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Crime Stats: compare key data on Dominican Republic & Morocco

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Definitions

  • Assault rate: Number of assaults recorded by police per 100,000 population
  • Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years: Crime increasing in the past 3 years. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "In the past three years would you say the level of crime in your community has increased, stayed about the same, or decreased?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Crime levels: Level of crime. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How serious you feel the level of crime is?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Drugs > Annual cannabis use: Estimate of percentage of 15-64 year old population who use Cannabis.
  • Drugs > Opiates use: Annual prevalence.
  • Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year): Year of last use.
  • Murder rate: Homicide rate per year per 100,000 inhabitants in various countries.
  • Police officers: Number of police officers per 100,000 population.
  • Robberies: Number of robberies recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents: Number of privately owned small firearms per 100 residents.
  • Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate: Homicides per 100’000 residents. Homicide is the death of a person purposefully inflicted by another person (it excludes suicides) outside of a state of war. Homicide is a broader category than murder, as it also includes manslaughter. The exact legal definition varies across countries, some of which include infanticide, assisted suicide, euthanasia and deaths caused by dangerous driving.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murder rate per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Violent crime > Murders: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
  • Violent crime > Murders per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Fear of crime > Violent hate crime: Worries being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being subject to a physical attack because of your skin colour, ethnic origin or religion?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night: Safety walking alone during night. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the night?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Kidnappings: Number of kidnappings recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Murders > Per 100,000 people: Intentional homicide rate is the estimate of intentional homicides in a country as a result of domestic disputes that end in a killing, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, inter-gang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. The term, intentional homicide, is broad, but it does not include all intentional killing. In particular, deaths arising from armed conflict are usually considered separately. The difference is usually described by the organisation of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas the killing in armed conflict is usually committed by more or less cohesive groups of up to several hundred members. Two main sources of data are presented: criminal justice (law enforcement) measures (this series), supplemented by data from national statistical agencies, and measures from public health sources (see other intentional homicide series). These various sources measure slightly different phenomena and are therefore unlikely to provide identical numbers."
  • Prisoners: Total persons incarcerated
  • Assaults: Number of assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Punishment > Maximum length of sentence: Maximum length of sentence (under life).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Auto theft: Number of motor vehicle thefts (car thefts) recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery: Problem violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Murders > WHO: Intentional homicide rate is the estimate of intentional homicides in a country as a result of domestic disputes that end in a killing, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, inter-gang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. The term, intentional homicide, is broad, but it does not include all intentional killing. In particular, deaths arising from armed conflict are usually considered separately. The difference is usually described by the organisation of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas the killing in armed conflict is usually committed by more or less cohesive groups of up to several hundred members. Two main sources of data are presented: criminal justice (law enforcement) measures (this series), supplemented by data from national statistical agencies, and measures from public health sources (see other intentional homicide series). These various sources measure slightly different phenomena and are therefore unlikely to provide identical numbers."
  • Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day: Safety walking alone during daylight. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How safe do you feel walking alone in this city during the daylight?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Prisoners > Per capita: Data for 2003. Number of prisoners held per 100,000 population.
  • Punishment > Crimes possibly attracting life sentence: Possible other sentence.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked: Worries attacked. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being physically attacked by strangers?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Software piracy rate: The piracy rate is the total number of units of pirated software deployed in 2007 divided by the total units of software installed.
  • Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft: Problem property crimes such as vandalism and theft. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) property crimes such as vandalism and theft?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Perceived problems > Illegal drugs: Problem people using or dealing drugs. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) people using or dealing drugs?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery: Problem corruption and bribery. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How much of a problem are...) corruption and bribery?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Sentence Length: Total average sentence length served
  • Punishment > Minimum life sentence to serve before eligibility for requesting parole: Minimum to serve before eligibility for requesting parole.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted: Worries being insulted. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being insulted or pestered by anybody, while in the street or any other public place?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed: Worries being mugged or robbed. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......being mugged and robbed?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Illicit drugs: Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Serious assaults: Number of major assaults recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Prisoners per 1000: Total persons incarcerated. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Prosecution rate: Number of people prosecuted.
  • Punishment > Crimes requiring mandatory sentence: Mandatory sentence.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Drug related crime: Number of drug related crimes recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Judges: Number of professional judges per 100,000 population.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter: Worries home broken and things stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How worried are you about....having your home broken into and something stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Drug trafficking: Number of drug trafficking related crimes recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Prisoners > Female: Female prisoners, expressed as a percentage share of the total prison population. Data for 2003.
  • Punishment > Life sentence under the age of 18 or 21: Under age of 18 (or 21).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Punishment > Has life imprisonment: Life imprisonment.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen: Worries things from car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having things stolen from your car?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Punishment > Has indefinite sentence: Indefinite sentence (excl. preventive or psychiatric detainment).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Prosecutors: Number of prosecutors per 100,000 population.
  • Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen: Worries car stolen. Based on 0-50 contributions for Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria and 82 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Argentina, Belgium, Bulgaria and 24 more countries and over 100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Canada and 17 more countries. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from July, 2011 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "(How worried are you about)......having your car stolen?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
  • Prison staff: Number of correction staff in adult prisons per 100,000 population.
  • Jails: Total number of adult prisons, penal or correctional institutions (excluding temporary jail lock-ups). Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence.
  • Prisoners > Share of prison capacity filled: The percentage of the offical prison capacity filled. This is obtained by comparing the number of prisoners in a nation to the offical capacity of the nation's prison system. Data for 2003.
  • Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses: Number of organised crime gang participation offences recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population.
  • Prosecution rate per million: Number of people prosecuted. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses per million: Number of organised crime gang participation offences recorded by police in that country per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Jails per million: Total number of adult prisons, penal or correctional institutions (excluding temporary jail lock-ups). Crime statistics are often better indicators of prevalence of law enforcement and willingness to report crime, than actual prevalence. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Prisoners > Pre-trial detainees: The percentage of the prison population that is being held pre-trial / on remand. Data for 2003.
  • Unpaid diplomatic parking fines: Average Unpaid Annual New York City Parking Violations per Diplomat, 11/1997 to 11/2002.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Police recorded offences per million: Number of offences relating to smuggling of migrants (people smuggling) as recorded by police in that country. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Unpaid diplomatic parking fines per million: Average Unpaid Annual New York City Parking Violations per Diplomat, 11/1997 to 11/2002. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Smuggling of migrants > Police recorded offences: Number of offences relating to smuggling of migrants (people smuggling) as recorded by police in that country.
  • Property crime > Losses due to theft, robbery, vandalism, and arson > % sales: Losses due to theft, robbery, vandalism, and arson (% sales). Losses due to theft, robbery, vandalism, and arson are the estimated losses from those causes that occurred on establishments' premises as a percentage of annual sales.
STAT Dominican Republic Morocco HISTORY
Assault rate 155.1
Ranked 35th.
186
Ranked 33th. 20% more than Dominican Republic
Believes crime increasing in the past 3 years 77.5
Ranked 3rd. 1% more than Morocco
77.08
Ranked 15th.
Crime levels 73.75
Ranked 5th.
73.96
Ranked 13th. About the same as Dominican Republic
Drugs > Annual cannabis use 0.3%
Ranked 27th.
4.2%
Ranked 6th. 14 times more than Dominican Republic
Drugs > Opiates use 0.1%
Ranked 17th. 5 times more than Morocco
0.02%
Ranked 29th.
Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year) 1,966
Ranked 22nd.
1,993
Ranked 25th. 1% more than Dominican Republic
Murder rate 22 0.4
Police officers 303.5
Ranked 16th.
0.0
Ranked 17th.

Robberies 556.4
Ranked 2nd. 7 times more than Morocco
83.4
Ranked 25th.
Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents 5.1
Ranked 95th. 2% more than Morocco
5
Ranked 96th.
Violent crime > Intentional homicide rate 25
Ranked 13th. 18 times more than Morocco
1.4
Ranked 38th.

Violent crime > Murder rate 2,513
Ranked 6th. 6 times more than Morocco
447
Ranked 37th.

Violent crime > Murder rate per million people 247.64
Ranked 4th. 18 times more than Morocco
14.13
Ranked 66th.

Violent crime > Murders 2,513
Ranked 6th. 6 times more than Morocco
447
Ranked 37th.

Violent crime > Murders per million people 247.64
Ranked 4th. 18 times more than Morocco
14.13
Ranked 66th.

Fear of crime > Violent hate crime 32.89
Ranked 7th. 10% more than Morocco
30
Ranked 39th.
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > At night 22.37
Ranked 14th. 2% more than Morocco
22
Ranked 82nd.
Kidnappings 0.14
Ranked 47th.
0.27
Ranked 38th. 93% more than Dominican Republic
Murders > Per 100,000 people 24.2
Ranked 16th. 22 times more than Morocco
1.1
Ranked 114th.
Prisoners 13,836 prisoners
Ranked 60th.
54,351 prisoners
Ranked 29th. 4 times more than Dominican Republic
Assaults 155.1
Ranked 24th.
186
Ranked 23th. 20% more than Dominican Republic
Punishment > Maximum length of sentence 30 years None
Auto theft 30.6
Ranked 45th. 7 times more than Morocco
4.4
Ranked 61st.
Perceived problems > Problem violent crimes including assault and armed robbery 78.75
Ranked 4th. 13% more than Morocco
70
Ranked 16th.
Murders > WHO 16.8
Ranked 34th. 34 times more than Morocco
0.5
Ranked 182nd.
Fear of crime > Feels safe walking alone > During the day 58.75
Ranked 14th. 13% more than Morocco
52
Ranked 79th.

Prisoners > Per capita 157 per 100,000 people
Ranked 57th.
176 per 100,000 people
Ranked 44th. 12% more than Dominican Republic
Punishment > Crimes possibly attracting life sentence No life imprisonment sentence Drug trafficking and manufacturing
Fear of crime > Worries about being attacked 66.25
Ranked 4th.
72
Ranked 9th. 9% more than Dominican Republic
Software piracy rate 79%
Ranked 30th. 18% more than Morocco
67%
Ranked 47th.
Perceived problems > Property crimes including vandalism and theft 80
Ranked 3rd. 20% more than Morocco
66.67
Ranked 17th.
Perceived problems > Illegal drugs 72.5
Ranked 4th.
72.83
Ranked 8th. About the same as Dominican Republic
Perceived problems > Problem corruption and bribery 88.89
Ranked 4th.
90.62
Ranked 12th. 2% more than Dominican Republic
Sentence Length 48
Ranked 24th.
736
Ranked 9th. 15 times more than Dominican Republic
Punishment > Minimum life sentence to serve before eligibility for requesting parole Varies, depending on sentence Never
Fear of crime > Worries about being insulted 61.11
Ranked 3rd.
70
Ranked 4th. 15% more than Dominican Republic
Fear of crime > Worries about being mugged or robbed 66.25
Ranked 5th.
68
Ranked 19th. 3% more than Dominican Republic
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; has become a transshipment point for ecstasy from the Netherlands and Belgium destined for US and Canada; substantial money laundering activity; Colombian narcotics traffickers favor the Dominican Republic for illicit financial transactions; significant amphetamine consumption one of the world's largest producers of illicit hashish; shipments of hashish mostly directed to Western Europe; transit point for cocaine from South America destined for Western Europe; significant consumer of cannabis
Serious assaults 5.9
Ranked 40th.
113.3
Ranked 7th. 19 times more than Dominican Republic
Prisoners per 1000 1.55 prisoners
Ranked 57th.
1.85 prisoners
Ranked 44th. 20% more than Dominican Republic
Prosecution rate 94
Ranked 35th.
447,509
Ranked 1st. 4761 times more than Dominican Republic
Punishment > Crimes requiring mandatory sentence No life imprisonment sentence Murder, terrorism, treason
Drug related crime 34
Ranked 37th.
56
Ranked 27th. 65% more than Dominican Republic
Judges 5.9%
Ranked 33th.
10.1%
Ranked 24th. 71% more than Dominican Republic
Fear of crime > Worries about home break and enter 58.75
Ranked 6th.
72.92
Ranked 7th. 24% more than Dominican Republic
Drug trafficking 19
Ranked 23th.
27
Ranked 16th. 42% more than Dominican Republic
Prisoners > Female 3.1%
Ranked 90th.
3.3%
Ranked 86th. 6% more than Dominican Republic
Punishment > Life sentence under the age of 18 or 21 13\u201315 : max. 5 years' imprisonment 16\u201317 : max. 8 years' imprisonment Yes
Punishment > Has life imprisonment No Yes
Fear of crime > Worries about things from car being stolen 62.5
Ranked 6th.
77
Ranked 9th. 23% more than Dominican Republic
Punishment > Has indefinite sentence No No
Prosecutors 2.2%
Ranked 40th. 22% more than Morocco
1.8%
Ranked 43th.
Fear of crime > Worries about car being stolen 51.25
Ranked 5th.
52
Ranked 30th. 1% more than Dominican Republic
Prison staff 9.4%
Ranked 51st.
16.4%
Ranked 46th. 74% more than Dominican Republic

Jails 32
Ranked 47th.
46
Ranked 37th. 44% more than Dominican Republic
Prisoners > Share of prison capacity filled 175.3%
Ranked 19th. 13% more than Morocco
155.1%
Ranked 31st.
Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses 4
Ranked 41st.
156
Ranked 9th. 39 times more than Dominican Republic

Prosecution rate per million 9.92
Ranked 34th.
14,723.07
Ranked 1st. 1485 times more than Dominican Republic
Organised crime gang membership > Police recorded offenses per million 0.422
Ranked 44th.
5.13
Ranked 20th. 12 times more than Dominican Republic

Jails per million 3.58
Ranked 44th. 2 times more than Morocco
1.57
Ranked 71st.
Prisoners > Pre-trial detainees 79.8%
Ranked 3rd. 96% more than Morocco
40.7%
Ranked 46th.
Unpaid diplomatic parking fines 0.1
Ranked 122nd.
60
Ranked 13th. 600 times more than Dominican Republic
Smuggling of migrants > Police recorded offences per million 0.422
Ranked 43th.
246.75
Ranked 5th. 585 times more than Dominican Republic

Unpaid diplomatic parking fines per million 0.0112
Ranked 117th.
2.05
Ranked 41st. 183 times more than Dominican Republic
Smuggling of migrants > Police recorded offences 4
Ranked 43th.
7,500
Ranked 2nd. 1875 times more than Dominican Republic

Property crime > Losses due to theft, robbery, vandalism, and arson > % sales 0.7%
Ranked 18th.
0.0
Ranked 17th.

SOURCES: European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011; crime; https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/WDR2011/World_Drug_Report_2011_ebook.pdf, World Drug Report 2011, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), 2011, p. 217.; Wikipedia: List of countries by prevalence of opiates use ("World Drug Report 2011" . United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2011. "World Drug Report 2006" . United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2006. http://www.unodc.org/documents/wdr/WDR_2009/WDR2009_eng_web.pdf); Wikipedia: Capital punishment in Europe (Abolition); European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011; Annexe I of the Small Arms Survey 2007 ; Wikipedia: List of countries by intentional homicide rate by decade; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UN Office on Drugs and Crime, UN Survey of Crime Trends, at http://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/IHS-rates-05012009.pdf.; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention); Wikipedia: Life imprisonment (Summary by country); World Health Organisation.; International Centre for Prison Studies - World Prison Brief; Fifth Annual BSA and IDC Global Software Piracy Study; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention); CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control International Statistics on Crime and Justice, 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; The Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (2002) (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Centre for International Crime Prevention). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Cultures of Corruption: Evidence from Diplomatic Parking Tickets Ray Fisman Edward Miguel Columbia University and NBER University of California, Berkeley and NBER 2006; Cultures of Corruption: Evidence from Diplomatic Parking Tickets Ray Fisman Edward Miguel Columbia University and NBER University of California, Berkeley and NBER 2006. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank, Enterprise Surveys

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