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Government Stats: compare key data on Burundi & Mauritius

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Definitions

  • Administrative divisions: This entry generally gives the numbers, designatory terms, and first-order administrative divisions as approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN). Changes that have been reported but not yet acted on by BGN are noted.
  • Capital city > Geographic coordinates: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • Capital city > Name: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • Constitution: The dates of adoption, revisions, and major amendments to a nation's constitution
  • Diplomatic representation from the US > Mailing address: This entry includes the chief of mission, embassy address, mailing address, telephone number, FAX number, branch office locations, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • Executive branch > Cabinet: Cabinet includes the official name for any body of high-ranking advisers roughly comparable to a U.S. Cabinet. Also notes the method for selection of members.
  • Executive branch > Chief of state: The name and title of any person or role roughly equivalent to a U.S. Chief of State. This means the titular leader of the country who represents the state at official and ceremonial functions but may not be involved with the day-to-day activities of the government
  • Executive branch > Head of government: Head of government includes the name and title of the top administrative leader who is designated to manage the day-to-day activities of the government. For example, in the UK, the monarch is the chief of state, and the prime minister is the head of government. In the US, the president is both the chief of state and the head of government.
  • Government type: A description of the basic form of government (e.g., republic, constitutional monarchy, federal republic, parliamentary democracy, military dictatorship).
  • Judicial branch: The name(s) of the highest court(s) and a brief description of the selection process for members.
  • Legal system: A brief description of the legal system's historical roots, role in government, and acceptance of International Court of Justice (ICJ) jurisdiction.
  • Legislative branch: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
  • Political parties and leaders: Significant political organizations and their leaders.
  • Political pressure groups and leaders: Organizations with leaders involved in politics, but not standing for legislative election.
  • Suffrage: The age at enfranchisement and whether the right to vote is universal or restricted
  • International organization participation: This entry lists in alphabetical order by abbreviation those international organizations in which the subject country is a member or participates in some other way.
  • Country name > Conventional long form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
  • Executive branch > Elections: Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election
  • Flag description: A written flag description produced from actual flags or the best information available at the time the entry was written. The flags of independent states are used by their dependencies unless there is an officially recognized local flag. Some disputed and other areas do not have flags.
  • Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days: Time required to start a business (days). Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
  • Country name > Conventional short form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
  • Constitutional form: Constitutional form of government.
  • Transnational Issues > Disputes > International: This entry includes a wide variety of situations that range from traditional bilateral boundary disputes to unilateral claims of one sort or another. Information regarding disputes over international terrestrial and maritime boundaries has been reviewed by the US Department of State. References to other situations involving borders or frontiers may also be included, such as resource disputes, geopolitical questions, or irredentist issues; however, inclusion does not necessarily constitute official acceptance or recognition by the US Government.
  • National anthem: A generally patriotic musical composition - usually in the form of a song or hymn of praise - that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions, or struggles of a nation or its people. National anthems can be officially recognized as a national song by a country's constitution or by an enacted law, or simply by tradition. Although most anthems contain lyrics, some do not.
  • Legislative branch > Election results: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
  • Legislative branch > Elections: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
  • Democracy and rights > Press freedom index: Compares countries by their degree of government censorship, according to the Press freedom index. This index, created by the non-governmental organization Reporters without borders (RWS), is ellaborated using data from an extensive annual survey sent to professional reporters throughout the world. The survey contains questions about the type and ownership of media present in the country, freedom of speech, violence exerted against reporters, election campaigns, access of political parties to the media, etc.
  • Parliament > Seats held by women > Percentage: Percentage of seats held by women in country's national parliament or legislative houses.
  • Independence: For most countries, this entry gives the date that sovereignty was achieved and from which nation, empire, or trusteeship. For the other countries, the date given may not represent "independence" in the strict sense, but rather some significant nationhood event such as the traditional founding date or the date of unification, federation, confederation, establishment, fundamental change in the form of government, or state succession. Dependent areas include the notation "none" followed by the nature of their dependency status. "
  • Executive branch > Election results: Election results includes the percent of vote for each candidate in the last election (if any)
  • Judicial branch > Subordinate courts: This entry is derived from Government > Judicial branch, which includes three subfields. The highest court(s) subfield includes the name(s) of a country's highest level court(s), the number and titles of the judges, and the types of cases heard by the court, which commonly are based on civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional law. A number of countries have separate constitutional courts. The judge selection and term of office subfield includes the organizations and associated officials responsible for nominating and appointing judges, and a brief description of the process. The selection process can be indicative of the independence of a country's court system from other branches of its government. Also included in this subfield are judges' tenures, which can range from a few years, to a specified retirement age, to lifelong appointments. The subordinate courts subfield lists the courts lower in the hierarchy of a country's court system. A few countries with federal-style governments, such as Brazil, Canada, and the US, in addition to their federal court, have separate state- or province-level court systems, though generally the two systems interact.
  • Basis of executive legitimacy: Basis of executive legitimacy.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Country name > Local short form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
  • Democracy and rights > Freedom of the press: Compares countries by freedom of the press. The lower the score, the more free the press of that country is. The scores are taken from the Freedom of the Press Index, elaborated by Freedom House, self-defined as "an independent watchdog organization dedicated to the expansion of freedom around the world". The data used in the index come from an annual survey of media independence in 197 countries and territories, assessing the degree of print, broadcast, and internet freedom in each of them.
  • Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament: Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber occupied by women.
  • Diplomatic representation from the US > Embassy: This entry includes the chief of mission, embassy address, mailing address, telephone number, FAX number, branch office locations, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number: Start-up procedures to register a business (number). Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • National holiday: The primary national day of celebration - often independence day.
  • Capital > Geographic coordinates: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • Democracy > First female parliamentarian: Year first woman elected or appointed to parliament.
  • Time required to start a business > Days: Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
  • Leaders > President: Government > Leaders > President
  • Judicial branch > Judge selection and term of office: This entry is derived from Government > Judicial branch, which includes three subfields. The highest court(s) subfield includes the name(s) of a country's highest level court(s), the number and titles of the judges, and the types of cases heard by the court, which commonly are based on civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional law. A number of countries have separate constitutional courts. The judge selection and term of office subfield includes the organizations and associated officials responsible for nominating and appointing judges, and a brief description of the process. The selection process can be indicative of the independence of a country's court system from other branches of its government. Also included in this subfield are judges' tenures, which can range from a few years, to a specified retirement age, to lifelong appointments. The subordinate courts subfield lists the courts lower in the hierarchy of a country's court system. A few countries with federal-style governments, such as Brazil, Canada, and the US, in addition to their federal court, have separate state- or province-level court systems, though generally the two systems interact.
  • Red tape > Burden of customs procedure, WEF > 1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient: Burden of customs procedure, WEF (1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient). Burden of Customs Procedure measures business executives' perceptions of their country's efficiency of customs procedures. The rating ranges from 1 to 7, with a higher score indicating greater efficiency. Data are from the World Economic Forum's Executive Opinion Survey, conducted for 30 years in collaboration with 150 partner institutes. The 2009 round included more than 13,000 respondents from 133 countries. Sampling follows a dual stratification based on company size and the sector of activity. Data are collected online or through in-person interviews. Responses are aggregated using sector-weighted averaging. The data for the latest year are combined with the data for the previous year to create a two-year moving average. Respondents evaluated the efficiency of customs procedures in their country. The lowest score (1) rates the customs procedure as extremely inefficient, and the highest score (7) as extremely efficient.
  • Democracy > Bertelsmann Transformation Index > Status Index 2006: The Status Index’s overall result represents the mean value of the scores for the dimensions “Political Transformationâ€? and “Economic Transformationâ€?. The mean value was calculated using the exact, unrounded values for both these dimensions, which, in turn, were derived from the ratings for the five political criteria (based on 18 indicators) and the seven economic criteria (based on 14 indicators). The table shows rounded scores for political and economic transformation as well as for the Status Index’s overall result. In some cases, therefore, the overall result differs slightly from the mean value.
  • Red tape > Time required to register property > Days: Time required to register property (days). Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property.
  • Politics: Country politics.
  • International law organization participation: This entry includes information on a country's acceptance of jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and of the International Criminal Court (ICCt); 55 countries have accepted ICJ jurisdiction with reservations and 11 have accepted ICJ jurisdiction without reservations; 114 countries have accepted ICCt jurisdiction. Appendix B: International Organizations and Groups explains the differing mandates of the ICJ and ICCt.
  • Parliament > Seats held by men: Number of seats held by men in country's naitonal parliament or legislative houses.
  • Country name > Local long form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
  • Red tape > Time to resolve insolvency > Years: Time to resolve insolvency (years). Time to resolve insolvency is the number of years from the filing for insolvency in court until the resolution of distressed assets.
  • Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million: Start-up procedures to register a business (number). Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Diplomatic representation in the US > Chancery: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • Diplomatic representation from the US > Telephone: This entry includes the chief of mission, embassy address, mailing address, telephone number, FAX number, branch office locations, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • Diplomatic representation in the US > Chief of mission: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • Diplomatic representation from the US > Chief of mission: This entry includes the chief of mission, embassy address, mailing address, telephone number, FAX number, branch office locations, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • Parliament > Seats held by women: Number of seats held by women in country's parliament or legislative houses.
  • UN membership date: Date of United Nations Membership
  • Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number: Procedures to build a warehouse (number). Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers.
  • Capital city: The location of the seat of government.
  • Capital > Name: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Spending > Expense > Current LCU: Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends."
  • Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days: Time required to get electricity (days). Time required to get electricity is the number of days to obtain a permanent electricity connection. The measure captures the median duration that the electricity utility and experts indicate is necessary in practice, rather than required by law, to complete a procedure.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Registered voter turnout: The proportion of registered voters who actually voted.
  • Democracy and rights > Year women first voted at national level: Year women first voted at national level.
  • Capital > Time difference: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • International relations: Country international relations.
  • Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days per million: Time required to get electricity (days). Time required to get electricity is the number of days to obtain a permanent electricity connection. The measure captures the median duration that the electricity utility and experts indicate is necessary in practice, rather than required by law, to complete a procedure. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Democracy > Female ministers: Women in government at ministerial level in 2000 (as % of total). Data were provided by states based on their definition of national executive and may therefore include women serving as ministers and vice ministers and those holding other ministerial positions, including parliamentary secretaries.
  • Leaders > Head of state > Term limit for head of state: Head(s) of state.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Foreign relations > Recognition of Israel notes: Notes and remarks about the date on which Israel was officially recognized as a state.
  • Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days: Time required to enforce a contract (days). Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment.
  • Democracy > Female parliamentarians: Seats in parliament held by women (as % of total). Data are as of 8 March 2002. Where there are lower and upper houses, data refer to the weighted average of women's shares of seats in both houses.
  • Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number: Procedures to register property (number). Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property.
  • Leaders > President > Profile: Government > Leaders > President > Profile
  • Role of head of state: Head of state.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Start-up procedures to register a business > Number: Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production.
  • Red tape > Burden of customs procedure, WEF > 1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient per million: Burden of customs procedure, WEF (1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient). Burden of Customs Procedure measures business executives' perceptions of their country's efficiency of customs procedures. The rating ranges from 1 to 7, with a higher score indicating greater efficiency. Data are from the World Economic Forum's Executive Opinion Survey, conducted for 30 years in collaboration with 150 partner institutes. The 2009 round included more than 13,000 respondents from 133 countries. Sampling follows a dual stratification based on company size and the sector of activity. Data are collected online or through in-person interviews. Responses are aggregated using sector-weighted averaging. The data for the latest year are combined with the data for the previous year to create a two-year moving average. Respondents evaluated the efficiency of customs procedures in their country. The lowest score (1) rates the customs procedure as extremely inefficient, and the highest score (7) as extremely efficient. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong: Strength of legal rights index measures the degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders and thus facilitate lending. The index ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating that these laws are better designed to expand access to credit."
  • Spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU: Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organisations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind."
  • Spending > Compensation of employees > Current LCU: Compensation of employees consists of all payments in cash, as well as in kind (such as food and housing), to employees in return for services rendered, and government contributions to social insurance schemes such as social security and pensions that provide benefits to employees."
  • Democracy > Bertelsmann Transformation Index > Management Index 2006: This Index evaluates management by political decision-makers while taking into consideration the level of difficulty. The Management Index’s overall result is calculated by multiplying the intermediate result with a factor derived from the level of difficulty evaluation.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
  • Parliament > Seats held by women per million people: Number of seats held by women in country's parliament or legislative houses. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Democracy > Female suffrage: Year in which women received the right to vote. Data refer to the year in which right to vote or stand for election on a universal and equal basis was recognized. Where two years are shown, the first refers to the first partial recognition of the right to vote.
  • Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days: Time required to build a warehouse (days). Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
  • Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million: Procedures to enforce a contract (number). Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days per million: Time required to start a business (days). Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Time required to register property > Days per million: Time required to register property (days). Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days per million: Time required to build a warehouse (days). Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million: Procedures to build a warehouse (number). Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Spending > Interest payments > Current LCU: Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents."
  • Democracy > Bertelsmann Transformation Index>Political Transformation: Political Transformation The score for â€?Political Transformation“ is obtained by calculating the mean value of the ratings for the following criteria: · Stateness · Political Participation · Rule of Law · Stability of Democratic Institutions · Political and Social Integration
  • Foreign relations > Diplomatic representation in the US > Ambassador: Name of ambassador to the USA.
  • Time required to build a warehouse > Days: Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population: International IDEA has chosen to use not only the reported registration rate to calculate turnout percentages, but also the voting age population (VAP) which includes all citizens above the legal voting age
  • Democracy > Female candidacy: Year in which women received the right to stand for election. Data refer to the year in which right to vote or stand for election on a universal and equal basis was recognized. Where two years are shown, the first refers to the first partial recognition of the right to stand for election.
  • Trademarks > Nonresidents per 1000: Trademark applications filed are applications for registration of a trademark with a national or regional trademark office. Trademarks are distinctive signs that identify goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademarks protect owners of the mark by ensuring exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services or to authorize its use in return for payment. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Trademarks > Nonresidents > Per capita: Trademark applications filed are applications for registration of a trademark with a national or regional trademark office. Trademarks are distinctive signs that identify goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademarks protect owners of the mark by ensuring exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services or to authorize its use in return for payment. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Turnout: The number of votes divided by the Voting Age Population figure, expressed as a percentage.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voter registration: The number of registered voters. The figure represents the number of names on the voters' register at the time that the registration process closes, as reported by the electoral management body.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Total vote: The total number of votes cast in the relevant election. Total vote includes valid and invalid votes, as well as blank votes in cases where these are separated from invalid votes. More information on valid, invalid and blank votes can be found at aceproject.org
  • Start-up procedures to register a business > Number > Per capita: Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Time required to enforce a contract > Days: Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment.
  • Procedures to register property > Number: Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property.
  • Procedures to build a warehouse > Number: Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers.
  • Form of government: Form of government in African Union member countries.
  • Foreign relations > Diplomatic relations with Palestine: Indicates whether or not each country has diplomatic relations with Palestine.
  • Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours: Time to prepare and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes and social security contributions.
  • Procedures to build a warehouse > Number > Per capita: Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Republic establishment date: The date on which each country (or its precursor) changed its form of government to a republic. In a republic, the power resides in the country’s people, the government and legislature is elected and the country is ruled according to its laws.
  • Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number: Procedures to enforce a contract (number). Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer.
  • Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number per million: Procedures to register property (number). Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Management time dealing with officials > % of management time: Management time dealing with officials (% of management time). Time dealing with officials is the percentage of management time in a given week spent on requirements imposed by government regulations (taxes, customs, labor regulations, licensing and registration).
  • Diplomatic representation in the US > FAX: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant LCU: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant local currency.
  • Trademarks > Residents > Per capita: Trademark applications filed are applications for registration of a trademark with a national or regional trademark office. Trademarks are distinctive signs that identify goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademarks protect owners of the mark by ensuring exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services or to authorize its use in return for payment. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Spending > Interest payments > % of expense: Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents."
  • Spending > Other expense > Current LCU: Other expense is spending on dividends, rent, and other miscellaneous expenses, including provision for consumption of fixed capital."
  • Time to resolve insolvency > Years: Time to resolve insolvency is the number of years from the filing for insolvency in court until the resolution of distressed assets.
  • Trademarks > Residents per million: Trademark applications filed are applications for registration of a trademark with a national or regional trademark office. Trademarks are distinctive signs that identify goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademarks protect owners of the mark by ensuring exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services or to authorize its use in return for payment. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Annual % growth: Annual percentage growth of general government final consumption expenditure based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. General government final consumption expenditure (general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation.
  • Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million: Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Time required to register property > Days: Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property.
  • Trademarks > Nonresidents: Trademark applications filed are applications for registration of a trademark with a national or regional trademark office. Trademarks are distinctive signs that identify goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademarks protect owners of the mark by ensuring exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services or to authorize its use in return for payment.
  • Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million: Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Parliament > Seats held by men per million people: Number of seats held by men in country's naitonal parliament or legislative houses. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million: Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Spending > Subsidies and other transfers > % of expense: Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organisations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind."
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current LCU: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current local currency.
  • Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments > %: Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%). Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women.
  • Management time dealing with officials > % of management time: Time dealing with officials is the percentage of management time in a given week spent on requirements imposed by government regulations (taxes, customs, labor regulations, licensing and registration).
  • Diplomatic representation from the US > FAX: This entry includes the chief of mission, embassy address, mailing address, telephone number, FAX number, branch office locations, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • Spending > Interest payments > % of revenue: Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents."
  • Diplomatic representation in the US > Telephone: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • Capital city > Time difference: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • Spending > Compensation of employees > % of expense: Compensation of employees consists of all payments in cash, as well as in kind (such as food and housing), to employees in return for services rendered, and government contributions to social insurance schemes such as social security and pensions that provide benefits to employees."
  • Informal payments to public officials > % of firms: Informal payments to public officials are the percentage of firms expected to make informal payments to public officials to ""get things done"" with regard to customs, taxes, licenses, regulations, services, and the like."
  • Spending > Goods and services expense > % of expense: Goods and services include all government payments in exchange for goods and services used for the production of market and nonmarket goods and services. Own-account capital formation is excluded.
  • Policy uncertainty > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint: Policy uncertainty measures the share of senior managers who ranked economic and regulatory policy uncertainty as a major or very severe constraint.
  • Spending > Other expense > % of expense: Other expense is spending on dividends, rent, and other miscellaneous expenses, including provision for consumption of fixed capital."
  • Procedures to register property > Number per million: Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Spending > Expense > % of GDP: Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends."
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population per 1000: International IDEA has chosen to use not only the reported registration rate to calculate turnout percentages, but also the voting age population (VAP) which includes all citizens above the legal voting age. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Procedures to enforce a contract > Number: Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer.
  • Democracy and rights > Active Labor party: Party.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Legislature (parliament) > Term of office for lower house members: Members of the lower (or sole) house.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Foreign relations > Date of recognition of State of Palestine: Date on which Palestine was officially recognized as a state.
  • Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days per million: Time required to enforce a contract (days). Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Trademarks > Residents: Trademark applications filed are applications for registration of a trademark with a national or regional trademark office. Trademarks are distinctive signs that identify goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. Trademarks protect owners of the mark by ensuring exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services or to authorize its use in return for payment.
  • Procedures to register property > Number > Per capita: Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Procedures to enforce a contract > Number > Per capita: Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Spending > Goods and services expense > Current LCU: Goods and services include all government payments in exchange for goods and services used for the production of market and nonmarket goods and services. Own-account capital formation is excluded.
STAT Burundi Mauritius HISTORY
Administrative divisions 17 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega, Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi, Rutana, Ruyigi 9 districts and 3 dependencies*; Agalega Islands*, Black River, Cargados Carajos Shoals*, Flacq, Grand Port, Moka, Pamplemousses, Plaines Wilhems, Port Louis, Riviere du Rempart, Rodrigues*, Savanne
Capital city > Geographic coordinates 3 22 S, 29 21 E 20 09 S, 57 29 E
Capital city > Name Bujumbura Port Louis
Constitution several previous; latest ratified by popular referendum 28 February 2005 several previous; latest adopted 12 March 1968; amended many times, last in 2012
Diplomatic representation from the US > Mailing address B. P. 1720, Bujumbura international mail: P. O. Box 544, Port Louis; US mail: American Embassy, Port Louis, US Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-2450
Executive branch > Cabinet Council of Ministers appointed by president Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
Executive branch > Chief of state President Pierre NKURUNZIZA - Hutu (since 26 August 2005); First Vice President Bernard BUSOKOZA - Tutsi (since 13 October 2013); Second Vice President Gervais RUFYIKIRI - Hutu (since 29 August 2010) President Rajkeswur Kailash PURRYAG (since 21 July 2012)
Executive branch > Head of government President Pierre NKURUNZIZA - Hutu (since 26 August 2005); First Vice President Bernard BUSOKOZA - Tutsi (since 13 October 2013); Second Vice President Gervais RUFYIKIRI - Hutu (since 29 August 2010) Prime Minister Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM (since 5 July 2005)
Government type republic parliamentary democracy
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court; High Court of Justice (composed of the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court) Supreme Court
Legal system mixed legal system of Belgian civil law and customary law civil legal system based on French civil law with some elements of English common law
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament or Parlement, consists of a Senate unicameral National Assembly
Political parties and leaders <strong>governing parties: </strong><br />Burundi Democratic Front or FRODEBU [Leonce NGENDAKUMANA]<br />National Council for the Defense of Democracy - Front for the Defense of Democracy or CNDD-FDD [Jeremie NGENDAKUMANA]<br />Union for National Progress (Union pour le Progress Nationale) or UPRONA [Bonaventure NIYOYANKANA] Alliance of the Future or AF [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM] (governing coalition - includes MLP, MMSM, MR, MSD, PMSD)<br />Mauritian Labor Party or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]<br />Mauritian Militant Movement or MMM [Paul BERENGER]<br />Mauritian Militant Socialist Movement or MMSM [Pravind JUGNAUTH]<br />Mauritian Socialist Militant Movement or MSMM [Madan DULLOO]<br />Mauritian Solidarity Front of FSM [Cehl FAKEERMEEAH]<br />Maurition Social Democratic Party or PMSD [Xavier Luc DUVAL]<br />Rodrigues Movement or MR [Joseph (Nicholas) Von MALLY]<br />Rodrigues Peoples Organization or OPR [Serge CLAIR]
Political pressure groups and leaders Forum for the Strengthening of Civil Society or FORSC [Pacifique NININAHAZWE] (civil society umbrella organization)<br />Observatoire de lutte contre la corruption et les malversations economiques or OLUCOME [Gabriel RUFYIRI] (anti-corruption pressure group)<br /><strong>other:</strong> Hutu and Tutsi militias (loosely organized) <strong>other: </strong>various labor unions
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, AU, CEPGL, COMESA, EAC, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO ACP, AfDB, AOSIS, AU, C, CD, COMESA, CPLP (associate), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, SAARC (observer), SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Country name > Conventional long form Republic of Burundi Republic of Mauritius
Executive branch > Elections the president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); elections last held on 28 June 2010 (next to be held in 2015); vice presidents nominated by the president, endorsed by parliament president and vice president elected by the National Assembly for five-year terms (eligible for a second term); elections last held on 21 July 2012 (next to be held in 2017); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president, responsible to the National Assembly
Flag description divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and green panels (hoist side and fly side) with a white disk superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above, two stars below); green symbolizes hope and optimism, white purity and peace, and red the blood shed in the struggle for independence; the three stars in the disk represent the three major ethnic groups: Hutu, Twa, Tutsi, as well as the three elements in the national motto: unity, work, progress four equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, yellow, and green; red represents self-determination and independence, blue the Indian Ocean surrounding the island, yellow has been interpreted as the new light of independence, golden sunshine, or the bright future, and green can symbolize either agriculture or the lush vegetation of the island
Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days 5
Ranked 169th.
6
Ranked 164th. 20% more than Burundi

Country name > Conventional short form Burundi Mauritius
Constitutional form Republic Republic
Transnational Issues > Disputes > International Burundi and Rwanda dispute two sq km (0.8 sq mi) of Sabanerwa, a farmed area in the Rukurazi Valley where the Akanyaru/Kanyaru River shifted its course southward after heavy rains in 1965; cross-border conflicts persist among Tutsi, Hutu, other ethnic groups, associated political rebels, armed gangs, and various government forces in the Great Lakes region Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Islands; claims French-administered Tromelin Island
National anthem <strong>name: </strong>"Burundi Bwacu" (Our Beloved Burundi)<br /><strong>lyrics/music:</strong> Jean-Baptiste NTAHOKAJA/Marc BARENGAYABO <strong>name: </strong>"Motherland"<br /><strong>lyrics/music:</strong> Jean Georges PROSPER/Philippe GENTIL
FAX 257 230
Legislative branch > Election results Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - TBD; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CNDD-FDD 81.2%, UPRONA 11.6%, FRODEBU 5.9%, others 1.3%; seats by party - CNDD-FDD 81, UPRONA 17, FRODEBU 5, other 3 percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - AF 41, MMM 18, MR 2, FSM 1; appointed seats - to be assigned 8
Legislative branch > Elections last held on 23 July 2010 (next to be held in 2015) last held on 5 May 2010 (next to be held in 2015)
Democracy and rights > Press freedom index 38.02
Ranked 47th. 44% more than Mauritius
26.47
Ranked 115th.
Parliament > Seats held by women > Percentage 30.48%
Ranked 33th. 62% more than Mauritius
18.84%
Ranked 87th.

Independence 1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration) 12 March 1968 (from the UK)
Executive branch > Election results Pierre NKURUNZIZA elected president by popular vote; Pierre NKURUNZIZA 91.6%, other 8.4% Rajkeswur Kailash PURRYAG elected president by unanimous vote; percent of vote by the National Assembly - NA
Judicial branch > Subordinate courts Courts of Appeal; County Courts; Courts of Residence Court of Civil Appeal; Court of Criminal Appeal; Public Bodies Appeal Tribunal (formed by a 2008 constitutional amendment)
Basis of executive legitimacy Presidency is independent of legislature Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Country name > Local short form Burundi Mauritius
Democracy and rights > Freedom of the press 72
Ranked 35th. 2 times more than Mauritius
29
Ranked 134th.
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament 30.5%
Ranked 18th. 78% more than Mauritius
17.1%
Ranked 70th.

Diplomatic representation from the US > Embassy Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura 4
Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number 3
Ranked 169th.
5
Ranked 145th. 67% more than Burundi

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ 227.46 million$
Ranked 128th.
905.53 million$
Ranked 99th. 4 times more than Burundi

National holiday Independence Day, 1 July Independence Day, 12 March
Capital > Geographic coordinates 3 22 S, 29 21 E 20 09 S, 57 29 E
Democracy > First female parliamentarian 1982 (elected) 1976 (elected)
Time required to start a business > Days 43 days
Ranked 64th.
46 days
Ranked 58th. 7% more than Burundi

Leaders > President Pierre Nkurunziza Rajkeswur &quot; Kailash&quot; Purryag
Democracy > Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment 0.858
Ranked 130th.
1
Ranked 22nd. 17% more than Burundi

Judicial branch > Judge selection and term of office judges nominated by the Judicial Service Commission, a 15-member independent body of judicial and legal profession officials); judges appointed by the president with the approval of the Senate; judge tenure NA chief justice appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister; senior puisne judge appointed by the president with the advice of the chief justice; other puisne judges appointed by the president with the advice of the Judicial and Legal Commission, a 4-member body of judicial officials including the chief justice; all judges serve until retirement at age 62
Red tape > Burden of customs procedure, WEF > 1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient 2.6
Ranked 140th.
4.6
Ranked 40th. 77% more than Burundi

Democracy > Bertelsmann Transformation Index > Status Index 2006 3.58
Ranked 100th.
8.17
Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Burundi
Red tape > Time required to register property > Days 26
Ranked 115th. 73% more than Mauritius
15
Ranked 149th.

Politics Stability appeared to be within reach after years of bloody conflict, but post-election tension in 2010 renewed fears of civil war Navin Ramgoolam became premier in July 2005, having already held the post from 1995 to 2000. Changing coalitions are a feature of politics
International law organization participation has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Parliament > Seats held by men 73
Ranked 126th. 30% more than Mauritius
56
Ranked 143th.

Country name > Local long form Republique du Burundi/Republika y'u Burundi Republic of Mauritius
Foreign relations of Western Sahara > States recognizing the SADR > Date of recognition March 1, 1976 July 1, 1982
Red tape > Time to resolve insolvency > Years 5
Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Mauritius
1.7
Ranked 140th.

Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million 0.406
Ranked 120th.
3.87
Ranked 47th. 10 times more than Burundi

Diplomatic representation in the US > Chancery Suite 212, 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 None
Diplomatic representation from the US > Telephone [257] 22-207-000 [230] 202-4400
Diplomatic representation in the US > Chief of mission Ambassador Angele NIYUHIRE (since 18 September 2009) Ambassador Somduth SOBORUN (since 28 January 2011)
Diplomatic representation from the US > Chief of mission Ambassador Dawn M. LIBERI (since 10 July 2012) Ambassador Shari VILLAROSA (since 10 September 2012
Parliament > Seats held by women 32
Ranked 73th. 2 times more than Mauritius
13
Ranked 130th.

UN membership date 18 Sep. 1962 24 Apr. 1968
Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number 15
Ranked 73th.
16
Ranked 69th. 7% more than Burundi

Capital city Bujumbura Port Louis
Capital > Name Bujumbura Port Louis
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita 30.14$ per capita
Ranked 128th.
728.35$ per capita
Ranked 45th. 24 times more than Burundi

Spending > Expense > Current LCU 94.03 billion
Ranked 28th. 83% more than Mauritius
51.26 billion
Ranked 61st.

Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days 158
Ranked 29th. 88% more than Mauritius
84
Ranked 102nd.

Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Registered voter turnout 91.4%
Ranked 13th. 13% more than Mauritius
80.9%
Ranked 40th.
Democracy and rights > Year women first voted at national level 1961 1956
Capital > Time difference UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
International relations The conflict in neighbouring DRCongo provides emerging rebel groups with room to plan attacks Mauritius claims the Chagos Islands, administered by Britain and home to a US military base on Diego Garcia
Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days per million 19.09
Ranked 73th.
65.04
Ranked 44th. 3 times more than Burundi

Democracy > Female ministers 10.2%
Ranked 74th. 12% more than Mauritius
9.1%
Ranked 83th.
Leaders > Head of state > Term limit for head of state 5
Ranked 40th. The same as Mauritius
5
Ranked 101st.
Foreign relations > Recognition of Israel notes Relations severed in May 1973, and restored in March 1995. Severed relation in July 1976, restored in September 1993.
Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days 832
Ranked 35th. 57% more than Mauritius
529
Ranked 102nd.

Democracy > Female parliamentarians 14.4%
Ranked 57th. 3 times more than Mauritius
5.7%
Ranked 130th.
Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number 5
Ranked 105th. 25% more than Mauritius
4
Ranked 160th.

Leaders > President > Profile <p>Pierre Nkurunziza, a former Hutu rebel leader, became the first president to be chosen in democratic elections since the start of Burundi&#039;s civil war in 1994.</p> <p>He was selected as president by parliamentarians in August 2005 after his Force for the Defence of Democracy (FDD) won parliamentary elections a few weeks earlier.</p> <p>He was re-elected in June 2010 presidential polls. The vote was boycotted by the opposition, which complained of fraud in the earlier local elections.</p> <p>The European Union praised Burundi for holding a peaceful presidential election but criticised the government for limits on political expression. Since 2010 opposition leaders and international observers have complained of increasing attacks and pressure on opposition parties and the media.</p> <p>Armed groups have made a worrying reappearance, exploiting the chaos in neighbouring DRCongo.</p> <p>The 2005 vote was one of the final steps in a peace process intended to end years of fighting between Hutu rebels and the Tutsi-controlled army.</p> <p>A peace agreement between the government and the remaining Hutu rebels was signed in 2006, but broke down after the government rejected rebel demands for power-sharing. A ceasefire with the last major active rebel group, the National Liberation Forces (FNL), was signed in May 2008.</p> <p>Born in 1964 in Ngozi province, Pierre Nkurunziza trained as a sports teacher. His father, a former MP, was killed in ethnic violence in 1972.</p> <p>He joined the Hutu rebellion in 1995 and rose through the ranks to become head of the FDD in 2001. He sustained a serious mortar injury during the conflict.</p> <p>The married father of two is a born-again Christian.</p> <p>Parliament chose its speaker, Rajkeswur Purryag, as president in July 2012 after the resignation of Anerood Jugnauth. </p> <p>President Jugnauth stepped down in March in order to join the opposition to Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam. </p> <p>President Purryag is a longstanding member of the Labour Party leadership and served as Mr Ramgoolam&#039;s deputy until being chosen as speaker of parliament in 2000.</p>
Role of head of state Executive Ceremonial
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita 29.27$
Ranked 129th.
728.35$
Ranked 46th. 25 times more than Burundi

Start-up procedures to register a business > Number 11
Ranked 44th. 83% more than Mauritius
6
Ranked 148th.

Red tape > Burden of customs procedure, WEF > 1=extremely inefficient to 7=extremely efficient per million 0.264
Ranked 85th.
3.56
Ranked 14th. 13 times more than Burundi

Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong 2
Ranked 159th.
5
Ranked 99th. 3 times more than Burundi

Spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU 8.55 billion
Ranked 29th.
17.19 billion
Ranked 60th. 2 times more than Burundi

Spending > Compensation of employees > Current LCU 22 billion
Ranked 18th. 27% more than Mauritius
17.34 billion
Ranked 55th.

Democracy > Bertelsmann Transformation Index > Management Index 2006 2.77
Ranked 105th.
7.57
Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Burundi
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP 0.284$ per $1 of GDP
Ranked 6th. 97% more than Mauritius
0.144$ per $1 of GDP
Ranked 73th.

Parliament > Seats held by women per million people 2.94
Ranked 98th.
9.83
Ranked 42nd. 3 times more than Burundi

Democracy > Female suffrage 1961 1956
Political pressure groups and leaders > Other Hutu and Tutsi militias (loosely organized) various labor unions
Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days 99
Ranked 146th.
248
Ranked 27th. 3 times more than Burundi

Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million 4.47
Ranked 94th.
27.88
Ranked 41st. 6 times more than Burundi

Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days per million 0.812
Ranked 129th.
4.65
Ranked 69th. 6 times more than Burundi

Red tape > Time required to register property > Days per million 6.5
Ranked 76th.
11.61
Ranked 59th. 79% more than Burundi

Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days per million 10.05
Ranked 120th.
192.03
Ranked 35th. 19 times more than Burundi

Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million 2.13
Ranked 90th.
12.39
Ranked 35th. 6 times more than Burundi

Spending > Interest payments > Current LCU 4.42 billion
Ranked 26th.
7.97 billion
Ranked 49th. 80% more than Burundi

Democracy > Bertelsmann Transformation Index>Political Transformation 3.64
Ranked 92nd.
8.58
Ranked 16th. 2 times more than Burundi
Foreign relations > Diplomatic representation in the US > Ambassador Niyuhire, Angele Angele Niyuhire Soborun, Somduth Somduth Soborun
Time required to build a warehouse > Days 302 days
Ranked 22nd. 2 times more than Mauritius
145 days
Ranked 117th.

Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population 2.86 million
Ranked 91st. 4 times more than Mauritius
792,125
Ranked 123th.
Democracy > Female candidacy 1,961
Ranked 31st. About the same as Mauritius
1,956
Ranked 54th.
Trademarks > Nonresidents per 1000 0.0188
Ranked 65th.
0.545
Ranked 21st. 29 times more than Burundi

Trademarks > Nonresidents > Per capita 0.019 per 1,000 people
Ranked 62nd.
0.545 per 1,000 people
Ranked 20th. 29 times more than Burundi

National anthem > Name "Burundi Bwacu" (Our Beloved Burundi) "Motherland"
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Turnout 75.4
Ranked 36th.
79.6
Ranked 30th. 6% more than Burundi
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voter registration 2.36 million
Ranked 93th. 3 times more than Mauritius
779,433
Ranked 114th.
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Total vote 2.16 million
Ranked 78th. 3 times more than Mauritius
630,292
Ranked 111th.
Start-up procedures to register a business > Number > Per capita 1.4 per 1 million people
Ranked 76th.
4.79 per 1 million people
Ranked 37th. 3 times more than Burundi

Time required to enforce a contract > Days 403 days
Ranked 108th.
630 days
Ranked 46th. 56% more than Burundi

Procedures to register property > Number 5
Ranked 102nd.
6
Ranked 95th. 20% more than Burundi

Procedures to build a warehouse > Number 18
Ranked 65th.
21
Ranked 42nd. 17% more than Burundi

Form of government presidential unitary republic semi-presidential unitary republic
Foreign relations > Diplomatic relations with Palestine No Yes
Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours 140 hours
Ranked 125th.
158 hours
Ranked 120th. 13% more than Burundi

Procedures to build a warehouse > Number > Per capita 2.3 per 1 million people
Ranked 82nd.
16.75 per 1 million people
Ranked 28th. 7 times more than Burundi

Republic establishment date November 28, 1966 March 12, 1992
National anthem > Note adopted 1962 adopted 1968
Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number 44
Ranked 30th. 26% more than Mauritius
35
Ranked 134th.

Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number per million 0.812
Ranked 80th.
3.1
Ranked 42nd. 4 times more than Burundi

Red tape > Management time dealing with officials > % of management time 5.7%
Ranked 28th.
9.4%
Ranked 23th. 65% more than Burundi

Diplomatic representation in the US > FAX [1] (202) 342-2578 [1] (202) 966-0983
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant LCU 8968361000 16863080000
Trademarks > Residents > Per capita 0.003 per 1,000 people
Ranked 62nd.
0.409 per 1,000 people
Ranked 30th. 136 times more than Burundi

Spending > Interest payments > % of expense 7.4%
Ranked 40th.
15.55%
Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Burundi

Spending > Other expense > Current LCU 13.06 billion
Ranked 14th. 4 times more than Mauritius
3.01 billion
Ranked 56th.

Time to resolve insolvency > Years 4 years
Ranked 34th. 2 times more than Mauritius
1.7 years
Ranked 124th.

Trademarks > Residents per million 2.84
Ranked 65th.
409.33
Ranked 31st. 144 times more than Burundi

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Annual % growth -3.39%
Ranked 125th.
5.4%
Ranked 35th.

Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million 2.24
Ranked 82nd.
16.76
Ranked 28th. 7 times more than Burundi

Time required to register property > Days 94 days
Ranked 45th.
210 days
Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Burundi

Trademarks > Nonresidents 132
Ranked 67th.
633
Ranked 66th. 5 times more than Burundi

Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million 5.84
Ranked 69th.
29.54
Ranked 30th. 5 times more than Burundi

Parliament > Seats held by men per million people 6.7
Ranked 139th.
42.35
Ranked 43th. 6 times more than Burundi

Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million 1.37
Ranked 74th.
4.79
Ranked 37th. 4 times more than Burundi

Spending > Subsidies and other transfers > % of expense 14.31%
Ranked 47th.
33.54%
Ranked 56th. 2 times more than Burundi

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current LCU 244798500000 26206000000
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments > % 30.5%
Ranked 37th. 62% more than Mauritius
18.8%
Ranked 91st.

Management time dealing with officials > % of management time 5.7%
Ranked 19th.
9.56%
Ranked 5th. 68% more than Burundi
Diplomatic representation from the US > FAX [257] 22-222-926 [230] 208-9534
Spending > Interest payments > % of revenue 8.42%
Ranked 42nd.
13.71%
Ranked 9th. 63% more than Burundi

Diplomatic representation in the US > Telephone [1] (202) 342-2574 [1] (202) 244-1491 through 1492
Capital city > Time difference UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Spending > Compensation of employees > % of expense 36.81%
Ranked 12th. 9% more than Mauritius
33.83%
Ranked 20th.

Informal payments to public officials > % of firms 56.46%
Ranked 10th. 36 times more than Mauritius
1.59%
Ranked 49th.

Spending > Goods and services expense > % of expense 22.09%
Ranked 20th. 97% more than Mauritius
11.21%
Ranked 56th.

Policy uncertainty > % of managers surveyed ranking this as a major business constraint 14.3%
Ranked 5th.
23.9%
Ranked 16th. 67% more than Burundi
Spending > Other expense > % of expense 13.89%
Ranked 4th. 2 times more than Mauritius
5.87%
Ranked 46th.

Procedures to register property > Number per million 0.622
Ranked 80th.
4.79
Ranked 28th. 8 times more than Burundi

Spending > Expense > % of GDP 20.65%
Ranked 45th. 7% more than Mauritius
19.35%
Ranked 65th.

Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population per 1000 393.68
Ranked 145th.
647.79
Ranked 57th. 65% more than Burundi
Procedures to enforce a contract > Number 47
Ranked 27th. 27% more than Mauritius
37
Ranked 69th.

Democracy and rights > Active Labor party Independent Labor Party Labour Party
Legislature (parliament) > Term of office for lower house members 5
Ranked 18th. The same as Mauritius
5
Ranked 87th.
Foreign relations > Date of recognition of State of Palestine 22 December 1988 17 November 1988
Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days per million 84.47
Ranked 85th.
499.44
Ranked 40th. 6 times more than Burundi

Trademarks > Residents 20
Ranked 65th.
475
Ranked 58th. 24 times more than Burundi

Procedures to register property > Number > Per capita 0.638 per 1 million people
Ranked 83th.
4.79 per 1 million people
Ranked 28th. 8 times more than Burundi

Procedures to enforce a contract > Number > Per capita 6 per 1 million people
Ranked 68th.
29.52 per 1 million people
Ranked 30th. 5 times more than Burundi

Spending > Goods and services expense > Current LCU 13.21 billion
Ranked 21st. 2 times more than Mauritius
5.75 billion
Ranked 61st.

SOURCES: CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/).; Wikipedia: List of countries by system of government (Alphabetical list of countries); All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; Wikipedia: Censorship by country (Censorship by country) ("Press Freedom Index 2013" , Reporters Without Borders, 30 January 2013); United Nations Statistics Division; "2012 Freedom of the Press Data" , Freedom House, 1 May 2012; World Development Indicators database; IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 1995. Women in Parliaments 1945-1995: A World Statistical Survey. Geneva and IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2001. Correspondence on year women received the right to vote and to stand for election and year first woman was elected or appointed to parliament. March. Geneva.; British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; Source: Millennium Development Goals Database | United Nations Statistics Division; World Economic Forum, Global Competiveness Report and data files.; Bertelsmann Transformation Index online, 2006; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: Foreign relations of Western Sahara; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations World Statistics Pocketbook and Statistical Yearbook; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2003; Wikipedia: Women's suffrage (Summary); IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2001. Correspondence on women in government at the ministerial level. March. Geneva; Wikipedia: Term of office (Terms of office by country); Wikipedia: International recognition of Israel (UN member states); calculated on the basis of data on parliamentary seats from IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2002. Parline Database. March 2002; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Economic Forum, Global Competiveness Report and data files. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 1995. Women in Parliaments 1945-1995: A World Statistical Survey. Geneva and IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2001. Correspondence on year women received the right to vote and to stand for election and year first woman was elected or appointed to parliament. March. Geneva; http://www.bertelsmann-transformation-index.de/fileadmin/pdf/BTI_2006_Ranking_GB.pdf; Wikipedia: List of ambassadors to the United States; Freedom House (2006-06-27). "2005". Freedom in the World. Retrieved 2006-06-27.; Wikipedia: International recognition of the State of Palestine (Diplomatic recognition) (Either with the Palestinian National Authority, the Palestine Liberation Organization, or the State of Palestine. The institution is specified where known.); Wikipedia: List of countries by date of transition to republican system of government (List); World Bank, Enterprise Surveys; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) (www.ipu.org); World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.; Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2003. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of Labour Parties (Active Labor parties); Wikipedia: International recognition of the State of Palestine (Diplomatic recognition)

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