Health Stats: compare key data on Costa Rica & Dominican Republic

Definitions

Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people: Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the population growth rate in the absence of migration.
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth: Average age of mother at first childbirth.
Births and maternity > Future births: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate.
Deaths > Percent deaths registered: Civil registration coverage of deaths (%).
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cancer out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cancer rate, but rather how fatal cancer is in each country.
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman: Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates.
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included.
Infant mortality rate > Total: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population: The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years: Life expectancy at birth, female (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years: Life expectancy at birth, male (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years: Life expectancy at birth, total (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians are defined as graduates of any facility or school of medicine who are working in the country in any medical field (practice, teaching, research).
Probability of reaching 65 > Male: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Infant mortality rate: The number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate: How many infants, out of 1000, who will die before attaining one year of age.
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate: An estimate of the percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with HIV/AIDS. The adult prevalence rate is calculated by dividing the estimated number of adults living with HIV/AIDS at yearend by the total adult population at yearend.
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included."
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average BMI (combining male and female population), according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS.
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19: Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
Probability of reaching 65 > Female: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Expenditure per capita > Current US$: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population > Percentage: Percentage of population that subsists on less than the required nutritional amounts per day.
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population: Number of people in the country who subsist on less than the required nutritional amounts per day.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$: Health expenditure per capita (current US$). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate: Percentage of females aged 15-19 who give birth, out of all females the same age in the country.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people). Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Incidence includes patients with HIV.
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population per million people: Number of people in the country who subsist on less than the required nutritional amounts per day. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate: Country's crude birth rate. The crude birth rate is the number of live births for every 1,000 people.
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate: Number of mothers who died giving birth, out of 100,000 births.
Maternal mortality: Maternal mortality reported per 100,000 births 1985-1999. The maternal mortality data are those reported by national authorities. UNICEF and the World Health Organization periodically evaluate these data and make adjustments to account for the well-documented problems of under-reporting and misclassification of maternal deaths and to develop estimates for countries with no data (for details on the most recent estimates see Hill, AbouZahr and Wardlaw 2001). Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Death rates > Children under 5: Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates."
Death rates > Women: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Death rates > Men: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths: AIDS deaths.
HIV AIDS > Deaths: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > Legal abortions total: Legally induced abortions by urban/rural residence of woman.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day: Depth of hunger or the intensity of food deprivation, indicates how much food-deprived people fall short of minimum food needs in terms of dietary energy. The food deficit, in kilocalories per person per day, is measured by comparing the average amount of dietary energy that undernourished people get from the foods they eat with the minimum amount of dietary energy they need to maintain body weight and undertake light activity. The depth of hunger is low when it is less than 200 kilocalories per person per day, and high when it is higher than 300 kilocalories per person per day."
Births and maternity > Number of births: Total number of live births. A live birth refers to a birth after which the baby shows signs of life, however, if the baby dies after showing signs of life, it is still considered a live birth.
Hunger and malnutrition > Children > Small children underweight: Percentage of all children under 5 that are moderately or severely underweight.
Probability of not reaching 40: Probability at birth of not reaching the age of 40.
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Life expectancy > Male: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people). Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses.
Access to sanitation: The percentage of the total population with access to sanitation facilities
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Death rates > Infants: Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year."
Life expectancy at birth > Female: The average number of years to be lived by a females in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy > Female: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given: Maternity leave benefits.
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 1+ visit during pregnancy: Percentage of pregnant women who received at least one visit by a doctor or other highly specialized care provider.
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Births and maternity > Abortion > Legal abortions total per thousand people: Legally induced abortions by urban/rural residence of woman. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Spending > Per person: Spending per capita (PPP) in $US 1998.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people: AIDS deaths. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles: Percentage of children under 1 year old immunized against measles.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes: People living with HIV, 15-49 years old, percentage.
Life expectancy at birth > Male: The average number of years to be lived by amen in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Malaria cases > Per 100,000: Malaria cases (per 100,000 people)
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Total population
Life expectancy > 95 percent range: 95% range.
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cardiovascular diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cardiovascular disease rate, but rather how fatal cardiovascular diseases are in each country.
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses."
Health spending per capita: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Reproductive health > Pregnant women receiving prenatal care: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average female BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000: Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people)
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population): The number of people that die from injuries out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's injury rate, but rather how fatal injuries are in each country.
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Drug access: Population with access to essential drugs 2000. The data on access to essential drugs are based on statistical estimates received from World Health Organization (WHO) country and regional offices and regional advisers and through the World Drug Situation Survey carried out in 1998-99. These estimates represent the best information available to the WHO Department of Essential Drugs and Medicines Policy to date and are currently being validated by WHO member states. The department assigns the estimates to four groupings: very low access (0-49%), low access (50-79%), medium access (80-94%) and good access (95-100%). These groupings, used here in presenting the data, are often employed by the WHO in interpreting the data, as the actual estimates may suggest a higher level of accuracy than the data afford. b.
Infant mortality > Female babies: Infant mortality rate for females under 1 year.
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate: The number of people that die from noncommunicable diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's noncommunicable disease rate, but rather how fatal noncommunicable diseases are in each country.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in international dollars converted using 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) rates."
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average male BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Total population
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people: Total number of live births. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases.
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Dependency ratio per 100: Dependency ratio (per 100), 2003
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people): Dentistry personnel density (per 10 000 population).
Smoking rate > Women: Prevalence of smoking, female is the percentage of women ages 15 and over who smoke any form of tobacco, including cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, and excluding smokeless tobacco. Data include daily and non-daily smoking."
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases.
Births and maternity > Births attended by skill personnel: Births attended by skilled health personnel, percentage.
Births and maternity > Caesarean birth rate: Percentage of live births that are delivered through a cesarean section, more commonly referred to as a c-section.
Diseases > Leprosy cases: Number of reported Leprosy cases.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases: Number of reported cases of tetanus in newborns.
Infant mortality rate > Female: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 4+ visits during pregrancy: Percentage of pregnant women who received at least four visits by a doctor or other highly specialized care provider.
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight boys under 5: Prevalence of underweight children.
Tobacco > Male smoking rate: Male [%].
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid: Percentage of usual wages the country mandates employers to pay women on maternity leave. For instance, Italy requires employers to pay a woman 80% of her normal wages while off work after giving birth.
Diseases > Measles cases: Number of reported measles cases.
Tobacco > Female smoking rate: Female [%].
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births: Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence."
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Males
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country: Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death. "
HIV AIDS > Women living with aids 15-49: People living with HIV/AIDS, women (age 15-49)
Children living with AIDS per 1000: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14). Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Births and maternity > Future births per million people: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Spending > Public: World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms)."
Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate, 2003
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider: The method/s in which women receive an income during their maternity leave. Some countries put the responsibility solely on the employer, while others either include maternity leaves into their social welfare programs or use a combination of the two. Some countries do not have laws regarding maternity leave such as the United States and Papua New Guinea.
Infant mortality > Male babies: Infant mortality rate for males under 1 year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Children living with AIDS: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14)
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases per million people: Number of reported cases of tetanus in newborns. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Pertussis cases: Number of reported pertussis cases. Pertussis is commonly called whooping cough.
Diseases > Leprosy cases per million people: Number of reported Leprosy cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Total tetanus cases: Number of all reported tetanus cases.
Probability of dying before 5 > Females: Probability of females dying before reaching the age of 5. (2003)
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Spending > Private: Private expenditure on health as a percentage of GDP 1998.
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total: Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns.
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organizations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organizations. These resources are part of total health expenditure.
% immunized 1-year-old children > HepB3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - HepB3
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed."
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organisations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organisations. These resources are part of total health expenditure."
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions > % of total: Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions include infectious and parasitic diseases, respiratory infections, and nutritional deficiencies such as underweight and stunting.
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, male > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV, male (% ages 15-24). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %: Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%). Prevalence of anemia, pregnant women, is the percentage of pregnant women whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Private health spending > % of GDP: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations."
Nutrition > Consumption of iodized salt > % of households: Consumption of iodized salt refers to the percentage of households that use edible salt fortified with iodine.
Nutrition > Vitamin A supplementation coverage rate > % of children ages 6-59 months: Vitamin A supplementation refers to the percentage of children ages 6-59 months old who received at least one high-dose vitamin A capsule in the previous six months.
Public health spending > % of government spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds."
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - DPT3
Diseases > Total tetanus cases per million people: Number of all reported tetanus cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births: Low-birthweight babies are newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, with the measurement taken within the first hours of life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred."
Public health spending > % of total health spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
Mortality > Completeness of total death reporting > % of reported total deaths to estimated total deaths: Completeness of total death reporting is the number of total deaths reported by national statistics authorities to the United Nations Statistics Division's Demography Yearbook divided by the number of total deaths estimated by the United Nations Population Division.
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health: Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
% immunized 1-year-old children > TB: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - TB
% of population using adequate sanitation facilities > Urban: Health - % of population using adequate sanitation facilities 2000 - Urban
Mortality > Completeness of infant death reporting > % of reported infant deaths to estimated infant deaths: Completeness of infant death reporting is the number of infant deaths reported by national statistics authorities to the United Nations Statistics Division's Demography Yearbook divided by the number of infant deaths estimated by the United Nations Population Division.
Diseases > Rubella cases: Number of reported rubella cases. Rubella is commonly called the German Measles.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight girls under 5: Prevalence of underweight children.
Diseases > Rubella cases per million people: Number of reported rubella cases. Rubella is commonly called the German Measles. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Nutrition > % of children who are exclusively breastfed 6 months: Health - Nutrition - % of children (1995-2002) who are: exclusively breastfed (<6 months)
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered: Civil registration coverage of births (%).
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79: Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79). Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Life expectancy > 95% range: 95% range.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5: Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children under 5). Prevalence of anemia, children under age 5, is the percentage of children under age 5 whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total: Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and congenital anomalies.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV (% of population ages 15+ with HIV). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population ages 15+ who are living with HIV.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care > %: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%). Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only.
Maternity > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months: Exclusive breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months). Exclusive breastfeeding refers to the percentage of children less than six months old who are fed breast milk alone (no other liquids) in the past 24 hours.
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of total expenditure on health: Out-of-pocket health expenditure (% of total expenditure on health). Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.
Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV refers to the percentage of women of those ages 15-49 infected with HIV.
Health expenditure, private > % of GDP: Health expenditure, private (% of GDP). Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP: Health expenditure, public (% of GDP). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Nutrition > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months: Exclusive breastfeeding refers to the percentage of children less than six months old who are fed breast milk alone (no other liquids) in the past 24 hours.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Risk factors > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population with HIV.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Female > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Risk factors > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases."
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
Public health spending > % of GDP: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds."
Drinking water availability %: Coverage estimates shown are derived from information collected from two main sources: assessment questionnaires and household surveys. Assessment questionnaires were sent to all WHO country representatives, to be completed in liaison with local UNICEF st
Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health: Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health, 2002
% of population using adequate sanitation facilities > Total: Health - % of population using adequate sanitation facilities 2000 - Total
% of population using improved drinking water sources > Rural: Health - % of population using improved drinking water sources 2000 - Rural.
% of population using adequate sanitation facilities > Rural: Health - % of population using adequate sanitation facilities 2000 - Rural
% of population using improved drinking water sources > Urban: Health - % of population using improved drinking water sources 2000 - Urban
Births with health staff: Births attended by skilled health staff. Definitions of skilled health staff may vary across countries. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified or to a running average for a series of years surrounding the period 1995 to 2000.
Nutrition > % of children who are still breastfeeding 20-23 months: Health - Nutrition - % of children (1995-2002) who are: still breastfeeding (20-23 months)
Health expenditure, total > % of GDP: Health expenditure, total (% of GDP). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Smoking prevalence > Females > % of adults: Prevalence of smoking, female is the percentage of women who smoke cigarettes. The age range varies among countries but in most is 18 and older or 15 and older.
Expenditure > Total > % of GDP: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health: Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.
Nutrition > % of under-fives suffering from underweight moderate & severe: Health - Nutrition - % of under-fives (1995-2002) suffering from: underweight moderate & severe
% of population using improved drinking water sources > Total: Health - % of population using improved drinking water sources 2000 - Total
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP: Total expenditure on health as % of GDP, 2002
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Measles
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS: DOTS detection rate is the percentage of estimated new infectious tuberculosis cases detected under the directly observed treatment, short course case detection and treatment strategy.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Polio3
Malnutrition prevalence > Height for age > % of children under 5: Prevalence of child malnutrition (height for age) is the percentage of children under five whose height for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0 to 59 months. For children up to two years of age, height is measured by recumbent length. For older children, height is measured by stature while standing. The reference population adopted by the WHO in 1983, is based on children from the United States, who are assumed to be well nourished.
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Diseases > Overweight > Ratio of male to female BMI: Compares the ratio of male to female BMI by countries, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Smoking prevalence > Males > % of adults: Prevalence of smoking, male is the percentage of men who smoke cigarettes. The age range varies among countries but in most is 18 and older or 15 and older.
Immunisation > Immunization, measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months). Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Immunisation > Immunization, DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months). Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Diseases > Antiretroviral therapy coverage > % of people with advanced HIV infection: Antiretroviral therapy coverage (% of people with advanced HIV infection). Antiretroviral therapy coverage indicates the percentage of adults and children with advanced HIV infection currently receiving antiretroviral therapy among the estimated number of people needing antiretroviral therapy based on WHO 2010 guidelines.
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private health expenditure: Out-of-pocket expenditure on health as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
Malnutrition prevalence > Weight for age > % of children under 5: Prevalence of child malnutrition (weight for age) is the percentage of children under five whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median reference standard for their age as established by the World Health Organization, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Figures are based on children under age three, four, and five years of age, depending on the country.
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Diseases > Pertussis cases per million people: Number of reported pertussis cases. Pertussis is commonly called whooping cough. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Males
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health, 2002
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.

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STAT	Costa Rica	Dominican Republic
Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people	16.5 per 1,000 people Ranked 117th.	23.58 per 1,000 people Ranked 74th. 43% more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth	26.6 Ranked 24th. 4% more than Dominican Republic	25.7 Ranked 104th.
Births and maternity > Future births	47.44 Ranked 123th.	117.76 Ranked 97th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate	1.84% Ranked 127th. 1% more than Dominican Republic	1.83% Ranked 152nd.
Deaths > Percent deaths registered	90-100	50-74
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population)	119 Ranked 121st.	157 Ranked 33th. 32% more than Costa Rica
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman	2 births per woman Ranked 121st.	2.73 births per woman Ranked 82nd. 37% more than Costa Rica
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	1.4 per 1,000 people Ranked 51st.	2.1 per 1,000 people Ranked 45th. 50% more than Costa Rica
Infant mortality rate > Total	9.45 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 149th.	22.22 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 87th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Life expectancy at birth > Total population	77.72 years Ranked 53th. 1% more than Dominican Republic	77.31 years Ranked 59th.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years	81.84 Ranked 37th. 7% more than Dominican Republic	76.25 Ranked 99th.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years	77.25 Ranked 36th. 10% more than Dominican Republic	69.94 Ranked 100th.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years	79.49 Ranked 35th. 9% more than Dominican Republic	73.01 Ranked 102nd.
Physicians > Per 1,000 people	1.32 per 1,000 people Ranked 59th.	1.88 per 1,000 people Ranked 51st. 42% more than Costa Rica
Probability of reaching 65 > Male	80.1% Ranked 20th. 23% more than Dominican Republic	64.9% Ranked 80th.
Infant mortality rate	10.26 Ranked 122nd.	33.28 Ranked 64th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita	2.87 per 1,000 people Ranked 56th.	9.59 per 1,000 people Ranked 36th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate	8.6 Ranked 136th.	22.8 Ranked 78th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate	0.3% Ranked 87th.	0.9% Ranked 52nd. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	1.3 Ranked 65th. 30% more than Dominican Republic	1 Ranked 23th.
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI)	24.87 Ranked 68th.	25.45 Ranked 44th. 2% more than Costa Rica
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS	9,800 Ranked 97th.	57,000 Ranked 57th. 6 times more than Costa Rica
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	73.78 births Ranked 53th.	90.62 births Ranked 37th. 23% more than Costa Rica
Probability of reaching 65 > Female	87.2% Ranked 28th. 17% more than Dominican Republic	74.5% Ranked 89th.
Expenditure per capita > Current US$	289.7$ Ranked 65th. 96% more than Dominican Republic	148.1$ Ranked 94th.
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population > Percentage	8.2% Ranked 72nd.	15.6% Ranked 49th. 90% more than Costa Rica
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population	0.4 million Ranked 64th.	1.6 million Ranked 46th. 4 times more than Costa Rica
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$	$942.87 Ranked 48th. 3 times more than Dominican Republic	$295.69 Ranked 98th.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate	67.3 Ranked 18th.	98 Ranked 13th. 46% more than Costa Rica
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	11 Ranked 164th.	62 Ranked 95th. 6 times more than Costa Rica
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population per million people	0.0832 million Ranked 61st.	0.156 million Ranked 45th. 87% more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate	16.2 Ranked 21st.	20.4 Ranked 36th. 26% more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate	40 per 100,000 live births Ranked 110th.	150 per 100,000 live births Ranked 59th. 4 times more than Costa Rica
Maternal mortality	29 per 100,000 Ranked 97th.	230 per 100,000 Ranked 42nd. 8 times more than Costa Rica
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people	1.32 Ranked 60th.	1.88 Ranked 51st. 42% more than Costa Rica
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita	2.95 million Ranked 10th. 23 times more than Dominican Republic	130,903.78 Ranked 33th.
Death rates > Children under 5	10.6 Ranked 133th.	31.9 Ranked 75th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Death rates > Women	59.44 Ranked 133th.	135.74 Ranked 68th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Death rates > Men	112.51 Ranked 128th.	206.3 Ranked 74th. 83% more than Costa Rica
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths	500 Ranked 74th.	1,700 Ranked 30th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
HIV AIDS > Deaths	900 Ranked 65th.	2,300 Ranked 53th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Abortion > Legal abortions total	7,697 Ranked 30th.	29,167 Ranked 17th. 4 times more than Costa Rica
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day	150 Ranked 111th.	220 Ranked 61st. 47% more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Number of births	75,000 Ranked 21st.	188,991 Ranked 42nd. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Hunger and malnutrition > Children > Small children underweight	1.1% Ranked 17th.	3.4% Ranked 23th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Probability of not reaching 40	4% Ranked 106th.	11.9% Ranked 60th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years	78.95 years Ranked 26th. 16% more than Dominican Republic	68.13 years Ranked 110th.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita	0.215 per 1,000 people Ranked 52nd.	0.861 per 1,000 people Ranked 38th. 4 times more than Costa Rica
Life expectancy > Male	76.56 Ranked 27th. 10% more than Dominican Republic	69.9 Ranked 82nd.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	0.93 Ranked 15th.	1.84 Ranked 10th. 98% more than Costa Rica
Access to sanitation	93% Ranked 45th. 3% more than Dominican Republic	90% Ranked 53th.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU	14.16 trillion Ranked 17th. 11 times more than Dominican Republic	1.35 trillion Ranked 40th.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000	2.13 Ranked 78th.	5.77 Ranked 47th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Death rates > Infants	9.6 Ranked 130th.	26.7 Ranked 74th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Life expectancy at birth > Female	80.46 years Ranked 58th. 1% more than Dominican Republic	79.55 years Ranked 70th.
Life expectancy > Female	81.39 Ranked 33th. 8% more than Dominican Republic	75.37 Ranked 87th.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given	4 Ranked 175th.	52 Ranked 103th. 13 times more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 1+ visit during pregnancy	89.93% Ranked 24th.	98.9% Ranked 15th. 10% more than Costa Rica
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars	743 Ranked 43th. 3 times more than Dominican Republic	295 Ranked 95th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > Legal abortions total per thousand people	1.65 Ranked 36th.	3.12 Ranked 24th. 89% more than Costa Rica
Spending > Per person	257 Ranked 41st. 3 times more than Dominican Republic	95 Ranked 71st.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people	105.54 Ranked 59th.	167.53 Ranked 47th. 59% more than Costa Rica
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles	83% Ranked 146th. 5% more than Dominican Republic	79% Ranked 154th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes	0.3% Ranked 95th.	0.7% Ranked 61st. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Life expectancy at birth > Male	75.1 years Ranked 56th.	75.16 years Ranked 55th. The same as Costa Rica
Malaria cases > Per 100,000	42 Ranked 65th. 7 times more than Dominican Republic	6 Ranked 81st.
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years	81.2 years Ranked 32nd. 13% more than Dominican Republic	71.71 years Ranked 110th.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	67.2 Ranked 36th. 13% more than Dominican Republic	59.6 Ranked 101st.
Life expectancy > 95 percent range	(81.60-82.10)	(75.10-77.60)
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population)	163 Ranked 174th.	411 Ranked 56th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	0.93 Ranked 15th.	1.84 Ranked 10th. 98% more than Costa Rica
Health spending per capita	488.31 Ranked 63th. 2 times more than Dominican Republic	224.45 Ranked 92nd.
Reproductive health > Pregnant women receiving prenatal care	89.9% Ranked 11th.	98.9% Ranked 11th. 10% more than Costa Rica
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI)	23.68 Ranked 69th.	25.34 Ranked 30th. 7% more than Costa Rica
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years	76.8 years Ranked 22nd. 19% more than Dominican Republic	64.72 years Ranked 111th.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000	7 Ranked 137th.	88 Ranked 63th. 13 times more than Costa Rica
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population)	54 Ranked 116th.	109 Ranked 44th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000	0.216 Ranked 51st.	0.233 Ranked 43th. 8% more than Costa Rica
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men	82.3 Ranked 33th. 18% more than Dominican Republic	69.61 Ranked 92nd.
Drug access	95% Ranked 39th. 90% more than Dominican Republic	50% Ranked 132nd.
Infant mortality > Female babies	9.1 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 140th.	30 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 80th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate	439 Ranked 159th.	794 Ranked 55th. 81% more than Costa Rica
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women	89.7 Ranked 35th. 14% more than Dominican Republic	78.63 Ranked 107th.
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$878.47 Ranked 52nd. 2 times more than Dominican Republic	$411.19 Ranked 88th.
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI)	26.06 Ranked 61st. 2% more than Dominican Republic	25.55 Ranked 81st.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	77 Ranked 34th. 13% more than Dominican Republic	68 Ranked 106th.
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people	16.3 Ranked 20th.	20.23 Ranked 35th. 24% more than Costa Rica
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	14.37 per 100,000 people Ranked 157th.	90.54 per 100,000 people Ranked 82nd. 6 times more than Costa Rica
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index	0.862 Ranked 35th. 22% more than Dominican Republic	0.708 Ranked 95th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes	61 Ranked 158th.	124 Ranked 97th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Dependency ratio per 100	55 Ranked 108th.	58 Ranked 97th. 5% more than Costa Rica
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people)	5	8
Smoking rate > Women	7 Ranked 72nd.	11 Ranked 61st. 57% more than Costa Rica
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases	322 Ranked 119th.	2,373 Ranked 70th. 7 times more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Births attended by skill personnel	99.1% Ranked 4th. 1% more than Dominican Republic	97.8% Ranked 32nd.
Births and maternity > Caesarean birth rate	21% Ranked 45th.	42% Ranked 4th. Twice as much as Costa Rica
Diseases > Leprosy cases	11 Ranked 69th.	164 Ranked 45th. 15 times more than Costa Rica
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases	0.0 Ranked 158th.	2 Ranked 61st.
Infant mortality rate > Female	8.56 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 145th.	20.14 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 84th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 4+ visits during pregrancy	85.75% Ranked 6th.	94.5% Ranked 2nd. 10% more than Costa Rica
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight boys under 5	6% Ranked 5th. 20% more than Dominican Republic	5% Ranked 9th.
Tobacco > Male smoking rate	26.1 Ranked 98th. 49% more than Dominican Republic	17.5 Ranked 120th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15	7300	62000
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest	Illegal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid	100% Ranked 94th. The same as Dominican Republic	100% Ranked 103th.
Diseases > Measles cases	0.0 Ranked 169th.	0.0 Ranked 174th.
Life expectancy > Date of information	2006 est.	2006 est.
Tobacco > Female smoking rate	7.3 Ranked 72nd.	13.3 Ranked 58th. 82% more than Costa Rica
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births	44 Ranked 98th.	100 Ranked 68th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	69.3 Ranked 38th. 12% more than Dominican Republic	61.9 Ranked 98th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males	61 Ranked 158th.	124 Ranked 97th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people	72.15 Ranked 127th.	246.8 Ranked 74th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	65.2 Ranked 36th. 14% more than Dominican Republic	57.2 Ranked 108th.
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country	1,100 Ranked 71st. 3 times more than Dominican Republic	320 Ranked 99th.
HIV AIDS > Women living with aids 15-49	0.55 Ranked 56th.	2.5 Ranked 36th. 5 times more than Costa Rica
Children living with AIDS per 1000	0.0767 Ranked 52nd.	0.518 Ranked 35th. 7 times more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Future births per million people	15.7 Ranked 122nd.	22.02 Ranked 74th. 40% more than Costa Rica
Spending > Public	5.2%	1.9%
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms	100% Ranked 11th. 69% more than Dominican Republic	59% Ranked 136th.
Total fertility rate	2.3 Ranked 113th.	2.7 Ranked 91st. 17% more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider	50% Social security, 50% Employer	50% Social security, 50% Employer
Infant mortality > Male babies	11.8 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 139th.	39.7 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 75th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health	Legal	Illegal
Children living with AIDS	320 Ranked 68th.	4,700 Ranked 36th. 15 times more than Costa Rica
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	80 Ranked 34th. 11% more than Dominican Republic	72 Ranked 101st.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females	61 Ranked 158th.	124 Ranked 97th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14	2000	31000
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons	Illegal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request	Illegal	Illegal
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases per million people	0.0 Ranked 155th.	0.208 Ranked 51st.
Diseases > Pertussis cases	2,024 Ranked 14th. 202 times more than Dominican Republic	10 Ranked 93th.
Diseases > Leprosy cases per million people	2.46 Ranked 65th.	17.06 Ranked 47th. 7 times more than Costa Rica
Diseases > Total tetanus cases	1 Ranked 114th.	64 Ranked 26th. 64 times more than Costa Rica
Probability of dying before 5 > Females	15 per 1,000 people Ranked 129th.	45 per 1,000 people Ranked 78th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars	486 Ranked 43th. 5 times more than Dominican Republic	107 Ranked 111th.
Spending > Private	1.5% Ranked 104th.	3% Ranked 38th. Twice as much as Costa Rica
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP	5.08% Ranked 47th. 3 times more than Dominican Republic	1.9% Ranked 145th.
Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total	98.5% Ranked 13th.	98.7% Ranked 29th. About the same as Costa Rica
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	92% Ranked 53th. 18% more than Dominican Republic	78% Ranked 78th.
Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases	93.54% Ranked 13th. 18% more than Dominican Republic	79.57% Ranked 92nd.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care	91.7% Ranked 8th.	98.5% Ranked 2nd. 7% more than Costa Rica
External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health	0.8% Ranked 111th.	1.5% Ranked 97th. 88% more than Costa Rica
% immunized 1-year-old children > HepB3	94 Ranked 45th. 49% more than Dominican Republic	63 Ranked 91st.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases	88.18% Ranked 30th. 14% more than Dominican Republic	77.54% Ranked 81st.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	95% Ranked 63th. 14% more than Dominican Republic	83% Ranked 86th.
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health	0.14% Ranked 116th.	3.24% Ranked 74th. 23 times more than Costa Rica
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions > % of total	6.8% Ranked 143th.	22.2% Ranked 77th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, male > % ages 15-24	0.1% Ranked 99th. The same as Dominican Republic	0.1% Ranked 102nd.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %	27.9% Ranked 5th.	39.93% Ranked 37th. 43% more than Costa Rica
Private health spending > % of GDP	2.19% Ranked 98th.	3.44% Ranked 41st. 57% more than Costa Rica
Nutrition > Consumption of iodized salt > % of households	92% Ranked 1st. 5 times more than Dominican Republic	18.5% Ranked 31st.
Nutrition > Vitamin A supplementation coverage rate > % of children ages 6-59 months	60% Ranked 44th. 50% more than Dominican Republic	40% Ranked 44th.
Public health spending > % of government spending	25.79% Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Dominican Republic	9.2% Ranked 122nd.
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3	94 Ranked 80th. 31% more than Dominican Republic	72 Ranked 149th.
Diseases > Total tetanus cases per million people	0.224 Ranked 101st.	6.66 Ranked 17th. 30 times more than Costa Rica
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births	6.6% Ranked 29th.	11% Ranked 10th. 67% more than Costa Rica
Public health spending > % of total health spending	72.93% Ranked 55th. 2 times more than Dominican Republic	35.95% Ranked 156th.
Mortality > Completeness of total death reporting > % of reported total deaths to estimated total deaths	97.16% Ranked 25th. 79% more than Dominican Republic	54.3% Ranked 46th.
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health	1% Ranked 86th. 3 times more than Dominican Republic	0.4% Ranked 95th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > TB	91 Ranked 89th.	99 Ranked 37th. 9% more than Costa Rica
Population suffering from undernourishment in 1990-1992	6% Ranked 87th.	27% Ranked 41st. 5 times more than Costa Rica
Population suffering from undernourishment in 2001-2003	4% Ranked 96th.	27% Ranked 32nd. 7 times more than Costa Rica
% of population using adequate sanitation facilities > Urban	89 Ranked 87th. 27% more than Dominican Republic	70 Ranked 115th.
Mortality > Completeness of infant death reporting > % of reported infant deaths to estimated infant deaths	91.07% Ranked 9th. 102 times more than Dominican Republic	0.89% Ranked 35th.
Diseases > Rubella cases	0.0 Ranked 154th.	0.0 Ranked 158th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health	Legal	Illegal
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight girls under 5	4% Ranked 6th.	5% Ranked 9th. 25% more than Costa Rica
Diseases > Rubella cases per million people	0.0 Ranked 151st.	0.0 Ranked 155th.
Nutrition > % of children who are exclusively breastfed 6 months	35 Ranked 49th. 3 times more than Dominican Republic	11 Ranked 105th.
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered	>90	78
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79	8.81% Ranked 72nd. 20% more than Dominican Republic	7.36% Ranked 97th.
Life expectancy > 95% range	(81.60-82.10)	(75.10-77.60)
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5	20.9% Ranked 3rd.	34.61% Ranked 48th. 66% more than Costa Rica
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total	80.67% Ranked 68th. 18% more than Dominican Republic	68.17% Ranked 112th.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	42.2% Ranked 63th.	53.1% Ranked 46th. 26% more than Costa Rica
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care > %	89.9% Ranked 23th.	98.9% Ranked 17th. 10% more than Costa Rica
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49	0.29% Ranked 88th.	1.11% Ranked 53th. 4 times more than Costa Rica
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49	80% Ranked 2nd. 15% more than Dominican Republic	69.8% Ranked 4th.
Maternity > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months	15.3% Ranked 37th. 96% more than Dominican Republic	7.8% Ranked 21st.
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	89% Ranked 105th.	99% Ranked 22nd. 11% more than Costa Rica
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of total expenditure on health	27.22% Ranked 103th.	39.97% Ranked 64th. 47% more than Costa Rica
Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	27.4% Ranked 82nd.	50% Ranked 53th. 82% more than Costa Rica
Health expenditure, private > % of GDP	3.25% Ranked 55th. 20% more than Dominican Republic	2.72% Ranked 76th.
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP	7.62% Ranked 21st. 3 times more than Dominican Republic	2.65% Ranked 133th.
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 45th. 3% more than Dominican Republic	97% Ranked 97th.
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access	92% Ranked 57th. 1% more than Dominican Republic	91% Ranked 60th.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	91% Ranked 101st. 18% more than Dominican Republic	77% Ranked 151st.
Nutrition > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months	15.3% Ranked 36th. 63% more than Dominican Republic	9.4% Ranked 19th.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access	96% Ranked 53th. 30% more than Dominican Republic	74% Ranked 84th.
Risk factors > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	28.13% Ranked 92nd.	50.85% Ranked 43th. 81% more than Costa Rica
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Female > % ages 15-24	0.2% Ranked 82nd.	0.6% Ranked 55th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Risk factors > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	10.69 Ranked 154th.	72.89 Ranked 84th. 7 times more than Costa Rica
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49	0.4% Ranked 79th.	1.1% Ranked 50th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Public health spending > % of GDP	5.9% Ranked 36th. 3 times more than Dominican Republic	1.93% Ranked 143th.
Drinking water availability %	95% Ranked 46th. 10% more than Dominican Republic	86% Ranked 72nd.
Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health	34.6% Ranked 103th.	63.6% Ranked 30th. 84% more than Costa Rica
% of population using adequate sanitation facilities > Total	93 Ranked 53th. 39% more than Dominican Republic	67 Ranked 96th.
% of population using improved drinking water sources > Rural	92 Ranked 43th. 18% more than Dominican Republic	78 Ranked 67th.
% of population using adequate sanitation facilities > Rural	97 Ranked 40th. 62% more than Dominican Republic	60 Ranked 79th.
% of population using improved drinking water sources > Urban	99 Ranked 48th. 10% more than Dominican Republic	90 Ranked 102nd.
Births with health staff	98% Ranked 28th. 2% more than Dominican Republic	96% Ranked 38th.
Nutrition > % of children who are still breastfeeding 20-23 months	12 Ranked 91st. Twice as much as Dominican Republic	6 Ranked 105th.
Health expenditure, total > % of GDP	10.87% Ranked 14th. 2 times more than Dominican Republic	5.36% Ranked 124th.
Smoking prevalence > Females > % of adults	9.7% Ranked 21st.	10.9% Ranked 22nd. 12% more than Costa Rica
Expenditure > Total > % of GDP	6.6% Ranked 76th. 10% more than Dominican Republic	6% Ranked 95th.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health	88.7% Ranked 88th. 21% more than Dominican Republic	73.1% Ranked 137th.
Nutrition > % of under-fives suffering from underweight moderate & severe	5 Ranked 118th. The same as Dominican Republic	5 Ranked 120th.
% of population using improved drinking water sources > Total	95 Ranked 49th. 10% more than Dominican Republic	86 Ranked 76th.
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP	9.3% Ranked 21st. 52% more than Dominican Republic	6.1% Ranked 89th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles	94 Ranked 69th. 2% more than Dominican Republic	92 Ranked 77th.
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS	118.22% Ranked 4th. 56% more than Dominican Republic	75.82% Ranked 50th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3	94 Ranked 78th. 29% more than Dominican Republic	73 Ranked 148th.
Malnutrition prevalence > Height for age > % of children under 5	6.1% Ranked 35th.	8.9% Ranked 13th. 46% more than Costa Rica
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	89% Ranked 84th. 10% more than Dominican Republic	81% Ranked 99th.
Diseases > Overweight > Ratio of male to female BMI	1.1 Ranked 54th. 9% more than Dominican Republic	1.01 Ranked 149th.
Smoking prevalence > Males > % of adults	29% Ranked 20th. 84% more than Dominican Republic	15.8% Ranked 38th.
Immunisation > Immunization, measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	90% Ranked 123th. 14% more than Dominican Republic	79% Ranked 160th.
Immunisation > Immunization, DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	91% Ranked 124th. 7% more than Dominican Republic	85% Ranked 144th.
Diseases > Antiretroviral therapy coverage > % of people with advanced HIV infection	74% Ranked 19th.	77% Ranked 16th. 4% more than Costa Rica
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private health expenditure	99% Ranked 58th. 12% more than Dominican Republic	88.2% Ranked 100th.
Malnutrition prevalence > Weight for age > % of children under 5	5.1% Ranked 36th.	5.3% Ranked 16th. 4% more than Costa Rica
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 40th. 15% more than Dominican Republic	87% Ranked 146th.
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access	97% Ranked 67th. 13% more than Dominican Republic	86% Ranked 112th.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	95% Ranked 79th. 9% more than Dominican Republic	87% Ranked 100th.
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	5% Ranked 154th.	24% Ranked 29th. 5 times more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life	Legal	Legal
Diseases > Pertussis cases per million people	453.48 Ranked 1st. 436 times more than Dominican Republic	1.04 Ranked 89th.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	75 Ranked 32nd. 15% more than Dominican Republic	65 Ranked 112th.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	5% Ranked 110th.	29% Ranked 31st. 6 times more than Costa Rica
Improved water source > % of population with access	97% Ranked 55th. 2% more than Dominican Republic	95% Ranked 66th.
External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health	1.3% Ranked 99th.	1.4% Ranked 98th. 8% more than Costa Rica
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment	Illegal	Illegal

SOURCES: World Development Indicators database; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York; CIA World Factbook, 28 July 2005; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organisation, OECD, supplemented by country data.; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16. http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-439.pdf. Walpole et al., BMC Public Health 2012, 12:4; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. 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New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm, (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Human Mortality Database. [ www.mortality.org or www.humanmortality.de] downloaded on Dec. 10, 2009.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Food and Agriculture Organisation, Food Security Statistics (http://www.fao.org/economic/ess/food-security-statistics/en/).; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UN 2001 via backone.pdf; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. 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Correspondence on access to essential drugs. Department of Essential Drugs and Medecines Policy. February. Geneva; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization. Source tables; The World Health Report 2001; UNICEF; World Health Organisation and United Nations Children's Fund, Joint Measurement Programme (JMP) (http://www.wssinfo.org/).; Derived based on the data from WHO's World Health Statistics.; UNAIDS estimates.; World Health Organization, Worldwide Prevalence of Anemia.; United Nations Children's Fund, State of the World's Children.; World Health Organization. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. 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Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.

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