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Economy Stats: compare key data on Mexico & Poland

Definitions

  • Budget > Revenues: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms
  • Budget surplus > + or deficit > -: This entry records the difference between national government revenues and expenditures, expressed as a percent of GDP. A positive (+) number indicates that revenues exceeded expenditures (a budget surplus), while a negative (-) number indicates the reverse (a budget deficit). Normalizing the data, by dividing the budget balance by GDP, enables easy comparisons across countries and indicates whether a national government saves or borrows money. Countries with high budget deficits (relative to their GDPs) generally have more difficulty raising funds to finance expenditures, than those with lower deficits.
  • Debt > Government debt > Public debt, share of GDP: Public debt as % of GDP (CIA).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Overview: This entry briefly describes the type of economy, including the degree of market orientation, the level of economic development, the most important natural resources, and the unique areas of specialization. It also characterizes major economic events and policy changes in the most recent 12 months and may include a statement about one or two key future macroeconomic trends.
  • Exports: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
  • GDP: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
  • GDP > Per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • GDP > Per capita > PPP: This entry shows GDP on a purchasing power parity basis divided by population as of 1 July for the same year.
  • GDP > Purchasing power parity per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • GDP per capita: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Gross National Income: GNI, Atlas method (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and prop).
  • Inflation rate > Consumer prices: This entry furnishes the annual percent change in consumer prices compared with the previous year's consumer prices.
  • Population below poverty line: National estimates of the percentage of the population lying below the poverty line are based on surveys of sub-groups, with the results weighted by the number of people in each group. Definitions of poverty vary considerably among nations. For example, rich nations generally employ more generous standards of poverty than poor nations.
  • Public debt: This entry records the cumulatiive total of all government borrowings less repayments that are denominated in a country's home currency. Public debt should not be confused with external debt, which reflects the foreign currency liabilities of both the private and public sector and must be financed out of foreign exchange earnings.
  • Unemployment rate: This entry contains the percent of the labor force that is without jobs. Substantial underemployment might be noted.
  • GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Services: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by sector of origin, which shows where production takes place in an economy. The distribution gives the percentage contribution of agriculture, industry, and services to total GDP, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not produce material goods.
  • Exports per capita: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Distribution of family income > Gini index: This index measures the degree of inequality in the distribution of family income in a country. The index is calculated from the Lorenz curve, in which cumulative family income is plotted against the number of families arranged from the poorest to the ric
  • Human Development Index: The human development index values in this table were calculated using a consistent methodology and consistent data series. They are not strictly comparable with those in earlier Human Development Reports.
  • Tourist arrivals > Per capita: International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival." Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • GDP > Purchasing power parity: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller.
  • Currency > PPP conversion factor to official exchange rate ratio: Purchasing power parity conversion factor is the number of units of a country's currency required to buy the same amount of goods and services in the domestic market as a U.S. dollar would buy in the United States. Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar). The ratio of the PPP conversion factor to the official exchange rate (also referred to as the national price level) makes it possible to compare the cost of the bundle of goods that make up gross domestic product (GDP) across countries. It tells how many dollars are needed to buy a dollar's worth of goods in the country as compared to the United States.
  • Fiscal year: The beginning and ending months for a country's accounting period of 12 months, which often is the calendar year but which may begin in any month. All yearly references are for the calendar year (CY) unless indicated as a noncalendar fiscal year (FY).
  • GDP > Composition by sector > Industry: The gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods produced by the industrial sector within a nation in a given year. GDP dollar estimates in the Factbook are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. See the CIA World Factbook for more information.
  • Currency > Official exchange rate > LCU per US$, period average: Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average). Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).
  • Inequality > GINI index: Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality."
  • Imports per capita: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Gross National Income per capita: GNI, Atlas method (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and prop). Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Individual rate: Highest marginal tax rate (individual rate) is the highest rate shown on the schedule of tax rates applied to the taxable income of individuals.
  • Technology index: The technology index denotes the country's technological readiness. This index is created with such indicators as companies spending on R&D, the creativity of its scientific community, personal computer and internet penetration rates.
  • Development > Human Development Index: Human Development Index trends, 1980-2012.
  • Population below poverty line > Per capita: National estimates of the percentage of the population lying below the poverty line are based on surveys of sub-groups, with the results weighted by the number of people in each group. Definitions of poverty vary considerably among nations. For example, rich nations generally employ more generous standards of poverty than poor nations. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Big Mac Index: Price of a McDonald's Big Mac in US Dollars at current exchange rates. January 12th, 2006.
  • GDP > Per capita > PPP per thousand people: This entry shows GDP on a purchasing power parity basis divided by population as of 1 July for the same year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Exports > Commodities: This entry provides a listing of the highest-valued exported products; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
  • Poverty and inequality > Richest quintile to poorest quintile ratio: The ratio of average income of the richest 20% of the population to the average income of the poorest 20% of the population.
  • Imports: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
  • Budget > Expenditures: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms
  • GINI index: Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.
  • Reserves of foreign exchange and gold per capita: This entry gives the dollar value for the stock of all financial assets that are available to the central monetary authority for use in meeting a country's balance of payments needs as of the end-date of the period specified. This category includes not only foreign currency and gold, but also a country's holdings of Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund, and its reserve position in the Fund. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Debt > Net foreign assets > Current LCU: Net foreign assets (current LCU). Net foreign assets are the sum of foreign assets held by monetary authorities and deposit money banks, less their foreign liabilities. Data are in current local currency.
  • Tourist arrivals: International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival."
  • Budget > Revenues > Per capita: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Inbound tourism income > Current US$: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Tax > Tax rates: Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales. Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here."
  • Population below median income > Per $ GDP: Population living below 50% of median income (%) Per $ GDP figures expressed per $10 million of Gross Domestic Product.
  • GDP per person: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Exports > Main exports: Country main exports.
  • Budget > Revenues per capita: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Debt > External: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services.
  • Gross domestic savings > Current US$ per capita: Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Debt > External > Per capita: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • GDP > Composition by sector > Services: The gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final services produced within a nation in a given year. GDP dollar estimates in the Factbook are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. See the CIA World Factbook for more information.
  • Tax > GDP > Constant LCU: GDP (constant LCU). GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.
  • Tourism > International tourism, number of arrivals per capita: International tourism, number of arrivals. International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
  • Consumer spending: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This item also includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources."
  • Consumer price index: Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.
    2000 = 100
  • GDP > Composition by sector > Agriculture: The gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods produced by the agricultural sector within a nation in a given year. GDP dollar estimates in the Factbook are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. See the CIA World Factbook for more information.
  • GDP per capita > PPP > Current international $: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
  • Industries: A rank ordering of industries starting with the largest by value of annual output.
  • Population below poverty line > Per $ GDP: National estimates of the percentage of the population lying below the poverty line are based on surveys of sub-groups, with the results weighted by the number of people in each group. Definitions of poverty vary considerably among nations. For example, rich nations generally employ more generous standards of poverty than poor nations. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 trillion $ gross domestic product.
  • GDP > Composition, by end use > Imports of goods and services: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
    household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
    government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
    investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
    investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
    exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
    imports of goods and ...
    Full definition
  • New businesses registered > Number > Per capita: New businesses registered are the number of new firms, defined as firms registered in the current year of reporting." Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • GDP per capita > Constant LCU: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.
  • Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Foreign direct investment > Net inflows > BoP > Current US: Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Labor force: This entry contains the total labor force figure.
  • Poverty and inequality > Population below $1 (PPP) per day: Percentage of population that lives on less than the equivalent of 1 USD per day.
  • Trade > With US > US imports of bauxite and aluminum: US imports of bauxite and aluminum, USD Thousands, 2004
  • GDP > Real growth rate: GDP growth on an annual basis adjusted for inflation and expressed as a percent.
  • Debt > Government debt > Gross government debt, share of GDP: Gross government debt as % of GDP (IMF).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Debt > Central government debt, total > Current LCU: Central government debt, total (current LCU). Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year.
  • International tourism > Number of arrivals: International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited.
  • Economic growth > Per capita: Annual percentage growth rate of GDP per capita based on constant local currency. GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.
  • Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant U.S. dollars.
  • Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number > Per capita: Micro, small, and medium-size enterprises are business that may be defined by the number of employees. There is no international standard definition of firm size; however, many institutions that collect information use the following size categories: micro enterprises have 0-9 employees, small enterprises have 10-49 employees, and medium-size enterprises have 50-249 employees. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Economic freedom: Index of 'economic freedom', according to the American organisation 'The Heritage Foundation'. It is worth noting that such indices are based on highly culturally contingent factors. This data makes a number of assumptions about 'freedom' and the role of the government that are not accepted by much of the world's population. A broad discussion of The Heritage Foundation's definition and methodology can be found at http://www.heritage.org/research/features/index/ChapterPDFs/chapter5.HTML.
  • GDP > Official exchange rate per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at offical exchange rates (OER) is the home-currency-denominated annual GDP figure divided by the bilateral average US exchange rate with that country in that year. The measure is simple to compute and gives a precise measure of the value of output. Many economists prefer this measure when gauging the economic power an economy maintains vis-a-vis its neighbors, judging that an exchange rate captures the purchasing power a nation enjoys in the international marketplace. Official exchange rates, however, can be artifically fixed and/or subject to manipulation - resulting in claims of the country having an under- or over-valued currency - and are not necessarily the equivalent of a market-determined exchange rate. Moreover, even if the official exchange rate is market-determined, market exchange rates are frequently established by a relatively small set of goods and services (the ones the country trades) and may not capture the value of the larger set of goods the country produces. Furthermore, OER-converted GDP is not well suited to comparing domestic GDP over time, since appreciation/depreciation from one year to the next will make the OER GDP value rise/fall regardless of whether home-currency-denominated GDP changed. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Stock of direct foreign investment > At home: This entry gives the cumulative US dollar value of all investments in the home country made directly by residents - primarily companies - of other countries as of the end of the time period indicated. Direct investment excludes investment through purchase of shares.
  • Current account balance: This entry records a country's net trade in goods and services, plus net earnings from rents, interest, profits, and dividends, and net transfer payments (such as pension funds and worker remittances) to and from the rest of the world during the period specified. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
  • Trade > Imports per capita: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Currency: The national medium of exchange and its basic sub-unit.
  • Current account balance > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods, services, net income, and net current transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • GNI per capita: Country GNI per capita.
  • GDP > Purchasing power parity > Per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Companies > Listed domestic companies, total: Listed domestic companies, total. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. This indicator does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles.
  • Trade > Exports per capita: The total US dollar amount of exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Business > Companies > Corporate governance (overall rating): Overall rating of each country's adherence to the corporate governance guidelines set forth in three prominent economical essays. The ratings are out of 10, with 10 meaning full adherence.
  • Current account balance per capita: This entry records a country's net trade in goods and services, plus net earnings from rents, interest, profits, and dividends, and net transfer payments (such as pension funds and worker remittances) to and from the rest of the world during the period specified. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Money and quasi money > M2 > Current LCU: Money and quasi money comprise the sum of currency outside banks, demand deposits other than those of the central government, and the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government. This definition of money supply is frequently called M2; it corresponds to lines 34 and 35 in the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) International Financial Statistics (IFS). Data are in current local currency.
  • Tourism > International tourism, number of arrivals: International tourism, number of arrivals. International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival.
  • Gross national saving: Gross national saving is derived by deducting final consumption expenditure (household plus government) from Gross national disposable income, and consists of personal saving, plus business saving (the sum of the capital consumption allowance and retained business profits), plus government saving (the excess of tax revenues over expenditures), but excludes foreign saving (the excess of imports of goods and services over exports). The figures are presented as a percent of GDP. A negative number indicates that the economy as a whole is spending more income than it produces, thus drawing down national wealth (dissaving).
  • Tax > GDP > Constant LCU per capita: GDP (constant LCU). GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Retail > Gross value added by wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels: Gross Value Added by Kind of Economic Activity at current prices - US dollars.
  • Companies > Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ per capita: Market capitalization of listed companies (current US$). Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ per capita: Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Budget > Expenditures per capita: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Reserves > Total reserves > Includes gold, current US$: Total reserves (includes gold, current US$). Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Exchange rates: The official value of a country's monetary unit at a given date or over a given period of time, as expressed in units of local currency per US dollar and as determined by international market forces or official fiat.
  • Debt > External per capita: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Size of economy > Share of world GDP : Percent of world GDP (exchange rates).

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  • Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
  • Exports > Partners: This entry provides a rank ordering of trading partners starting with the most important; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
  • Aid per capita > Current US$: Aid per capita includes both official development assistance (ODA) and official aid, and is calculated by dividing total aid by the midyear population estimate.
  • GDP > Official exchange rate: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at offical exchange rates (OER) is the home-currency-denominated annual GDP figure divided by the bilateral average US exchange rate with that country in that year. The measure is simple to compute and gives a precise measure of the value of output. Many economists prefer this measure when gauging the economic power an economy maintains vis-a-vis its neighbors, judging that an exchange rate captures the purchasing power a nation enjoys in the international marketplace. Official exchange rates, however, can be artifically fixed and/or subject to manipulation - resulting in claims of the country having an under- or over-valued currency - and are not necessarily the equivalent of a market-determined exchange rate. Moreover, even if the official exchange rate is market-determined, market exchange rates are frequently established by a relatively small set of goods and services (the ones the country trades) and may not capture the value of the larger set of goods the country produces. Furthermore, OER-converted GDP is not well suited to comparing domestic GDP over time, since appreciation/depreciation from one year to the next will make the OER GDP value rise/fall regardless of whether home-currency-denominated GDP changed.
  • GDP per capita > PPP > Constant 2000 international $: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 international dollars.
  • Investment > Gross fixed: This entry records total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes invesment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital.
  • Interest rate spread > Lending rate minus deposit rate: Interest rate spread is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to prime customers minus the interest rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits.
  • Income receipts > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Income receipts refer to employee compensation paid to resident workers working abroad and investment income (receipts on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Income derived from the use of intangible assets is excluded from income and recorded under business services. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Bank liquid > Reserves to bank assets ratio: Ratio of bank liquid reserves to bank assets is the ratio of domestic currency holdings and deposits with the monetary authorities to claims on other governments, nonfinancial public enterprises, the private sector, and other banking institutions.
  • Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Corporate rate: Highest marginal tax rate (corporate rate) is the highest rate shown on the schedule of tax rates applied to the taxable income of corporations.
  • GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Industry: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by sector of origin, which shows where production takes place in an economy. The distribution gives the percentage contribution of agriculture, industry, and services to total GDP, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not produce material goods.
  • Trade > Exports > Exports of goods and services > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Exports of goods and services (constant 2000 US$). Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Debt > Net domestic credit > Current LCU: Net domestic credit (current LCU). Net domestic credit is the sum of net claims on the central government and claims on other sectors of the domestic economy (IFS line 32). Data are in current local currency.
  • Government spending: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars."
  • Foreign direct investment > Net inflows > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows in the reporting economy. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • GDP > Current LCU: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current local currency.
  • High-technology > Exports > Current US$ > Per capita: High-technology exports are products with high research and development intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery. Data are in current U.S. dollars." Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Agriculture: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by sector of origin, which shows where production takes place in an economy. The distribution gives the percentage contribution of agriculture, industry, and services to total GDP, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not produce material goods.
  • Savings > Gross domestic savings > Current US$ per capita: Gross domestic savings (current US$). Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Net barter terms of trade: Net barter terms of trade are the ratio of the export price index to the corresponding import price index measured relative to the base year 2000.
    2000 = 100
  • Tax > Tax payments > Number: Tax payments (number). Tax payments by businesses are the total number of taxes paid by businesses, including electronic filing. The tax is counted as paid once a year even if payments are more frequent.
  • Tax > Components of taxation > Personal income tax: Personal Income tax as a percentage of total tax collected by the country. Data is for 2002.
  • Real interest rate: Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator.
  • Royalty and license fees > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Royalty and license fees are payments and receipts between residents and nonresidents for the authorized use of intangible, nonproduced, nonfinancial assets and proprietary rights (such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial processes, and franchises) and for the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals of prototypes (such as films and manuscripts). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 million $ gross domestic product.
  • Gross domestic savings: Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Inflation: Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used."
  • Investment > External financial assets per capita: Financial assets in 2013 EUR billions. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Poverty > Gap at $1 a day > PPP: Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence. Data showing as 0.5 signifies a poverty gap of less than 0.5 percent.
  • Outbound tourist spending: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These expenditures may include those by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include expenditures for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Income > GNI per capita, PPP > Current international $: GNI per capita, PPP (current international $). GNI per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GNI is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
  • Income > GNI, PPP > Current international $ per capita: GNI, PPP (current international $). PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Inequality > Gini coefficient > Level: Income is defined as household disposable income in a particular year. It consists of earnings, self-employment and capital income and public cash transfers; income taxes and social security contributions paid by households are deducted. The income of the household is attributed to each of its members, with an adjustment to reflect differences in needs for households of different sizes (i.e. the needs of a household composed of four people are assumed to be twice as large as those of a person living alone).

    Income inequality among individuals is measured here by five indicators. The Gini Coefficient is based on the comparison of cumulative proportions of the population against cumulative proportions of income they receive, and it ranges between 0 in the case of perfect equality and 1 in the case of perfect inequality. The mean log deviation is the average value of the logarithm of the ratio of mean income to the income of each decile. The squared coefficient of variation is the variance of average income of each decile, divided by the square of the average income of the entire population. The P90/P10 ratio is the ratio of the upper bound value of the ninth decile (i.e. the 10% of people with highest income) to that of the first. The P50/P10 ratio is the ratio of median income to the upper bound value of the first decile. The mean log deviation and inter-decile ratios have a lower value of 1 and no upper bound, while the squared coefficient of variation has a lower bound of 0 and upper bound of infinity.
  • Poverty > Poverty by individual and household characteristics > Poverty rate > Children: Group-specific poverty rates are headcounts of how many people of a population group fall below the poverty line, in percentage of the total number in that population group. The poverty line used here is 50% of the median household disposable income, adjusted for household size. Children are persons with less than 18 years of age, working-age people are persons between age 18 and 65 and adults are persons aged 18 and over. A worker is an adult with a non-zero annual earning or self-employment income. In addition to poverty rates, indicators show here include the poverty risk (i.e. the age-specific poverty rate divided by the poverty rate for the entire population, times 100) and the share of various population groups that are counted as poor.

    Income is defined as household disposable income in a particular year. It consists of earnings, self-employment and capital income and public cash transfers; income taxes and social security contributions paid by households are deducted. The income of the household is attributed to each of its members, with an adjustment to reflect differences in needs for households of different sizes (i.e. the needs of a household composed of four people are assumed to be twice as large as those of a person living alone).
  • Tax > Total tax wedge > Single worker: The percentage of gross earnings given up in tax, including any social security contributions. Calculated for a single worker without children, earning 100 % of the average wage. Data for 2001, and only for selected OECD countries.
  • GDP > By type of expenditure > Household consumption expenditure per capita: GDP by Type of Expenditure at current prices - US dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: This entry gives the dollar value for the stock of all financial assets that are available to the central monetary authority for use in meeting a country's balance of payments needs as of the end-date of the period specified. This category includes not only foreign currency and gold, but also a country's holdings of Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund, and its reserve position in the Fund.
  • Big Mac Index > Per $ GDP: Price of a McDonald's Big Mac in US Dollars at current exchange rates. January 12th, 2006. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 14.1 billion $ gross domestic product.
  • Size of economy > GDP > GDP growth: GDP growth (annual %).
  • GDP > Constant 2000 US$: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2000 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
  • Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Individual > On income exceeding > US$: Highest marginal tax rate (individual rate) is the highest rate shown on the schedule of tax rates applied to the taxable income of individuals. This series presents the income levels for individuals above which the highest marginal tax rates levied at the national level apply.
  • Debt service: Total debt service (% of exports of goods and services). Total debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term debt, interest paid on short-term debt, and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the IMF. Exports of goods and services includes income and workers' remittances.
  • International tourism > Expenditures > Current US$ per capita: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These may include expenditures by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Purchasing power parity conversion factor > LCU per international $: Purchasing power parity conversion factor is the number of units of a country's currency required to buy the same amounts of goods and services in the domestic market as U.S. dollar would buy in the United States.
  • Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number: Micro, small, and medium-size enterprises are business that may be defined by the number of employees. There is no international standard definition of firm size; however, many institutions that collect information use the following size categories: micro enterprises have 0-9 employees, small enterprises have 10-49 employees, and medium-size enterprises have 50-249 employees.
  • GDP > Composition, by end use > Household consumption: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
    household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
    government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
    investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
    investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
    exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
    imports of goods and ...
    Full definition
    .
  • Poverty and inequality > Income inequality 1993-2011: Income inequality 1993-2011 (latest available).
  • Current transfers > Receipts > BoP > Current US$: Current transfers (receipts) are recorded in the balance of payments whenever an economy receives goods, services, income, or financial items without a quid pro quo. All transfers not considered to be capital are current. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Innovation > Patent applications, residents per million: Patent applications, residents. Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Tax > Taxes on income, profits and capital gains > Current LCU: Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (current LCU). Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation.
  • Debt > Government debt > Net government debt, share of GDP: Net government debt as % of GDP (IMF).
  • Saving rate: ""Saving rate"" or gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers."
  • GDP > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ per capita: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • International tourism > Number of departures: International outbound tourists are the number of departures that people make from their country of usual residence to any other country for any purpose other than a remunerated activity in the country visited.
  • Consumption > Consumption by sector > Equals: Household final consumption expenditure: Total amount of money spent by nation's consumers, or households. Amount includes, but is not limited to, goods, rent, and government fees such as fines and permits. Also included are taxes and money spent by citizens while abroad. 
  • Debt > Central government debt, total > Current LCU per capita: Central government debt, total (current LCU). Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Net income > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita: Net income refers to receipts and payments of employee compensation paid to nonresident workers and investment income (receipts and payments on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Income derived from the use of intangible assets is recorded under business services. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Poverty and inequality > Poorest's share in national income or consumption: Percentage of country's total income or consumption that belongs to the poorest 5% of its citizens.
  • Investment > External financial assets: Gross financial assets privately owned by residents of the country, mainly in the form of bank deposits, insurances and securities, in EUR.
  • Debt > Net foreign assets > Current LCU per capita: Net foreign assets (current LCU). Net foreign assets are the sum of foreign assets held by monetary authorities and deposit money banks, less their foreign liabilities. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Tax > GDP > Current LCU: GDP (current LCU). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current local currency.
  • Taxes > Total tax revenue > Total tax revenue: Taxes are defined as compulsory, unrequited payments to general government. They are unrequited in the sense that benefits provided by government to taxpayers are not normally in proportion to their payments.

    Taxes on incomes and profits cover taxes levied on the net income or profits (gross income minus allowable tax reliefs) of individuals and enterprises. They also cover taxes levied on the capital gains of individuals and enterprises, and gains from gambling.

    Taxes on goods and services cover all taxes levied on the production, extraction, sale, transfer, leasing or delivery of goods, and the rendering of services, or on the use of goods or permission to use goods or to perform activities. They consist mainly of value added and sales taxes.

    Note that the sum of taxes on goods and services and taxes on income and profits is less than the figure for total tax revenues, which also includes payments by employers and employees made under compulsory social security schemes as well as payroll taxes, taxes related to the ownership and transfer of property, and other taxes.
  • Tax > Average time to clear customs > Days: Average time to clear customs is the number of days to clear an imported good through customs.
  • GDP > PPP per capita: Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in Millions of International Dollars, 2004. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Economic aid > Recipient: This entry, which is subject to major problems of definition and statistical coverage, refers to the net inflow of Official Development Finance (ODF) to recipient countries. The figure includes assistance from the World Bank, the IMF, and other international organizations and from individual nation donors. Formal commitments of aid are included in the data. Omitted from the data are grants by private organizations. Aid comes in various forms including outright grants and loans. The entry thus is the difference between new inflows and repayments.
  • GNI: GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Development > Human Development Index > Inequality adjusted: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
  • GDP > PPP: Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in Millions of International Dollars, 2004.
  • Poverty > Share of all poor people: The percentage of the world's total poor who live in each nation. 'Poor' here is defined as lving below the global poverty line of US$1 per day.
  • Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$: Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Companies > Listed domestic companies, total per million: Listed domestic companies, total. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. This indicator does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Tax > GDP > Current US$ per capita: GDP (current US$). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Trade > Exports to US: in US dollars. Jan 2003 - March 2003
  • Industrial production growth rate: This entry gives the annual percentage increase in industrial production (includes manufacturing, mining, and construction).
  • Purchasing power parity > GDP per capita > PPP > Current international $: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
  • World trade > Exports: Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture: This entry is derived from Economy > Labor force > By occupation, which lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by sector of occupation. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other economic activities that do not produce material goods. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete and may range from 99-101 percent due to rounding.
    Additional details:
    • Gibraltar: negligible (2013)
  • Bank capital to assets ratio: Bank capital to assets is the ratio of bank capital and reserves to total assets. Capital and reserves include funds contributed by owners, retained earnings, general and special reserves, provisions, and valuation adjustments. Capital includes tier 1 capital (paid-up shares and common stock), which is a common feature in all countries' banking systems, and total regulatory capital, which includes several specified types of subordinated debt instruments that need not be repaid if the funds are required to maintain minimum capital levels (these comprise tier 2 and tier 3 capital). Total assets include all nonfinancial and financial assets.
  • Labor force > By occupation > Services: This entry is derived from Economy > Labor force > By occupation, which lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by sector of occupation. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other economic activities that do not produce material goods. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete and may range from 99-101 percent due to rounding.
  • Companies > Stock market > Stocks traded, total value > Current US$ per capita: Stocks traded, total value (current US$). Stocks traded refers to the total value of shares traded during the period. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Lending interest rate: Lending interest rate is the rate charged by banks on loans to prime customers.
  • Industrial > Production growth rate: The annual percentage increase in industrial production (includes manufacturing, mining, and construction).
  • Tax > Taxes on income, profits and capital gains > Current LCU per capita: Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (current LCU). Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Poverty and inequality > Population below national poverty line > Total: Percentage of country's population that falls below its poverty line.
  • Tax > GDP per capita > Constant LCU: GDP per capita (constant LCU). GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.
  • Spending > Household final consumption expenditure per capita > Constant 2000 US$: Household final consumption expenditure per capita (constant 2000 US$). Household final consumption expenditure per capita (private consumption per capita) is calculated using private consumption in constant 2005 prices and World Bank population estimates. Household final consumption expenditure is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
  • Income > GDP per capita, PPP > Current international $: GDP per capita, PPP (current international $). GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
  • Debt > Interest rates > Central bank discount rate: Compares the annualized interest rate set by centrals banks over loans requested by commercial banks to meet temporary shortages of funds. Through these loans, central banks can influence the commercial banks' interest rates as a tool of monetary policy. Usually their interest rates are lower than the ones offered by commercial banks, which lend it at a higher rate to make their profit.
  • Technological achievement: Technology Achievement Index
    Units: Score
  • Currency > Real effective exchange rate index > 2005 = 100: Real effective exchange rate index (2005 = 100). Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costs.
  • Net domestic credit > Current LCU: Net domestic credit is the sum of net credit to the nonfinancial public sector, credit to the private sector, and other accounts. Data are in current local currency.
  • International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ per capita: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Retail > Gross value added by wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels per capita: Gross Value Added by Kind of Economic Activity at current prices - US dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • GDP > By type of expenditure > Household consumption expenditure: GDP by Type of Expenditure at current prices - US dollars.
  • Household spending per capita: Household final consumption expenditure per capita (private consumption per capita) is calculated using private consumption in constant 2000 prices and World Bank population estimates. Household final consumption expenditure is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars."
  • Companies > Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$: Market capitalization of listed companies (current US$). Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Current account balance > BoP > Current US$: Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods, services, net income, and net current transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Trade > Imports: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
  • Currency > Official exchange rate > LCU per US$ > Period average: Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).
  • Oil > Exports: This entry is the total oil exported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products.
    Additional details:
    • Bahamas, The: transshipments of 41,570 bbl/day (2007)
    • Bahamas, The: transshipments of 41,610 bbl/day (2009)
  • GDP > CIA Factbook per capita: . Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • GDP > Composition, by end use > Exports of goods and services: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
    household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
    government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
    investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
    investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
    exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
    imports of goods and ...
    Full definition
     .
  • Purchasing power parity > GNI per capita > PPP > Current international $: GNI per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GNI is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
  • Income > Health expenditure per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Health expenditure per capita, PPP (constant 2005 international $). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in international dollars converted using 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) rates.
  • Consumption > Consumption by sector > Equals: Household final consumption expenditure per capita: Total amount of money spent by nation's consumers, or households. Amount includes, but is not limited to, goods, rent, and government fees such as fines and permits. Also included are taxes and money spent by citizens while abroad. . Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Tax > GDP > Current LCU per capita: GDP (current LCU). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Spending > Household final consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (current US$). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Debt > Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong per million: Strength of legal rights index (0=weak to 10=strong). Strength of legal rights index measures the degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders and thus facilitate lending. The index ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating that these laws are better designed to expand access to credit. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Oil > Production: This entry is the total oil produced in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors.
  • Economy growth: Measures growth in the economy or ""economy growth"". Annual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources."
  • Trade > Exports > Exports of goods and services: GDP by Type of Expenditure at current prices - US dollars.
  • Purchasing power parity > Gross domestic product per capita > PPP: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
  • Trade > Export value index: Export values are from UNCTAD's value indexes or from current values of merchandise exports.
    2000 = 100
  • Debt > Interest payments > Current LCU: Interest payments (current LCU). Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents.
  • Innovation: Innovation
    Units: Unitless Scale
  • Electricity > Consumption per capita: This entry consists of total electricity generated annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
  • GDP > CIA Factbook > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Household spending: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars."
  • Income > Household final consumption expenditure, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure, PPP (constant 2005 international $). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are converted to constant 2005 international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • GDP > Composition, by end use > Government consumption: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
    household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
    government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
    investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
    investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
    exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
    imports of goods and ...
    Full definition
  • GDP > Per $ GDP: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
  • Spending > Household final consumption expenditure, etc. > Current US$: Household final consumption expenditure, etc. (current US$). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This item also includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Bank and trade-related lending > PPG + PNG > NFL > Current US$ per capita: Bank and trade-related lending covers commercial bank lending and other private credits. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Entrepreneurship > Starting a Business > Index ranking: Doing Business records all generic procedures that are officially required for an entrepreneur to start up and operate an industrial or commercial business. These include obtaining all necessary licenses and permits and completing any required notifications, verifications or inscriptions with relevant authorities. After a study of laws, regulations and publicly available information on business entry, a detailed list of procedures, time, cost and paid-in minimum capital requirements is developed. Subsequently, local incorporation lawyers and government officials complete and verify the data on applicable procedures, the time and cost of complying with each procedure under normal circumstances and the paid-in minimum capital. On average 4 law firms participate in each country. Information is also collected on the sequence in which procedures are to be completed and whether procedures may be carried out simultaneously. It is assumed that any required information is readily available and that all government and nongovernment agencies involved in the start-up process function efficiently and without corruption. If answers by local experts differ, inquiries continue until the data are reconciled. NOTE: This is a ranking derived from several indicators, 1 being the best (ranked first). The higher the number on this graph, the lower their overall ranking. Invert this graph by clicking on 'Amount' at the top. Consult source for details on methodology.
  • Gross domestic savings > Current US$: Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • GNI > Current US$ per capita: GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • GDP > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2000 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Gross Domestic Product > GDP > Size of GDP > GDP per capita: What does gross domestic product mean? "Gross" signifies that no deduction has been made for the depreciation of machinery, buildings and other capital products used in production. "Domestic" means that it is production by the resident institutional units of the country. As many products are used to produce other products it is necessary to define production in terms of value added.

    GDP can be measured in three different ways: as output less intermediate consumption (i.e. value added) plus taxes less subsidies on products (such as VAT); as the income earned from production by summing employee compensation, the gross operating surplus of enterprises and government, the gross mixed income of unincorporated enterprises and net taxes on production and imports (VAT, payroll tax, import duties, etc, less subsidies); or as the expenditure on the goods and services produced by summing final consumption expenditures, gross fixed capital formation, changes in inventories and exports less imports.
  • Trade > Exports: The total US dollar amount of exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis.
  • Purchasing power parity > GDP > PPP > Current international $: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
  • Public expenditure > Social expenditure > Public social expenditure: Public social expenditure comprises cash benefits, direct "in-kind” provision of goods and services, and tax breaks with social purposes. To be considered "social”, benefits have to address one or more social goals. Benefits may be targeted at low-income households, but they may also be for the elderly, disabled, sick, unemployed, or young persons. Programmes regulating the provision of social benefits have to involve: a) redistribution of resources across households, or b) compulsory participation. Social benefits are regarded as public when general government (that is central, state, and local governments, including social security funds) controls relevant financial flows. The expenditures shown here refer only to public social benefits and exclude similar benefits provided by private charities.
  • Gross national expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment). Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Entrepreneurship > Hiring and Firing > Index ranking: Every economy has established a complex system of laws and institutions intended to protect the interests of workers and to guarantee a minimum standard of living for its population. The OECD Job Study and the International Encyclopedia for Labour Law and Industrial Relations identify 4 areas subject to statutory regulation in all countries: employment, social security, industrial relations and occupational health and safety. Doing Business focuses on the regulation of employment, specifically the hiring and firing of workers and the rigidity of working hours. This year data on social security payments by the employer and pension benefits, including the mandatory retirement age, have been added. The data on hiring and firing workers are based on a detailed survey of employment and social security regulations. The survey is completed by local law firms. The employment laws of most countries are available online in the NATLEX database, published by the International Labour Organization. In all cases both actual laws and secondary sources are used to ensure accuracy. Conflicting answers are further checked against 2 additional sources, including a local legal treatise on employment regulation. NOTE: This is a ranking derived from several indicators, 1 being the best (ranked first). The higher the number on this graph, the lower their overall ranking. Invert this graph by clicking on 'Amount' at the top. Consult source for details on methodology.
  • Income > GDP, PPP > Current international $ per capita: GDP, PPP (current international $). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Total > Reserves in months of imports: Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. This item shows reserves expressed in terms of the number of months of imports of goods and services which could be paid for.
  • Imports > Commodities: This entry provides a listing of the highest-valued imported products; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
  • Debt > Banks > Automated teller machines > ATMs > Per 100,000 adults: Automated teller machines (ATMs) (per 100,000 adults). Automated teller machines are computerized telecommunications devices that provide clients of a financial institution with access to financial transactions in a public place.
  • Inflation > Consumer price index > 2005 = 100: Consumer price index (2005 = 100). Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.
  • Gross domestic savings > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
  • GDP > Constant LCU: GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.
  • Poverty and inequality > Inequality adjusted income index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
  • Trade > Export growth: Annual growth rate of exports of goods and services based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments."
  • Welfare > Social contributions > Current LCU: Social contributions (current LCU). Social contributions include social security contributions by employees, employers, and self-employed individuals, and other contributions whose source cannot be determined. They also include actual or imputed contributions to social insurance schemes operated by governments.
  • Welfare > Revenue, excluding grants > Current LCU: Revenue, excluding grants (current LCU). Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales. Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here.
  • Labor force per thousand people: This entry contains the total labor force figure. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Business efficiency: Based upon a business efficiency index where '100' represents the highest level of business efficiency.
  • Trade > Imports > Imports of goods and services: GDP by Type of Expenditure at current prices - US dollars.
  • GDP > Median household income (PPP): Median Household Income $PPP.
  • Debt > Government debt > Net government debt, share of GDP per million people: Net government debt as % of GDP (IMF). Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Household final > Consumption expenditure per capita > Constant 2000 US$: Household final consumption expenditure per capita (private consumption per capita) is calculated using private consumption in constant 2000 prices and World Bank population estimates. Household final consumption expenditure is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
  • Public institution index: Public institution index indicates the state of the country's public institutions.
  • GNI > Atlas method > Current US$ per capita: GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro Zone, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Income > GDP, PPP > Current international $: GDP, PPP (current international $). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
  • Income > Household final consumption expenditure, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Household final consumption expenditure, PPP (constant 2005 international $). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are converted to constant 2005 international dollars using purchasing power parity rates.
  • Income > GNI, PPP > Current international $: GNI, PPP (current international $). PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
  • Currency > Monetary unit: Country currency.
  • Budget > Expenditures > Per $ GDP: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
  • Taxes and other revenues: This entry records total taxes and other revenues received by the national government during the time period indicated, expressed as a percent of GDP. Taxes include personal and corporate income taxes, value added taxes, excise taxes, and tariffs. Other revenues include social contributions - such as payments for social security and hospital insurance - grants, and net revenues from public enterprises. Normalizing the data, by dividing total revenues by GDP, enables easy comparisons across countries, and provides an average rate at which all income (GDP) is paid to the national level government for the supply of public goods and services.
  • Patents granted: Patents granted to residents per million people 1998.
  • Balance of payments > Financial > Reserves: Changes in net reserves is the net change in a country's holdings of international reserves resulting from transactions on the current, capital, and financial accounts. These include changes in holdings of monetary gold, SDRs, foreign exchange assets, reserve position in the International Monetary Fund, and other claims on nonresidents that are available to the central authority. The measure is net of liabilities constituting foreign authorities' reserves, and counterpart items for valuation changes and exceptional financing items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Balance of payments > Current account > Goods > Services and income > Exports > Goods and services > Current U: Exports of goods and services comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from residents to nonresidents of general merchandise, goods sent for processing and repairs, nonmonetary gold, and services. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Balance of payments > Current account > Balances > Current account balance > Current US$: Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods, services, net income, and net current transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Foreign direct investment > FDI > FDI flows and stocks > Inward FDI stocks: Foreign direct investment is defined as investment by a resident entity in one economy with the objective of obtaining a lasting interest in an enterprise resident in another economy. The lasting interest means the existence of a long-term relationship between the direct investor and the enterprise and a significant degree of influence by the direct investor on the management of the direct investment enterprise. The ownership of at least 10% of the voting power, representing the influence by the investor, is the basic criterion used. Hence, control by the foreign investor is not required.

    Inward stocks are the direct investments held by non-residents in the reporting economy; outward stocks are the investments of the reporting economy held abroad.

    The stock tables also show the distribution of stocks according to broad sectors of the industry, namely manufacturing and services.

    Negative flows may generally indicate disinvestments or the impact of substantial reimbursements of inter-company loans.
  • Oil > Proved reserves: This entry is the stock of proved reserves of crude oil in barrels (bbl). Proved reserves are those quantities of petroleum which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions.
  • Companies > Ease of doing business index > 1=most business-friendly regulations: Ease of doing business index (1=most business-friendly regulations). Ease of doing business ranks economies from 1 to 189, with first place being the best. A high ranking (a low numerical rank) means that the regulatory environment is conducive to business operation. The index averages the country's percentile rankings on 10 topics covered in the World Bank's Doing Business. The ranking on each topic is the simple average of the percentile rankings on its component indicators.
  • Natural gas > Production: This entry is the total natural gas produced in cubic meters (cu m). The discrepancy between the amount of natural gas produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes and other complicating factors.
  • GDP deflator: The GDP implicit deflator is the ratio of GDP in current local currency to GDP in constant local currency. The base year varies by country.
  • New businesses registered > Number: New businesses registered are the number of new firms, defined as firms registered in the current year of reporting."
  • Oil > Consumption: This entry is the total oil consumed in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors.
  • Poverty > Gap at $2 a day > PPP: Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence. Data showing as 0.5 signifies a poverty gap of less than 0.5 percent.
  • Tourism > International tourism, receipts > Current US$: International tourism, receipts (current US$). International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Electricity > Consumption: This entry consists of total electricity generated annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution.
  • Spending > Final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Final consumption expenditure (constant 2000 US$). Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption). Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Currency > GDP > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: GDP (constant 2000 US$). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2000 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Tax > GDP > Current US$: GDP (current US$). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
  • Portfolio investment > Excluding LCFAR > BoP > Current US$: Portfolio investment excluding liabilities constituting foreign authorities' reserves covers transactions in equity securities and debt securities. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Net trade in goods and services > BoP > Current US$: Net trade in goods and services is derived by offsetting imports of goods and services against exports of goods and services. Exports and imports of goods and services comprise all transactions involving a change of ownership of goods and services between residents of one country and the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Budget > Expenditures > Per capita: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Economic growth > Evolution of GDP > Real GDP growth: In order to calculate the growth rate of GDP free of the direct effects of inflation, data at fixed, or constant, prices should be used. Price relativities change over time, and the 1993 System of National Accounts recommends that the fixed prices used should be representative of the periods for which the growth rates are calculated, which means that new fixed prices should be introduced frequently, typically every year. The growth rates of GDP between successive periods are linked together to form chain volume indices. All OECD countries derive their "volume" estimates in this way, except for Korea, and Mexico.. These two like many non-OECD countries, only revise their fixed weights every five or ten years. Such practices tend to lead to biased growth rates, usually upward.

    The growth rates for OECD total are averages of the growth rates of individual countries weighted by the relative size of each country’s GDP in US dollars. Conversion to US dollars is done using purchasing power parities so that each country is weighted by the relative size of its real GDP.
  • GDP > Composition, by end use > Investment in inventories: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
    household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
    government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
    investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
    investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
    exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
    imports of goods and ...
    Full definition
  • Bank and trade-related lending > PPG + PNG > NFL > Current US$: Bank and trade-related lending covers commercial bank lending and other private credits. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Trade > Exports > By good > Chocolate cocoa preparations: Exports of Chocolate/cocoa preparations, by country, in thousands USD
  • Taxes > Taxes on the average worker > Taxes on the average worker: The taxes included in the measure are personal income taxes, employees’ social security contributions and employers’ social security contributions. For the few countries that have them, it also includes payroll taxes. The amount of these taxes paid in relation to the employment of one average worker is expressed as a percentage of their labour cost (gross wage plus employers’ social security contributions and payroll tax).

    An average worker is defined as somebody who earns the average income of full-time workers of the country concerned in sectors C-K of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). The average worker is single, meaning that he or she does not receive any tax relief in respect of a spouse, unmarried partner or child.
  • Steel > Production: Production of crude steel in million tonnes.
  • Purchasing power parity > GNI > PPP > Current international $: PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income (GNI) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
  • Debt > External > Per $ GDP: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
  • Trade > Exports > By good > Passenger cars etc: Exports of Passenger cars etc, by country, in thousands USD
  • Government > Revenue > Tax > Maximum tax rate for individuals: Individual (max).

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

    Mexico had range specified: 29%-3%

  • GNI > PPP > Current international $: PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income (GNI) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
  • Trade > With US > US imports of bauxite and aluminum per 1000: US imports of bauxite and aluminum, USD Thousands, 2004. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • High-technology > Exports > Current US$: High-technology exports are products with high research and development intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Oil > Exports per thousand people: This entry is the total oil exported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products.
    Additional details:
    • Bahamas, The: transshipments of 41,570 bbl/day (2007)
    • Bahamas, The: transshipments of 41,610 bbl/day (2009)
    . Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Overall productivity > PPP: Estimates: GDP (PPP) per person employed, US$
  • Final > Consumption expenditure > Etc. > Current US$: Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (general government consumption). This estimate includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • GDP > Constant 2000 US$ > Per capita: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2000 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Deposit interest rate: Deposit interest rate is the rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits.
  • National accounts > US$ at constant 2000 prices > Aggregate indicators > GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant U.S. dollars.
  • Income > GDP per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2005 international $). GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
  • Scientific and technical journals > Articles published: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences."
  • Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita: Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Net income > BoP > Current US$: Net income refers to receipts and payments of employee compensation paid to nonresident workers and investment income (receipts and payments on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Income derived from the use of intangible assets is recorded under business services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Goods imports > BoP > Current US$: Goods imports refer to all movable goods (including nonmonetary gold) involved in a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents. The category includes goods previously included in services: goods received or sent for processing and their subsequent export or import in the form of processed goods, repairs on goods, and goods procured in ports by carriers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • GDP per unit of energy use: GDP per unit of energy use is the PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2000 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
  • Oil > Consumption per thousand people: This entry is the total oil consumed in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Budget > Revenues > Per $ GDP: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
  • Economic aid > Recipient per capita: This entry, which is subject to major problems of definition and statistical coverage, refers to the net inflow of Official Development Finance (ODF) to recipient countries. The figure includes assistance from the World Bank, the IMF, and other international organizations and from individual nation donors. Formal commitments of aid are included in the data. Omitted from the data are grants by private organizations. Aid comes in various forms including outright grants and loans. The entry thus is the difference between new inflows and repayments. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Natural gas > Production per capita: This entry is the total natural gas produced in cubic meters (cu m). The discrepancy between the amount of natural gas produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • International tourism > Expenditures for travel items > Current US$: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These may include expenditures by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Researchers in RandD > Per million people: Researchers in R&D are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods, or systems and in the management of the projects concerned. Postgraduate PhD students (ISCED97 level 6) engaged in R&D are included.
  • Innovation > Research and development personnel > By sector > Business enterprise sector per thousand people: Total number of researchers employed by private for-profit enterprises. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Tax > Taxes on international trade > Current LCU: Taxes on international trade (current LCU). Taxes on international trade include import duties, export duties, profits of export or import monopolies, exchange profits, and exchange taxes.
  • Currency > DEC alternative conversion factor > LCU per US$: The DEC alternative conversion factor is the underlying annual exchange rate used for the World Bank Atlas method. As a rule, it is the official exchange rate reported in the IMF's International Financial Statistics (line rf). Exceptions arise where further refinements are made by World Bank staff. It is expressed in local currency units per U.S. dollar.
  • Labor force > By occupation > Industry: This entry is derived from Economy > Labor force > By occupation, which lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by sector of occupation. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other economic activities that do not produce material goods. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete and may range from 99-101 percent due to rounding.
  • Stocks traded > Total value > Current US$: Stocks traded refers to the total value of shares traded during the period.
  • GDP > Composition, by end use > Investment in fixed capital: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
    household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
    government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
    investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
    investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
    exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
    imports of goods and ...
    Full definition
    .
  • Trade > Exports > Goods and services: Exports of goods and services as a % of GDP, 2000
  • Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$: Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Trade > Imports > Goods and services > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Imports of goods and services comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents of general merchandise, goods sent for processing and repairs, nonmonetary gold, and services. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
  • Royalty and license fees > Payments > BoP > Current US$: Royalty and license fees are payments and receipts between residents and nonresidents for the authorized use of intangible, nonproduced, nonfinancial assets and proprietary rights (such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial processes, and franchises) and for the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals of prototypes (such as films and manuscripts). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Portfolio investment > Bonds > PPG + PNG > NFL > Current US$: Portfolio bond investment consists of bond issues purchased by foreign investors. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Stock of direct foreign investment > At home per capita: This entry gives the cumulative US dollar value of all investments in the home country made directly by residents - primarily companies - of other countries as of the end of the time period indicated. Direct investment excludes investment through purchase of shares. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Reserves > Total reserves minus gold > Current US$: Total reserves minus gold (current US$). Total reserves minus gold comprise special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. Gold holdings are excluded. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Spending > Household final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (constant 2000 US$). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Spending > Final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$: Final consumption expenditure (constant 2000 US$). Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption). Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
  • Savings > Gross domestic savings > Current US$: Gross domestic savings (current US$). Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • World Bank exchange rate: The DEC alternative conversion factor is the underlying annual exchange rate used for the World Bank Atlas method. As a rule, it is the official exchange rate reported in the IMF's International Financial Statistics (line rf). Exceptions arise where further refinements are made by World Bank staff. It is expressed in local currency units per U.S. dollar."
  • Financial sector > Exchange rates and prices > GDP deflator > Base year varies by country: The GDP implicit deflator is the ratio of GDP in current local currency to GDP in constant local currency. The base year varies by country.
  • Balance of payments > Current account > Balances > Net trade in goods > US$: Net trade in goods is the difference between exports and imports of goods. The category includes goods previously included in services: goods received or sent for processing and their subsequent export or import in the form of processed goods, repairs on goods, and goods procured in ports by carriers. Trade in services is not included. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Trade > Exports > Goods: Goods imports refer to all movable goods (including nonmonetary gold) involved in a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents. The category includes goods previously included in services: goods received or sent for processing and their subsequent export or import in the form of processed goods, repairs on goods, and goods procured in ports by carriers. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Electricity > Production: This entry is the annual electricity generated expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution.
  • Private investment > Telecommunications: Investment in telecom projects with private participation covers infrastructure projects in telecommunications that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets are excluded. The types of projects included are operations and management contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure, greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility), and divestitures. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernisation of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Electricity > Imports per capita: This entry is the total imported electricity in kilowatt-hours. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Gross national expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
  • Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ per capita: Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Household final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Patent applications > Residents: Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years."
  • Foreign aid > From United States: Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and Commission of the European Communities. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Foreign aid > From Switzerland: Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and Commission of the European Communities. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • GNI > Atlas method > Current US$ > Per capita: GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro Zone, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Income > GNI, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: GNI, PPP (constant 2005 international $). PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
  • Income > GNI per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: GNI per capita, PPP (constant 2005 international $). GNI per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GNI is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
  • Income > GDP, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ per capita: GDP, PPP (constant 2005 international $). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • International tourism > Receipts > Current US$: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Terms of trade: Terms of trade (1980 = 100) 1999. The ratio of the export price index to the import price index measured relative to the base year 1980. A value of more than 100 implies that the price of exports has risen relative to the price of imports.
  • Oil > Production per thousand people: This entry is the total oil produced in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Gross savings > Current US$ per capita: Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Innovation > Patent applications, nonresidents per million: Patent applications, nonresidents. Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Innovation > Patent applications, residents: Patent applications, residents. Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years.
  • Trade > Exports > Export growth in USD: Export values are the current value of exports (f.o.b.) converted to U.S. dollars and expressed as a percentage of the average for the base period (2000). UNCTAD's export value indexes are reported for most economies. For selected economies for which UNCTAD does not publish data, the export value indexes are derived from export volume indexes (line 72) and corresponding unit value indexes of exports (line 74) in the IMF's International Financial Statistics."
  • Trade > Imports > By good > Silver platinum etc: Imports of Silver/platinum etc, by country, in thousands USD
  • IBRD loans and IDA credits > PPG DOD > Current US$: IBRD loans and IDA credits are extended by the World Bank Group. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) lends at market rates. Credits from the International Development Association (IDA) are at concessional rates. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Innovation > Scientific and technical journal articles: Scientific and technical journal articles. Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
  • GDP > PPP > Current international $ per capita: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Welfare > Revenue, excluding grants > Current LCU per capita: Revenue, excluding grants (current LCU). Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales. Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number per 1000: Micro, small, and medium-size enterprises are business that may be defined by the number of employees. There is no international standard definition of firm size; however, many institutions that collect information use the following size categories: micro enterprises have 0-9 employees, small enterprises have 10-49 employees, and medium-size enterprises have 50-249 employees. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Tax > Customs and other import duties > Current LCU: Customs and other import duties are all levies collected on goods that are entering the country or services delivered by nonresidents to residents. They include levies imposed for revenue or protection purposes and determined on a specific or ad valorem basis as long as they are restricted to imported goods or services.
  • Tax > Social security contributions: Social contributions include social security contributions by employees, employers, and self-employed individuals, and other contributions whose source cannot be determined. They also include actual or imputed contributions to social insurance schemes operated by governments."
  • Tax > Taxes on income > Profits and capital gains > Current LCU: Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation."
  • Tax > Components of taxation > Social security > Employees contribution: Tax on employee's contribution of social security as a percentage of total tax collected by the country. Data is for 2002.
  • Oil > Imports: This entry is the total oil imported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products.
  • Imports > Partners: This entry provides a rank ordering of trading partners starting with the most important; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
  • Oil > Imports per thousand people: This entry is the total oil imported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Electricity > Production per capita: This entry is the annual electricity generated expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Gross Domestic Product > GDP > Size of GDP > Gross domestic product per million: What does gross domestic product mean? "Gross" signifies that no deduction has been made for the depreciation of machinery, buildings and other capital products used in production. "Domestic" means that it is production by the resident institutional units of the country. As many products are used to produce other products it is necessary to define production in terms of value added.

    GDP can be measured in three different ways: as output less intermediate consumption (i.e. value added) plus taxes less subsidies on products (such as VAT); as the income earned from production by summing employee compensation, the gross operating surplus of enterprises and government, the gross mixed income of unincorporated enterprises and net taxes on production and imports (VAT, payroll tax, import duties, etc, less subsidies); or as the expenditure on the goods and services produced by summing final consumption expenditures, gross fixed capital formation, changes in inventories and exports less imports. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Trade > Imports > By good > Passenger cars etc: Imports of Passenger cars etc, by country, in thousands USD
  • Trade balance with US: In US dollars. Jan 2003 - March 2003
  • Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Merchandise > Exports > Current US$: Merchandise exports show the f.o.b. value of goods provided to the rest of the world valued in U.S. dollars. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Household final > Consumption expenditure > Etc. > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This item also includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$: Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Gross national expenditure > Constant 2000 US$: Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment). Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
  • Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Trade > Exports > Goods and services > Constant 2000 US$: Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude labor and property income (formerly called factor services) as well as transfer payments. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
  • Services > Etc. > Value added > Constant 2000 US$: Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
  • Research and development spending: Research and development (R&D) expenditures for most recent year available between 1990 and 2000.
  • Tax > Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours: Time to prepare and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes and social security contributions."
  • Financial sector > Monetary holdings > Liabilities > Money and quasi money > M2 > Current LCU: Money and quasi money comprise the sum of currency outside banks, demand deposits other than those of the central government, and the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government. This definition of money supply is frequently called M2; it corresponds to lines 34 and 35 in the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) International Financial Statistics (IFS). Data are in current local currency."
  • Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Net errors and omissions > Adjusted > BoP > Current US$: Net errors and omissions constitute a residual category needed to ensure that all debit and credit entries in the balance of payments statement sum to zero. In the International Financial Statistics presentation, this is equal to the difference between reserves and related items and the sum of the balances of the current, capital, and financial accounts. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Balance of payments > Current account > Goods > Services and income > Exports of goods > Services > Income and wo: Exports of goods and services are the total value of goods and services exported as well as income and workers' remittances received. Workers' remittances include compensation of employees. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
  • Royalty and license fees > Payments > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Royalty and license fees are payments and receipts between residents and nonresidents for the authorized use of intangible, nonproduced, nonfinancial assets and proprietary rights (such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial processes, and franchises) and for the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals of prototypes (such as films and manuscripts). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Net income > BoP > Current US$ per million: Net income refers to receipts and payments of employee compensation paid to nonresident workers and investment income (receipts and payments on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Income derived from the use of intangible assets is recorded under business services. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Trade > Imports of goods > Services and income > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Imports of goods, services and income is the sum of goods (merchandise) imports, imports of (nonfactor) services and income (factor) payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Commercial service imports > Current US$ > Per capita: Commercial service imports are total service imports minus imports of government services not included elsewhere. International transactions in services are defined by the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (1993) as the economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred, and consumed at the same time. Definitions may vary among reporting economies. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Commercial service imports > Current US$: Commercial service imports are total service imports minus imports of government services not included elsewhere. International transactions in services are defined by the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (1993) as the economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred, and consumed at the same time. Definitions may vary among reporting economies.
  • Government > Revenue > Tax > Corporate tax: Corporate tax.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

    Bangladesh had range specified: 45%-0%

    Maldives had range specified: 15%-0%

    Mexico had range specified: 30%-28%

    Spain had range specified: 30%-25%

    Sri Lanka had range specified: 35%-0%

    Switzerland had range specified: 25%-13%

  • Natural gas > Consumption: This entry is the total natural gas consumed in cubic meters (cu m). The discrepancy between the amount of natural gas produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes and other complicating factors.
  • Natural gas > Proved reserves per capita: This entry is the stock of proved reserves of natural gas in cubic meters (cu m). Proved reserves are those quantities of natural gas, which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Natural gas > Proved reserves: This entry is the stock of proved reserves of natural gas in cubic meters (cu m). Proved reserves are those quantities of natural gas, which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions.
  • Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Per 1,000 people: Micro, small, and medium-size enterprises are business that may be defined by the number of employees. There is no international standard definition of firm size; however, many institutions that collect information use the following size categories: micro enterprises have 0-9 employees, small enterprises have 10-49 employees, and medium-size enterprises have 50-249 employees.
  • Public and publicly guaranteed debt service > TDS > Current US$: Public and publicly guaranteed debt service (PPG) is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term obligations of public debtors and long-term private obligations guaranteed by a public entity. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Tourism > International tourism, expenditures > Current US$: International tourism, expenditures (current US$). International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These expenditures may include those by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include expenditures for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Tourism > International tourism, receipts for travel items > Current US$ per capita: International tourism, receipts for travel items (current US$). International tourism receipts for travel items are expenditures by international inbound visitors in the reporting economy. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Tourism > International tourism, number of departures: International tourism, number of departures. International outbound tourists are the number of departures that people make from their country of usual residence to any other country for any purpose other than a remunerated activity in the country visited. The data on outbound tourists refer to the number of departures, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips from a country during a given period is counted each time as a new departure.
  • Public expenditure > Health expenditure > Total expenditure on health: Total expenditure on health measures the final consumption of health goods and services (i.e. current health expenditure) plus capital investment in health care infrastructure. This includes spending by both public and private sources (including households) on medical services and goods, public health and prevention programmes and administration. Excluded are health-related expenditures such as training, research and environmental health.
  • Gross Domestic Product > GDP > Size of GDP > Gross domestic product: What does gross domestic product mean? "Gross" signifies that no deduction has been made for the depreciation of machinery, buildings and other capital products used in production. "Domestic" means that it is production by the resident institutional units of the country. As many products are used to produce other products it is necessary to define production in terms of value added.

    GDP can be measured in three different ways: as output less intermediate consumption (i.e. value added) plus taxes less subsidies on products (such as VAT); as the income earned from production by summing employee compensation, the gross operating surplus of enterprises and government, the gross mixed income of unincorporated enterprises and net taxes on production and imports (VAT, payroll tax, import duties, etc, less subsidies); or as the expenditure on the goods and services produced by summing final consumption expenditures, gross fixed capital formation, changes in inventories and exports less imports.
  • Companies > Ease of doing business index > 1=most business-friendly regulations per million: Ease of doing business index (1=most business-friendly regulations). Ease of doing business ranks economies from 1 to 189, with first place being the best. A high ranking (a low numerical rank) means that the regulatory environment is conducive to business operation. The index averages the country's percentile rankings on 10 topics covered in the World Bank's Doing Business. The ranking on each topic is the simple average of the percentile rankings on its component indicators. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Economic growth > Inflation > GDP deflator: The GDP deflator is an implicit, not an explicit deflator. It is derived by dividing an index of GDP measured in current prices by a chain volume index of GDP (see Evolution of GDP), both, typically. derived using the expenditure approach (see Size of GDP). It is therefore a weighted average of the price indices of:

    goods and services consumed by households;

    expenditure by government on goods, services and salaries;

    fixed capital assets;

    changes in inventories;

    exports of goods and services;

    imports of goods and services (minus).

    While the CPI measures the price changes of goods and services consumed by households, the GDP deflator measures the price changes of goods and services produced by a country, including exports, and also includes a component to reflect price changes in imports. Hence, the treatment of exports and imports merits special attention. The GDP deflator will go up, indicating more inflation, if the prices of exports rise but although higher inflation is usually thought of as a bad thing, it may actually be beneficial to a country if the prices of its exports rise, since it is non-residents who pay the higher prices; although this may be coupled with a fall in the value of the country’s currency. Conversely, price rises in imports will reduce the GDP deflator, although, following the same reasoning this may not necessarily be a good thing for residents.
  • International tourism > Receipts for travel items > Current US$: International tourism receipts for travel items are expenditures by international inbound visitors in the reporting economy. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Tourism receipts > International > Per $ GDP: Per $ GDP figures expressed per $1,000 gross domestic product
  • Trade > Tariffs > Binding coverage > All products: Binding coverage is the percentage of product lines with an agreed bound rate. Bound rates result from trade negotiations incorporated into a country's schedule of concessions and are thus enforceable.
  • GDP > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ > Per capita: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 international dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • GDP > PPP > Current international $ > Per capita: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Foreign aid > From European Commission: Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and Commission of the European Communities. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
  • Financial sector > Interest rates > Interest rate spread > Lending rate minus deposit rate: Interest rate spread is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to prime customers minus the interest rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits."
  • Patent applications > Nonresidents: Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years."
  • International tourism > Expenditures > Current US$: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These may include expenditures by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Tax > Tax payments > Number per million: Tax payments (number). Tax payments by businesses are the total number of taxes paid by businesses, including electronic filing. The tax is counted as paid once a year even if payments are more frequent. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Trade > Exports > Per $ GDP: The total US dollar amount of exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
  • Purchasing power parity > PPP conversion factor > Private > Consumption > LCU per international $: Purchasing power parity conversion factor is the number of units of a country's currency required to buy the same amounts of goods and services in the domestic market as U.S. dollar would buy in the United States. This conversion factor is for private consumption (i.e., household final consumption expenditure)."
  • Purchasing power parity > GDP > PPP > Constant 2005 international $: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
  • Trade > Exports > Export growth: Export volume indexes are derived from UNCTAD's volume index series and are the ratio of the export value indexes to the corresponding unit value indexes. Unit value indexes are based on data reported by countries that demonstrate consistency under UNCTAD quality controls, supplemented by UNCTAD's estimates using the previous year's trade values at the Standard International Trade Classification three-digit level as weights. For economies for which UNCTAD does not publish data, the export volume indexes (lines 72) in the IMF's International Financial Statistics are used."
  • Trade > Exports > By good > Perfume toilet cosmetics: Exports of Perfume/toilet/cosmetics, by country, in thousands USD
STAT Mexico Poland HISTORY
Budget > Revenues $266.90 billion
Ranked 18th. 3 times more than Poland
$88.31 billion
Ranked 34th.

Budget surplus > + or deficit > - -2.7% of GDP
Ranked 88th. 42% more than Poland
-1.9% of GDP
Ranked 69th.

Debt > Government debt > Public debt, share of GDP 35.4 CIA
Ranked 101st.
53.8 CIA
Ranked 53th. 52% more than Mexico
Overview Mexico has a free market economy in the trillion dollar class. It contains a mixture of modern and outmoded industry and agriculture, increasingly dominated by the private sector. Recent administrations have expanded competition in seaports, railroads, telecommunications, electricity generation, natural gas distribution, and airports. Per capita income is roughly one-third that of the US; income distribution remains highly unequal. Since the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994, Mexico's share of US imports has increased from 7% to 12%, and its share of Canadian imports has doubled to 5.5%. Mexico has free trade agreements with over 50 countries including Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, the European Free Trade Area, and Japan - putting more than 90% of trade under free trade agreements. In 2012 Mexico formally joined the Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations and in July it formed the Pacific Alliance with Peru, Colombia and Chile. In 2007, during its first year in office, the Felipe CALDERON administration was able to garner support from the opposition to successfully pass pension and fiscal reforms. The administration passed an energy reform measure in 2008 and another fiscal reform in 2009. Mexico's GDP plunged 6.2% in 2009 as world demand for exports dropped, asset prices tumbled, and remittances and investment declined. GDP posted positive growth of 5.6% in 2010 with exports - particularly to the United States - leading the way. Growth slowed to 3.9% in 2011 and slightly recovered to 4% in 2012. In November 2012, Mexico's legislature passed a comprehensive labor reform which was signed into law by former President Felipe CALDERON. Mexico's new PRI government, led by President Enrique PENA NIETO, has said it will prioritize structural economic reforms and competitiveness. The new president signed the Pact for Mexico, an agreement that lists 95 priority commitments, along with the leaders of the country's three main political parties: the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), the National Action Party (PAN) and the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). Poland has pursued a policy of economic liberalization since 1990 and Poland's economy was the only one in the European Union to avoid a recession through the 2008-09 economic downturn. Although EU membership and access to EU structural funds have provided a major boost to the economy since 2004, GDP per capita remains significantly below the EU average while unemployment continues to exceed the EU average. The government of Prime Minister Donald TUSK steered the Polish economy through the economic downturn by skillfully managing public finances without stifling economic growth and adopted controversial pension and tax reforms to further shore up public finances. While the Polish economy has performed well over the past five years, growth slowed in 2012, in part due to the ongoing economic difficulties in the euro zone. The key policy challenge is to provide support to the economy through monetary easing, while maintaining the pace of structural fiscal consolidation. Poland's economic performance could improve over the longer term if the country addresses some of the remaining deficiencies in its road and rail infrastructure and its business environment. An inefficient commercial court system, a rigid labor code, red tape, and a burdensome tax system keep the private sector from realizing its full potential.
Exports $371.40 billion
Ranked 15th. 94% more than Poland
$191.00 billion
Ranked 26th.

GDP $1.18 trillion
Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Poland
$489.80 billion
Ranked 24th.

GDP > Per capita $12,447.00 per capita
Ranked 62nd.
$18,990.83 per capita
Ranked 18th. 53% more than Mexico

GDP > Per capita > PPP $15,400.00
Ranked 64th.
$20,600.00
Ranked 47th. 34% more than Mexico

GDP > Purchasing power parity per capita $13,233.08
Ranked 67th.
$18,992.41
Ranked 47th. 44% more than Mexico

GDP per capita $9,747.46
Ranked 60th.
$12,707.85
Ranked 50th. 30% more than Mexico

Gross National Income $550.00 billion
Ranked 10th. 3 times more than Poland
$164.00 billion
Ranked 23th.
Inflation rate > Consumer prices 4.1%
Ranked 93th. 11% more than Poland
3.7%
Ranked 102nd.

Population below poverty line 51.3%
Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than Poland
10.6%
Ranked 24th.

Public debt 35.8% of GDP
Ranked 101st.
48.3% of GDP
Ranked 66th. 35% more than Mexico

Unemployment rate 5%
Ranked 89th.
12.8%
Ranked 28th. 3 times more than Mexico

GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Services 60.7%
Ranked 91st.
63.8%
Ranked 78th. 5% more than Mexico
Exports per capita $3,073.30
Ranked 63th.
$4,955.54
Ranked 52nd. 61% more than Mexico

Distribution of family income > Gini index 48.3
Ranked 1st. 42% more than Poland
34.1
Ranked 23th.

Human Development Index 0.814
Ranked 53th.
0.858
Ranked 36th. 5% more than Mexico
Tourist arrivals > Per capita 205.87 per 1,000 people
Ranked 86th.
336.62 per 1,000 people
Ranked 76th. 64% more than Mexico

GDP > Purchasing power parity $1.80 trillion
Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Poland
$792.40 billion
Ranked 21st.

Currency > PPP conversion factor to official exchange rate ratio 0.69
Ranked 41st. 21% more than Poland
0.57
Ranked 53th.

Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
GDP > Composition by sector > Industry 34.2%
Ranked 56th. The same as Poland
34.2%
Ranked 54th.

Currency > Official exchange rate > LCU per US$, period average $13.17
Ranked 83th. 4 times more than Poland
$3.26
Ranked 119th.

Inequality > GINI index 51.61
Ranked 1st. 48% more than Poland
34.92
Ranked 27th.

Imports per capita $3,071.64
Ranked 78th.
$5,129.37
Ranked 58th. 67% more than Mexico

Gross National Income per capita $5,221.19
Ranked 43th. 22% more than Poland
$4,287.80
Ranked 47th.
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Individual rate 28%
Ranked 53th.
32%
Ranked 41st. 14% more than Mexico

GDP per capita in 1950 $2,085.00
Ranked 27th.
$2,447.00
Ranked 21st. 17% more than Mexico
Technology index 4.13
Ranked 47th.
4.19
Ranked 43th. 1% more than Mexico
Development > Human Development Index 0.775
Ranked 61st.
0.821
Ranked 39th. 6% more than Mexico

Population below poverty line > Per capita 0.166% per 1 million people
Ranked 16th.
0.445% per 1 million people
Ranked 33th. 3 times more than Mexico

Big Mac Index $2.66
Ranked 21st. 27% more than Poland
$2.09
Ranked 43th.
GDP > Per capita > PPP per thousand people $0.13
Ranked 147th.
$0.53
Ranked 113th. 4 times more than Mexico

Exports > Commodities manufactured goods, oil and oil products, silver, fruits, vegetables, coffee, cotton machinery and transport equipment 37.8%, intermediate manufactured goods 23.7%, miscellaneous manufactured goods 17.1%, food and live animals 7.6%
Poverty and inequality > Richest quintile to poorest quintile ratio 12.8
Ranked 1st. 2 times more than Poland
5.6
Ranked 9th.
Imports $371.20 billion
Ranked 14th. 88% more than Poland
$197.70 billion
Ranked 25th.

Budget > Expenditures $297.70 billion
Ranked 14th. 3 times more than Poland
$97.65 billion
Ranked 34th.

GINI index 46.05
Ranked 7th. 34% more than Poland
34.47
Ranked 16th.

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold per capita $767.99
Ranked 66th.
$1,724.79
Ranked 33th. 2 times more than Mexico

Debt > Net foreign assets > Current LCU 2.1 trillion
Ranked 33th. 12 times more than Poland
177.42 billion
Ranked 77th.

Tourist arrivals 22.64 million
Ranked 12th. 75% more than Poland
12.96 million
Ranked 19th.

Budget > Revenues > Per capita $2,092.90 per capita
Ranked 59th.
$2,389.04 per capita
Ranked 19th. 14% more than Mexico

Inbound tourism income > Current US$ $14.65 billion
Ranked 19th. 14% more than Poland
$12.84 billion
Ranked 24th.

Tax > Tax rates 14.74
Ranked 61st.
31.99
Ranked 38th. 2 times more than Mexico

Population below median income > Per $ GDP 0.00022 per $10 million
Ranked 1st. 18% more than Poland
0.000186 per $10 million
Ranked 1st.
GDP per person 8,142.97
Ranked 55th.
11,273.33
Ranked 45th. 38% more than Mexico

Exports > Main exports Machinery and transport equipment, mineral fuels and lubricants, food and live animals Machinery and transport equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals
Budget > Revenues per capita $2,010.41
Ranked 62nd.
$2,389.24
Ranked 49th. 19% more than Mexico

Debt > External $347.10 billion
Ranked 29th.
$364.20 billion
Ranked 28th. 5% more than Mexico

Gross domestic savings > Current US$ per capita 1,400.87$
Ranked 40th.
1,488.14$
Ranked 39th. 6% more than Mexico

Central bank discount rate 4.5%
Ranked 27th. 6% more than Poland
4.25%
Ranked 29th.

Debt > External > Per capita $1,674.32 per capita
Ranked 61st.
$4,408.30 per capita
Ranked 42nd. 3 times more than Mexico

GDP > Composition by sector > Services 62.1%
Ranked 75th.
62.3%
Ranked 73th. About the same as Mexico

Tax > GDP > Constant LCU 13.24 trillion
Ranked 19th. 10 times more than Poland
1.32 trillion
Ranked 61st.

Tourism > International tourism, number of arrivals per capita 0.196
Ranked 102nd.
0.346
Ranked 90th. 77% more than Mexico

International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ > Per $ GDP 16.66$ per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 83th.
23.5$ per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 71st. 41% more than Mexico

Consumer spending 67.44
Ranked 58th. 11% more than Poland
60.6
Ranked 78th.

Consumer price index 127.15%
Ranked 61st. 11% more than Poland
114.58%
Ranked 95th.

GDP > Composition by sector > Agriculture 3.7%
Ranked 144th. 6% more than Poland
3.5%
Ranked 147th.

GDP per capita > PPP > Current international $ 10,750.71 PPP $
Ranked 52nd.
13,846.83 PPP $
Ranked 43th. 29% more than Mexico

Industries food and beverages, tobacco, chemicals, iron and steel, petroleum, mining, textiles, clothing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, tourism machine building, iron and steel, coal mining, chemicals, shipbuilding, food processing, glass, beverages, textiles
Population below poverty line > Per $ GDP 16.45% per $1 trillion of GD
Ranked 26th.
78.51% per $1 trillion of GD
Ranked 34th. 5 times more than Mexico

GDP > Composition, by end use > Imports of goods and services -35.5%
Ranked 58th.
-45.6%
Ranked 82nd. 28% more than Mexico
GDP per capita in 1973 $4,189.00
Ranked 27th.
$5,334.00
Ranked 24th. 27% more than Mexico
New businesses registered > Number > Per capita 2.97 per 1,000 people
Ranked 19th. 4 times more than Poland
0.692 per 1,000 people
Ranked 44th.

GDP per capita > Constant LCU 17035.8 23928.31
Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Foreign direct investment > Net inflows > BoP > Current US $13.98 billion
Ranked 18th. 21% more than Poland
$11.55 billion
Ranked 23th.

Labor force 50
Ranked 61st. 3 times more than Poland
18
Ranked 99th.

Poverty and inequality > Population below $1 (PPP) per day $0.72%
Ranked 24th. 10 times more than Poland
$0.07%
Ranked 10th.

Trade > With US > US imports of bauxite and aluminum 133,583
Ranked 9th. 62 times more than Poland
2,154
Ranked 51st.
GDP > Real growth rate 3.6%
Ranked 90th. 89% more than Poland
1.9%
Ranked 122nd.

Debt > Government debt > Gross government debt, share of GDP 43.52 IMF
Ranked 86th.
55.17 IMF
Ranked 56th. 27% more than Mexico
Debt > Central government debt, total > Current LCU 1.28 trillion
Ranked 10th. 4 times more than Poland
334.58 billion
Ranked 23th.

International tourism > Number of arrivals 21.91 million
Ranked 9th. 44% more than Poland
15.2 million
Ranked 15th.

Economic growth > Per capita -7.48
Ranked 149th.
1.64
Ranked 38th.

Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ per capita 111.06 BoP $
Ranked 49th.
172.35 BoP $
Ranked 39th. 55% more than Mexico

GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$ 6,172.02 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 42nd. 19% more than Poland
5,203.09 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 48th.

Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number > Per capita 28.33 per 1,000 people
Ranked 16th.
43.26 per 1,000 people
Ranked 3rd. 53% more than Mexico
Economic freedom 67
Ranked 49th. 2% more than Poland
66
Ranked 57th.

GDP > Official exchange rate per capita $8,516.67
Ranked 64th.
$12,308.92
Ranked 51st. 45% more than Mexico

Stock of direct foreign investment > At home $400.90 billion
Ranked 19th. 63% more than Poland
$246.50 billion
Ranked 22nd.

Current account balance $-14,180,000,000.00
Ranked 166th.
$-18,140,000,000.00
Ranked 170th. 28% more than Mexico

Agriculture > Products corn, wheat, soybeans, rice, beans, cotton, coffee, fruit, tomatoes; beef, poultry, dairy products; wood products potatoes, fruits, vegetables, wheat; poultry, eggs, pork, dairy
Trade > Imports per capita $2,595.72
Ranked 58th.
$4,384.07
Ranked 45th. 69% more than Mexico

Currency Mexican peso zloty
Current account balance > BoP > Current US$ per capita -41.97 BoP $
Ranked 73th.
-133.76 BoP $
Ranked 86th. 3 times more than Mexico

GNI per capita $9,420.00
Ranked 15th.
$12,380.00
Ranked 45th. 31% more than Mexico
GDP > Purchasing power parity > Per capita $12,447.00 per capita
Ranked 62nd.
$18,990.83 per capita
Ranked 18th. 53% more than Mexico

Companies > Listed domestic companies, total 131
Ranked 52nd.
844
Ranked 15th. 6 times more than Mexico

Trade > Exports per capita $2,570.27
Ranked 57th.
$4,211.22
Ranked 45th. 64% more than Mexico

Business > Companies > Corporate governance (overall rating) 2.43
Ranked 37th.
5.11
Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Mexico
Current account balance per capita 0.0
Ranked 110th.
0.0
Ranked 58th.

Money and quasi money > M2 > Current LCU 2337897000000 417696600000
Tourism > International tourism, number of arrivals 23.4 million
Ranked 12th. 75% more than Poland
13.35 million
Ranked 20th.

Gross national saving 21.7% of GDP
Ranked 63th. 26% more than Poland
17.2% of GDP
Ranked 90th.

Tax > GDP > Constant LCU per capita 109,594.37
Ranked 61st. 3 times more than Poland
34,211.63
Ranked 91st.

Retail > Gross value added by wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels 203.65 billion
Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Poland
87.67 billion
Ranked 19th.

Companies > Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ per capita $4,344.79
Ranked 49th.
$4,611.24
Ranked 48th. 6% more than Mexico

Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ per capita 3,106.99$
Ranked 23th.
3,907.95$
Ranked 21st. 26% more than Mexico

Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita 4,737.58$
Ranked 34th.
4,914.64$
Ranked 31st. 4% more than Mexico

Budget > Expenditures per capita $2,264.89
Ranked 62nd.
$3,362.69
Ranked 48th. 48% more than Mexico

Reserves > Total reserves > Includes gold, current US$ $167.08 billion
Ranked 17th. 53% more than Poland
$108.90 billion
Ranked 22nd.

Stock of broad money None None
Exchange rates Mexican pesos (MXN) per US dollar -<br />13.17 (2012 est.)<br />12.42 (2011 est.)<br />12.64 (2010 est.)<br />13.51 (2009)<br />11.02 (2008) zlotych (PLN) per US dollar -<br />3.26 (2012 est.)<br />2.96 (2011 est.)<br />3.02 (2010 est.)<br />3.12 (2009)<br />2.3 (2008)
Debt > External per capita $1,603.10
Ranked 62nd.
$4,454.29
Ranked 42nd. 3 times more than Mexico

Size of economy > Share of world GDP 1.84%
Ranked 9th. 4 times more than Poland
0.49%
Ranked 27th.
Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ > Per $ GDP 0.193$ per $1 of GDP
Ranked 96th. 6% more than Poland
0.182$ per $1 of GDP
Ranked 115th.

Exports > Partners US 78% Germany 26%, UK 7%, Czech Republic 6.5%, France 6%, Russia 5.2%, Italy 5%, Netherlands 4.6%
Aid per capita > Current US$ 1.84$
Ranked 128th.
39.91$
Ranked 75th. 22 times more than Mexico

GDP > Official exchange rate $1.16 trillion
Ranked 14th. 2 times more than Poland
$483.20 billion
Ranked 24th.

GDP per capita > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ 9,564.44 PPP 2000 $
Ranked 52nd.
12,318.93 PPP 2000 $
Ranked 43th. 29% more than Mexico

Investment > Gross fixed 21.5% of GDP
Ranked 76th. 6% more than Poland
20.3% of GDP
Ranked 90th.

Interest rate spread > Lending rate minus deposit rate 6.24%
Ranked 74th. 54% more than Poland
4.04%
Ranked 106th.

Income receipts > BoP > Current US$ per capita 51.68 BoP $
Ranked 78th.
65.84 BoP $
Ranked 73th. 27% more than Mexico

Bank liquid > Reserves to bank assets ratio 8.83
Ranked 96th. 3 times more than Poland
2.95
Ranked 132nd.

Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Corporate rate 28%
Ranked 49th. 47% more than Poland
19%
Ranked 87th.

Stock of narrow money None None
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Industry 35.8%
Ranked 50th. 11% more than Poland
32.2%
Ranked 65th.
Trade > Exports > Exports of goods and services > Constant 2000 US$ per capita $2,513.66
Ranked 49th.
$4,533.65
Ranked 38th. 80% more than Mexico

Debt > Net domestic credit > Current LCU 5.26 trillion
Ranked 27th. 5 times more than Poland
1.02 trillion
Ranked 66th.

Government spending 68.92 billion
Ranked 15th. 55% more than Poland
44.42 billion
Ranked 20th.

Foreign direct investment > Net inflows > BoP > Current US$ per capita 169.53 BoP $
Ranked 57th.
251.59 BoP $
Ranked 50th. 48% more than Mexico

GDP > Current LCU 8374348000000 980883700000
High-technology > Exports > Current US$ > Per capita $374,703.23 per 1,000 people
Ranked 31st. 2 times more than Poland
$186,282.83 per 1,000 people
Ranked 38th.

GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Agriculture 3.6%
Ranked 144th.
4%
Ranked 134th. 11% more than Mexico
Savings > Gross domestic savings > Current US$ per capita $2,076.93
Ranked 53th.
$2,665.28
Ranked 46th. 28% more than Mexico

Net barter terms of trade 98.36%
Ranked 54th.
106.75%
Ranked 8th. 9% more than Mexico

Tax > Tax payments > Number 6
Ranked 179th.
18
Ranked 121st. 3 times more than Mexico

Tax > Components of taxation > Personal income tax 28.9%
Ranked 12th. 26% more than Poland
22.9%
Ranked 18th.
Real interest rate 4.03%
Ranked 77th. 3% more than Poland
3.93%
Ranked 78th.

Royalty and license fees > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP 91.61 BoP $ per $1 million of
Ranked 65th.
201.17 BoP $ per $1 million of
Ranked 56th. 2 times more than Mexico

Gross domestic savings 183.01 billion
Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Poland
87.29 billion
Ranked 23th.

Inflation 119.26
Ranked 94th. 6% more than Poland
112.17
Ranked 124th.

Investment > External financial assets per capita €7,459.93
Ranked 36th.
€8,805.8
Ranked 35th. 18% more than Mexico

Poverty > Gap at $1 a day > PPP 1.42%
Ranked 8th. 3 times more than Poland
0.5%
Ranked 18th.

Outbound tourist spending 10.19 billion
Ranked 26th.
10.38 billion
Ranked 25th. 2% more than Mexico

Income > GNI per capita, PPP > Current international $ $16,450.00
Ranked 50th.
$21,170.00
Ranked 41st. 29% more than Mexico

Income > GNI, PPP > Current international $ per capita $16,446.97
Ranked 50th.
$21,170.05
Ranked 41st. 29% more than Mexico

Inequality > Gini coefficient > Level 0.474 Different summary measure
Ranked 1st. 27% more than Poland
0.372 Different summary measure
Ranked 5th.
Poverty > Poverty by individual and household characteristics > Poverty rate > Children 22.16%
Ranked 2nd. 3% more than Poland
21.5%
Ranked 3rd.
Tax > Total tax wedge > Single worker 15.6%
Ranked 29th.
42.9%
Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Mexico
GDP > By type of expenditure > Household consumption expenditure per capita 6,630.85
Ranked 75th.
7,707.22
Ranked 65th. 16% more than Mexico

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold $167.10 billion
Ranked 17th. 53% more than Poland
$108.90 billion
Ranked 23th.

Big Mac Index > Per $ GDP $0.06 per $14.1 billion of GDP
Ranked 56th.
$0.12 per $14.1 billion of GDP
Ranked 52nd. 2 times more than Mexico
Size of economy > GDP > GDP growth 3.92%
Ranked 75th. 2 times more than Poland
1.82%
Ranked 121st.

GDP > Constant 2000 US$ 636.27 billion constant 2000 US$
Ranked 13th. 3 times more than Poland
198.58 billion constant 2000 US$
Ranked 26th.

Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Individual > On income exceeding > US$ $29,591.00
Ranked 45th. 13% more than Poland
$26,116.00
Ranked 49th.

Debt service 26.47
Ranked 19th.
27.97
Ranked 17th. 6% more than Mexico
International tourism > Expenditures > Current US$ per capita 80.83$
Ranked 62nd.
122.78$
Ranked 53th. 52% more than Mexico

Purchasing power parity conversion factor > LCU per international $ 7.56 1.86
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number 2.89 million
Ranked 5th. 75% more than Poland
1.65 million
Ranked 1st.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Household consumption 68.1%
Ranked 81st. 11% more than Poland
61.2%
Ranked 105th.
Poverty and inequality > Income inequality 1993-2011 47.16 latest available
Ranked 2nd. 44% more than Poland
32.73 latest available
Ranked 18th.
Current transfers > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ 20.54 billion BoP $
Ranked 6th. 86% more than Poland
11.04 billion BoP $
Ranked 12th.

Innovation > Patent applications, residents per million 8.92
Ranked 60th.
100.66
Ranked 28th. 11 times more than Mexico

Tax > Taxes on income, profits and capital gains > Current LCU 276.55 billion
Ranked 9th. 4 times more than Poland
63.37 billion
Ranked 51st.

Debt > Government debt > Net government debt, share of GDP 38 IMF
Ranked 44th. 42% more than Poland
26.74 IMF
Ranked 63th.
Saving rate 21.71
Ranked 42nd. 17% more than Poland
18.58
Ranked 56th.

GDP > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ per capita 8,904.3 PPP 2000 $
Ranked 54th.
12,318.93 PPP 2000 $
Ranked 43th. 38% more than Mexico

International tourism > Number of departures 13.3 million
Ranked 12th.
40.84 million
Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Mexico

Consumption > Consumption by sector > Equals: Household final consumption expenditure 702.34 billion USD
Ranked 13th. 2 times more than Poland
318.48 billion USD
Ranked 12th.

Debt > Central government debt, total > Current LCU per capita 12,288.5
Ranked 28th. 40% more than Poland
8,751.63
Ranked 36th.

Net income > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita -118,748.733 BoP $ per 1,000 people
Ranked 82nd.
-293,092.313 BoP $ per 1,000 people
Ranked 108th. 2 times more than Mexico

GDP > CIA Factbook $941.20 billion
Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Poland
$427.10 billion
Ranked 24th.

Poverty and inequality > Poorest's share in national income or consumption 4.93%
Ranked 23th.
7.85%
Ranked 4th. 59% more than Mexico

Investment > External financial assets €867 billion
Ranked 19th. 3 times more than Poland
€338 billion
Ranked 29th.

Debt > Net foreign assets > Current LCU per capita 17,350.59
Ranked 80th. 4 times more than Poland
4,603.13
Ranked 110th.

Tax > GDP > Current LCU 15.51 trillion
Ranked 31st. 10 times more than Poland
1.6 trillion
Ranked 73th.

Taxes > Total tax revenue > Total tax revenue 20.5%
Ranked 30th.
33.51%
Ranked 19th. 63% more than Mexico
Tax > Average time to clear customs > Days 4.47 days
Ranked 12th. 44% more than Poland
3.1 days
Ranked 21st.
GDP > PPP per capita $9,275.00
Ranked 57th.
$13,083.29
Ranked 42nd. 41% more than Mexico
Economic aid > Recipient $189.40 million
Ranked 71st.
$1.52 billion
Ranked 2nd. 8 times more than Mexico
GNI 860.25 billion
Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Poland
416.14 billion
Ranked 21st.

Development > Human Development Index > Inequality adjusted 0.593
Ranked 55th.
0.74
Ranked 30th. 25% more than Mexico
GDP > PPP $1.01 trillion
Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Poland
$499.55 billion
Ranked 22nd.
Poverty > Share of all poor people 1.43%
Ranked 9th. 20 times more than Poland
0.07%
Ranked 47th.
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ 348.35 billion$
Ranked 7th. 2 times more than Poland
149.05 billion$
Ranked 13th.

Companies > Listed domestic companies, total per million 1.08
Ranked 107th.
21.9
Ranked 38th. 20 times more than Mexico

Tax > GDP > Current US$ per capita $9,748.87
Ranked 62nd.
$12,707.85
Ranked 53th. 30% more than Mexico

Trade > Exports to US $33.54 billion
Ranked 2nd. 111 times more than Poland
$301.90 million
Ranked 65th.
Industrial production growth rate 2.8%
Ranked 87th. 2 times more than Poland
1.3%
Ranked 112th.

Purchasing power parity > GDP per capita > PPP > Current international $ $14,335.15
Ranked 48th.
$19,058.67
Ranked 39th. 33% more than Mexico

World trade > Exports 243.58 billion
Ranked 16th. 46% more than Poland
167.21 billion
Ranked 24th.

Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture 13.7%
Ranked 108th. 6% more than Poland
12.9%
Ranked 112th.

Tourist arrivals by region of origin > Europe 443,366
Ranked 63th.
3.88 million
Ranked 24th. 9 times more than Mexico

Bank capital to assets ratio 12%
Ranked 17th. 52% more than Poland
7.9%
Ranked 19th.

Labor force > By occupation > Services 62.9%
Ranked 14th. 10% more than Poland
57%
Ranked 26th.

Companies > Stock market > Stocks traded, total value > Current US$ per capita $977.78
Ranked 42nd.
$1,744.71
Ranked 39th. 78% more than Mexico

Lending interest rate 9.69%
Ranked 87th. 42% more than Poland
6.83%
Ranked 112th.

Industrial > Production growth rate 6%
Ranked 54th.
6.5%
Ranked 49th. 8% more than Mexico

Tax > Taxes on income, profits and capital gains > Current LCU per capita 2,662.35
Ranked 33th. 62% more than Poland
1,644.46
Ranked 68th.

Poverty and inequality > Population below national poverty line > Total 51.3%
Ranked 6th. 5 times more than Poland
10.6%
Ranked 34th.

Tax > GDP per capita > Constant LCU 109,594.37
Ranked 61st. 3 times more than Poland
34,211.63
Ranked 91st.

Spending > Household final consumption expenditure per capita > Constant 2000 US$ $5,816.11
Ranked 38th.
$6,348.97
Ranked 34th. 9% more than Mexico

Income > GDP per capita, PPP > Current international $ $16,733.50
Ranked 59th.
$22,162.19
Ranked 49th. 32% more than Mexico

Debt > Interest rates > Central bank discount rate 4%
Ranked 73th. 60% more than Poland
2.5%
Ranked 80th.
Technological achievement 0.39
Ranked 29th.
0.41
Ranked 26th. 5% more than Mexico
Currency > Real effective exchange rate index > 2005 = 100 90.42
Ranked 87th.
100.48
Ranked 54th. 11% more than Mexico

Net domestic credit > Current LCU 2956610000000 319603800000
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ per capita 115.6$
Ranked 69th.
186.74$
Ranked 59th. 62% more than Mexico

Retail > Gross value added by wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels per capita 1,685.22
Ranked 76th.
2,274.68
Ranked 59th. 35% more than Mexico

GDP > By type of expenditure > Household consumption expenditure 801.32 billion
Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Poland
297.06 billion
Ranked 20th.

Household spending per capita 4,442.1
Ranked 28th. 15% more than Poland
3,875.47
Ranked 31st.

Commercial bank prime lending rate 4.73%
Ranked 157th.
8.73%
Ranked 104th. 85% more than Mexico

Companies > Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ $525.06 billion
Ranked 20th. 3 times more than Poland
$177.73 billion
Ranked 34th.

Current account balance > BoP > Current US$ -4,647,429,000 BoP $
Ranked 122nd.
-5,105,000,000 BoP $
Ranked 123th. 10% more than Mexico

Trade > Imports $306.00 billion
Ranked 15th. 83% more than Poland
$167.40 billion
Ranked 23th.

Currency > Official exchange rate > LCU per US$ > Period average 10.9 3.1
Oil > Exports 1.51 million bbl/day
Ranked 15th. 30 times more than Poland
50,400 bbl/day
Ranked 76th.

GDP > CIA Factbook per capita $8,710.27
Ranked 57th.
$11,179.29
Ranked 51st. 28% more than Mexico

GDP > Composition, by end use > Exports of goods and services 32.9%
Ranked 113th.
46%
Ranked 78th. 40% more than Mexico
Purchasing power parity > GNI per capita > PPP > Current international $ $14,100.00
Ranked 43th.
$18,440.00
Ranked 35th. 31% more than Mexico

Income > Health expenditure per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ $940.10
Ranked 63th.
$1,422.70
Ranked 44th. 51% more than Mexico

Consumption > Consumption by sector > Equals: Household final consumption expenditure per capita 5,884.19 USD
Ranked 44th.
8,263.01 USD
Ranked 28th. 40% more than Mexico

Tax > GDP > Current LCU per capita 128,307.79
Ranked 73th. 3 times more than Poland
41,389.48
Ranked 103th.

Spending > Household final consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita $6,634.96
Ranked 47th.
$7,772.45
Ranked 38th. 17% more than Mexico

Debt > Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong per million 0.0496
Ranked 173th.
0.234
Ranked 136th. 5 times more than Mexico

Oil > Production 2.98 million bbl/day
Ranked 7th. 106 times more than Poland
28,230 bbl/day
Ranked 71st.

Economy growth -6.54
Ranked 149th.
1.7
Ranked 66th.

Trade > Exports > Exports of goods and services 387.07 billion
Ranked 16th. 69% more than Poland
228.69 billion
Ranked 24th.

Purchasing power parity > Gross domestic product per capita > PPP 12,429.02
Ranked 49th.
16,705.03
Ranked 37th. 34% more than Mexico

Trade > Export value index 113.65%
Ranked 78th.
210.87%
Ranked 4th. 86% more than Mexico

Debt > Interest payments > Current LCU 113.16 billion
Ranked 10th. 3 times more than Poland
36.98 billion
Ranked 40th.

Innovation 16.8
Ranked 49th.
19.6
Ranked 34th. 17% more than Mexico
Electricity > Consumption per capita 1,558.97 kWh
Ranked 30th.
3,467.47 kWh
Ranked 49th. 2 times more than Mexico

Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ > Per $ GDP 311.19$ per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 61st. 1% more than Poland
309.58$ per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 62nd.

GDP > CIA Factbook > Per capita $9,316.88 per capita
Ranked 59th.
$11,181.80 per capita
Ranked 54th. 20% more than Mexico

Household spending 477.22 billion
Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Poland
147.85 billion
Ranked 20th.

Income > Household final consumption expenditure, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ per capita $8,287.20
Ranked 40th.
$9,627.92
Ranked 34th. 16% more than Mexico

GDP > Composition, by end use > Government consumption 11.6%
Ranked 149th.
17.8%
Ranked 68th. 53% more than Mexico
GDP > Per $ GDP $12,447.00 per $1 of GDP
Ranked 62nd.
$18,990.83 per $1 of GDP
Ranked 18th. 53% more than Mexico

Spending > Household final consumption expenditure, etc. > Current US$ $790.00 billion
Ranked 14th. 3 times more than Poland
$299.57 billion
Ranked 21st.

Bank and trade-related lending > PPG + PNG > NFL > Current US$ per capita 15.4$
Ranked 26th.
71.19$
Ranked 16th. 5 times more than Mexico

Entrepreneurship > Starting a Business > Index ranking 84
Ranked 71st.
92
Ranked 63th. 10% more than Mexico
Gross domestic savings > Current US$ 155.12 billion$
Ranked 13th. 3 times more than Poland
56.8 billion$
Ranked 24th.

GNI > Current US$ per capita 6,818.59$
Ranked 44th.
7,669.58$
Ranked 41st. 12% more than Mexico

GDP > Constant 2000 US$ per capita 5,746.02 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 43th. 10% more than Poland
5,203.09 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 47th.

Gross Domestic Product > GDP > Size of GDP > GDP per capita $14,003.84 US dollars, current price
Ranked 29th.
$15,988.54 US dollars, current price
Ranked 28th. 14% more than Mexico
Trade > Exports $303.00 billion
Ranked 14th. 88% more than Poland
$160.80 billion
Ranked 27th.

Purchasing power parity > GDP > PPP > Current international $ $1.54 trillion
Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Poland
$727.09 billion
Ranked 18th.

Public expenditure > Social expenditure > Public social expenditure 7%
Ranked 29th.
21%
Ranked 15th. 3 times more than Mexico
Gross national expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita 5,914.01 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 23th. 12% more than Poland
5,286.94 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 28th.

Entrepreneurship > Hiring and Firing > Index ranking 125
Ranked 30th. 95% more than Poland
64
Ranked 90th.
Income > GDP, PPP > Current international $ per capita $16,733.50
Ranked 59th.
$22,162.19
Ranked 49th. 32% more than Mexico

Total > Reserves in months of imports 3.4
Ranked 62nd.
4.02
Ranked 49th. 18% more than Mexico

Imports > Commodities metalworking machines, steel mill products, agricultural machinery, electrical equipment, car parts for assembly, repair parts for motor vehicles, aircraft, and aircraft parts machinery and transport equipment 38%, intermediate manufactured goods 21%, chemicals 15%, minerals, fuels, lubricants, and related materials 9%
Debt > Banks > Automated teller machines > ATMs > Per 100,000 adults 47.33
Ranked 62nd.
56.92
Ranked 45th. 20% more than Mexico

Inflation > Consumer price index > 2005 = 100 133.73
Ranked 101st. 8% more than Poland
124.38
Ranked 117th.

Gross domestic savings > Current US$ > Per $ GDP 201.87$ per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 57th. 8% more than Poland
187.3$ per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 65th.

GDP > Constant LCU 1756206000000 913234700000
Poverty and inequality > Inequality adjusted income index 0.463
Ranked 60th.
0.634
Ranked 30th. 37% more than Mexico
Trade > Export growth -14.84
Ranked 77th. 63% more than Poland
-9.12
Ranked 57th.

Welfare > Social contributions > Current LCU 84.93 billion
Ranked 13th.
175.47 billion
Ranked 21st. 2 times more than Mexico

Welfare > Revenue, excluding grants > Current LCU 810.62 billion
Ranked 11th. 74% more than Poland
466.38 billion
Ranked 43th.

Labor force per thousand people 0.00043
Ranked 145th.
0.000469
Ranked 124th. 9% more than Mexico

Business efficiency 41.48
Ranked 47th. 6% more than Poland
39.02
Ranked 48th.
Trade > Imports > Imports of goods and services 405.83 billion
Ranked 14th. 79% more than Poland
227.22 billion
Ranked 23th.

GDP > Median household income (PPP) $14,250.00
Ranked 48th.
$18,712.00
Ranked 39th. 31% more than Mexico
Debt > Government debt > Net government debt, share of GDP per million people 0.327 IMF
Ranked 75th.
0.697 IMF
Ranked 69th. 2 times more than Mexico
Household final > Consumption expenditure per capita > Constant 2000 US$ 4,409.65 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 26th. 36% more than Poland
3,236.45 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 33th.

Public institution index 4.28
Ranked 58th. 16% more than Poland
3.7
Ranked 78th.
GNI > Atlas method > Current US$ per capita 6,803.77$
Ranked 41st.
7,155.65$
Ranked 40th. 5% more than Mexico

Income > GDP, PPP > Current international $ $2.02 trillion
Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Poland
$854.19 billion
Ranked 20th.

Income > Household final consumption expenditure, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ $1.00 trillion
Ranked 11th. 3 times more than Poland
$371.09 billion
Ranked 19th.

Income > GNI, PPP > Current international $ $1.99 trillion
Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Poland
$815.95 billion
Ranked 19th.

Currency > Monetary unit 1 peso = 100 centavos 1 zloty = 100 groszy
Budget > Expenditures > Per $ GDP $0.25 per $1 of GDP
Ranked 84th. 17% more than Poland
$0.21 per $1 of GDP
Ranked 107th.

Taxes and other revenues 23% of GDP
Ranked 125th. 26% more than Poland
18.3% of GDP
Ranked 153th.

Patents granted 1 per million people
Ranked 55th.
30 per million people
Ranked 31st. 30 times more than Mexico
Balance of payments > Financial > Reserves -5,703,336,500.64
Ranked 124th.
-14,761,225,460.31
Ranked 135th. 3 times more than Mexico

Balance of payments > Current account > Goods > Services and income > Exports > Goods and services > Current U $245.21 billion
Ranked 17th. 45% more than Poland
$168.90 billion
Ranked 25th.

Balance of payments > Current account > Balances > Current account balance > Current US$ $-5,720,322,424.16
Ranked 123th.
$-7,207,000,000.00
Ranked 126th. 26% more than Mexico

Foreign direct investment > FDI > FDI flows and stocks > Inward FDI stocks $236,231.00 Million US dollars
Ranked 10th. 90% more than Poland
$124,363.00 Million US dollars
Ranked 15th.
Oil > Proved reserves 10.42 billion bbl
Ranked 17th. 108 times more than Poland
96.38 million bbl
Ranked 69th.
Companies > Ease of doing business index > 1=most business-friendly regulations 53
Ranked 136th. 18% more than Poland
45
Ranked 144th.

Natural gas > Production 59.07 billion cu m
Ranked 12th. 10 times more than Poland
6.08 billion cu m
Ranked 26th.

GDP deflator 476.84
Ranked 37th. 4 times more than Poland
107.41
Ranked 157th.

New businesses registered > Number 306,400
Ranked 5th. 12 times more than Poland
26,388
Ranked 20th.

Oil > Consumption 2.07 million bbl/day
Ranked 11th. 4 times more than Poland
564,500 bbl/day
Ranked 29th.

Poverty > Gap at $2 a day > PPP 4.15%
Ranked 9th. 8 times more than Poland
0.5%
Ranked 20th.

Tourism > International tourism, receipts > Current US$ $12.27 billion
Ranked 27th. 6% more than Poland
$11.60 billion
Ranked 28th.

Electricity > Consumption 181.5 billion kWh
Ranked 7th. 37% more than Poland
132.2 billion kWh
Ranked 17th.

Spending > Final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita $6,731.04
Ranked 40th.
$8,081.56
Ranked 36th. 20% more than Mexico

Currency > GDP > Constant 2000 US$ per capita $8,545.38
Ranked 56th.
$10,573.90
Ranked 51st. 24% more than Mexico

Tax > GDP > Current US$ $1.18 trillion
Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Poland
$489.80 billion
Ranked 24th.

Portfolio investment > Excluding LCFAR > BoP > Current US$ -10,188,800,000 BoP $
Ranked 90th.
-17,624,000,000 BoP $
Ranked 93th. 73% more than Mexico

Net trade in goods and services > BoP > Current US$ -12,889,830,000 BoP $
Ranked 129th. 15 times more than Poland
-854,000,000 BoP $
Ranked 87th.

Budget > Expenditures > Per capita $2,090.14 per capita
Ranked 58th.
$3,362.41 per capita
Ranked 18th. 61% more than Mexico

Economic growth > Evolution of GDP > Real GDP growth 3.2%
Ranked 15th.
6.65%
Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Mexico
GDP > Composition, by end use > Investment in inventories 0.3%
Ranked 101st.
1.6%
Ranked 36th. 5 times more than Mexico
Bank and trade-related lending > PPG + PNG > NFL > Current US$ 1.71 billion$
Ranked 16th.
2.72 billion$
Ranked 8th. 59% more than Mexico

Trade > Exports > By good > Chocolate cocoa preparations 84,098
Ranked 19th.
171,172
Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Mexico
Taxes > Taxes on the average worker > Taxes on the average worker 15.29%
Ranked 30th.
42.81%
Ranked 11th. 3 times more than Mexico
Steel > Production 14.2 million tonnes
Ranked 15th. 97% more than Poland
7.2 million tonnes
Ranked 20th.

Purchasing power parity > GNI > PPP > Current international $ $1.51 trillion
Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Poland
$703.53 billion
Ranked 18th.

Debt > External > Per $ GDP $196.26 per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 102nd.
$358.69 per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 70th. 83% more than Mexico

Trade > Exports > By good > Passenger cars etc 12.55 million
Ranked 8th. 6 times more than Poland
2.24 million
Ranked 17th.
Government > Revenue > Tax > Maximum tax rate for individuals 16%
Ranked 38th.
0.0
Ranked 27th.
GNI > PPP > Current international $ 1.09 trillion PPP $
Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Poland
510.27 billion PPP $
Ranked 22nd.

Trade > With US > US imports of bauxite and aluminum per 1000 1.22
Ranked 27th. 22 times more than Poland
0.0564
Ranked 66th.
High-technology > Exports > Current US$ $41.20 billion
Ranked 11th. 6 times more than Poland
$7.17 billion
Ranked 27th.

Stock of direct foreign investment > Abroad $133.00 billion
Ranked 26th. 89% more than Poland
$70.28 billion
Ranked 33th.

Oil > Exports per thousand people 12.98 bbl/day
Ranked 41st. 10 times more than Poland
1.32 bbl/day
Ranked 88th.

Overall productivity > PPP $20,028.70
Ranked 39th.
$26,443.30
Ranked 35th. 32% more than Mexico
Final > Consumption expenditure > Etc. > Current US$ 613.32 billion$
Ranked 7th. 2 times more than Poland
246.43 billion$
Ranked 16th.

GDP > Constant 2000 US$ > Per capita 6,172.02 constant 2000 US$ per c
Ranked 42nd. 19% more than Poland
5,203.09 constant 2000 US$ per c
Ranked 47th.

Deposit interest rate 3.46%
Ranked 92nd. 24% more than Poland
2.79%
Ranked 113th.

National accounts > US$ at constant 2000 prices > Aggregate indicators > GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$ $6,099.12
Ranked 45th.
$6,330.56
Ranked 42nd. 4% more than Mexico

Income > GDP per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ $13,066.99
Ranked 63th.
$18,303.64
Ranked 47th. 40% more than Mexico

Scientific and technical journals > Articles published 4,222.9
Ranked 26th.
7,136
Ranked 19th. 69% more than Mexico

Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita 119,294.86 BoP $ per 1,000 people
Ranked 49th.
172,354.84 BoP $ per 1,000 people
Ranked 40th. 44% more than Mexico

Net income > BoP > Current US$ -12,241,700,000 BoP $
Ranked 130th. 9% more than Poland
-11,186,000,000 BoP $
Ranked 128th.

Goods imports > BoP > Current US$ 221.82 billion BoP $
Ranked 14th. 2 times more than Poland
99.16 billion BoP $
Ranked 24th.

GDP per unit of energy use 5.54 PPP 2000 $/kg of oil eq.
Ranked 48th. 9% more than Poland
5.09 PPP 2000 $/kg of oil eq.
Ranked 55th.

Oil > Consumption per thousand people 17.58 bbl/day
Ranked 86th. 19% more than Poland
14.78 bbl/day
Ranked 100th.

Budget > Revenues > Per $ GDP $0.25 per $1 of GDP
Ranked 82nd. 32% more than Poland
$0.19 per $1 of GDP
Ranked 107th.

Economic aid > Recipient per capita $1.71
Ranked 122nd.
$39.91
Ranked 31st. 23 times more than Mexico
Natural gas > Production per capita 501.08 cu m
Ranked 18th. 3 times more than Poland
159.34 cu m
Ranked 23th.

International tourism > Expenditures for travel items > Current US$ $8.53 billion
Ranked 26th.
$9.60 billion
Ranked 25th. 13% more than Mexico

Researchers in RandD > Per million people 268.36 per million people
Ranked 42nd.
1,580.52 per million people
Ranked 16th. 6 times more than Mexico

Innovation > Research and development personnel > By sector > Business enterprise sector per thousand people 0.162
Ranked 45th.
0.361
Ranked 28th. 2 times more than Mexico

Tax > Taxes on international trade > Current LCU 32.87 billion
Ranked 18th. 17 times more than Poland
1.96 billion
Ranked 56th.

Currency > DEC alternative conversion factor > LCU per US$ 10.9 3.23
Labor force > By occupation > Industry 23.4%
Ranked 50th.
30.2%
Ranked 22nd. 29% more than Mexico

Stocks traded > Total value > Current US$ 80.1 billion$
Ranked 13th. 46% more than Poland
55.04 billion$
Ranked 16th.

GDP > Composition, by end use > Investment in fixed capital 22.6%
Ranked 82nd. 17% more than Poland
19.3%
Ranked 125th.
Trade > Exports > Goods and services 31%
Ranked 93th. 15% more than Poland
27%
Ranked 109th.
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ 12.3 billion BoP $
Ranked 6th. 87% more than Poland
6.58 billion BoP $
Ranked 10th.

Trade > Imports > Goods and services > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP 0.317 BoP $ per $1 of GDP
Ranked 99th.
0.374 BoP $ per $1 of GDP
Ranked 86th. 18% more than Mexico

Royalty and license fees > Payments > BoP > Current US$ 111 million BoP $
Ranked 45th.
1.04 billion BoP $
Ranked 25th. 9 times more than Mexico

Portfolio investment > Bonds > PPG + PNG > NFL > Current US$ -838,806,000$
Ranked 43th.
11.38 billion$
Ranked 1st.

Stock of direct foreign investment > At home per capita $3,317.40
Ranked 51st.
$6,395.50
Ranked 41st. 93% more than Mexico

Reserves > Total reserves minus gold > Current US$ $160.41 billion
Ranked 13th. 55% more than Poland
$103.40 billion
Ranked 18th.

Spending > Household final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita $5,816.11
Ranked 38th.
$6,348.97
Ranked 34th. 9% more than Mexico

Spending > Final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ $813.43 billion
Ranked 13th. 3 times more than Poland
$311.49 billion
Ranked 19th.

Savings > Gross domestic savings > Current US$ $250.99 billion
Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Poland
$102.73 billion
Ranked 31st.

World Bank exchange rate 13.51
Ranked 79th. 4 times more than Poland
3.12
Ranked 108th.

Financial sector > Exchange rates and prices > GDP deflator > Base year varies by country 141.65
Ranked 113th. 17% more than Poland
120.83
Ranked 141st.

Balance of payments > Current account > Balances > Net trade in goods > US$ $-4,601,900,000.00
Ranked 117th. 3% more than Poland
$-4,476,000,000.00
Ranked 116th.

Trade > Exports > Goods 234.38 billion
Ranked 15th. 62% more than Poland
144.43 billion
Ranked 18th.

Electricity > Production 239.1 billion kWh
Ranked 14th. 69% more than Poland
141.8 billion kWh
Ranked 21st.

Private investment > Telecommunications 3.64 billion
Ranked 5th. 61% more than Poland
2.27 billion
Ranked 9th.

Electricity > Imports per capita 6.01 kWh
Ranked 60th.
57.43 kWh
Ranked 46th. 10 times more than Mexico

Stock of money $103.50 billion
Ranked 14th.
$137.40 billion
Ranked 12th. 33% more than Mexico
Gender income ratio 0.38%
Ranked 54th.
0.61%
Ranked 17th. 61% more than Mexico
Gross national expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP 1.02$ per $1 of GDP
Ranked 90th. 1% more than Poland
1$ per $1 of GDP
Ranked 96th.

Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ per capita 1,339.48$
Ranked 37th.
1,444.75$
Ranked 36th. 8% more than Mexico

Household final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita 4,105.3 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 27th. 27% more than Poland
3,236.45 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 33th.

Patent applications > Residents 685
Ranked 28th.
2,488
Ranked 12th. 4 times more than Mexico

Foreign aid > From United States 102.53 million
Ranked 27th.
-820,000
Ranked 154th.

Foreign aid > From Switzerland 470,000
Ranked 80th. 2 times more than Poland
200,000
Ranked 96th.

GNI > Atlas method > Current US$ > Per capita 7,308.18$ per capita
Ranked 39th. 2% more than Poland
7,155.65$ per capita
Ranked 41st.

Income > GNI, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ $1.55 trillion
Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Poland
$673.94 billion
Ranked 19th.

Income > GNI per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ $12,840.23
Ranked 40th.
$17,485.52
Ranked 30th. 36% more than Mexico

Income > GDP, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ per capita $13,066.99
Ranked 63th.
$18,303.64
Ranked 46th. 40% more than Mexico

International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ 12.8 billion$
Ranked 14th. 80% more than Poland
7.13 billion$
Ranked 26th.

Terms of trade 31
Ranked 102nd.
285
Ranked 1st. 9 times more than Mexico
Oil > Production per thousand people 25.3 bbl/day
Ranked 30th. 34 times more than Poland
0.739 bbl/day
Ranked 86th.

Gross savings > Current US$ per capita 1,464.82$
Ranked 31st. 5% more than Poland
1,394.53$
Ranked 32nd.

Innovation > Patent applications, nonresidents per million 108.83
Ranked 21st. 17 times more than Poland
6.33
Ranked 69th.

Innovation > Patent applications, residents 1,065
Ranked 31st.
3,879
Ranked 14th. 4 times more than Mexico

Trade > Exports > Export growth in USD 138.06
Ranked 115th.
435.91
Ranked 11th. 3 times more than Mexico

Trade > Imports > By good > Silver platinum etc 16,997
Ranked 28th. 91% more than Poland
8,918
Ranked 31st.
IBRD loans and IDA credits > PPG DOD > Current US$ 9.57 billion$
Ranked 4th. 5 times more than Poland
1.91 billion$
Ranked 28th.

Innovation > Scientific and technical journal articles 4,127.7
Ranked 31st.
7,355.4
Ranked 20th. 78% more than Mexico

GDP > PPP > Current international $ per capita 10,008.69 PPP $
Ranked 54th.
13,846.83 PPP $
Ranked 43th. 38% more than Mexico

Welfare > Revenue, excluding grants > Current LCU per capita 7,803.91
Ranked 39th.
12,102.98
Ranked 55th. 55% more than Mexico

Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number per 1000 26.43
Ranked 17th.
43.27
Ranked 3rd. 64% more than Mexico
Tax > Customs and other import duties > Current LCU 32.86 billion
Ranked 10th. 19 times more than Poland
1.75 billion
Ranked 45th.

Tax > Social security contributions 10.48%
Ranked 40th.
34.81%
Ranked 17th. 3 times more than Mexico

Tax > Taxes on income > Profits and capital gains > Current LCU 276.55 billion
Ranked 6th. 4 times more than Poland
66.07 billion
Ranked 41st.

Tax > Components of taxation > Social security > Employees contribution 17.9%
Ranked 3rd.
29%
Ranked 1st. 62% more than Mexico
Oil > Imports 496,000 bbl/day
Ranked 25th.
531,300 bbl/day
Ranked 22nd. 7% more than Mexico

Imports > Partners US 49.9%, China 15.4%, Japan 4.8% Germany 27.3%, Russia 12.2%, Netherlands 5.9%, China 5.4%, Italy 5.2%, Czech Republic 4.3%, France 4.2%
Oil > Imports per thousand people 4.26 bbl/day
Ranked 108th.
13.93 bbl/day
Ranked 70th. 3 times more than Mexico

Electricity > Production per capita 2,053.72 kWh
Ranked 56th.
3,716.75 kWh
Ranked 43th. 81% more than Mexico

Market value of publicly traded shares $408.70 billion
Ranked 22nd. 2 times more than Poland
$168.10 billion
Ranked 12th.

Gross Domestic Product > GDP > Size of GDP > Gross domestic product per million $12.71 Billion US dollars, curre
Ranked 30th.
$15.97 Billion US dollars, curre
Ranked 28th. 26% more than Mexico
Trade > Imports > By good > Passenger cars etc 5.76 million
Ranked 11th. 72% more than Poland
3.35 million
Ranked 17th.
Trade balance with US $-10,841,400,000.00
Ranked 221st. 88 times more than Poland
$-123,400,000.00
Ranked 170th.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ 524.6 billion$
Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Poland
187.57 billion$
Ranked 16th.

Merchandise > Exports > Current US$ 213.71 billion$
Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Poland
89.29 billion$
Ranked 29th.

Household final > Consumption expenditure > Etc. > Constant 2000 US$ per capita 4,105.3 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 20th. 27% more than Poland
3,241.57 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 26th.

Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ 148.32 billion$
Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Poland
55.14 billion$
Ranked 19th.

Gross national expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ 654.87 billion constant 2000 US$
Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Poland
201.78 billion constant 2000 US$
Ranked 14th.

Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita 5,088.81$ per capita
Ranked 28th. 4% more than Poland
4,914.64$ per capita
Ranked 31st.

Trade > Exports > Goods and services > Constant 2000 US$ 215.52 billion constant 2000 US$
Ranked 10th. 3 times more than Poland
70.67 billion constant 2000 US$
Ranked 23th.

Services > Etc. > Value added > Constant 2000 US$ 403.53 billion constant 2000 US$
Ranked 7th. 4 times more than Poland
111.74 billion constant 2000 US$
Ranked 19th.

Research and development spending 0.4%
Ranked 47th.
0.7%
Ranked 36th. 75% more than Mexico
Tax > Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours 517
Ranked 18th. 31% more than Poland
395
Ranked 31st.

Financial sector > Monetary holdings > Liabilities > Money and quasi money > M2 > Current LCU 3.25 trillion
Ranked 28th. 5 times more than Poland
672.6 billion
Ranked 61st.

Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Net errors and omissions > Adjusted > BoP > Current US$ $-9,662,168,673.76
Ranked 133th.
$-21,127,396,340.04
Ranked 136th. 2 times more than Mexico

Balance of payments > Current account > Goods > Services and income > Exports of goods > Services > Income and wo $271.07 billion
Ranked 18th. 50% more than Poland
$180.88 billion
Ranked 27th.

Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP 16 BoP $ per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 78th.
21.69 BoP $ per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 66th. 36% more than Mexico

Royalty and license fees > Payments > BoP > Current US$ per capita 1 BoP $
Ranked 86th.
27.14 BoP $
Ranked 35th. 27 times more than Mexico

Net income > BoP > Current US$ per million -110,552,678.866 BoP $
Ranked 81st.
-293,092,350.947 BoP $
Ranked 105th. 3 times more than Mexico

Trade > Imports of goods > Services and income > BoP > Current US$ per capita 2,359.07 BoP $
Ranked 67th.
3,332.2 BoP $
Ranked 55th. 41% more than Mexico

Commercial service imports > Current US$ > Per capita 202.88$ per capita
Ranked 85th.
369.55$ per capita
Ranked 73th. 82% more than Mexico

Commercial service imports > Current US$ 20.92 billion$
Ranked 29th. 48% more than Poland
14.1 billion$
Ranked 33th.

Government > Revenue > Tax > Corporate tax 29%
Ranked 12th. 53% more than Poland
19%
Ranked 14th.

Natural gas > Consumption 62.42 billion cu m
Ranked 12th. 4 times more than Poland
17.2 billion cu m
Ranked 28th.

Natural gas > Proved reserves per capita 2,838.44 cu m
Ranked 57th.
4,276.73 cu m
Ranked 54th. 51% more than Mexico

Natural gas > Proved reserves 338.8 billion cu m
Ranked 35th. 2 times more than Poland
164.8 billion cu m
Ranked 46th.

External debt > Date of information 30 June 2006 est. 30 June 2006 est.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Per 1,000 people 28.33 per 1,000 people
Ranked 16th.
43.26 per 1,000 people
Ranked 3rd. 53% more than Mexico
Public and publicly guaranteed debt service > TDS > Current US$ 21.65 billion$
Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Poland
8.76 billion$
Ranked 8th.

Tourism > International tourism, expenditures > Current US$ $9.73 billion
Ranked 27th. 10% more than Poland
$8.88 billion
Ranked 31st.

Tourism > International tourism, receipts for travel items > Current US$ per capita $99.44
Ranked 92nd.
$277.23
Ranked 73th. 3 times more than Mexico

Tourism > International tourism, number of departures 14.8 million
Ranked 15th.
43.27 million
Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Mexico

Public expenditure > Health expenditure > Total expenditure on health 6.6%
Ranked 27th. 6% more than Poland
6.2%
Ranked 29th.
Gross Domestic Product > GDP > Size of GDP > Gross domestic product $1,479.89 Billion US dollars, curre
Ranked 7th. 2 times more than Poland
$609.42 Billion US dollars, curre
Ranked 14th.
Companies > Ease of doing business index > 1=most business-friendly regulations per million 0.422
Ranked 176th.
1.25
Ranked 157th. 3 times more than Mexico
Economic growth > Inflation > GDP deflator 4.73%
Ranked 4th. 43% more than Poland
3.3%
Ranked 8th.
International tourism > Receipts for travel items > Current US$ $13.29 billion
Ranked 18th. 13% more than Poland
$11.77 billion
Ranked 23th.

Tourism receipts > International > Per $ GDP $16.67 per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 114th.
$23.51 per $1,000 of GDP
Ranked 95th. 41% more than Mexico

Trade > Tariffs > Binding coverage > All products 100%
Ranked 1st. The same as Poland
99.98%
Ranked 5th.

GDP > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ > Per capita 9,564.44 PPP 2000 $ per capita
Ranked 52nd.
12,318.93 PPP 2000 $ per capita
Ranked 43th. 29% more than Mexico

GDP > PPP > Current international $ > Per capita 10,750.71 PPP $ per capita
Ranked 52nd.
13,846.83 PPP $ per capita
Ranked 43th. 29% more than Mexico

Foreign aid > From European Commission 21.7 million
Ranked 85th.
1.1 billion
Ranked 1st. 51 times more than Mexico

Financial sector > Interest rates > Interest rate spread > Lending rate minus deposit rate 5.66%
Ranked 62nd. 73% more than Poland
3.28%
Ranked 115th.

Patent applications > Nonresidents 14,976
Ranked 5th. 23 times more than Poland
655
Ranked 14th.

International tourism > Expenditures > Current US$ 8.95 billion$
Ranked 16th. 91% more than Poland
4.69 billion$
Ranked 23th.

Tax > Tax payments > Number per million 0.0496
Ranked 182nd.
0.467
Ranked 151st. 9 times more than Mexico

Trade > Exports > Per $ GDP $0.30 per $1 of GDP
Ranked 88th.
$0.35 per $1 of GDP
Ranked 71st. 16% more than Mexico

Purchasing power parity > PPP conversion factor > Private > Consumption > LCU per international $ $8.80
Ranked 72nd. 4 times more than Poland
$2.05
Ranked 99th.

Purchasing power parity > GDP > PPP > Constant 2005 international $ $1.34 trillion
Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Poland
$637.30 billion
Ranked 18th.

Trade > Exports > Export growth 110.52
Ranked 97th.
238.23
Ranked 17th. 2 times more than Mexico

Tourism expenditures > International $8.03 billion
Ranked 17th. 93% more than Poland
$4.16 billion
Ranked 24th.

Trade > Exports > By good > Perfume toilet cosmetics 386,692
Ranked 16th.
556,895
Ranked 11th. 44% more than Mexico

SOURCES: CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; Wikipedia: List of countries by public debt (List) (Public debt , The World Factbook , United States Central Intelligence Agency , accessed on March 21, 2013.); World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; CIA World Factbook 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Human Development Report 2006, United Nations Development Programme; World Tourism Organisation, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.; World Development Indicators database; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics. World Bank World Development Indicators.; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. 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World Bank World Development Indicators.; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.; IMD International; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank national accounts data; World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization National Health Account database (see http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx for the most recent updates).; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World economic forum - Global Competitiveness Report 2004-2005; WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization). 2001. Intellectual Property Statistics. Publication A. Geneva; International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO; World Steel Association: World Crude Steel Production; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO; Wikipedia: List of countries by tax rates (Countries); FTDWebMaster, Foreign Trade Division, U.S. Census Bureau. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. 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Washington, DC; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics, supplemented by World Bank staff estimates.; x; World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org).; Human Development Reports, United Nations 2002; World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), WIPO Patent Report: Statistics on Worldwide Patent Activity. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.; Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline.; calculated on the basis of data on terms of trade from World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), World Intellectual Property Indicators and www.wipo.int/econ_stat. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Handbook of Statistics and data files, and International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO; World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; aggregates calculated for the Human Development Report Office by the World Bank; Wikipedia: List of countries by external debt; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from World Trade Organisation.; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO

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