Health Stats: compare key data on Malaysia & Zambia

Definitions

Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people: Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the population growth rate in the absence of migration.
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth: Average age of mother at first childbirth.
Births and maternity > Future births: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate.
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cancer out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cancer rate, but rather how fatal cancer is in each country.
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included.
Human height > Average female height: Average female height.
Human height > Average male height: Average male height.
Life expectancy > Men: Life expectancy for men.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population: The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years: Life expectancy at birth, female (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years: Life expectancy at birth, male (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years: Life expectancy at birth, total (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians are defined as graduates of any facility or school of medicine who are working in the country in any medical field (practice, teaching, research).
Probability of reaching 65 > Male: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Infant mortality rate > Total: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman: Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate: How many infants, out of 1000, who will die before attaining one year of age.
Life expectancy > Women: Life expectancy for women.
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate: An estimate of the percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with HIV/AIDS. The adult prevalence rate is calculated by dividing the estimated number of adults living with HIV/AIDS at yearend by the total adult population at yearend.
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included."
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average BMI (combining male and female population), according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS.
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19: Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
Probability of reaching 65 > Female: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Expenditure per capita > Current US$: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population > Percentage: Percentage of population that subsists on less than the required nutritional amounts per day.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$: Health expenditure per capita (current US$). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate: Percentage of females aged 15-19 who give birth, out of all females the same age in the country.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people). Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Incidence includes patients with HIV.
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate: Country's crude birth rate. The crude birth rate is the number of live births for every 1,000 people.
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate: Number of mothers who died giving birth, out of 100,000 births.
Maternal mortality: Maternal mortality reported per 100,000 births 1985-1999. The maternal mortality data are those reported by national authorities. UNICEF and the World Health Organization periodically evaluate these data and make adjustments to account for the well-documented problems of under-reporting and misclassification of maternal deaths and to develop estimates for countries with no data (for details on the most recent estimates see Hill, AbouZahr and Wardlaw 2001). Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Death rates > Children under 5: Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates."
Death rates > Women: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Death rates > Men: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
HIV AIDS > Deaths: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day: Depth of hunger or the intensity of food deprivation, indicates how much food-deprived people fall short of minimum food needs in terms of dietary energy. The food deficit, in kilocalories per person per day, is measured by comparing the average amount of dietary energy that undernourished people get from the foods they eat with the minimum amount of dietary energy they need to maintain body weight and undertake light activity. The depth of hunger is low when it is less than 200 kilocalories per person per day, and high when it is higher than 300 kilocalories per person per day."
Tobacco > Total adult smokers: Total adults smoking
Births and maternity > Number of births: Total number of live births. A live birth refers to a birth after which the baby shows signs of life, however, if the baby dies after showing signs of life, it is still considered a live birth.
Hunger and malnutrition > Children > Small children underweight: Percentage of all children under 5 that are moderately or severely underweight.
Probability of not reaching 40: Probability at birth of not reaching the age of 40.
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Reproductive health > Use of birth control > Women over 15: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only."
Life expectancy > Male: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people). Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Death rates > Infants: Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year."
Life expectancy at birth > Female: The average number of years to be lived by a females in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy > Female: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given: Maternity leave benefits.
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 1+ visit during pregnancy: Percentage of pregnant women who received at least one visit by a doctor or other highly specialized care provider.
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Spending > Per person: Spending per capita (PPP) in $US 1998.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes: People living with HIV, 15-49 years old, percentage.
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles: Percentage of children under 1 year old immunized against measles.
Life expectancy at birth > Male: The average number of years to be lived by amen in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Malaria cases > Per 100,000: Malaria cases (per 100,000 people)
Sanitation > Investment in water and sanitation with private participation > Current US$: Investment in water and sanitation with private participation (current US$). Investment in water and sanitation projects with private participation covers infrastructure projects in water and sanitation that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets, incinerators, standalone solid waste projects, and small projects are excluded. The types of projects included are operations and management contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure, greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility), and divestitures. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernization of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy > 95 percent range: 95% range.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Total population
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cardiovascular diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cardiovascular disease rate, but rather how fatal cardiovascular diseases are in each country.
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses."
Health spending per capita: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Reproductive health > Pregnant women receiving prenatal care: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average female BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000: Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people)
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population): The number of people that die from injuries out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's injury rate, but rather how fatal injuries are in each country.
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Drug access: Population with access to essential drugs 2000. The data on access to essential drugs are based on statistical estimates received from World Health Organization (WHO) country and regional offices and regional advisers and through the World Drug Situation Survey carried out in 1998-99. These estimates represent the best information available to the WHO Department of Essential Drugs and Medicines Policy to date and are currently being validated by WHO member states. The department assigns the estimates to four groupings: very low access (0-49%), low access (50-79%), medium access (80-94%) and good access (95-100%). These groupings, used here in presenting the data, are often employed by the WHO in interpreting the data, as the actual estimates may suggest a higher level of accuracy than the data afford. b.
Infant mortality > Female babies: Infant mortality rate for females under 1 year.
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate: The number of people that die from noncommunicable diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's noncommunicable disease rate, but rather how fatal noncommunicable diseases are in each country.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in international dollars converted using 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) rates."
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average male BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Total population
Tobacco > Total adult smokers per million: Total adults smoking. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people: Total number of live births. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Intestinal diseases death rate: Death rate from intestinal infectious diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO code B01 for all age groups by sex. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data for the country in that particular year. The death rates were standardized utilizing the age structure for the population of Canada. See page 22 of the2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Sanitation > Investment in water and sanitation with private participation > Current US$ per capita: Investment in water and sanitation with private participation (current US$). Investment in water and sanitation projects with private participation covers infrastructure projects in water and sanitation that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets, incinerators, standalone solid waste projects, and small projects are excluded. The types of projects included are operations and management contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure, greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility), and divestitures. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernization of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (men): Percentage of males aged over 15 years who are obese. The World Health Organization defines obesity as a body mass index over 30. The average BMI is 18.5 to 24.9.
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Dependency ratio per 100: Dependency ratio (per 100), 2003
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people): Dentistry personnel density (per 10 000 population).
Smoking rate > Women: Prevalence of smoking, female is the percentage of women ages 15 and over who smoke any form of tobacco, including cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, and excluding smokeless tobacco. Data include daily and non-daily smoking."
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases.
Births and maternity > Births attended by skill personnel: Births attended by skilled health personnel, percentage.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases: Number of reported cases of tetanus in newborns.
Infant mortality rate > Female: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight boys under 5: Prevalence of underweight children.
Tobacco > Male smoking rate: Male [%].
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid: Percentage of usual wages the country mandates employers to pay women on maternity leave. For instance, Italy requires employers to pay a woman 80% of her normal wages while off work after giving birth.
Diseases > Measles cases: Number of reported measles cases.
Tobacco > Female smoking rate: Female [%].
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births: Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence."
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (women): Percentage of females aged over 15 years who are obese. The World Health Organization defines obesity as a body mass index over 30. The average BMI is 18.5 to 24.9.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Males
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country: Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death. "
HIV AIDS > Women living with aids 15-49: People living with HIV/AIDS, women (age 15-49)
Children living with AIDS per 1000: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14). Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Births and maternity > Future births per million people: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Spending > Public: World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms)."
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider: The method/s in which women receive an income during their maternity leave. Some countries put the responsibility solely on the employer, while others either include maternity leaves into their social welfare programs or use a combination of the two. Some countries do not have laws regarding maternity leave such as the United States and Papua New Guinea.
Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate, 2003
Infant mortality > Male babies: Infant mortality rate for males under 1 year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Children living with AIDS: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14)
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Respiratory disease child death rate: Child death rate from respiratory diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population Aged 0-14
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO codes B31 and B320, and B321, by sex and by age. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data broken down by age group to produce rates. See page 22 of the 2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Diseases > Total tetanus cases: Number of all reported tetanus cases.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases per million people: Number of reported cases of tetanus in newborns. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Pertussis cases: Number of reported pertussis cases. Pertussis is commonly called whooping cough.
Probability of dying before 5 > Females: Probability of females dying before reaching the age of 5. (2003)
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Spending > Private: Private expenditure on health as a percentage of GDP 1998.
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total: Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns.
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organizations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organizations. These resources are part of total health expenditure.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed."
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organisations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organisations. These resources are part of total health expenditure."
Cause of death, by injury > % of total: Cause of death, by injury (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Injuries include unintentional and intentional injuries.
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, male > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV, male (% ages 15-24). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %: Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%). Prevalence of anemia, pregnant women, is the percentage of pregnant women whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - DPT3
Diseases > Total tetanus cases per million people: Number of all reported tetanus cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births: Low-birthweight babies are newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, with the measurement taken within the first hours of life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred."
Public health spending > % of total health spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
% immunized 1-year-old children > TB: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - TB
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight girls under 5: Prevalence of underweight children.
Nutrition > % of children who are exclusively breastfed 6 months: Health - Nutrition - % of children (1995-2002) who are: exclusively breastfed (<6 months)
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered: Civil registration coverage of births (%).
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79: Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79). Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Life expectancy > 95% range: 95% range.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5: Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children under 5). Prevalence of anemia, children under age 5, is the percentage of children under age 5 whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total: Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and congenital anomalies.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV (% of population ages 15+ with HIV). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population ages 15+ who are living with HIV.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care > %: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%). Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only.
Maternity > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months: Exclusive breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months). Exclusive breastfeeding refers to the percentage of children less than six months old who are fed breast milk alone (no other liquids) in the past 24 hours.
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Tuberculosis case detection rate > %, all forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms). Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms).
Health expenditure, public > % of government expenditure: Health expenditure, public (% of government expenditure). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP: Health expenditure, public (% of GDP). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Disease prevention > Immunisation against tetanus > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunisation measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine."
Disease prevention > Immunisation > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunisation measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Male > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Risk factors > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population with HIV.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Female > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Risk factors > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases."
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
Public health spending > % of GDP: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds."
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private health expenditure: Out-of-pocket expenditure on health as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
Malnutrition prevalence > Weight for age > % of children under 5: Prevalence of child malnutrition (weight for age) is the percentage of children under five whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median reference standard for their age as established by the World Health Organization, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Figures are based on children under age three, four, and five years of age, depending on the country.
Health expenditure, total > % of GDP: Health expenditure, total (% of GDP). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Smoking prevalence > Females > % of adults: Prevalence of smoking, female is the percentage of women who smoke cigarettes. The age range varies among countries but in most is 18 and older or 15 and older.
Expenditure > Total > % of GDP: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health: Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.
Nutrition > % of under-fives suffering from underweight severe: Health - Nutrition - % of under-fives (1995-2002) suffering from: underweight severe
External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health, 2002
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP: Total expenditure on health as % of GDP, 2002
Reproductive health > Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total: Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns."
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Diseases > Overweight > Ratio of male to female BMI: Compares the ratio of male to female BMI by countries, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Smoking prevalence > Males > % of adults: Prevalence of smoking, male is the percentage of men who smoke cigarettes. The age range varies among countries but in most is 18 and older or 15 and older.
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, female > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV, female (% ages 15-24). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Private health spending > % of GDP: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations."
Public health spending > % of government spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds."
Infant mortality rate > Male: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health: Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Males
Diseases > Pertussis cases per million people: Number of reported pertussis cases. Pertussis is commonly called whooping cough. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Diseases > Antiretroviral therapy coverage > % of people with advanced HIV infection: Antiretroviral therapy coverage (% of people with advanced HIV infection). Antiretroviral therapy coverage indicates the percentage of adults and children with advanced HIV infection currently receiving antiretroviral therapy among the estimated number of people needing antiretroviral therapy based on WHO 2010 guidelines.
Immunisation > Immunization, DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months). Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Immunisation > Immunization, measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months). Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Expenditure > Private > % of GDP: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.

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STAT	Malaysia	Zambia
Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people	21.38 per 1,000 people Ranked 88th.	40.34 per 1,000 people Ranked 22nd. 89% more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth	30.4 Ranked 4th. 4% more than Zambia	29.3 Ranked 8th.
Births and maternity > Future births	414.48 Ranked 56th.	2,556.59 Ranked 12th. 6 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate	1.84% Ranked 134th.	2.8% Ranked 1st. 52% more than Malaysia
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population)	137 Ranked 75th.	146 Ranked 54th. 7% more than Malaysia
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	1.9 per 1,000 people Ranked 54th.	3.48 per 1,000 people Ranked 31st. 83% more than Malaysia
Human height > Average female height	1.574 m (5 ft 2 in)	1.585 m (5 ft 2 ⁄ Expression error: Unexpected < operator in)
Human height > Average male height	1.702 m (5 ft 7 in)	N/A
Life expectancy > Men	73 years Ranked 48th. 49% more than Zambia	49 years Ranked 84th.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population	73.79 years Ranked 108th. 41% more than Zambia	52.36 years Ranked 202nd.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years	77.07 Ranked 87th. 35% more than Zambia	57.3 Ranked 172nd.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years	72.38 Ranked 69th. 33% more than Zambia	54.44 Ranked 176th.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years	74.67 Ranked 75th. 34% more than Zambia	55.83 Ranked 173th.
Physicians > Per 1,000 people	0.7 per 1,000 people Ranked 68th. 6 times more than Zambia	0.12 per 1,000 people Ranked 44th.
Probability of reaching 65 > Male	70.8% Ranked 53th. 3 times more than Zambia	21.7% Ranked 159th.
Infant mortality rate > Total	15.02 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 116th.	66.6 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 22nd. 4 times more than Malaysia
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman	2.74 births per woman Ranked 81st.	5.4 births per woman Ranked 23th. 97% more than Malaysia
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita	2.13 per 1,000 people Ranked 59th.	81.48 per 1,000 people Ranked 5th. 38 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate	7.3 Ranked 143th.	56.4 Ranked 28th. 8 times more than Malaysia
Life expectancy > Women	77 years Ranked 57th. 54% more than Zambia	50 years Ranked 84th.
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate	0.5% Ranked 68th.	13.5% Ranked 6th. 27 times more than Malaysia
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	1.76 Ranked 56th.	1.9 Ranked 12th. 8% more than Malaysia
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI)	22.58 Ranked 127th. 7% more than Zambia	21.02 Ranked 160th.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS	100,000 Ranked 41st.	980,000 Ranked 10th. 10 times more than Malaysia
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	17.58 births Ranked 141st.	126.14 births Ranked 18th. 7 times more than Malaysia
Probability of reaching 65 > Female	82% Ranked 54th. 4 times more than Zambia	22.8% Ranked 159th.
Expenditure per capita > Current US$	180.1$ Ranked 86th. 6 times more than Zambia	29.6$ Ranked 142nd.
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population > Percentage	0.0 Ranked 120th.	43.1% Ranked 5th.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$	$346.01 Ranked 91st. 4 times more than Zambia	$87.22 Ranked 143th.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate	15 Ranked 59th.	151 Ranked 3rd. 10 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	80 Ranked 81st.	427 Ranked 13th. 5 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate	17.8 Ranked 17th.	43.6 Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate	29 per 100,000 live births Ranked 120th.	440 per 100,000 live births Ranked 23th. 15 times more than Malaysia
Maternal mortality	41 per 100,000 Ranked 90th.	650 per 100,000 Ranked 8th. 16 times more than Malaysia
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people	0.71 Ranked 51st. 12 times more than Zambia	0.06 Ranked 52nd.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita	15,805.07 Ranked 68th.	2.94 million Ranked 10th. 186 times more than Malaysia
Death rates > Children under 5	6.1 Ranked 149th.	141.3 Ranked 16th. 23 times more than Malaysia
Death rates > Women	86.03 Ranked 107th.	530.45 Ranked 4th. 6 times more than Malaysia
Death rates > Men	150.11 Ranked 105th.	542.12 Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Malaysia
HIV AIDS > Deaths	5,800 Ranked 36th.	45,000 Ranked 10th. 8 times more than Malaysia
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day	130 Ranked 128th.	330 Ranked 11th. 3 times more than Malaysia
Tobacco > Total adult smokers	26.4% Ranked 67th. 17% more than Zambia	22.5% Ranked 82nd.
Births and maternity > Number of births	496,313 Ranked 11th.	512,305 Ranked 6th. 3% more than Malaysia
Hunger and malnutrition > Children > Small children underweight	12.9% Ranked 24th.	14.9% Ranked 14th. 16% more than Malaysia
Probability of not reaching 40	5% Ranked 100th.	53.6% Ranked 1st. 11 times more than Malaysia
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years	73.7 years Ranked 64th. 92% more than Zambia	38.41 years Ranked 179th.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita	0.082 per 1,000 people Ranked 63th.	7.88 per 1,000 people Ranked 7th. 96 times more than Malaysia
Reproductive health > Use of birth control > Women over 15	54.5 Ranked 8th. 34% more than Zambia	40.8 Ranked 12th.
Life expectancy > Male	72.09 Ranked 61st. 61% more than Zambia	44.91 Ranked 180th.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	3.28 Ranked 71st. 4 times more than Zambia	0.784 Ranked 104th.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU	462.14 billion Ranked 50th.	40.06 trillion Ranked 10th. 87 times more than Malaysia
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000	3.6 Ranked 64th.	76.41 Ranked 7th. 21 times more than Malaysia
Death rates > Infants	5.7 Ranked 144th.	86.3 Ranked 15th. 15 times more than Malaysia
Life expectancy at birth > Female	76.73 years Ranked 108th. 43% more than Zambia	53.63 years Ranked 201st.
Life expectancy > Female	76.79 Ranked 73th. 67% more than Zambia	45.91 Ranked 179th.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given	12 Ranked 163th.	52 Ranked 75th. 4 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 1+ visit during pregnancy	90.7% Ranked 20th.	93.7% Ranked 26th. 3% more than Malaysia
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars	349 Ranked 80th. 7 times more than Zambia	51 Ranked 161st.
Spending > Per person	81 Ranked 77th. 4 times more than Zambia	23 Ranked 102nd.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes	0.4% Ranked 81st.	12.5% Ranked 7th. 31 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles	95% Ranked 87th. 14% more than Zambia	83% Ranked 144th.
Life expectancy at birth > Male	71.05 years Ranked 106th. 39% more than Zambia	51.13 years Ranked 203th.
Malaria cases > Per 100,000	57 Ranked 63th.	34,204 Ranked 4th. 600 times more than Malaysia
Sanitation > Investment in water and sanitation with private participation > Current US$	0.0 Ranked 10th.	0.0 Ranked 18th.
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years	76.06 years Ranked 69th. Twice as much as Zambia	37.9 years Ranked 179th.
Life expectancy > 95 percent range	(76.20-76.80)	(54.20-60.30)
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	63.2 Ranked 62nd. 81% more than Zambia	34.9 Ranked 180th.
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population)	275 Ranked 131st.	389 Ranked 73th. 41% more than Malaysia
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	1.81 Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Zambia	0.71 Ranked 50th.
Health spending per capita	307.24 Ranked 82nd. 5 times more than Zambia	57.1 Ranked 135th.
Reproductive health > Pregnant women receiving prenatal care	78.8% Ranked 30th.	93.7% Ranked 21st. 19% more than Malaysia
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI)	22.09 Ranked 113th. 5% more than Zambia	21.01 Ranked 147th.
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years	71.46 years Ranked 60th. 84% more than Zambia	38.89 years Ranked 178th.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000	67 Ranked 66th.	445 Ranked 3rd. 7 times more than Malaysia
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population)	53 Ranked 118th.	125 Ranked 29th. 2 times more than Malaysia
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000	0.209 Ranked 46th.	3.51 Ranked 5th. 17 times more than Malaysia
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men	75.6 Ranked 62nd. 2 times more than Zambia	31.17 Ranked 175th.
Drug access	50% Ranked 129th. The same as Zambia	50% Ranked 95th.
Infant mortality > Female babies	8.5 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 143th.	94.9 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 19th. 11 times more than Malaysia
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate	623 Ranked 117th.	833 Ranked 44th. 34% more than Malaysia
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women	85.01 Ranked 69th. 3 times more than Zambia	33.94 Ranked 175th.
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$604.36 Ranked 70th. 8 times more than Zambia	$79.06 Ranked 143th.
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI)	23.06 Ranked 128th. 10% more than Zambia	21.02 Ranked 166th.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	72 Ranked 68th. 85% more than Zambia	39 Ranked 182nd.
Tobacco > Total adult smokers per million	1.02% Ranked 86th.	1.96% Ranked 73th. 92% more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people	17.86 Ranked 15th.	43.48 Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Malaysia
Intestinal diseases death rate	15.96% Ranked 58th.	34.88% Ranked 22nd. 2 times more than Malaysia
Sanitation > Investment in water and sanitation with private participation > Current US$ per capita	0.0 Ranked 10th.	0.0 Ranked 18th.
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	101.6 per 100,000 people Ranked 78th.	600.13 per 100,000 people Ranked 8th. 6 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (men)	18.8% Ranked 6th. 6 times more than Zambia	3% Ranked 15th.
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index	0.799 Ranked 50th. 3 times more than Zambia	0.269 Ranked 167th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes	98 Ranked 121st.	528 Ranked 5th. 5 times more than Malaysia
Dependency ratio per 100	60 Ranked 89th.	99 Ranked 11th. 65% more than Malaysia
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people)	1	<1
Smoking rate > Women	2 Ranked 107th. The same as Zambia	2 Ranked 99th.
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases	9,578 Ranked 34th.	13,378 Ranked 26th. 40% more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Births attended by skill personnel	98.6% Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Zambia	46.5% Ranked 55th.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases	14 Ranked 36th.	0.0 Ranked 76th.
Infant mortality rate > Female	12.52 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 122nd.	61.78 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 21st. 5 times more than Malaysia
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight boys under 5	19% Ranked 5th.	24% Ranked 10th. 26% more than Malaysia
Tobacco > Male smoking rate	54.4 Ranked 15th. 3 times more than Zambia	21.7 Ranked 113th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15	67000	1000000
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest	Illegal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid	100% Ranked 98th. The same as Zambia	100% Ranked 9th.
Diseases > Measles cases	394 Ranked 33th.	535 Ranked 28th. 36% more than Malaysia
Life expectancy > Date of information	2006 est.	2006 est.
Tobacco > Female smoking rate	2.8 Ranked 106th.	5 Ranked 85th. 79% more than Malaysia
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births	31 Ranked 107th.	470 Ranked 27th. 15 times more than Malaysia
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	64.8 Ranked 65th. 85% more than Zambia	35 Ranked 183th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males	98 Ranked 121st.	528 Ranked 5th. 5 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people	357.2 Ranked 55th.	1,104.74 Ranked 10th. 3 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (women)	18.8% Ranked 6th. 6 times more than Zambia	3% Ranked 15th.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	61.6 Ranked 60th. 77% more than Zambia	34.8 Ranked 180th.
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country	1,200 Ranked 68th. 32 times more than Zambia	38 Ranked 142nd.
HIV AIDS > Women living with aids 15-49	0.35 Ranked 67th.	21.52 Ranked 6th. 61 times more than Malaysia
Children living with AIDS per 1000	0.0309 Ranked 67th.	13.77 Ranked 5th. 445 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Future births per million people	17 Ranked 117th.	40.52 Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Spending > Public	1.4%	3.6%
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms	61.95% Ranked 127th.	73.91% Ranked 104th. 19% more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider	Employer	Employer
Total fertility rate	2.9 Ranked 81st.	5.6 Ranked 22nd. 93% more than Malaysia
Infant mortality > Male babies	11.5 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 140th.	108.1 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 20th. 9 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health	Legal	Legal
Children living with AIDS	770 Ranked 59th.	150,000 Ranked 7th. 195 times more than Malaysia
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	75 Ranked 69th. 92% more than Zambia	39 Ranked 183th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females	98 Ranked 121st.	528 Ranked 5th. 5 times more than Malaysia
Respiratory disease child death rate	3.8 (est)	200.12 (est)
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14	17000	570000
Diseases > Total tetanus cases	36 Ranked 34th. 36 times more than Zambia	1 Ranked 101st.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request	Illegal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons	Illegal	Legal
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases per million people	0.522 Ranked 41st.	0.0 Ranked 76th.
Diseases > Pertussis cases	15 Ranked 85th.	34 Ranked 74th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Probability of dying before 5 > Females	12 per 1,000 people Ranked 145th.	156 per 1,000 people Ranked 20th. 13 times more than Malaysia
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars	188 Ranked 88th. 7 times more than Zambia	27 Ranked 150th.
Spending > Private	1% Ranked 123th.	3.4% Ranked 30th. 3 times more than Malaysia
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP	2.23% Ranked 134th.	3.45% Ranked 88th. 55% more than Malaysia
Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total	97.4% Ranked 20th. 2 times more than Zambia	43.4% Ranked 51st.
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	94% Ranked 49th. 71% more than Zambia	55% Ranked 105th.
Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases	56.3% Ranked 160th.	82.7% Ranked 69th. 47% more than Malaysia
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care	73.6% Ranked 17th.	93.4% Ranked 5th. 27% more than Malaysia
External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health	0.1% Ranked 138th.	36.3% Ranked 13th. 363 times more than Malaysia
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases	71.91% Ranked 95th.	84.93% Ranked 53th. 18% more than Malaysia
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	96% Ranked 58th. 96% more than Zambia	49% Ranked 123th.
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health	0.02% Ranked 128th.	33.12% Ranked 17th. 1656 times more than Malaysia
Cause of death, by injury > % of total	8.67% Ranked 65th.	9% Ranked 61st. 4% more than Malaysia
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, male > % ages 15-24	0.1% Ranked 100th.	3.5% Ranked 6th. 35 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %	38.3% Ranked 5th.	46.9% Ranked 5th. 22% more than Malaysia
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3	96 Ranked 60th. 23% more than Zambia	78 Ranked 135th.
Diseases > Total tetanus cases per million people	1.34 Ranked 51st. 16 times more than Zambia	0.0826 Ranked 115th.
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births	9% Ranked 9th.	11% Ranked 11th. 22% more than Malaysia
Public health spending > % of total health spending	44.38% Ranked 144th.	57.7% Ranked 102nd. 30% more than Malaysia
% immunized 1-year-old children > TB	99 Ranked 34th. 8% more than Zambia	92 Ranked 79th.
Population suffering from undernourishment in 1990-1992	3% Ranked 105th.	48% Ranked 10th. 16 times more than Malaysia
Population suffering from undernourishment in 2001-2003	3% Ranked 106th.	47% Ranked 7th. 16 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment	Illegal	Legal
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health	Legal	Legal
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight girls under 5	19% Ranked 4th.	21% Ranked 12th. 11% more than Malaysia
Nutrition > % of children who are exclusively breastfed 6 months	29 Ranked 64th.	40 Ranked 36th. 38% more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered	>90	10
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79	12.02% Ranked 29th. 2 times more than Zambia	5.13% Ranked 156th.
Life expectancy > 95% range	(76.20-76.80)	(54.20-60.30)
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5	32.41% Ranked 54th.	52.9% Ranked 4th. 63% more than Malaysia
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total	67.02% Ranked 113th. 2 times more than Zambia	26.83% Ranked 180th.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	14.6% Ranked 148th.	51.6% Ranked 51st. 4 times more than Malaysia
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care > %	90.7% Ranked 25th.	93.7% Ranked 27th. 3% more than Malaysia
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49	0.47% Ranked 78th.	16.96% Ranked 7th. 36 times more than Malaysia
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49	55% Ranked 8th. 61% more than Zambia	34.2% Ranked 11th.
Maternity > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months	29% Ranked 4th.	60.9% Ranked 5th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	90% Ranked 100th. 7% more than Zambia	84% Ranked 121st.
Tuberculosis case detection rate > %, all forms	93% Ranked 16th. 37% more than Zambia	68% Ranked 132nd.
Health expenditure, public > % of government expenditure	6.12% Ranked 168th.	15.98% Ranked 31st. 3 times more than Malaysia
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP	1.64% Ranked 168th.	3.66% Ranked 87th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 47th. 11% more than Zambia	90% Ranked 127th.
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access	96% Ranked 48th. 2 times more than Zambia	40% Ranked 157th.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	90% Ranked 107th. 13% more than Zambia	80% Ranked 144th.
Disease prevention > Immunisation against tetanus > % of children ages 12-23 months	95% Ranked 80th. 17% more than Zambia	81% Ranked 142nd.
Disease prevention > Immunisation > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	95% Ranked 71st. 12% more than Zambia	85% Ranked 122nd.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Male > % ages 15-24	0.6% Ranked 48th.	3.6% Ranked 5th. 6 times more than Malaysia
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access	95% Ranked 57th. 2 times more than Zambia	43% Ranked 111th.
Risk factors > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	26.58% Ranked 114th.	57.14% Ranked 40th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Female > % ages 15-24	0.3% Ranked 73th.	11.3% Ranked 5th. 38 times more than Malaysia
Risk factors > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	100 Ranked 78th.	470 Ranked 11th. 5 times more than Malaysia
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49	0.5% Ranked 75th.	15.2% Ranked 7th. 30 times more than Malaysia
Public health spending > % of GDP	1.94% Ranked 142nd.	3.56% Ranked 83th. 84% more than Malaysia
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private health expenditure	92.8% Ranked 87th. 23% more than Zambia	75.3% Ranked 139th.
Malnutrition prevalence > Weight for age > % of children under 5	10.6% Ranked 13th.	23% Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Health expenditure, total > % of GDP	3.58% Ranked 173th.	6.12% Ranked 104th. 71% more than Malaysia
Smoking prevalence > Females > % of adults	1.6% Ranked 36th. 60% more than Zambia	1% Ranked 17th.
Expenditure > Total > % of GDP	3.8% Ranked 158th.	6.3% Ranked 82nd. 66% more than Malaysia
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	3% Ranked 129th.	46% Ranked 9th. 15 times more than Malaysia
Improved water source > % of population with access	99% Ranked 48th. 71% more than Zambia	58% Ranked 152nd.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health	74.1% Ranked 135th. 4% more than Zambia	71.4% Ranked 141st.
Nutrition > % of under-fives suffering from underweight severe	1 Ranked 100th.	7 Ranked 25th. 7 times more than Malaysia
External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health	0.0 Ranked 167th.	18.6% Ranked 28th.
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP	3.8% Ranked 160th.	5.8% Ranked 98th. 53% more than Malaysia
Reproductive health > Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total	98.6% Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Zambia	46.5% Ranked 41st.
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	95% Ranked 67th. 61% more than Zambia	59% Ranked 130th.
Diseases > Overweight > Ratio of male to female BMI	1.04 Ranked 102nd. 4% more than Zambia	1 Ranked 154th.
Smoking prevalence > Males > % of adults	43% Ranked 10th. 3 times more than Zambia	16% Ranked 17th.
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, female > % ages 15-24	0.1% Ranked 101st.	4.6% Ranked 7th. 46 times more than Malaysia
Private health spending > % of GDP	2.43% Ranked 80th.	2.61% Ranked 68th. 7% more than Malaysia
Public health spending > % of government spending	6.93% Ranked 152nd.	14.49% Ranked 42nd. 2 times more than Malaysia
Infant mortality rate > Male	17.37 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 109th.	71.27 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 22nd. 4 times more than Malaysia
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health	7.2% Ranked 51st.	0.0 Ranked 107th.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	70 Ranked 56th. 79% more than Zambia	39 Ranked 181st.
Diseases > Pertussis cases per million people	0.559 Ranked 96th.	2.81 Ranked 76th. 5 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life	Legal	Legal
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	5% Ranked 156th.	43% Ranked 6th. 9 times more than Malaysia
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	96% Ranked 75th. 63% more than Zambia	59% Ranked 132nd.
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access	100% Ranked 35th. 67% more than Zambia	60% Ranked 148th.
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 42nd. 15% more than Zambia	87% Ranked 143th.
Diseases > Antiretroviral therapy coverage > % of people with advanced HIV infection	42% Ranked 69th.	79% Ranked 13th. 88% more than Malaysia
Immunisation > Immunization, DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	99% Ranked 25th. 27% more than Zambia	78% Ranked 166th.
Immunisation > Immunization, measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	95% Ranked 77th. 14% more than Zambia	83% Ranked 147th.
Expenditure > Private > % of GDP	1.57% Ranked 133th.	2.85% Ranked 61st. 82% more than Malaysia

SOURCES: World Development Indicators database; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; Wikipedia: Human height (Average height around the world); British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organisation, OECD, supplemented by country data.; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16. http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-439.pdf. Walpole et al., BMC Public Health 2012, 12:4; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York.; United Nations Statistics Division; World Health Organization National Health Account database (see http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx for the most recent updates).; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Report.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNICEF (United Nations Children?s Fund). 2002. Official Summary: The State of the World's Children 2002. New York: Oxford University Press.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Level & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2010. Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA, UNPD).; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm, (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Human Mortality Database. [ www.mortality.org or www.humanmortality.de] downloaded on Dec. 10, 2009.; Food and Agriculture Organisation, Food Security Statistics (http://www.fao.org/economic/ess/food-security-statistics/en/).; World Health Organization2005; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UN 2001 via backone.pdf; Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys by UNICEF.; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables), (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization, Global Atlas of the Health Workforce. For latest updates and metadata, see http://apps.who.int/globalatlas/.; World Bank national accounts data; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization; World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNHDR; World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org).; Wikipedia: List of countries by life expectancy (Life expectancy at birth (years), Global Burden of Disease) (Das, Pamela; Samarasekera, Udani (2012). "The story of GBD 2010: a "super-human" effort" . The Lancet 380 (9859): 2067–2070. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62174-6 . Wang, Haidong; Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura; Lofgren, Katherine T; Rajaratnam, Julie Knoll; Marcus, Jacob R; Levin-Rector, Alison; Levitz, Carly E; Lopez, Alan D; Murray, Christopher JL (2012). "Age-specific and sex-specific mortality in 187 countries, 1970–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". The Lancet 380 (9859): 2071–2094. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61719-X ., ); World Health Organization. Source tables; World Health Organisation National Health Account database (www.who.int/nha/en) supplemented by country data.; UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International.; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm.; WHO (World Health Organization). 2001. Correspondence on access to essential drugs. Department of Essential Drugs and Medecines Policy. February. Geneva; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organisation. 1997-1999 World Health Statistics Annual. Geneva: WHO, 2000; World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of countries by percentage of population suffering from undernourishment; World Health Organization. Source tables; International Diabetes Federation, Diabetes Atlas.; UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys by ICF International.; World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Control Report.; WHO and UNICEF (http://www.who.int/immunisation_monitoring/routine/en/).; UNAIDS and the WHO's Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic.; World Health Organization. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Food and Agriculture Organisation (http://www.fao.org/faostat/foodsecurity/index_en.htm).; WHO and UNICEF (http://www.who.int/immunization_monitoring/routine/en/).

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