Labor Stats: compare key data on Spain & Turkey

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Agricultural workers > Male: Proportion of employed males engaged in the agricultural sector. Employment by economic activity (%) (most recent year available between 1995 and 2001). Note: As a result of a number of limitations in the data, comparisons of labour statistics over time and across countries should be made with caution. For detailed notes on the data see ILO (2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; and 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002). The percentage shares of employment by economic activity may not sum to 100 because of rounding or the omission of activities not classified.
Employment rate > Adults: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
Expense > Current LCU: Expense (current LCU). Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends.
GNI > Current US$: GNI (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Hours worked > Standard workweek: Standard workweek (hours).
Labor force: The total labor force figure
Labor force > By occupation: Component parts of the labor force by occupation.
Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture: This entry lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by occupation. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete.
Labor force > By occupation > Industry: This entry lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by occupation. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete.
Labor force > By occupation > Services: This entry lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by occupation. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete.
Labor force, total: Labor force, total. Total labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.
Rigidity of employment index: The rigidity of employment index measures the regulation of employment, specifically the hiring and firing of workers and the rigidity of working hours. This index is the average of three subindexes: a difficulty of hiring index, a rigidity of hours index, and a difficulty of firing index. The index ranges from 0 to 100, with higher values indicating more rigid regulations.
Salaries and benefits > Hourly minimum wage: Hourly minimum wage at international USD (this means that discrepancies in purchasing power have been compensated for).
Salaries and benefits > Minimum wage: Minimum wage.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Unemployment rate: The percent of the labor force that is without jobs. Substantial underemployment might be noted.
Salaries and benefits > Monthly minimum wage: Monthly minimum wage ( EUR ).
Strikes: Strikes five-year average in days not worked per 1000 employees (1996-2000)
Labor force per 1000: The total labor force figure. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
GNI > Current US$ per capita: GNI (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Labor force, total per 1000: Labor force, total. Total labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Both sexes: Percentage of unemployed people out of total population able to work. Workers not able to work due to labor disputes, sickness and childcare do not count towards the percentage.
Firing cost > Weeks of wages: Firing cost is the cost of advance notice requirements, severance payments, and penalties due when terminating a redundant worker, expressed in weekly wages. One month is recorded as 4 1/3 weeks.
GNI per capita > Constant LCU: GNI per capita (constant LCU). GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant local currency.
Expense > Current LCU per capita: Expense (current LCU). Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Employment rate > Women: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
Labor force > Total: Total labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organisation definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector."
Industrial workers > Male: Proportion of employed males engaged in the industrial sector. Employment by economic activity (%) (most recent year available between 1995 and 2001). Note: As a result of a number of limitations in the data, comparisons of labour statistics over time and across countries should be made with caution. For detailed notes on the data see ILO (2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; and 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002). The percentage shares of employment by economic activity may not sum to 100 because of rounding or the omission of activities not classified.
Employment rate > Men: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men: Employment-to-population ratio, men, percentage.
Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Men: Percentage of unemployed men out of total male population able to work. Men not able to work due to labor disputes, sickness and childcare do not count towards the percentage.
Compensation of employees > Current LCU: Compensation of employees consists of all payments in cash, as well as in kind (such as food and housing), to employees in return for services rendered, and government contributions to social insurance schemes such as social security and pensions that provide benefits to employees.
Unemployment > Long-term unemployment rate: Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed."
Force > Total: Total labor force comprises people who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.
Force > Total > Per capita: Total labor force comprises people who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Female decision makers: Female legislators, senior officials and managers (as % of total). Data refer to the latest year available during the period 1991-2000. Those for countries that have implemented the recent International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-88) are not strictly comparable with those for countries using the previous classification (ISCO-68).
Agricultural workers > Female: Proportion of employed females engaged in the agricultural sector. Employment by economic activity (%) (most recent year available between 1995 and 2001). Note: As a result of a number of limitations in the data, comparisons of labour statistics over time and across countries should be made with caution. For detailed notes on the data see ILO (2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; and 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002). The percentage shares of employment by economic activity may not sum to 100 because of rounding or the omission of activities not classified.
Employment > Percent of population are employees > Women: Number of female self-reported employees (formal or informal), expressed as a percentage of the total female employed population.
Employment > Employment share by sector > Industry > Men > Aged above 14: Percent employed in industry.
Unemployment > Youth unemployment, both sexes: Percentage of population aged 15-24 that is unemployed.
Unemployment > Regional unemployment > National unemployment rate: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks preceding the survey. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.
The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of unemployed and employed persons.
When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market.
The Gini index offers an accurate picture of regional disparities. It looks not only at the regions with the highest and the lowest rates of unemployment but also at the differences among all regions. The index ranges between 0 and 1: the higher its value, the larger the regional disparities. Regional disparities tend to be underestimated when the size of regions is large.
The youth unemployment rate is defined as the ratio between the unemployed person aged between 15 and 24 and the labour force in the same age group.
GNI > Current LCU: GNI (current LCU). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current local currency.
Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Women: Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week.
Self-employed persons include employers, own-account workers, members of producers’ co-operatives, and unpaid family workers. The last of these are unpaid in the sense that they do not have a formal contract to receive a fixed amount of income at regular intervals, but they share in the income generated by the enterprise; unpaid family workers are particularly important in farming and retail trade. Note that all persons who work in corporate enterprises, including company directors, are considered to be employees.
The rates shown here are the percentages of the self-employed in total civilian employment i.e., total employment less military employees.
Female economic activity: Female economic activity rate (aged 15 and above) in 2000.
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women: Employment-to-population ratio, women, percentage.
Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Women: Percentage of unemployed women out of total female population able to work. Women not able to work due to labor disputes, sickness and childcare do not count towards the percentage.
Self employed > One-person and family businesses > Women: Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, women, percentage.
Labor force > Per capita: The total labor force figure Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 30-34: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Days off work: Number of days not worked for every 1000 salaried employees. Selected OECD countries only. Data for 2000.
Industrial workers > Female: Proportion of employed females engaged in the industrial sector. Employment by economic activity (%) (most recent year available between 1995 and 2001). Note: As a result of a number of limitations in the data, comparisons of labour statistics over time and across countries should be made with caution. For detailed notes on the data see ILO (2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; and 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002). The percentage shares of employment by economic activity may not sum to 100 because of rounding or the omission of activities not classified.
Employment rate > Young adults: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
Female professionals: Female professional and technical workers (as % of total)
Net income from abroad > Current US$: Net income from abroad (current US$). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Unemployment gender ratio: Female unemployment rate as a % of the male unemployment rate.
Part time employment rate > Men > Aged above 14: Percent of males over the age of 14 years who work less than 30 hours a week (either as employees or self-employed) as a percentage of all males in employment.
Employment > Employment rates by gender > Employment rates > Men: Employment rates are calculated as the ratio of the employed to the working age population. To calculate this employment rate, the population of working age is divided into two groups: those who are employed and those who are not. Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week. Those not in employment consist of persons who are out of work but seeking employment, students and all others who have excluded themselves from the labour force for one reason or another, such as incapacity or the need to look after young children or elderly relatives.
Working age is generally defined as persons in the 15 to 64 age bracket although in some countries working age is defined as 16 to 64.
Rigidity of employment index > 0=less rigid to 100=more rigid: The rigidity of employment index measures the regulation of employment, specifically the hiring and firing of workers and the rigidity of working hours. This index is the average of three subindexes: a difficulty of hiring index, a rigidity of hours index, and a difficulty of firing index. The index ranges from 0 to 100, with higher values indicating more rigid regulations."
Employment > Percent of population are employees > Men: Number of male self-reported employees (formal or informal), expressed as a percentage of the total male employed population.
Employment > Employment share by sector > Agriculture > Men > Aged above 14: Percent employed in agriculture.
Service workers > Male: Proportion of employed males engaged in the service sector. Employment by economic activity (%) (most recent year available between 1995 and 2001). Note: As a result of a number of limitations in the data, comparisons of labour statistics over time and across countries should be made with caution. For detailed notes on the data see ILO (2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; and 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002). The percentage shares of employment by economic activity may not sum to 100 because of rounding or the omission of activities not classified.
Female economic activity growth: The % change in the female economic activity rate (aged 15 and above) from 1990 to 2000.
Self employed > One-person and family businesses > Men: Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, men, percentage.
Employment rate > Young men: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
Employment rate > Young women: Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
Unemployment > Unemployment rates > Unemployment rates > Total: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.
The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of the unemployed plus those in employment, which are defined as persons who have worked for one hour or more in the last week.
When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 65 plus: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Total: Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week.
Self-employed persons include employers, own-account workers, members of producers’ co-operatives, and unpaid family workers. The last of these are unpaid in the sense that they do not have a formal contract to receive a fixed amount of income at regular intervals, but they share in the income generated by the enterprise; unpaid family workers are particularly important in farming and retail trade. Note that all persons who work in corporate enterprises, including company directors, are considered to be employees.
The rates shown here are the percentages of the self-employed in total civilian employment i.e., total employment less military employees.
GDP per person employed > Constant 1990 PPP $: GDP per person employed is gross domestic product (GDP) divided by total employment in the economy. Purchasing power parity (PPP) GDP is GDP converted to 1990 constant international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
GNI > Constant LCU per capita: GNI (constant LCU). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GNI > Constant LCU: GNI (constant LCU). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant local currency.
GNI per capita > Constant 2000 US$: GNI per capita (constant 2000 US$). GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
Service workers > Female: Proportion of employed females engaged in the service sector. Employment by economic activity (%) (most recent year available between 1995 and 2001). Note: As a result of a number of limitations in the data, comparisons of labour statistics over time and across countries should be made with caution. For detailed notes on the data see ILO (2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; and 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002). The percentage shares of employment by economic activity may not sum to 100 because of rounding or the omission of activities not classified.
Employment > Employment share by sector > Agriculture > Women > Aged above 14: Percent employed in agriculture.
Employment > Percent of population are employers > Women: Number of female self-reported employers (self-employed with paid employees), expressed as a percentage of the total female employed population.
Part time employment rate > Women > Aged above 14: Percent of females over the age of 14 years who work less than 30 hours a week (either as employees or self-employed) as a percentage of all females in employment.
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women aged 15 to 24: Employment-to-population ratio.
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women aged above 14: Employment-to-population ratio.
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men aged above 14: Employment-to-population ratio.
Unemployment > Youth unemployment, male: Percentage of male population aged 15-24 that is unemployed.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 45-49: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Unemployment > Regional unemployment > National unemployment rate per million: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks preceding the survey. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.
The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of unemployed and employed persons.
When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market.
The Gini index offers an accurate picture of regional disparities. It looks not only at the regions with the highest and the lowest rates of unemployment but also at the differences among all regions. The index ranges between 0 and 1: the higher its value, the larger the regional disparities. Regional disparities tend to be underestimated when the size of regions is large.
The youth unemployment rate is defined as the ratio between the unemployed person aged between 15 and 24 and the labour force in the same age group. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Unemployment > Long-term unemployment > Long-term unemployment: Long-term unemployment is conventionally defined either as those unemployed for 6 months or more or, as here, those unemployed for 12 months or more. The ratios calculated here show the proportion of these long-term unemployed among all unemployed.
Unemployment is defined in most OECD countries in accordance with the ILO Guidelines. Unemployment is usually measured by household labour force surveys and the unemployed are defined as those persons who report that they have worked in gainful employment for less than one hour in the previous week, who are available for work and who have taken actions to seek employment in the previous four weeks. The ILO Guidelines specify the kinds of actions that count as seeking work.
Employment > Percent of population are employers > Men: Number of male self-reported employers (self-employed with paid employees), expressed as a percentage of the total male employed population.
Employment > Employment share by sector > Industry > Women > Aged above 14: Percent employed in industry.
Employment > Employment share by sector > Services > Men > Aged above 14: Percent employed in services.
Technicians in RandD > Per million people: Technicians in R&D and equivalent staff are people whose main tasks require technical knowledge and experience in engineering, physical and life sciences (technicians), or social sciences and humanities (equivalent staff). They participate in R&D by performing scientific and technical tasks involving the application of concepts and operational methods, normally under the supervision of researchers.
Economic activity > Men aged 35-39: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Men aged 20-24: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 15-19: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Women aged 40-44: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Men aged 15-19: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Minimum Age Convention > 1973 > Ratifications > Minimum age: years
Force > Female > % of total labor force: Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises all people who meet the International Labour Organization's definition of the economically active population.
Unemployment with tertiary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Unemployment > Unemployment with tertiary education > Male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO)."
Economic activity > Women aged 20-24: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Women aged 65 plus: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 60-64: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Employment in industry > % of total employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Industry corresponds to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3) and includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water)."
Personal remittances, received > % of GDP: Personal remittances, received (% of GDP). Personal remittances comprise personal transfers and compensation of employees. Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Compensation of employees refers to the income of border, seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy where they are not resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities. Data are the sum of two items defined in the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual: personal transfers and compensation of employees.
Unemployment > Long-term unemployment > Long-term unemployment per million: Long-term unemployment is conventionally defined either as those unemployed for 6 months or more or, as here, those unemployed for 12 months or more. The ratios calculated here show the proportion of these long-term unemployed among all unemployed.
Unemployment is defined in most OECD countries in accordance with the ILO Guidelines. Unemployment is usually measured by household labour force surveys and the unemployed are defined as those persons who report that they have worked in gainful employment for less than one hour in the previous week, who are available for work and who have taken actions to seek employment in the previous four weeks. The ILO Guidelines specify the kinds of actions that count as seeking work. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Unemployment > Regional unemployment > Gini index of regional unemployment rates > Small regions: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks preceding the survey. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.
The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of unemployed and employed persons.
When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market.
The Gini index offers an accurate picture of regional disparities. It looks not only at the regions with the highest and the lowest rates of unemployment but also at the differences among all regions. The index ranges between 0 and 1: the higher its value, the larger the regional disparities. Regional disparities tend to be underestimated when the size of regions is large.
The youth unemployment rate is defined as the ratio between the unemployed person aged between 15 and 24 and the labour force in the same age group.
Employers, male > % of employment: Employers, male (% of employment). Employers refers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).
Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$: Workers' remittances are current transfers by migrants who are employed or intend to remain employed for more than a year in another economy in which they are considered residents. Some developing countries classify workers' remittances as a factor income receipt (and thus as a component of GNI). The World Bank adheres to international guidelines in defining GNI, and its classification of workers' remittances may therefore differ from national practices. This item shows receipts by the reporting country. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Unemployment > Unemployment > Total > % of total labor force: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Labor force > Female > % of total labor force: Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organisation's definition of the economically active population.
Share of women employed in the nonagricultural sector > % of total nonagricultural employment: Share of women employed in the nonagricultural sector is the share of female workers in the nonagricultural sector (industry and services), expressed as a percentage of total employment in the nonagricultural sector. Industry includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, electricity, gas, and water, corresponding to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3). Services include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services-corresponding to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3)."
One-person businesses > Men > Aged above 14: Percentage of employed men older than 14 years who are self-employed without employees.
One-person and family businesses > Men: Percentage of employed men who are self-employed without employees or contribute to a family-run business.
Unemployment > Unemployed youths per unemployed adult > Women > Aged 15 to 24: Ratio of youth unemployment rate to adult unemployment rate.
Unemployment > Unemployed youths per unemployed adult > Men > Aged 15 to 24: Ratio of youth unemployment rate to adult unemployment rate.
Employment > Employment share by sector > Services > Women > Aged above 14: Percent employed in services.
Unemployment > Youth unemployment, female: Percentage of female population aged 15-24 that is unemployed.
Employment > Underemployment > Working less than 20 hours per week > Women > Aged above 14: Percentage of females above the age of 14 in employment, who work less than 20 hours/week.
Employment > Underemployment > Working less than 20 hours per week > Men > Aged above 14: Percentage of males above the age of 14 in employment, who work less than 20 hours/week.
GNI > Current US$, % of GDP: GNI (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
Expense > % of GDP: Expense (% of GDP). Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends.
Economic activity > Men aged 40-44: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ > Per $ GDP: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. WorkersÂ’ remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers who are residents of the host country to recipients in their country of origin. They include only transfers made by workers who have been living in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. MigrantsÂ’ transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
Unemployment > Unemployment rates > Unemployment rates > Total per million: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.
The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of the unemployed plus those in employment, which are defined as persons who have worked for one hour or more in the last week.
When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Economic activity > Men aged 45-49: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Men aged 50-54: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male > %: Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male (%). Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
Employment to population ratio, 15+, female > %: Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%). Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
Employment > Working more than 40 hours per week > Men > Aged above 14: Percentage of males above the age of 14 in employment, who work more than 40 hours per week.
Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ per capita: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. WorkersÂ’ remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers who are residents of the host country to recipients in their country of origin. They include only transfers made by workers who have been living in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. MigrantsÂ’ transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Employees, agriculture, male > % of male employment: Employees, agriculture, male (% of male employment). Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing.
Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total > %: Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%). Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.
Employment to population ratio, 15+, total > %: Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%). Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
Vulnerable employment, female > % of female employment: Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment). Vulnerable employment is unpaid family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
Vulnerable employment, male > % of male employment: Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment). Vulnerable employment is unpaid family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
Wage and salaried workers, female > % of females employed: Wage and salaried workers, female (% of females employed). Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.
Wage and salary workers, male > % of males employed: Wage and salary workers, male (% of males employed). Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.
Contributing family workers, female > % of females employed: Contributing family workers, female (% of females employed). Contributing family workers are those workers who hold u2018self-employment jobsu2019 as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.
Contributing family workers, male > % of males employed: Contributing family workers, male (% of males employed). Contributing family workers are those workers who hold "self-employment jobs" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.
Contributing family workers, total > % of total employed: Contributing family workers, total (% of total employed). Contributing family workers are those workers who hold "self-employment jobs" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.
Employees, services, female > % of female employment: Employees, services, female (% of female employment). Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services.
Employees, services, male > % of male employment: Employees, services, male (% of male employment). Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services.
Part time employment, female > % of total part time employment: Part time employment, female (% of total part time employment). Part time employment refers to regular employment in which working time is substantially less than normal. Definitions of part time employment differ by country.
Unemployment, male > % of male labor force: Unemployment, male (% of male labor force). Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Unemployment, total > % of total labor force: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force). Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Force with primary education > % of total: Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with secondary education > Male > % of male labor force: Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
Labor force with primary education > Female > % of female labor force: Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
Labor force with primary education > % of total: Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
Labor force with secondary education > % of total: Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
Labor force with primary education > Male > % of male labor force: Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
Labor force with secondary education > Female > % of female labor force: Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
Labor force with tertiary education > % of total: Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force."
Temporary employment share: Temporary employment, expressed as a percentage share of total dependent employment. Data for 2000
Net income from abroad > Constant LCU: Net income from abroad (constant LCU). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in constant local currency.
Part time employment, male > % of total male employment: Part time employment, male (% of total male employment). Part time employment refers to regular employment in which working time is substantially less than normal. Definitions of part time employment differ by country.
Part time employment, total > % of total employment: Part time employment, total (% of total employment). Part time employment refers to regular employment in which working time is substantially less than normal. Definitions of part time employment differ by country.
Unemployment, female > % of female labor force: Unemployment, female (% of female labor force). Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Economic activity > Men aged 65 plus: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Unemployment > Youth male > % of male labor force ages 15-24: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 35-39: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Women aged 60-64: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Women aged 35-39: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Unemployment > Youth total > % of total labor force ages 15-24: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Employees, industry, female > % of female employment: Employees, industry, female (% of female employment). Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Industry corresponds to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3) and includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water).
Employees, industry, male > % of male employment: Employees, industry, male (% of male employment). Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Industry corresponds to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3) and includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water).
Unemployment, youth male > % of male labor force ages 15-24: Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-24). Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Unemployment, youth total > % of total labor force ages 15-24: Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24). Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Unemployment > Total > % of total labor force: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Force > Total per 1000: Total labor force comprises people who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Employees > Services > Female > % of female employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services."
Employees > Agriculture > Male > % of male employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing."
Employees > Agriculture > Female > % of female employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing."
Employment in agriculture > % of total employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing."
Employment in services > % of total employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories G-P (ISIC revision 3) and include wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services."
Labor participation rate > Total > % of total population ages 15+: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Unemployment > Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO)."
Unemployment > Unemployment with primary education > Male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO)."
Unemployment > Unemployment with secondary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO)."
Unemployment > Long-term unemployment rate > Female: Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed."
Unemployment > Unemployment with primary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO)."
Unemployment > Unemployment with tertiary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO)."
Unemployment > Unemployment > Youth female > % of female labor force ages 15-24: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Unemployment > Unemployment > Youth total > % of total labor force ages 15-24: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Unemployment > Unemployment > Youth male > % of male labor force ages 15-24: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Workers' remittances are current transfers by migrants who are employed or intend to remain employed for more than a year in another economy in which they are considered residents. Some developing countries classify workers' remittances as a factor income receipt (and thus as a component of GNI). The World Bank adheres to international guidelines in defining GNI, and its classification of workers' remittances may therefore differ from national practices. This item shows receipts by the reporting country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Skills > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint: Skills are the share of senior managers who ranked skills of available workers as a major or severe constraint.
Net income from abroad > Current US$, % of GDP: Net income from abroad (current US$). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
Net income from abroad > Constant LCU per million: Net income from abroad (constant LCU). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in constant local currency. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men aged 15 to 24: Employment-to-population ratio.
GNI growth > Annual %: GNI growth (annual %). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.
GNI per capita > Current LCU: GNI per capita (current LCU). GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current local currency.
Unemployment, youth female > % of female labor force ages 15-24: Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15-24). Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Long-term unemployment, male > % of male unemployment: Long-term unemployment, male (% of male unemployment). Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed.
Unemployment > Male > % of male labor force: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Force with secondary education > % of total: Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Long-term unemployment > Male > % of male unemployment: Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed.
Economic activity > Men aged 25-29: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Compensation of employees > % of expense: Compensation of employees consists of all payments in cash, as well as in kind (such as food and housing), to employees in return for services rendered, and government contributions to social insurance schemes such as social security and pensions that provide benefits to employees.
Unemployment > Regional unemployment > Range in regional unemployment rate > Small regions > Maximum: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks preceding the survey. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.
The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of unemployed and employed persons.
When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market.
The Gini index offers an accurate picture of regional disparities. It looks not only at the regions with the highest and the lowest rates of unemployment but also at the differences among all regions. The index ranges between 0 and 1: the higher its value, the larger the regional disparities. Regional disparities tend to be underestimated when the size of regions is large.
The youth unemployment rate is defined as the ratio between the unemployed person aged between 15 and 24 and the labour force in the same age group.
Unemployment > Regional unemployment > Range in regional unemployment rate > Small regions > Minimum: Unemployed persons are defined as those who report that they are without work, that they are available for work and that they have taken active steps to find work in the last four weeks preceding the survey. The ILO Guidelines specify what actions count as active steps to find work and these include answering vacancy notices, visiting factories, construction sites and other places of work, and placing advertisements in the press as well as registering with labour offices.
The unemployment rate is defined as the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the labour force, where the latter consists of unemployed and employed persons.
When unemployment is high, some persons become discouraged and stop looking for work. They are then excluded from the labour force so that the unemployment rate may fall, or stop rising, even though there has been no underlying improvement in the labour market.
The Gini index offers an accurate picture of regional disparities. It looks not only at the regions with the highest and the lowest rates of unemployment but also at the differences among all regions. The index ranges between 0 and 1: the higher its value, the larger the regional disparities. Regional disparities tend to be underestimated when the size of regions is large.
The youth unemployment rate is defined as the ratio between the unemployed person aged between 15 and 24 and the labour force in the same age group.
Employment > Employment rates by gender > Employment rates > Men per million: Employment rates are calculated as the ratio of the employed to the working age population. To calculate this employment rate, the population of working age is divided into two groups: those who are employed and those who are not. Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week. Those not in employment consist of persons who are out of work but seeking employment, students and all others who have excluded themselves from the labour force for one reason or another, such as incapacity or the need to look after young children or elderly relatives.
Working age is generally defined as persons in the 15 to 64 age bracket although in some countries working age is defined as 16 to 64. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Employment > Part-time employment > Incidence of part-time employment per million: Part-time employment refers to persons who usually work less than 30 hours per week in their main job. Both employees and the self-employed may be part-time workers.
Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week. The rates shown here refer to the numbers of persons who usually work less than 30 hours per week as a percentage of the total number of those in employment. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Employees > Industry > Female > % of female employment: Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Industry corresponds to divisions 2-5 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories C-F (ISIC revision 3) and includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water)."
Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Total per million: Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week.
Self-employed persons include employers, own-account workers, members of producers’ co-operatives, and unpaid family workers. The last of these are unpaid in the sense that they do not have a formal contract to receive a fixed amount of income at regular intervals, but they share in the income generated by the enterprise; unpaid family workers are particularly important in farming and retail trade. Note that all persons who work in corporate enterprises, including company directors, are considered to be employees.
The rates shown here are the percentages of the self-employed in total civilian employment i.e., total employment less military employees. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Women per million: Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week.
Self-employed persons include employers, own-account workers, members of producers’ co-operatives, and unpaid family workers. The last of these are unpaid in the sense that they do not have a formal contract to receive a fixed amount of income at regular intervals, but they share in the income generated by the enterprise; unpaid family workers are particularly important in farming and retail trade. Note that all persons who work in corporate enterprises, including company directors, are considered to be employees.
The rates shown here are the percentages of the self-employed in total civilian employment i.e., total employment less military employees. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 20-24: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 25-29: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Unemployment with tertiary education > Male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Economic activity > Women aged 30-34: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Net income from abroad > Current US$ per million: Net income from abroad (current US$). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Net income from abroad > Current LCU: Net income from abroad (current LCU). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current local currency.
Temporary employment share per million: Temporary employment, expressed as a percentage share of total dependent employment. Data for 2000. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Long-term unemployment, female > % of female unemployment: Long-term unemployment, female (% of female unemployment). Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed.
Unemployment > Female > % of female labor force: Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Long-term unemployment > Female > % of female unemployment: Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed.
Long-term unemployment > % of total unemployment: Long-term unemployment refers to the number of people with continuous periods of unemployment extending for a year or longer, expressed as a percentage of the total unemployed.
Unemployment with secondary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Force participation rate > Female > % of female population ages 15-64: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Unemployment > Youth female > % of female labor force ages 15-24: Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 40-44: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Women aged 50-54: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Women aged 55-59: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Unemployment with secondary education > Male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ > Per capita: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. WorkersÂ’ remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers who are residents of the host country to recipients in their country of origin. They include only transfers made by workers who have been living in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. MigrantsÂ’ transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Net income from abroad > Current LCU per million: Net income from abroad (current LCU). Net income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Long term unemployment > Share: Percentage share of unemployment that lasts longer than 12 months. Data for 2001.
One-person and family businesses > Women: Percentage of employed women who are self-employed without employees or contribute to a family-run business.
Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. WorkersÂ’ remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers who are residents of the host country to recipients in their country of origin. They include only transfers made by workers who have been living in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. MigrantsÂ’ transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration.
Regulations > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint: Labor regulations are the share of senior managers who ranked labor regulations as a major or severe constraint.
Economic activity > Men aged 30-34: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Employment > Part-time employment > Incidence of part-time employment: Part-time employment refers to persons who usually work less than 30 hours per week in their main job. Both employees and the self-employed may be part-time workers.
Employment is generally measured through household labour force surveys and, according to the ILO Guidelines, employed persons are defined as those aged 15 or over who report that they have worked in gainful employment for at least one hour in the previous week. The rates shown here refer to the numbers of persons who usually work less than 30 hours per week as a percentage of the total number of those in employment.
Employment > Working more than 40 hours per week > Women > Aged above 14: Percentage of females above the age of 14 in employment, who work more than 40 hours per week.
Part time > Part time employment rate > Women: Percentage of country's females over the age of 15 that are employed only part-time.
Part time > Part time employment rate > Men: Percentage of country's males over the age of 15 that are employed only part-time.
GNI > Current LCU per capita: GNI (current LCU). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Subsidies and other transfers > % of expense: Subsidies and other transfers (% of expense). Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organizations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 50-54: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Men aged 55-59: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Men aged 60-64: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Women aged 25-29: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita: Workers' remittances are current transfers by migrants who are employed or intend to remain employed for more than a year in another economy in which they are considered residents. Some developing countries classify workers' remittances as a factor income receipt (and thus as a component of GNI). The World Bank adheres to international guidelines in defining GNI, and its classification of workers' remittances may therefore differ from national practices. This item shows receipts by the reporting country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Workers' remittances are current transfers by migrants who are employed or intend to remain employed for more than a year in another economy in which they are considered residents. Some developing countries classify workers' remittances as a factor income receipt (and thus as a component of GNI). The World Bank adheres to international guidelines in defining GNI, and its classification of workers' remittances may therefore differ from national practices. This item shows receipts by the reporting country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 million $ gross domestic product.
Employees, agriculture, female > % of female employment: Employees, agriculture, female (% of female employment). Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates, or pay in kind. Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2) or tabulation categories A and B (ISIC revision 3) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing.
One-person and family businesses > Men > Percentage: Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, men, percentage.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 55-59: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Economic activity > Women aged 45-49: Economically active population ("usually active" or "currently active" (currently active is also known as "the labour force")) comprises all persons of either sex above a specified age who furnish the supply of labour for the production of economic goods
Force with tertiary education > % of total: Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Force participation rate > Total > % of total population ages 15-64: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Employers, female > % of employment: Employers, female (% of employment). Employers refers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).
Employers, total > % of employment: Employers, total (% of employment). Employers refers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).
Self-employed, female > % of females employed: Self-employed, female (% of females employed). Self employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" (i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced). Self employed workers include three subcategories: employers, own-account workers, and members of producers' cooperatives.
Self-employed, male > % of males employed: Self-employed, male (% of males employed). Self employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" (i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced). Self employed workers include three subcategories: employers, own-account workers, and members of producers' cooperatives.
Self-employed, total > % of total employed: Self-employed, total (% of total employed). Self employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a "self-employment jobs" (i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced). Self employed workers include three subcategories: employers, own-account workers, and members of producers' cooperatives.
Employment to population ratio, 15+, male > %: Employment to population ratio, 15+, male (%). Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.
Vulnerable employment, total > % of total employment: Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment). Vulnerable employment is unpaid family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.
Force participation rate > Male > % of male population ages 15-64: Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Wage and salaried workers, total > % of total employed: Wage and salaried workers, total (% of total employed). Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as "paid employment jobs," where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.

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STAT	Spain	Turkey
Agricultural workers > Male	8% Ranked 49th.	34% Ranked 15th. 4 times more than Spain
Employment rate > Adults	48.6 Ranked 134th. 15% more than Turkey	42.3 Ranked 158th.
Expense > Current LCU	306.6 billion Ranked 51st. 1% more than Turkey	303.47 billion Ranked 52nd.
GNI > Current US$	$1.31 trillion Ranked 14th. 67% more than Turkey	$782.28 billion Ranked 18th.
Hours worked > Standard workweek	40 hours Ranked 127th.	45 hours Ranked 64th. 13% more than Spain
Labor force	22.96 million Ranked 25th.	24.73 million Ranked 23th. 8% more than Spain
Labor force > By occupation	agriculture 5.3%, manufacturing, mining, and construction 30.1%, services 64.6%	agriculture 35.9%, industry 22.8%, services 41.2% (3rd quarter, 2004)
Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture	4.2% Ranked 12th.	29.5% Ranked 14th. 7 times more than Spain
Labor force > By occupation > Industry	24% Ranked 8th.	24.7% Ranked 14th. 3% more than Spain
Labor force > By occupation > Services	71.7% Ranked 5th. 57% more than Turkey	45.8% Ranked 36th.
Labor force, total	23.28 million Ranked 28th.	27.05 million Ranked 22nd. 16% more than Spain
Rigidity of employment index	63 Ranked 13th. 29% more than Turkey	49 Ranked 49th.
Salaries and benefits > Hourly minimum wage	$4.34 Ranked 11th. 70% more than Turkey	$2.55 Ranked 15th.
Salaries and benefits > Minimum wage	url= http://www.empleo.gob.es/es/informacion/smi/contenidos/imporcualact.htm \|title=Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social: Salario m\u00ednimo interprofesional. Importe \|publisher=Empleo.gob.es \|date= \|accessdate=2014-03-04}}</ref>	1071 Turkish lira per month.
Unemployment rate	20% Ranked 3rd. 61% more than Turkey	12.4% Ranked 18th.
Salaries and benefits > Monthly minimum wage	752.85 EUR Ranked 11th. 70% more than Turkey	442.65 EUR Ranked 15th.
Strikes	189 Ranked 4th. 7 times more than Turkey	28 Ranked 14th.
Labor force per 1000	498.36 Ranked 35th. 45% more than Turkey	342.82 Ranked 98th.
GNI > Current US$ per capita	$28,291.22 Ranked 24th. 3 times more than Turkey	$10,571.72 Ranked 53th.
Labor force, total per 1000	503.7 Ranked 52nd. 38% more than Turkey	365.56 Ranked 154th.
Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Both sexes	47% Ranked 62nd. 4% more than Turkey	45% Ranked 64th.
Firing cost > Weeks of wages	56.3 weeks of wages Ranked 55th.	94.7 weeks of wages Ranked 19th. 68% more than Spain
GNI per capita > Constant LCU	19,958.37 Ranked 73th. 13 times more than Turkey	1,578.41 Ranked 101st.
Expense > Current LCU per capita	6,639.97 Ranked 77th. 60% more than Turkey	4,153.72 Ranked 89th.
Employment rate > Women	38.9 Ranked 123th. 79% more than Turkey	21.7 Ranked 158th.
Labor force > Total	22.77 million Ranked 25th.	25.76 million Ranked 21st. 13% more than Spain
Industrial workers > Male	41% Ranked 8th. 64% more than Turkey	25% Ranked 60th.
Employment rate > Men	59 Ranked 142nd.	63 Ranked 119th. 7% more than Spain
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men	53.1% Ranked 64th.	65.1% Ranked 34th. 23% more than Spain
Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Men	53.1% Ranked 64th.	65.1% Ranked 34th. 23% more than Spain
Compensation of employees > Current LCU	20966000000	1.246778e+016
Unemployment > Long-term unemployment rate	23.8 Ranked 25th.	26.9 Ranked 21st. 13% more than Spain
Force > Total	20.85 million Ranked 28th.	26.64 million Ranked 21st. 28% more than Spain
Force > Total > Per capita	0.481 per capita Ranked 54th. 30% more than Turkey	0.37 per capita Ranked 160th.
Female decision makers	32% Ranked 24th. 4 times more than Turkey	9% Ranked 61st.
Agricultural workers > Female	5% Ranked 43th.	72% Ranked 3rd. 14 times more than Spain
Employment > Percent of population are employees > Women	85.4% Ranked 31st. 95% more than Turkey	43.8% Ranked 61st.
Employment > Employment share by sector > Industry > Men > Aged above 14	41.2% Ranked 6th. 47% more than Turkey	28.1% Ranked 50th.
Unemployment > Youth unemployment, both sexes	46.4% Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Turkey	18.4% Ranked 35th.
Unemployment > Regional unemployment > National unemployment rate	8.54% Ranked 7th.	9.87% Ranked 4th. 16% more than Spain
GNI > Current LCU	1.02 trillion Ranked 86th.	1.4 trillion Ranked 78th. 38% more than Spain
Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Women	13.48% Ranked 9th.	51.5% Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Spain
Female economic activity	37.5% Ranked 129th.	49.9% Ranked 85th. 33% more than Spain
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women	41.2% Ranked 55th. 61% more than Turkey	25.6% Ranked 73th.
Labor force participation > Employment to population ratio > Women	41.2% Ranked 55th. 61% more than Turkey	25.6% Ranked 73th.
Self employed > One-person and family businesses > Women	9% Ranked 27th.	47.1% Ranked 4th. 5 times more than Spain
Labor force > Per capita	548.6 per 1,000 people Ranked 18th. 64% more than Turkey	335.44 per 1,000 people Ranked 53th.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 30-34	80.45% Ranked 103th. 4% more than Turkey	77.16% Ranked 120th.
Days off work	316 days Ranked 2nd. 9 times more than Turkey	36 days Ranked 13th.
Industrial workers > Female	14% Ranked 36th. 40% more than Turkey	10% Ranked 61st.
Employment rate > Young adults	36.8 Ranked 103th. 20% more than Turkey	30.7 Ranked 123th.
Female professionals	45% Ranked 49th. 25% more than Turkey	36% Ranked 63th.
Net income from abroad > Current US$	$-15,402,417,073.80 Ranked 149th. 2 times more than Turkey	$-6,698,000,000.00 Ranked 136th.
Unemployment gender ratio	212% Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Turkey	99% Ranked 19th.
Part time employment rate > Men > Aged above 14	4.2% Ranked 22nd. 31% more than Turkey	3.2% Ranked 23th.
Employment > Employment rates by gender > Employment rates > Men	77.38% Ranked 15th. 14% more than Turkey	67.92% Ranked 28th.
Rigidity of employment index > 0=less rigid to 100=more rigid	49 Ranked 25th. 40% more than Turkey	35 Ranked 61st.
Employment > Percent of population are employees > Men	79.2% Ranked 30th. 37% more than Turkey	57.8% Ranked 56th.
Employment > Employment share by sector > Agriculture > Men > Aged above 14	6.4% Ranked 44th.	21.7% Ranked 18th. 3 times more than Spain
Service workers > Male	51% Ranked 39th. 24% more than Turkey	41% Ranked 65th.
Female economic activity growth	11% Ranked 39th.	14% Ranked 28th. 27% more than Spain
Self employed > One-person and family businesses > Men	13.2% Ranked 27th.	27.4% Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Spain
Employment rate > Young men	41.3 Ranked 104th. 1% more than Turkey	41 Ranked 107th.
Employment rate > Young women	32.1 Ranked 84th. 61% more than Turkey	20 Ranked 138th.
Unemployment > Unemployment rates > Unemployment rates > Total	8.3% Ranked 6th.	9.8% Ranked 2nd. 18% more than Spain
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 65 plus	2.04% Ranked 159th.	32.48% Ranked 64th. 16 times more than Spain
Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Total	17.7% Ranked 8th.	41.88% Ranked 1st. 2 times more than Spain
GDP per person employed > Constant 1990 PPP $	$39,463.00 Ranked 25th. 51% more than Turkey	$26,187.00 Ranked 45th.
GNI > Constant LCU per capita	19,958.37 Ranked 73th. 13 times more than Turkey	1,578.41 Ranked 101st.
GNI > Constant LCU	922.44 billion Ranked 50th. 8 times more than Turkey	116.8 billion Ranked 82nd.
GNI per capita > Constant 2000 US$	$24,820.14 Ranked 23th. 3 times more than Turkey	$8,423.73 Ranked 33th.
Service workers > Female	81% Ranked 31st. 5 times more than Turkey	18% Ranked 77th.
Employment > Employment share by sector > Agriculture > Women > Aged above 14	3.6% Ranked 37th.	51.6% Ranked 5th. 14 times more than Spain
Employment > Percent of population are employers > Women	3.1% Ranked 18th. 3 times more than Turkey	0.9% Ranked 54th.
Part time employment rate > Women > Aged above 14	22.2% Ranked 17th. 66% more than Turkey	13.4% Ranked 23th.
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women aged 15 to 24	29.5% Ranked 104th. 20% more than Turkey	24.5% Ranked 129th.
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, women aged above 14	39.7% Ranked 128th. 59% more than Turkey	25% Ranked 163th.
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men aged above 14	63.2% Ranked 132nd.	68.5% Ranked 109th. 8% more than Spain
Unemployment > Youth unemployment, male	48.2% Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Turkey	17.1% Ranked 39th.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 45-49	67.49% Ranked 142nd.	68.25% Ranked 137th. 1% more than Spain
Unemployment > Regional unemployment > National unemployment rate per million	0.186% Ranked 21st. 34% more than Turkey	0.139% Ranked 23th.
Unemployment > Long-term unemployment > Long-term unemployment	27.62% Ranked 17th.	30.43% Ranked 15th. 10% more than Spain
Employment > Percent of population are employers > Men	6.5% Ranked 30th.	6.6% Ranked 28th. 2% more than Spain
Employment > Employment share by sector > Industry > Women > Aged above 14	12.4% Ranked 39th.	15.1% Ranked 31st. 22% more than Spain
Employment > Employment share by sector > Services > Men > Aged above 14	52.3% Ranked 37th. 4% more than Turkey	50.2% Ranked 43th.
Technicians in RandD > Per million people	860.81 per million people Ranked 11th. 24 times more than Turkey	36.53 per million people Ranked 38th.
Economic activity > Men aged 35-39	96.09% Ranked 145th.	98.03% Ranked 43th. 2% more than Spain
Economic activity > Men aged 20-24	73.44% Ranked 160th.	87.76% Ranked 39th. 19% more than Spain
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 15-19	26.25% Ranked 126th.	52.68% Ranked 42nd. Twice as much as Spain
Economic activity > Women aged 40-44	49.61% Ranked 129th.	57.04% Ranked 109th. 15% more than Spain
Economic activity > Men aged 15-19	30.22% Ranked 125th.	60.83% Ranked 34th. 2 times more than Spain
Minimum Age Convention > 1973 > Ratifications > Minimum age	16 Ranked 23th. 7% more than Turkey	15 Ranked 90th.
Force > Female > % of total labor force	41.04% Ranked 101st. 55% more than Turkey	26.44% Ranked 171st.
Unemployment with tertiary education > Female > % of female unemployment	25% Ranked 19th. 8% more than Turkey	23.2% Ranked 11th.
Unemployment > Unemployment with tertiary education > Male > % of male unemployment	18.4% Ranked 26th. 2 times more than Turkey	8.6% Ranked 50th.
Economic activity > Women aged 20-24	66.8% Ranked 73th. 11% more than Turkey	60.06% Ranked 99th.
Economic activity > Women aged 65 plus	1.33% Ranked 154th.	23.66% Ranked 49th. 18 times more than Spain
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 60-64	27.57% Ranked 136th.	47.07% Ranked 84th. 71% more than Spain
Employment in industry > % of total employment	27.8% Ranked 11th. 8% more than Turkey	25.7% Ranked 15th.
Personal remittances, received > % of GDP	0.728% Ranked 92nd. 6 times more than Turkey	0.129% Ranked 123th.
Unemployment > Long-term unemployment > Long-term unemployment per million	0.602% Ranked 23th. 41% more than Turkey	0.427% Ranked 24th.
Unemployment > Regional unemployment > Gini index of regional unemployment rates > Small regions	0.2 Year 2006 Ranked 11th.	0.204 Year 2006 Ranked 10th. 2% more than Spain
Employers, male > % of employment	6.8% Ranked 11th. 5% more than Turkey	6.5% Ranked 16th.
Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$	5.34 billion BoP $ Ranked 4th. 6 times more than Turkey	851 million BoP $ Ranked 35th.
Unemployment > Unemployment > Total > % of total labor force	11.3% Ranked 7th. 20% more than Turkey	9.4% Ranked 11th.
Labor force > Female > % of total labor force	42.98% Ranked 98th. 64% more than Turkey	26.21% Ranked 162nd.
Share of women employed in the nonagricultural sector > % of total nonagricultural employment	43.7% Ranked 51st. 2 times more than Turkey	21.3% Ranked 77th.
One-person businesses > Men > Aged above 14	12.5% Ranked 36th.	28.5% Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Spain
One-person and family businesses > Men	13.2% Ranked 27th.	27.4% Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Spain
Unemployment > Unemployed youths per unemployed adult > Women > Aged 15 to 24	2.2 ratio Ranked 46th.	2.6 ratio Ranked 31st. 18% more than Spain
Unemployment > Unemployed youths per unemployed adult > Men > Aged 15 to 24	2.9 Ranked 33th. 26% more than Turkey	2.3 Ranked 51st.
Employment > Employment share by sector > Services > Women > Aged above 14	84% Ranked 27th. 3 times more than Turkey	33.3% Ranked 68th.
Unemployment > Youth unemployment, female	44.4% Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Turkey	20.7% Ranked 34th.
Employment > Underemployment > Working less than 20 hours per week > Women > Aged above 14	8.1% Ranked 17th. 16% more than Turkey	7% Ranked 20th.
Employment > Underemployment > Working less than 20 hours per week > Men > Aged above 14	1.5% Ranked 24th. The same as Turkey	1.5% Ranked 23th.
GNI > Current US$, % of GDP	96.9% Ranked 103th.	99.12% Ranked 59th. 2% more than Spain
Expense > % of GDP	29.3% Ranked 47th. 25% more than Turkey	23.38% Ranked 63th.
Economic activity > Men aged 40-44	94.98% Ranked 144th.	95.09% Ranked 141st. About the same as Spain
Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ > Per $ GDP	7.05$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 98th. 3 times more than Turkey	2.35$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 130th.
Unemployment > Unemployment rates > Unemployment rates > Total per million	0.181% Ranked 20th. 31% more than Turkey	0.138% Ranked 22nd.
Economic activity > Men aged 45-49	93.82% Ranked 134th. 7% more than Turkey	87.73% Ranked 167th.
Economic activity > Men aged 50-54	86.93% Ranked 143th. 13% more than Turkey	77.15% Ranked 164th.
Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male > %	18.3% Ranked 169th.	44.2% Ranked 92nd. 2 times more than Spain
Employment to population ratio, 15+, female > %	39.2% Ranked 132nd. 49% more than Turkey	26.3% Ranked 155th.
Employment > Working more than 40 hours per week > Men > Aged above 14	83.3% Ranked 12th.	91.6% Ranked 3rd. 10% more than Spain
Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ per capita	182.66$ Ranked 31st. 15 times more than Turkey	12.56$ Ranked 118th.
Employees, agriculture, male > % of male employment	5.9% Ranked 39th.	17.8% Ranked 21st. 3 times more than Spain
Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total > %	18.1% Ranked 161st.	32.8% Ranked 109th. 81% more than Spain
Employment to population ratio, 15+, total > %	44.4% Ranked 151st.	44.9% Ranked 150th. 1% more than Spain
Vulnerable employment, female > % of female employment	9.5% Ranked 39th.	44.4% Ranked 9th. 5 times more than Spain
Vulnerable employment, male > % of male employment	14.5% Ranked 38th.	26.9% Ranked 20th. 86% more than Spain
Wage and salaried workers, female > % of females employed	87% Ranked 30th. 60% more than Turkey	54.3% Ranked 56th.
Wage and salary workers, male > % of males employed	78.6% Ranked 29th. 18% more than Turkey	66.5% Ranked 49th.
Contributing family workers, female > % of females employed	0.9% Ranked 40th.	33.6% Ranked 1st. 37 times more than Spain
Contributing family workers, male > % of males employed	0.6% Ranked 37th.	4.6% Ranked 12th. 8 times more than Spain
Contributing family workers, total > % of total employed	0.7% Ranked 41st.	13.2% Ranked 4th. 19 times more than Spain
Employees, services, female > % of female employment	88.5% Ranked 16th. 85% more than Turkey	47.9% Ranked 57th.
Employees, services, male > % of male employment	63.6% Ranked 18th. 23% more than Turkey	51.5% Ranked 39th.
Part time employment, female > % of total part time employment	76.2% Ranked 7th. 27% more than Turkey	60% Ranked 40th.
Unemployment, male > % of male labor force	24.7% Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Turkey	8.5% Ranked 34th.
Unemployment, total > % of total labor force	25% Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Turkey	9.2% Ranked 33th.
Force with primary education > % of total	52% Ranked 5th.	60.1% Ranked 2nd. 16% more than Spain
Labor force with secondary education > Male > % of male labor force	23% Ranked 46th. The same as Turkey	23% Ranked 45th.
Labor force with primary education > Female > % of female labor force	38% Ranked 14th.	45.5% Ranked 12th. 20% more than Spain
Labor force with primary education > % of total	43.8% Ranked 14th.	56% Ranked 10th. 28% more than Spain
Labor force with secondary education > % of total	24% Ranked 46th. 10% more than Turkey	21.9% Ranked 49th.
Labor force with primary education > Male > % of male labor force	48.1% Ranked 15th.	59.7% Ranked 11th. 24% more than Spain
Labor force with secondary education > Female > % of female labor force	25.2% Ranked 45th. 35% more than Turkey	18.7% Ranked 49th.
Labor force with tertiary education > % of total	31.8% Ranked 17th. 2 times more than Turkey	13.1% Ranked 54th.
Temporary employment share	32.1% Ranked 1st. 57% more than Turkey	20.4% Ranked 4th.
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention > Ratifications > Date	April 20, 1977	January 23, 1952
Net income from abroad > Constant LCU	-10,864,037,845.14 Ranked 58th. 9 times more than Turkey	-1,185,916,746.749 Ranked 33th.
Part time employment, male > % of total male employment	5.7% Ranked 44th.	6.7% Ranked 36th. 18% more than Spain
Part time employment, total > % of total employment	13.1% Ranked 32nd. 11% more than Turkey	11.8% Ranked 35th.
Unemployment, female > % of female labor force	25.4% Ranked 6th. 2 times more than Turkey	10.8% Ranked 31st.
Economic activity > Men aged 65 plus	3.04% Ranked 156th.	42.86% Ranked 69th. 14 times more than Spain
Unemployment > Youth male > % of male labor force ages 15-24	16.7% Ranked 25th.	19.3% Ranked 17th. 16% more than Spain
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 35-39	77.58% Ranked 118th. 1% more than Turkey	77.12% Ranked 120th.
Economic activity > Women aged 60-64	14.53% Ranked 122nd.	37.35% Ranked 61st. 3 times more than Spain
Economic activity > Women aged 35-39	58.77% Ranked 114th. 5% more than Turkey	55.82% Ranked 124th.
Unemployment > Youth total > % of total labor force ages 15-24	19.7% Ranked 18th. 2% more than Turkey	19.3% Ranked 21st.
Employees, industry, female > % of female employment	9% Ranked 41st.	14.9% Ranked 25th. 66% more than Spain
Employees, industry, male > % of male employment	30.5% Ranked 31st.	30.7% Ranked 30th. 1% more than Spain
Unemployment, youth male > % of male labor force ages 15-24	54.4% Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than Turkey	16.3% Ranked 41st.
Unemployment, youth total > % of total labor force ages 15-24	53.2% Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Turkey	17.5% Ranked 44th.
Unemployment > Total > % of total labor force	11% Ranked 16th. 7% more than Turkey	10.3% Ranked 4th.
Force > Total per 1000	480.53 Ranked 53th. 22% more than Turkey	393.24 Ranked 141st.
Employees > Services > Female > % of female employment	86% Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Turkey	39.3% Ranked 29th.
Employees > Agriculture > Male > % of male employment	5.6% Ranked 12th.	19% Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Spain
Employees > Agriculture > Female > % of female employment	2.7% Ranked 13th.	46% Ranked 1st. 17 times more than Spain
Employment in agriculture > % of total employment	4.3% Ranked 14th.	26.2% Ranked 3rd. 6 times more than Spain
Employment in services > % of total employment	67.9% Ranked 15th. 41% more than Turkey	48.1% Ranked 26th.
Labor participation rate > Total > % of total population ages 15+	58.6% Ranked 132nd. 22% more than Turkey	47.9% Ranked 171st.
Unemployment > Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment	20.4% Ranked 27th. 61% more than Turkey	12.7% Ranked 45th.
Unemployment > Unemployment with primary education > Male > % of male unemployment	58.4% Ranked 12th.	59.5% Ranked 11th. 2% more than Spain
Unemployment > Unemployment with secondary education > Female > % of female unemployment	25% Ranked 59th.	39.1% Ranked 41st. 56% more than Spain
Unemployment > Long-term unemployment rate > Female	28.9 Ranked 20th.	34.4 Ranked 17th. 19% more than Spain
Unemployment > Unemployment with primary education > Female > % of female unemployment	52% Ranked 11th. 59% more than Turkey	32.8% Ranked 31st.
Unemployment > Unemployment with tertiary education > Female > % of female unemployment	22% Ranked 28th.	23.6% Ranked 25th. 7% more than Spain
Unemployment > Unemployment > Youth female > % of female labor force ages 15-24	25.8% Ranked 3rd. 43% more than Turkey	18% Ranked 16th.
Unemployment > Unemployment > Youth total > % of total labor force ages 15-24	24.6% Ranked 1st. 36% more than Turkey	18.1% Ranked 10th.
Unemployment > Unemployment > Youth male > % of male labor force ages 15-24	23.7% Ranked 1st. 31% more than Turkey	18.1% Ranked 9th.
Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ per capita	123.02 BoP $ Ranked 24th. 10 times more than Turkey	12.56 BoP $ Ranked 63th.
Skills > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint	13.76% Ranked 12th. 42% more than Turkey	9.71% Ranked 22nd.
Net income from abroad > Current US$, % of GDP	-1.141% Ranked 64th. 35% more than Turkey	-0.849% Ranked 53th.
Net income from abroad > Constant LCU per million	-235,060,950.55 Ranked 43th. 15 times more than Turkey	-16,026,523.985 Ranked 25th.
Labor force participation rate > Employment-population ratio, men aged 15 to 24	42.9% Ranked 116th.	53.3% Ranked 69th. 24% more than Spain
GNI growth > Annual %	-0.785% Ranked 95th.	2.41% Ranked 68th.
GNI per capita > Current LCU	22,004.91 Ranked 123th. 16% more than Turkey	18,977.57 Ranked 128th.
Unemployment, youth female > % of female labor force ages 15-24	51.8% Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Turkey	19.9% Ranked 36th.
Long-term unemployment, male > % of male unemployment	10.8% Ranked 7th. 6 times more than Turkey	1.8% Ranked 35th.
Unemployment > Male > % of male labor force	8.2% Ranked 31st.	10.3% Ranked 4th. 26% more than Spain
Force with secondary education > % of total	19.6% Ranked 35th. 3 times more than Turkey	6.1% Ranked 11th.
Long-term unemployment > Male > % of male unemployment	34.3% Ranked 13th.	36.5% Ranked 3rd. 6% more than Spain
Economic activity > Men aged 25-29	91.66% Ranked 154th.	97.31% Ranked 18th. 6% more than Spain
Compensation of employees > % of expense	9.33% Ranked 67th.	15.58% Ranked 57th. 67% more than Spain
Unemployment > Regional unemployment > Range in regional unemployment rate > Small regions > Maximum	21.02% Ranked 5th. 30% more than Turkey	16.11% Ranked 9th.
Unemployment > Regional unemployment > Range in regional unemployment rate > Small regions > Minimum	3.64% Ranked 11th.	5.04% Ranked 4th. 39% more than Spain
Employment > Employment rates by gender > Employment rates > Men per million	1.69% Ranked 20th. 77% more than Turkey	0.953% Ranked 26th.
Employment > Part-time employment > Incidence of part-time employment per million	0.168% Ranked 25th. 28% more than Turkey	0.131% Ranked 28th.
Employees > Industry > Female > % of female employment	11.3% Ranked 16th.	14.7% Ranked 12th. 30% more than Spain
Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Total per million	0.386% Ranked 23th.	0.588% Ranked 21st. 52% more than Spain
Employment > Self-employment > Self-employment rates > Women per million	0.294% Ranked 23th.	0.723% Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Spain
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment	22.7% Ranked 19th. Twice as much as Turkey	11.4% Ranked 3rd.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 20-24	70.21% Ranked 105th.	74.34% Ranked 71st. 6% more than Spain
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 25-29	82.76% Ranked 79th. 7% more than Turkey	77.26% Ranked 113th.
Unemployment with tertiary education > Male > % of male unemployment	19.5% Ranked 20th. 2 times more than Turkey	9.2% Ranked 22nd.
Economic activity > Women aged 30-34	64.88% Ranked 97th. 16% more than Turkey	55.8% Ranked 122nd.
Net income from abroad > Current US$ per million	$-333,256,092.23 Ranked 126th. 4 times more than Turkey	$-90,517,026.55 Ranked 90th.
Net income from abroad > Current LCU	-11,980,000,000 Ranked 96th.	-12,023,755,342.868 Ranked 97th. About the same as Spain
Temporary employment share per million	0.797% Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Turkey	0.323% Ranked 19th.
Long-term unemployment, female > % of female unemployment	11.6% Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Turkey	3.4% Ranked 23th.
Unemployment > Female > % of female labor force	15% Ranked 13th. 46% more than Turkey	10.3% Ranked 5th.
Long-term unemployment > Female > % of female unemployment	43.9% Ranked 9th.	46.9% Ranked 3rd. 7% more than Spain
Long-term unemployment > % of total unemployment	39.8% Ranked 11th. 2% more than Turkey	39.2% Ranked 3rd.
Unemployment with secondary education > Female > % of female unemployment	22.1% Ranked 52nd.	39.7% Ranked 28th. 80% more than Spain
Force participation rate > Female > % of female population ages 15-64	57.22% Ranked 93th. 2 times more than Turkey	27.2% Ranked 177th.
Unemployment > Youth female > % of female labor force ages 15-24	23.5% Ranked 15th. 22% more than Turkey	19.3% Ranked 22nd.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 40-44	72.26% Ranked 135th.	76.5% Ranked 116th. 6% more than Spain
Economic activity > Women aged 50-54	34.37% Ranked 139th.	47.59% Ranked 106th. 38% more than Spain
Economic activity > Women aged 55-59	22.72% Ranked 140th.	45.65% Ranked 73th. Twice as much as Spain
Unemployment with secondary education > Male > % of male unemployment	18.3% Ranked 52nd.	25.7% Ranked 29th. 40% more than Spain
Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$ > Per capita	182.66$ per capita Ranked 32nd. 15 times more than Turkey	11.81$ per capita Ranked 120th.
Net income from abroad > Current LCU per million	-259,206,588.538 Ranked 61st. 60% more than Turkey	-162,489,486.658 Ranked 52nd.
Long term unemployment > Share	44% Ranked 9th. 90% more than Turkey	23.1% Ranked 19th.
One-person and family businesses > Women	9% Ranked 27th.	47.1% Ranked 4th. 5 times more than Spain
Workers' remittances and compensation of employees > Received > US$	7.93 billion$ Ranked 6th. 9 times more than Turkey	851 million$ Ranked 61st.
Regulations > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint	11.77% Ranked 11th.	12.05% Ranked 10th. 2% more than Spain
Economic activity > Men aged 30-34	95.5% Ranked 154th.	98.09% Ranked 27th. 3% more than Spain
Minimum Age Convention > 1973 > Ratifications > Date	May 16, 1977	October 30, 1998
Employment > Part-time employment > Incidence of part-time employment	7.7% Ranked 25th.	9.35% Ranked 24th. 21% more than Spain
Employment > Working more than 40 hours per week > Women > Aged above 14	53.7% Ranked 12th.	72.8% Ranked 6th. 36% more than Spain
Part time > Part time employment rate > Women	22.2% Ranked 17th. 66% more than Turkey	13.4% Ranked 23th.
Part time > Part time employment rate > Men	4.2% Ranked 22nd. 31% more than Turkey	3.2% Ranked 23th.
GNI > Current LCU per capita	22,004.91 Ranked 123th. 16% more than Turkey	18,977.57 Ranked 127th.
Subsidies and other transfers > % of expense	76.63% Ranked 3rd. 79% more than Turkey	42.79% Ranked 54th.
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 50-54	60.28% Ranked 147th.	62.5% Ranked 136th. 4% more than Spain
Economic activity > Men aged 55-59	72.54% Ranked 145th. 9% more than Turkey	66.74% Ranked 152nd.
Economic activity > Men aged 60-64	42.03% Ranked 134th.	57.9% Ranked 112th. 38% more than Spain
Economic activity > Women aged 25-29	73.44% Ranked 68th. 30% more than Turkey	56.58% Ranked 115th.
Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita	123,021.95 BoP $ per 1,000 people Ranked 24th. 10 times more than Turkey	11,808.78 BoP $ per 1,000 people Ranked 63th.
Workers' remittances > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	4.75 BoP $ per $1 million of Ranked 58th. 2 times more than Turkey	2.35 BoP $ per $1 million of Ranked 66th.
Employees, agriculture, female > % of female employment	2.5% Ranked 41st.	37.2% Ranked 7th. 15 times more than Spain
One-person and family businesses > Men > Percentage	13.2% Ranked 27th.	27.4% Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Spain
Economic activity > Both sexes aged 55-59	47.02% Ranked 150th.	56.14% Ranked 109th. 19% more than Spain
Employment rate > Source / date of > Information	2003 OECD .	2003 OECD .
Economic activity > Women aged 45-49	41.35% Ranked 132nd.	48.09% Ranked 119th. 16% more than Spain
Force with tertiary education > % of total	27.9% Ranked 11th. 3 times more than Turkey	8.3% Ranked 4th.
Force participation rate > Total > % of total population ages 15-64	69.04% Ranked 101st. 33% more than Turkey	51.9% Ranked 179th.
Employers, female > % of employment	3.4% Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Turkey	1.3% Ranked 52nd.
Employers, total > % of employment	5.3% Ranked 10th. 6% more than Turkey	5% Ranked 12th.
Self-employed, female > % of females employed	13% Ranked 36th.	45.7% Ranked 10th. 4 times more than Spain
Self-employed, male > % of males employed	21.3% Ranked 37th.	33.5% Ranked 16th. 57% more than Spain
Self-employed, total > % of total employed	17.5% Ranked 38th.	37.1% Ranked 16th. 2 times more than Spain
Employment to population ratio, 15+, male > %	49.9% Ranked 165th.	64.7% Ranked 119th. 30% more than Spain
Vulnerable employment, total > % of total employment	12.3% Ranked 40th.	32.1% Ranked 15th. 3 times more than Spain
Force participation rate > Male > % of male population ages 15-64	80.69% Ranked 108th. 6% more than Turkey	76% Ranked 146th.
Wage and salaried workers, total > % of total employed	82.4% Ranked 31st. 31% more than Turkey	62.9% Ranked 52nd.

SOURCES: ILO (International Labour Organization). 2002. Key Indicators of the Labour Market 2001-2002. February 2002; International Labour Organisation, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files. World Bank World Development Indicators.; World Bank national accounts data; Wikipedia: List of minimum wages by country (Countries) ("Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2013" . State.gov . Retrieved 2014-03-04 .); CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; World Development Indicators database; Wikipedia: List of minimum wages by country (Countries); Wikipedia: List of sovereign states in Europe by minimum wage (Minimum wages by country); OECD; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files. World Bank World Development Indicators. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Labour Organisation, using World Bank population estimates.; United Nations Statistics Division Original html; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; calculated on the basis of occupational data from ILO (International Labour Organization). 2002. Laboursta Database. February 2002; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009; calculated on the basis of data on the economically active population and total population from ILO (International Labour Organization). 2002. Estimates and Projections of the Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, 4th ed., rev. 2. Database. Geneva; United Nations Statistics Division Original html; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Economic activity rate and economically active population, by sex, thirteen age groups, 1950-2010 (ILO estimates and projections) are data from the International Labour Union (ILO). Source details: ILO, Economically Active Population, 1950-2010, fourth edition, diskette database (Geneva, 1997). The latest set of estimates and projections covering the period 1950-2010 (4th edition) was released by ILO in December 1996. These data are updated every five-ten years by ILO and a new set of these data is in preparation; OECD; calculated on the basis of data on male and female unemployment rates from OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). 2001. Employment Outlook 2001. Paris; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a109, Part-time employment rate; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/).; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: Minimum Age Convention, 1973; World Bank staff estimates; ILO Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM).; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a116, Percent own-account workers; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=MDG&f=seriesRowID%3a772, Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, men, percentage; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a118, Percent working less than 20 hrs/week; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a118, Percent working less than 20 hrs/week; World Bank national accounts data. GDP figures sourced from World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates. World Bank World Development Indicators.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?q=40+hrs%2fweek&d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a119, Percent working more than 40 hrs/week.; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949; OECD. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=MDG&f=seriesRowID%3a773#MDG, Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment, women, percentage; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division; Wikipedia: List of countries by employment rate

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