > % of under-fives suffering from underweight moderate & severe: Health - Nutrition - % of under-fives (1995-2002) suffering from: underweight moderate & severe
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP: Total expenditure on health as % of GDP, 2002
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Measles
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS: DOTS detection rate is the percentage of estimated new infectious tuberculosis cases detected under the directly observed treatment, short course case detection and treatment strategy.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Polio3
Malnutrition prevalence > Height for age > % of children under 5: Prevalence of child malnutrition (height for age) is the percentage of children under five whose height for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0 to 59 months. For children up to two years of age, height is measured by recumbent length. For older children, height is measured by stature while standing. The reference population adopted by the WHO in 1983, is based on children from the United States, who are assumed to be well nourished.
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organisations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organisations. These resources are part of total health expenditure."
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed."
External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organizations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organizations. These resources are part of total health expenditure.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed.
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Health expenditure, public > % of total health expenditure: Health expenditure, public (% of total health expenditure). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total: Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns.
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79: Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79). Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Life expectancy > 95% range: 95% range.
Smoking prevalence > Males > % of adults: Prevalence of smoking, male is the percentage of men who smoke cigarettes. The age range varies among countries but in most is 18 and older or 15 and older.
Diseases > Antiretroviral therapy coverage > % of people with advanced HIV infection: Antiretroviral therapy coverage (% of people with advanced HIV infection). Antiretroviral therapy coverage indicates the percentage of adults and children with advanced HIV infection currently receiving antiretroviral therapy among the estimated number of people needing antiretroviral therapy based on WHO 2010 guidelines.
Immunisation > Immunization, DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months). Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Immunisation > Immunization, measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months). Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight girls under 5: Prevalence of underweight children.
Expenditure > Private > % of GDP: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.
HIVAIDS > Adult prevalence rate 15-49 years,: Health - HIV/AIDS - Adult prevalence rate (15-49 years), end-2001
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Tuberculosis case detection rate > %, all forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms). Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms).
Health expenditure, public > % of government expenditure: Health expenditure, public (% of government expenditure). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP: Health expenditure, public (% of GDP). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Disease prevention > Immunisation against tetanus > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunisation measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine."
Disease prevention > Immunisation > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunisation measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Male > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Health services > Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health: Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure."
Health spending > % of GDP: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health: Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
Mortality > Completeness of total death reporting > % of reported total deaths to estimated total deaths: Completeness of total death reporting is the number of total deaths reported by national statistics authorities to the United Nations Statistics Division's Demography Yearbook divided by the number of total deaths estimated by the United Nations Population Division.
Private health spending > % of GDP: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations."
Public health spending > % of government spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds."
Infant mortality rate > Male: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
% immunized 1-year-old children > TB: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - TB
% of routine EPI vaccines financed by government > Total: Health - % of routine EPI vaccines financed by government 2002 - Total
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Males
Nutrition > % of children who are exclusively breastfed 6 months: Health - Nutrition - % of children (1995-2002) who are: exclusively breastfed (<6 months)
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered: Civil registration coverage of births (%).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5: Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children under 5). Prevalence of anemia, children under age 5, is the percentage of children under age 5 whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total: Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and congenital anomalies.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV (% of population ages 15+ with HIV). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population ages 15+ who are living with HIV.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care > %: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%). Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only.
Maternity > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months: Exclusive breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months). Exclusive breastfeeding refers to the percentage of children less than six months old who are fed breast milk alone (no other liquids) in the past 24 hours.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of total expenditure on health: Out-of-pocket health expenditure (% of total expenditure on health). Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.
Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV refers to the percentage of women of those ages 15-49 infected with HIV.
Health expenditure, private > % of GDP: Health expenditure, private (% of GDP). Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.
Nutrition > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months: Exclusive breastfeeding refers to the percentage of children less than six months old who are fed breast milk alone (no other liquids) in the past 24 hours.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."

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STAT	Chad	Malaysia
Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people	48.5 per 1,000 people Ranked 8th. 2 times more than Malaysia	21.38 per 1,000 people Ranked 88th.
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth	28.3 Ranked 18th.	30.4 Ranked 4th. 7% more than Chad
Births and maternity > Future births	914.32 Ranked 30th. 2 times more than Malaysia	414.48 Ranked 56th.
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate	2.04% Ranked 21st. 11% more than Malaysia	1.84% Ranked 134th.
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population)	160 Ranked 28th. 17% more than Malaysia	137 Ranked 75th.
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	0.72 per 1,000 people Ranked 66th.	1.9 per 1,000 people Ranked 54th. 3 times more than Chad
Human height > Average female height	1.626 m (5 ft 4 in)	1.574 m (5 ft 2 in)
Human height > Average male height	N/A	1.702 m (5 ft 7 in)
Life expectancy > Men	49 years Ranked 85th.	73 years Ranked 48th. 49% more than Chad
Life expectancy at birth > Total population	48.33 years Ranked 213th.	73.79 years Ranked 108th. 53% more than Chad
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years	51.09 Ranked 188th.	77.07 Ranked 87th. 51% more than Chad
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years	49.42 Ranked 188th.	72.38 Ranked 69th. 46% more than Chad
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years	50.24 Ranked 188th.	74.67 Ranked 75th. 49% more than Chad
Physicians > Per 1,000 people	0.04 per 1,000 people Ranked 60th.	0.7 per 1,000 people Ranked 68th. 18 times more than Chad
Probability of reaching 65 > Male	33.6% Ranked 143th.	70.8% Ranked 53th. 2 times more than Chad
Infant mortality rate > Total	95.31 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 8th. 6 times more than Malaysia	15.02 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 116th.
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman	6.3 births per woman Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Malaysia	2.74 births per woman Ranked 81st.
Infant mortality rate	94.78 Ranked 15th. 5 times more than Malaysia	18.35 Ranked 99th.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita	21.9 per 1,000 people Ranked 22nd. 10 times more than Malaysia	2.13 per 1,000 people Ranked 59th.
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate	89.4 Ranked 6th. 12 times more than Malaysia	7.3 Ranked 143th.
Life expectancy > Women	52 years Ranked 81st.	77 years Ranked 57th. 48% more than Chad
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate	3.4% Ranked 18th. 7 times more than Malaysia	0.5% Ranked 68th.
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	0.4 Ranked 103th.	1.76 Ranked 56th. 4 times more than Chad
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI)	21.42 Ranked 154th.	22.58 Ranked 127th. 5% more than Chad
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS	210,000 Ranked 26th. 2 times more than Malaysia	100,000 Ranked 41st.
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	191.2 births Ranked 7th. 11 times more than Malaysia	17.58 births Ranked 141st.
Probability of reaching 65 > Female	38.6% Ranked 142nd.	82% Ranked 54th. 2 times more than Chad
Expenditure per capita > Current US$	19.6$ Ranked 157th.	180.1$ Ranked 86th. 9 times more than Chad
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population > Percentage	29.4% Ranked 18th.	0.0 Ranked 120th.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$	$35.20 Ranked 172nd.	$346.01 Ranked 91st. 10 times more than Chad
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate	203.4 Ranked 2nd. 14 times more than Malaysia	15 Ranked 59th.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	151 Ranked 52nd. 89% more than Malaysia	80 Ranked 81st.
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate	44.6 Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Malaysia	17.8 Ranked 17th.
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate	1,100 per 100,000 live births Ranked 1st. 38 times more than Malaysia	29 per 100,000 live births Ranked 120th.
Maternal mortality	830 per 100,000 Ranked 6th. 20 times more than Malaysia	41 per 100,000 Ranked 90th.
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people	0.04 Ranked 73th.	0.71 Ranked 51st. 18 times more than Chad
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita	160,891.05 Ranked 29th. 10 times more than Malaysia	15,805.07 Ranked 68th.
Death rates > Children under 5	209 Ranked 1st. 34 times more than Malaysia	6.1 Ranked 149th.
Death rates > Women	318.59 Ranked 25th. 4 times more than Malaysia	86.03 Ranked 107th.
Death rates > Men	360.7 Ranked 27th. 2 times more than Malaysia	150.11 Ranked 105th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths	9,700 Ranked 3rd. 64% more than Malaysia	5,900 Ranked 8th.
HIV AIDS > Deaths	11,000 Ranked 24th. 90% more than Malaysia	5,800 Ranked 36th.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day	290 Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Malaysia	130 Ranked 128th.
Births and maternity > Number of births	408,264 Ranked 4th.	496,313 Ranked 11th. 22% more than Chad
Hunger and malnutrition > Children > Small children underweight	30.3% Ranked 4th. 2 times more than Malaysia	12.9% Ranked 24th.
Probability of not reaching 40	41% Ranked 18th. 8 times more than Malaysia	5% Ranked 100th.
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years	44.02 years Ranked 168th.	73.7 years Ranked 64th. 67% more than Chad
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita	1.97 per 1,000 people Ranked 24th. 24 times more than Malaysia	0.082 per 1,000 people Ranked 63th.
Reproductive health > Use of birth control > Women over 15	2.8 Ranked 16th.	54.5 Ranked 8th. 19 times more than Chad
Life expectancy > Male	47.48 Ranked 171st.	72.09 Ranked 61st. 52% more than Chad
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	0.188 Ranked 59th.	3.28 Ranked 71st. 17 times more than Chad
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU	2 trillion Ranked 33th. 4 times more than Malaysia	462.14 billion Ranked 50th.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000	18.47 Ranked 22nd. 5 times more than Malaysia	3.6 Ranked 64th.
Death rates > Infants	124 Ranked 2nd. 22 times more than Malaysia	5.7 Ranked 144th.
Life expectancy at birth > Female	49.43 years Ranked 210th.	76.73 years Ranked 108th. 55% more than Chad
Life expectancy > Female	50.05 Ranked 170th.	76.79 Ranked 73th. 53% more than Chad
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given	60 Ranked 44th. 5 times more than Malaysia	12 Ranked 163th.
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 1+ visit during pregnancy	53.14% Ranked 30th.	90.7% Ranked 20th. 71% more than Chad
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars	47 Ranked 167th.	349 Ranked 80th. 7 times more than Chad
Spending > Per person	7 Ranked 128th.	81 Ranked 77th. 12 times more than Chad
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people	1,299.68 Ranked 9th. 6 times more than Malaysia	205.15 Ranked 42nd.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes	3.1% Ranked 21st. 8 times more than Malaysia	0.4% Ranked 81st.
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles	28% Ranked 193th.	95% Ranked 87th. 3 times more than Chad
Life expectancy at birth > Male	47.28 years Ranked 212th.	71.05 years Ranked 106th. 50% more than Chad
Malaria cases > Per 100,000	197 Ranked 56th. 3 times more than Malaysia	57 Ranked 63th.
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years	45.11 years Ranked 166th.	76.06 years Ranked 69th. 69% more than Chad
Life expectancy > 95 percent range	(53.00-62.30)	(76.20-76.80)
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	40.7 Ranked 164th.	63.2 Ranked 62nd. 55% more than Chad
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population)	418 Ranked 53th. 52% more than Malaysia	275 Ranked 131st.
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	0.28 Ranked 61st.	1.81 Ranked 9th. 6 times more than Chad
Health spending per capita	31.65 Ranked 155th.	307.24 Ranked 82nd. 10 times more than Chad
Reproductive health > Pregnant women receiving prenatal care	38.9% Ranked 28th.	78.8% Ranked 30th. 2 times more than Chad
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI)	20.8 Ranked 154th.	22.09 Ranked 113th. 6% more than Chad
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years	42.98 years Ranked 168th.	71.46 years Ranked 60th. 66% more than Chad
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000	168 Ranked 34th. 3 times more than Malaysia	67 Ranked 66th.
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population)	117 Ranked 34th. 2 times more than Malaysia	53 Ranked 118th.
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000	0.967 Ranked 21st. 5 times more than Malaysia	0.209 Ranked 46th.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men	41.45 Ranked 163th.	75.6 Ranked 62nd. 82% more than Chad
Drug access	0.0 Ranked 145th.	50% Ranked 129th.
Infant mortality > Female babies	117.3 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 7th. 14 times more than Malaysia	8.5 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 143th.
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate	910 Ranked 25th. 46% more than Malaysia	623 Ranked 117th.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women	47.14 Ranked 159th.	85.01 Ranked 69th. 80% more than Chad
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$71.51 Ranked 146th.	$604.36 Ranked 70th. 8 times more than Chad
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	46 Ranked 165th.	72 Ranked 68th. 57% more than Chad
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI)	22.04 Ranked 146th.	23.06 Ranked 128th. 5% more than Chad
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people	43.85 Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Malaysia	17.86 Ranked 15th.
Intestinal diseases death rate	36.19% Ranked 8th. 2 times more than Malaysia	15.96% Ranked 58th.
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	271.64 per 100,000 people Ranked 34th. 3 times more than Malaysia	101.6 per 100,000 people Ranked 78th.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (men)	1.5% Ranked 15th.	18.8% Ranked 6th. 13 times more than Chad
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index	0.226 Ranked 174th.	0.799 Ranked 50th. 4 times more than Chad
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes	426 Ranked 14th. 4 times more than Malaysia	98 Ranked 121st.
Dependency ratio per 100	100 Ranked 9th. 67% more than Malaysia	60 Ranked 89th.
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people)	<1	1
Smoking rate > Women	1 Ranked 114th.	2 Ranked 107th. Twice as much as Chad
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases	2,513 Ranked 69th.	9,578 Ranked 34th. 4 times more than Chad
Births and maternity > Births attended by skill personnel	22.7% Ranked 49th.	98.6% Ranked 15th. 4 times more than Chad
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases	100 Ranked 11th. 7 times more than Malaysia	14 Ranked 36th.
Diseases > Leprosy cases	631 Ranked 17th. 3 times more than Malaysia	190 Ranked 42nd.
Infant mortality rate > Female	89.22 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 7th. 7 times more than Malaysia	12.52 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 122nd.
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight boys under 5	28% Ranked 12th. 47% more than Malaysia	19% Ranked 5th.
Tobacco > Male smoking rate	16 Ranked 122nd.	54.4 Ranked 15th. 3 times more than Chad
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15	160000	67000
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest	Illegal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid	50% Ranked 157th.	100% Ranked 98th. Twice as much as Chad
Diseases > Measles cases	441 Ranked 30th. 12% more than Malaysia	394 Ranked 33th.
Life expectancy > Date of information	2006 est.	2006 est.
Tobacco > Female smoking rate	2.6 Ranked 109th.	2.8 Ranked 106th. 8% more than Chad
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births	1,200 Ranked 2nd. 39 times more than Malaysia	31 Ranked 107th.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	41.7 Ranked 165th.	64.8 Ranked 65th. 55% more than Chad
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males	426 Ranked 14th. 4 times more than Malaysia	98 Ranked 121st.
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people	234.98 Ranked 80th.	357.2 Ranked 55th. 52% more than Chad
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (women)	1.5% Ranked 15th.	18.8% Ranked 6th. 13 times more than Chad
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	39.7 Ranked 166th.	61.6 Ranked 60th. 55% more than Chad
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country	14 Ranked 162nd.	1,200 Ranked 68th. 86 times more than Chad
HIV AIDS > Women living with aids 15-49	3.61 Ranked 25th. 10 times more than Malaysia	0.35 Ranked 67th.
Children living with AIDS per 1000	1.93 Ranked 23th. 62 times more than Malaysia	0.0309 Ranked 67th.
Births and maternity > Future births per million people	45.16 Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than Malaysia	17 Ranked 117th.
Spending > Public	2.3%	1.4%
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms	21.77% Ranked 177th.	61.95% Ranked 127th. 3 times more than Chad
Total fertility rate	6.6 Ranked 13th. 2 times more than Malaysia	2.9 Ranked 81st.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider	Social security	Employer
Infant mortality > Male babies	131 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 7th. 11 times more than Malaysia	11.5 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 140th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health	Illegal	Legal
Medicine availability	31.3% Ranked 7th. 25% more than Malaysia	25% Ranked 10th.
Children living with AIDS	18,000 Ranked 24th. 23 times more than Malaysia	770 Ranked 59th.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	47 Ranked 167th.	75 Ranked 69th. 60% more than Chad
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females	426 Ranked 14th. 4 times more than Malaysia	98 Ranked 121st.
Respiratory disease child death rate	210.08 (est)	3.8 (est)
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14	90000	17000
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request	Illegal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons	Illegal	Illegal
Diseases > Leprosy cases per million people	59 Ranked 20th. 8 times more than Malaysia	7.09 Ranked 59th.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases per million people	9.35 Ranked 2nd. 18 times more than Malaysia	0.522 Ranked 41st.
Diseases > Total tetanus cases	100 Ranked 22nd. 3 times more than Malaysia	36 Ranked 34th.
Probability of dying before 5 > Females	171 per 1,000 people Ranked 16th. 14 times more than Malaysia	12 per 1,000 people Ranked 145th.
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars	20 Ranked 159th.	188 Ranked 88th. 9 times more than Chad
Spending > Private	0.6% Ranked 134th.	1% Ranked 123th. 67% more than Chad
Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health	58.1% Ranked 45th. 26% more than Malaysia	46.2% Ranked 84th.
Public health spending > % of total health spending	56.33% Ranked 107th. 27% more than Malaysia	44.38% Ranked 144th.
% of population using improved drinking water sources > Rural	26 Ranked 140th.	94 Ranked 39th. 4 times more than Chad
% of population using adequate sanitation facilities > Rural	13 Ranked 128th.	98 Ranked 37th. 8 times more than Chad
Births with health staff	16% Ranked 113th.	96% Ranked 37th. 6 times more than Chad
Nutrition > % of children who are still breastfeeding 20-23 months	51 Ranked 33th. 4 times more than Malaysia	12 Ranked 92nd.
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births	21.7% Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Malaysia	9% Ranked 9th.
Diseases > Total tetanus cases per million people	9.35 Ranked 11th. 7 times more than Malaysia	1.34 Ranked 51st.
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3	40 Ranked 180th.	96 Ranked 60th. 2 times more than Chad
Health expenditure, total > % of GDP	4.28% Ranked 155th. 19% more than Malaysia	3.58% Ranked 173th.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %	60.36% Ranked 4th. 58% more than Malaysia	38.3% Ranked 5th.
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, male > % ages 15-24	0.6% Ranked 25th. 6 times more than Malaysia	0.1% Ranked 100th.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	35% Ranked 18th. 12 times more than Malaysia	3% Ranked 129th.
Improved water source > % of population with access	42% Ranked 171st.	99% Ranked 48th. 2 times more than Chad
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, female > % ages 15-24	1.1% Ranked 25th. 11 times more than Malaysia	0.1% Ranked 101st.
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions > % of total	73.18% Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Malaysia	24.31% Ranked 73th.
Nutrition > % of under-fives suffering from underweight moderate & severe	28 Ranked 26th. 2 times more than Malaysia	12 Ranked 82nd.
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP	6.5% Ranked 69th. 71% more than Malaysia	3.8% Ranked 160th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles	55 Ranked 166th.	92 Ranked 76th. 67% more than Chad
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS	21.73% Ranked 165th.	73.16% Ranked 56th. 3 times more than Chad
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3	40 Ranked 180th.	97 Ranked 51st. 2 times more than Chad
Malnutrition prevalence > Height for age > % of children under 5	40.9% Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Malaysia	15.6% Ranked 16th.
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health	11.26% Ranked 46th. 563 times more than Malaysia	0.02% Ranked 128th.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	9% Ranked 165th.	96% Ranked 58th. 11 times more than Chad
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	24% Ranked 173th.	95% Ranked 67th. 4 times more than Chad
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases	54.15% Ranked 150th.	71.91% Ranked 95th. 33% more than Chad
External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health	7% Ranked 67th. 70 times more than Malaysia	0.1% Ranked 138th.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care	38.9% Ranked 17th.	73.6% Ranked 17th. 89% more than Chad
Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases	69% Ranked 134th. 23% more than Malaysia	56.3% Ranked 160th.
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	9% Ranked 166th.	94% Ranked 49th. 10 times more than Chad
Health expenditure, public > % of total health expenditure	27.12% Ranked 177th.	45.68% Ranked 140th. 68% more than Chad
Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total	14.4% Ranked 29th.	97.4% Ranked 20th. 7 times more than Chad
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP	1.55% Ranked 156th.	2.23% Ranked 134th. 44% more than Chad
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79	3.61% Ranked 171st.	12.02% Ranked 29th. 3 times more than Chad
Life expectancy > 95% range	(53.00-62.30)	(76.20-76.80)
Smoking prevalence > Males > % of adults	24.1% Ranked 9th.	43% Ranked 10th. 78% more than Chad
Diseases > Antiretroviral therapy coverage > % of people with advanced HIV infection	40% Ranked 71st.	42% Ranked 69th. 5% more than Chad
Immunisation > Immunization, DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	45% Ranked 188th.	99% Ranked 25th. 2 times more than Chad
Immunisation > Immunization, measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	64% Ranked 181st.	95% Ranked 77th. 48% more than Chad
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight girls under 5	28% Ranked 9th. 47% more than Malaysia	19% Ranked 4th.
Expenditure > Private > % of GDP	2.65% Ranked 73th. 69% more than Malaysia	1.57% Ranked 133th.
HIVAIDS > Adult prevalence rate 15-49 years,	3.6 Ranked 25th. 9 times more than Malaysia	0.4 Ranked 68th.
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	23% Ranked 188th.	90% Ranked 100th. 4 times more than Chad
Tuberculosis case detection rate > %, all forms	56% Ranked 166th.	93% Ranked 16th. 66% more than Chad
Health expenditure, public > % of government expenditure	3.27% Ranked 185th.	6.12% Ranked 168th. 87% more than Chad
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP	1.16% Ranked 183th.	1.64% Ranked 168th. 41% more than Chad
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	41% Ranked 180th.	100% Ranked 47th. 2 times more than Chad
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access	43% Ranked 154th.	96% Ranked 48th. 2 times more than Chad
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	20% Ranked 188th.	90% Ranked 107th. 5 times more than Chad
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health	Legal	Legal
Disease prevention > Immunisation against tetanus > % of children ages 12-23 months	23% Ranked 182nd.	95% Ranked 80th. 4 times more than Chad
Disease prevention > Immunisation > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	23% Ranked 182nd.	95% Ranked 71st. 4 times more than Chad
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Male > % ages 15-24	2% Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Malaysia	0.6% Ranked 48th.
Health services > Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health	96.2% Ranked 35th. 31% more than Malaysia	73.22% Ranked 123th.
Health spending > % of GDP	4.8% Ranked 123th. 10% more than Malaysia	4.37% Ranked 136th.
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health	0.4% Ranked 92nd.	7.2% Ranked 51st. 18 times more than Chad
Mortality > Completeness of total death reporting > % of reported total deaths to estimated total deaths	91.92% Ranked 2nd.	100% Ranked 12th. 9% more than Chad
Private health spending > % of GDP	2.1% Ranked 104th.	2.43% Ranked 80th. 16% more than Chad
Public health spending > % of government spending	13.77% Ranked 53th. 99% more than Malaysia	6.93% Ranked 152nd.
Infant mortality rate > Male	101.18 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 8th. 6 times more than Malaysia	17.37 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 109th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > TB	67 Ranked 139th.	99 Ranked 34th. 48% more than Chad
% of routine EPI vaccines financed by government > Total	75 Ranked 96th.	100 Ranked 71st. 33% more than Chad
Population suffering from undernourishment in 1990-1992	58% Ranked 5th. 19 times more than Malaysia	3% Ranked 105th.
Population suffering from undernourishment in 2001-2003	33% Ranked 20th. 11 times more than Malaysia	3% Ranked 106th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment	Legal	Illegal
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	44 Ranked 167th.	70 Ranked 56th. 59% more than Chad
Nutrition > % of children who are exclusively breastfed 6 months	10 Ranked 107th.	29 Ranked 64th. 3 times more than Chad
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered	9	>90
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life	Legal	Legal
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	37% Ranked 11th. 7 times more than Malaysia	5% Ranked 156th.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	23% Ranked 172nd.	96% Ranked 75th. 4 times more than Chad
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access	50% Ranked 156th.	100% Ranked 35th. Twice as much as Chad
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	67% Ranked 170th.	100% Ranked 42nd. 49% more than Chad
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5	71.1% Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Malaysia	32.41% Ranked 54th.
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total	21.35% Ranked 185th.	67.02% Ranked 113th. 3 times more than Chad
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	58.6% Ranked 21st. 4 times more than Malaysia	14.6% Ranked 148th.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care > %	53.1% Ranked 31st.	90.7% Ranked 25th. 71% more than Chad
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49	3.52% Ranked 22nd. 7 times more than Malaysia	0.47% Ranked 78th.
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49	2.8% Ranked 12th.	55% Ranked 8th. 20 times more than Chad
Maternity > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months	3.4% Ranked 27th.	29% Ranked 4th. 9 times more than Chad
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of total expenditure on health	70.47% Ranked 5th. 69% more than Malaysia	41.72% Ranked 60th.
Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	56.25% Ranked 45th. 2 times more than Malaysia	25.37% Ranked 89th.
Health expenditure, private > % of GDP	3.12% Ranked 62nd. 60% more than Malaysia	1.95% Ranked 122nd.
Nutrition > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months	2.1% Ranked 14th.	29% Ranked 4th. 14 times more than Chad
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access	4% Ranked 160th.	95% Ranked 57th. 24 times more than Chad

SOURCES: World Development Indicators database; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; Wikipedia: Human height (Average height around the world); British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York; CIA World Factbook, 28 July 2005; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organisation, OECD, supplemented by country data.; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16. http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-439.pdf. Walpole et al., BMC Public Health 2012, 12:4; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York.; United Nations Statistics Division; World Health Organization National Health Account database (see http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx for the most recent updates).; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Report.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNICEF (United Nations Children?s Fund). 2002. Official Summary: The State of the World's Children 2002. New York: Oxford University Press.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Level & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2010. Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA, UNPD).; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm, (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Human Mortality Database. [ www.mortality.org or www.humanmortality.de] downloaded on Dec. 10, 2009.; United Nations Statistics Division. 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For latest updates and metadata, see http://apps.who.int/globalatlas/.; World Bank national accounts data; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization; World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNHDR; Wikipedia: List of countries by life expectancy (Life expectancy at birth (years), Global Burden of Disease) (Das, Pamela; Samarasekera, Udani (2012). "The story of GBD 2010: a "super-human" effort" . The Lancet 380 (9859): 2067–2070. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62174-6 . Wang, Haidong; Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura; Lofgren, Katherine T; Rajaratnam, Julie Knoll; Marcus, Jacob R; Levin-Rector, Alison; Levitz, Carly E; Lopez, Alan D; Murray, Christopher JL (2012). "Age-specific and sex-specific mortality in 187 countries, 1970–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". The Lancet 380 (9859): 2071–2094. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61719-X ., ); World Health Organization. Source tables; World Health Organisation National Health Account database (www.who.int/nha/en) supplemented by country data.; UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International.; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm.; WHO (World Health Organization). 2001. Correspondence on access to essential drugs. Department of Essential Drugs and Medecines Policy. February. Geneva; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. 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