Economy Stats: compare key data on Costa Rica & Uruguay

Definitions

Budget > Revenues: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms
Budget surplus > + or deficit > -: This entry records the difference between national government revenues and expenditures, expressed as a percent of GDP. A positive (+) number indicates that revenues exceeded expenditures (a budget surplus), while a negative (-) number indicates the reverse (a budget deficit). Normalizing the data, by dividing the budget balance by GDP, enables easy comparisons across countries and indicates whether a national government saves or borrows money. Countries with high budget deficits (relative to their GDPs) generally have more difficulty raising funds to finance expenditures, than those with lower deficits.
Debt > Government debt > Public debt, share of GDP: Public debt as % of GDP (CIA).
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Overview: This entry briefly describes the type of economy, including the degree of market orientation, the level of economic development, the most important natural resources, and the unique areas of specialization. It also characterizes major economic events and policy changes in the most recent 12 months and may include a statement about one or two key future macroeconomic trends.
Exports: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
GDP: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
GDP > Per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
GDP > Per capita > PPP: This entry shows GDP on a purchasing power parity basis divided by population as of 1 July for the same year.
GDP > Purchasing power parity per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP per capita: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Gross National Income: GNI, Atlas method (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and prop).
Inflation rate > Consumer prices: This entry furnishes the annual percent change in consumer prices compared with the previous year's consumer prices.
Population below poverty line: National estimates of the percentage of the population lying below the poverty line are based on surveys of sub-groups, with the results weighted by the number of people in each group. Definitions of poverty vary considerably among nations. For example, rich nations generally employ more generous standards of poverty than poor nations.
Public debt: This entry records the cumulatiive total of all government borrowings less repayments that are denominated in a country's home currency. Public debt should not be confused with external debt, which reflects the foreign currency liabilities of both the private and public sector and must be financed out of foreign exchange earnings.
Unemployment rate: This entry contains the percent of the labor force that is without jobs. Substantial underemployment might be noted.
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Services: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by sector of origin, which shows where production takes place in an economy. The distribution gives the percentage contribution of agriculture, industry, and services to total GDP, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not produce material goods.
Exports per capita: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Distribution of family income > Gini index: This index measures the degree of inequality in the distribution of family income in a country. The index is calculated from the Lorenz curve, in which cumulative family income is plotted against the number of families arranged from the poorest to the ric
Human Development Index: The human development index values in this table were calculated using a consistent methodology and consistent data series. They are not strictly comparable with those in earlier Human Development Reports.
Tourist arrivals > Per capita: International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival." Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
GDP > Purchasing power parity: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller.
Currency > PPP conversion factor to official exchange rate ratio: Purchasing power parity conversion factor is the number of units of a country's currency required to buy the same amount of goods and services in the domestic market as a U.S. dollar would buy in the United States. Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar). The ratio of the PPP conversion factor to the official exchange rate (also referred to as the national price level) makes it possible to compare the cost of the bundle of goods that make up gross domestic product (GDP) across countries. It tells how many dollars are needed to buy a dollar's worth of goods in the country as compared to the United States.
Fiscal year: The beginning and ending months for a country's accounting period of 12 months, which often is the calendar year but which may begin in any month. All yearly references are for the calendar year (CY) unless indicated as a noncalendar fiscal year (FY).
GDP > Composition by sector > Industry: The gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods produced by the industrial sector within a nation in a given year. GDP dollar estimates in the Factbook are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. See the CIA World Factbook for more information.
Currency > Official exchange rate > LCU per US$, period average: Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average). Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).
Inequality > GINI index: Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality."
Imports per capita: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Gross National Income per capita: GNI, Atlas method (current US$). GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and prop). Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Individual rate: Highest marginal tax rate (individual rate) is the highest rate shown on the schedule of tax rates applied to the taxable income of individuals.
Technology index: The technology index denotes the country's technological readiness. This index is created with such indicators as companies spending on R&D, the creativity of its scientific community, personal computer and internet penetration rates.
Development > Human Development Index: Human Development Index trends, 1980-2012.
Population below poverty line > Per capita: National estimates of the percentage of the population lying below the poverty line are based on surveys of sub-groups, with the results weighted by the number of people in each group. Definitions of poverty vary considerably among nations. For example, rich nations generally employ more generous standards of poverty than poor nations. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
Big Mac Index: Price of a McDonald's Big Mac in US Dollars at current exchange rates. January 12th, 2006.
GDP > Per capita > PPP per thousand people: This entry shows GDP on a purchasing power parity basis divided by population as of 1 July for the same year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Exports > Commodities: This entry provides a listing of the highest-valued exported products; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
Poverty and inequality > Richest quintile to poorest quintile ratio: The ratio of average income of the richest 20% of the population to the average income of the poorest 20% of the population.
Imports: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
Budget > Expenditures: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms
GINI index: Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold per capita: This entry gives the dollar value for the stock of all financial assets that are available to the central monetary authority for use in meeting a country's balance of payments needs as of the end-date of the period specified. This category includes not only foreign currency and gold, but also a country's holdings of Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund, and its reserve position in the Fund. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Debt > Net foreign assets > Current LCU: Net foreign assets (current LCU). Net foreign assets are the sum of foreign assets held by monetary authorities and deposit money banks, less their foreign liabilities. Data are in current local currency.
Tourist arrivals: International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival."
Budget > Revenues > Per capita: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Inbound tourism income > Current US$: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Tax > Tax rates: Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales. Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here."
GDP per person: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Exports > Main exports: Country main exports.
Budget > Revenues per capita: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Debt > External: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services.
Gross domestic savings > Current US$ per capita: Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Debt > External > Per capita: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
GDP > Composition by sector > Services: The gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final services produced within a nation in a given year. GDP dollar estimates in the Factbook are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. See the CIA World Factbook for more information.
Tax > GDP > Constant LCU: GDP (constant LCU). GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.
Tourism > International tourism, number of arrivals per capita: International tourism, number of arrivals. International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
Consumer spending: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This item also includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources."
Consumer price index: Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a fixed basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.
2000 = 100
GDP > Composition by sector > Agriculture: The gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods produced by the agricultural sector within a nation in a given year. GDP dollar estimates in the Factbook are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. See the CIA World Factbook for more information.
GDP per capita > PPP > Current international $: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
Industries: A rank ordering of industries starting with the largest by value of annual output.
Population below poverty line > Per $ GDP: National estimates of the percentage of the population lying below the poverty line are based on surveys of sub-groups, with the results weighted by the number of people in each group. Definitions of poverty vary considerably among nations. For example, rich nations generally employ more generous standards of poverty than poor nations. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 trillion $ gross domestic product.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Imports of goods and services: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
imports of goods and ...
Full definition
GDP per capita > Constant LCU: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.
Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Foreign direct investment > Net inflows > BoP > Current US: Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Labor force: This entry contains the total labor force figure.
Poverty and inequality > Population below $1 (PPP) per day: Percentage of population that lives on less than the equivalent of 1 USD per day.
Trade > With US > US imports of bauxite and aluminum: US imports of bauxite and aluminum, USD Thousands, 2004
GDP > Real growth rate: GDP growth on an annual basis adjusted for inflation and expressed as a percent.
Debt > Government debt > Gross government debt, share of GDP: Gross government debt as % of GDP (IMF).
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
International tourism > Number of arrivals: International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited.
Economic growth > Per capita: Annual percentage growth rate of GDP per capita based on constant local currency. GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Poverty > Population under $1 a day: Population below line - proportion receiving less than $1 per day in income (purchasing power parity). Data from most recent available between the period 1983 to 2000.
GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant U.S. dollars.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number > Per capita: Micro, small, and medium-size enterprises are business that may be defined by the number of employees. There is no international standard definition of firm size; however, many institutions that collect information use the following size categories: micro enterprises have 0-9 employees, small enterprises have 10-49 employees, and medium-size enterprises have 50-249 employees. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Economic freedom: Index of 'economic freedom', according to the American organisation 'The Heritage Foundation'. It is worth noting that such indices are based on highly culturally contingent factors. This data makes a number of assumptions about 'freedom' and the role of the government that are not accepted by much of the world's population. A broad discussion of The Heritage Foundation's definition and methodology can be found at http://www.heritage.org/research/features/index/ChapterPDFs/chapter5.HTML.
GDP > Official exchange rate per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at offical exchange rates (OER) is the home-currency-denominated annual GDP figure divided by the bilateral average US exchange rate with that country in that year. The measure is simple to compute and gives a precise measure of the value of output. Many economists prefer this measure when gauging the economic power an economy maintains vis-a-vis its neighbors, judging that an exchange rate captures the purchasing power a nation enjoys in the international marketplace. Official exchange rates, however, can be artifically fixed and/or subject to manipulation - resulting in claims of the country having an under- or over-valued currency - and are not necessarily the equivalent of a market-determined exchange rate. Moreover, even if the official exchange rate is market-determined, market exchange rates are frequently established by a relatively small set of goods and services (the ones the country trades) and may not capture the value of the larger set of goods the country produces. Furthermore, OER-converted GDP is not well suited to comparing domestic GDP over time, since appreciation/depreciation from one year to the next will make the OER GDP value rise/fall regardless of whether home-currency-denominated GDP changed. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Stock of direct foreign investment > At home: This entry gives the cumulative US dollar value of all investments in the home country made directly by residents - primarily companies - of other countries as of the end of the time period indicated. Direct investment excludes investment through purchase of shares.
Current account balance: This entry records a country's net trade in goods and services, plus net earnings from rents, interest, profits, and dividends, and net transfer payments (such as pension funds and worker remittances) to and from the rest of the world during the period specified. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
Trade > Imports per capita: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Currency: The national medium of exchange and its basic sub-unit.
Current account balance > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods, services, net income, and net current transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GNI per capita: Country GNI per capita.
GDP > Purchasing power parity > Per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Companies > Listed domestic companies, total: Listed domestic companies, total. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. This indicator does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles.
Trade > Exports per capita: The total US dollar amount of exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Current account balance per capita: This entry records a country's net trade in goods and services, plus net earnings from rents, interest, profits, and dividends, and net transfer payments (such as pension funds and worker remittances) to and from the rest of the world during the period specified. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Poverty > Population under $2 a day: Population below line - proportion receiving less than $2 per day in income (purchasing power parity). Data from most recent available between the period 1983 to 2000.
Money and quasi money > M2 > Current LCU: Money and quasi money comprise the sum of currency outside banks, demand deposits other than those of the central government, and the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government. This definition of money supply is frequently called M2; it corresponds to lines 34 and 35 in the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) International Financial Statistics (IFS). Data are in current local currency.
Tourism > International tourism, number of arrivals: International tourism, number of arrivals. International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival.
Gross national saving: Gross national saving is derived by deducting final consumption expenditure (household plus government) from Gross national disposable income, and consists of personal saving, plus business saving (the sum of the capital consumption allowance and retained business profits), plus government saving (the excess of tax revenues over expenditures), but excludes foreign saving (the excess of imports of goods and services over exports). The figures are presented as a percent of GDP. A negative number indicates that the economy as a whole is spending more income than it produces, thus drawing down national wealth (dissaving).
Tax > GDP > Constant LCU per capita: GDP (constant LCU). GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Retail > Gross value added by wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels: Gross Value Added by Kind of Economic Activity at current prices - US dollars.
Companies > Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ per capita: Market capitalization of listed companies (current US$). Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ per capita: Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Budget > Expenditures per capita: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Reserves > Total reserves > Includes gold, current US$: Total reserves (includes gold, current US$). Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Exchange rates: The official value of a country's monetary unit at a given date or over a given period of time, as expressed in units of local currency per US dollar and as determined by international market forces or official fiat.
Debt > External per capita: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Size of economy > Share of world GDP : Percent of world GDP (exchange rates).
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Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Exports > Partners: This entry provides a rank ordering of trading partners starting with the most important; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
Aid per capita > Current US$: Aid per capita includes both official development assistance (ODA) and official aid, and is calculated by dividing total aid by the midyear population estimate.
GDP > Official exchange rate: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at offical exchange rates (OER) is the home-currency-denominated annual GDP figure divided by the bilateral average US exchange rate with that country in that year. The measure is simple to compute and gives a precise measure of the value of output. Many economists prefer this measure when gauging the economic power an economy maintains vis-a-vis its neighbors, judging that an exchange rate captures the purchasing power a nation enjoys in the international marketplace. Official exchange rates, however, can be artifically fixed and/or subject to manipulation - resulting in claims of the country having an under- or over-valued currency - and are not necessarily the equivalent of a market-determined exchange rate. Moreover, even if the official exchange rate is market-determined, market exchange rates are frequently established by a relatively small set of goods and services (the ones the country trades) and may not capture the value of the larger set of goods the country produces. Furthermore, OER-converted GDP is not well suited to comparing domestic GDP over time, since appreciation/depreciation from one year to the next will make the OER GDP value rise/fall regardless of whether home-currency-denominated GDP changed.
GDP per capita > PPP > Constant 2000 international $: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 international dollars.
Investment > Gross fixed: This entry records total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes invesment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital.
Interest rate spread > Lending rate minus deposit rate: Interest rate spread is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to prime customers minus the interest rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits.
Income receipts > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Income receipts refer to employee compensation paid to resident workers working abroad and investment income (receipts on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Income derived from the use of intangible assets is excluded from income and recorded under business services. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Bank liquid > Reserves to bank assets ratio: Ratio of bank liquid reserves to bank assets is the ratio of domestic currency holdings and deposits with the monetary authorities to claims on other governments, nonfinancial public enterprises, the private sector, and other banking institutions.
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Corporate rate: Highest marginal tax rate (corporate rate) is the highest rate shown on the schedule of tax rates applied to the taxable income of corporations.
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Industry: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by sector of origin, which shows where production takes place in an economy. The distribution gives the percentage contribution of agriculture, industry, and services to total GDP, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not produce material goods.
Debt > Net domestic credit > Current LCU: Net domestic credit (current LCU). Net domestic credit is the sum of net claims on the central government and claims on other sectors of the domestic economy (IFS line 32). Data are in current local currency.
Trade > Exports > Exports of goods and services > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Exports of goods and services (constant 2000 US$). Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Government spending: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars."
Net current transfers from abroad > Constant LCU: Current transfers comprise transfers of income between residents of the reporting country and the rest of the world that carry no provisions for repayment. Net current transfers from abroad is equal to the unrequited transfers of income from nonresidents to residents minus the unrequited transfers from residents to nonresidents. Data are in constant local currency.
Foreign direct investment > Net inflows > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows in the reporting economy. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP > Current LCU: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current local currency.
High-technology > Exports > Current US$ > Per capita: High-technology exports are products with high research and development intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery. Data are in current U.S. dollars." Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Agriculture: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by sector of origin, which shows where production takes place in an economy. The distribution gives the percentage contribution of agriculture, industry, and services to total GDP, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not produce material goods.
Savings > Gross domestic savings > Current US$ per capita: Gross domestic savings (current US$). Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Net barter terms of trade: Net barter terms of trade are the ratio of the export price index to the corresponding import price index measured relative to the base year 2000.
2000 = 100
Tax > Tax payments > Number: Tax payments (number). Tax payments by businesses are the total number of taxes paid by businesses, including electronic filing. The tax is counted as paid once a year even if payments are more frequent.
Real interest rate: Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator.
Royalty and license fees > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Royalty and license fees are payments and receipts between residents and nonresidents for the authorized use of intangible, nonproduced, nonfinancial assets and proprietary rights (such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial processes, and franchises) and for the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals of prototypes (such as films and manuscripts). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 million $ gross domestic product.
Gross domestic savings: Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Inflation: Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used."
Poverty > Gap at $1 a day > PPP: Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence. Data showing as 0.5 signifies a poverty gap of less than 0.5 percent.
Outbound tourist spending: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These expenditures may include those by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include expenditures for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Income > GNI per capita, PPP > Current international $: GNI per capita, PPP (current international $). GNI per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GNI is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
Income > GNI, PPP > Current international $ per capita: GNI, PPP (current international $). PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP > By type of expenditure > Household consumption expenditure per capita: GDP by Type of Expenditure at current prices - US dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: This entry gives the dollar value for the stock of all financial assets that are available to the central monetary authority for use in meeting a country's balance of payments needs as of the end-date of the period specified. This category includes not only foreign currency and gold, but also a country's holdings of Special Drawing Rights in the International Monetary Fund, and its reserve position in the Fund.
Big Mac Index > Per $ GDP: Price of a McDonald's Big Mac in US Dollars at current exchange rates. January 12th, 2006. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 14.1 billion $ gross domestic product.
Size of economy > GDP > GDP growth: GDP growth (annual %).
GDP > Constant 2000 US$: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2000 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Individual > On income exceeding > US$: Highest marginal tax rate (individual rate) is the highest rate shown on the schedule of tax rates applied to the taxable income of individuals. This series presents the income levels for individuals above which the highest marginal tax rates levied at the national level apply.
Debt service: Total debt service (% of exports of goods and services). Total debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term debt, interest paid on short-term debt, and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the IMF. Exports of goods and services includes income and workers' remittances.
International tourism > Expenditures > Current US$ per capita: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These may include expenditures by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Purchasing power parity conversion factor > LCU per international $: Purchasing power parity conversion factor is the number of units of a country's currency required to buy the same amounts of goods and services in the domestic market as U.S. dollar would buy in the United States.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number: Micro, small, and medium-size enterprises are business that may be defined by the number of employees. There is no international standard definition of firm size; however, many institutions that collect information use the following size categories: micro enterprises have 0-9 employees, small enterprises have 10-49 employees, and medium-size enterprises have 50-249 employees.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Household consumption: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
imports of goods and ...
Full definition.
Current transfers > Receipts > BoP > Current US$: Current transfers (receipts) are recorded in the balance of payments whenever an economy receives goods, services, income, or financial items without a quid pro quo. All transfers not considered to be capital are current. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Innovation > Patent applications, residents per million: Patent applications, residents. Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Tax > Taxes on income, profits and capital gains > Current LCU: Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (current LCU). Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation.
Debt > Net current transfers from abroad > Current LCU: Net current transfers from abroad (current LCU). Current transfers comprise transfers of income between residents of the reporting country and the rest of the world that carry no provisions for repayment. Net current transfers from abroad is equal to the unrequited transfers of income from nonresidents to residents minus the unrequited transfers from residents to nonresidents. Data are in current local currency.
Debt > Government debt > Net government debt, share of GDP: Net government debt as % of GDP (IMF).
Saving rate: ""Saving rate"" or gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers."
GDP > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ per capita: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
International tourism > Number of departures: International outbound tourists are the number of departures that people make from their country of usual residence to any other country for any purpose other than a remunerated activity in the country visited.
Net income > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita: Net income refers to receipts and payments of employee compensation paid to nonresident workers and investment income (receipts and payments on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Income derived from the use of intangible assets is recorded under business services. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Poverty and inequality > Poorest's share in national income or consumption: Percentage of country's total income or consumption that belongs to the poorest 5% of its citizens.
Debt > Net foreign assets > Current LCU per capita: Net foreign assets (current LCU). Net foreign assets are the sum of foreign assets held by monetary authorities and deposit money banks, less their foreign liabilities. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Tax > GDP > Current LCU: GDP (current LCU). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current local currency.
Tax > Average time to clear customs > Days: Average time to clear customs is the number of days to clear an imported good through customs.
GDP > PPP per capita: Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in Millions of International Dollars, 2004. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Economic aid > Recipient: This entry, which is subject to major problems of definition and statistical coverage, refers to the net inflow of Official Development Finance (ODF) to recipient countries. The figure includes assistance from the World Bank, the IMF, and other international organizations and from individual nation donors. Formal commitments of aid are included in the data. Omitted from the data are grants by private organizations. Aid comes in various forms including outright grants and loans. The entry thus is the difference between new inflows and repayments.
GNI: GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Development > Human Development Index > Inequality adjusted: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
GDP > PPP: Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) in Millions of International Dollars, 2004.
Poverty > Share of all poor people: The percentage of the world's total poor who live in each nation. 'Poor' here is defined as lving below the global poverty line of US$1 per day.
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$: Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Companies > Listed domestic companies, total per million: Listed domestic companies, total. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. This indicator does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Tax > GDP > Current US$ per capita: GDP (current US$). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Trade > Exports to US: in US dollars. Jan 2003 - March 2003
Industrial production growth rate: This entry gives the annual percentage increase in industrial production (includes manufacturing, mining, and construction).
Purchasing power parity > GDP per capita > PPP > Current international $: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
World trade > Exports: Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture: This entry is derived from Economy > Labor force > By occupation, which lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by sector of occupation. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other economic activities that do not produce material goods. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete and may range from 99-101 percent due to rounding.
Additional details:
- Gibraltar: negligible (2013)
Bank capital to assets ratio: Bank capital to assets is the ratio of bank capital and reserves to total assets. Capital and reserves include funds contributed by owners, retained earnings, general and special reserves, provisions, and valuation adjustments. Capital includes tier 1 capital (paid-up shares and common stock), which is a common feature in all countries' banking systems, and total regulatory capital, which includes several specified types of subordinated debt instruments that need not be repaid if the funds are required to maintain minimum capital levels (these comprise tier 2 and tier 3 capital). Total assets include all nonfinancial and financial assets.
Labor force > By occupation > Services: This entry is derived from Economy > Labor force > By occupation, which lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by sector of occupation. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other economic activities that do not produce material goods. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete and may range from 99-101 percent due to rounding.
Companies > Stock market > Stocks traded, total value > Current US$ per capita: Stocks traded, total value (current US$). Stocks traded refers to the total value of shares traded during the period. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Lending interest rate: Lending interest rate is the rate charged by banks on loans to prime customers.
Industrial > Production growth rate: The annual percentage increase in industrial production (includes manufacturing, mining, and construction).
Tax > Taxes on income, profits and capital gains > Current LCU per capita: Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (current LCU). Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Poverty and inequality > Population below national poverty line > Total: Percentage of country's population that falls below its poverty line.
Tax > GDP per capita > Constant LCU: GDP per capita (constant LCU). GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure per capita > Constant 2000 US$: Household final consumption expenditure per capita (constant 2000 US$). Household final consumption expenditure per capita (private consumption per capita) is calculated using private consumption in constant 2005 prices and World Bank population estimates. Household final consumption expenditure is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
Income > GDP per capita, PPP > Current international $: GDP per capita, PPP (current international $). GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
Debt > Interest rates > Central bank discount rate: Compares the annualized interest rate set by centrals banks over loans requested by commercial banks to meet temporary shortages of funds. Through these loans, central banks can influence the commercial banks' interest rates as a tool of monetary policy. Usually their interest rates are lower than the ones offered by commercial banks, which lend it at a higher rate to make their profit.
Technological achievement: Technology Achievement Index
Units: Score
Currency > Real effective exchange rate index > 2005 = 100: Real effective exchange rate index (2005 = 100). Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costs.
Net domestic credit > Current LCU: Net domestic credit is the sum of net credit to the nonfinancial public sector, credit to the private sector, and other accounts. Data are in current local currency.
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ per capita: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP > By type of expenditure > Household consumption expenditure: GDP by Type of Expenditure at current prices - US dollars.
Retail > Gross value added by wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels per capita: Gross Value Added by Kind of Economic Activity at current prices - US dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Household spending per capita: Household final consumption expenditure per capita (private consumption per capita) is calculated using private consumption in constant 2000 prices and World Bank population estimates. Household final consumption expenditure is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars."
Companies > Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$: Market capitalization of listed companies (current US$). Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Current account balance > BoP > Current US$: Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods, services, net income, and net current transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Trade > Imports: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
Currency > Real effective exchange rate index: Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costs.
2000 = 100
Currency > Official exchange rate > LCU per US$ > Period average: Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).
Oil > Exports: This entry is the total oil exported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products.
Additional details:
- Bahamas, The: transshipments of 41,570 bbl/day (2007)
- Bahamas, The: transshipments of 41,610 bbl/day (2009)
GDP > CIA Factbook per capita: . Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Exports of goods and services: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
imports of goods and ...
Full definition .
Purchasing power parity > GNI per capita > PPP > Current international $: GNI per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GNI is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
Income > Health expenditure per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Health expenditure per capita, PPP (constant 2005 international $). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in international dollars converted using 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) rates.
Tax > GDP > Current LCU per capita: GDP (current LCU). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (current US$). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Debt > Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong per million: Strength of legal rights index (0=weak to 10=strong). Strength of legal rights index measures the degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders and thus facilitate lending. The index ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating that these laws are better designed to expand access to credit. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Oil > Production: This entry is the total oil produced in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors.
Economy growth: Measures growth in the economy or ""economy growth"". Annual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources."
Trade > Exports > Exports of goods and services: GDP by Type of Expenditure at current prices - US dollars.
Purchasing power parity > Gross domestic product per capita > PPP: GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
Trade > Export value index: Export values are from UNCTAD's value indexes or from current values of merchandise exports.
2000 = 100
Debt > Interest payments > Current LCU: Interest payments (current LCU). Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents.
Innovation: Innovation
Units: Unitless Scale
Electricity > Consumption per capita: This entry consists of total electricity generated annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding. Listed domestic companies are the domestically incorporated companies listed on the country's stock exchanges at the end of the year. Listed companies does not include investment companies, mutual funds, or other collective investment vehicles. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
GDP > CIA Factbook > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Household spending: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars."
Income > Household final consumption expenditure, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure, PPP (constant 2005 international $). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are converted to constant 2005 international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Government consumption: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
imports of goods and ...
Full definition
GDP > Per $ GDP: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure, etc. > Current US$: Household final consumption expenditure, etc. (current US$). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This item also includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Bank and trade-related lending > PPG + PNG > NFL > Current US$ per capita: Bank and trade-related lending covers commercial bank lending and other private credits. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Entrepreneurship > Starting a Business > Index ranking: Doing Business records all generic procedures that are officially required for an entrepreneur to start up and operate an industrial or commercial business. These include obtaining all necessary licenses and permits and completing any required notifications, verifications or inscriptions with relevant authorities. After a study of laws, regulations and publicly available information on business entry, a detailed list of procedures, time, cost and paid-in minimum capital requirements is developed. Subsequently, local incorporation lawyers and government officials complete and verify the data on applicable procedures, the time and cost of complying with each procedure under normal circumstances and the paid-in minimum capital. On average 4 law firms participate in each country. Information is also collected on the sequence in which procedures are to be completed and whether procedures may be carried out simultaneously. It is assumed that any required information is readily available and that all government and nongovernment agencies involved in the start-up process function efficiently and without corruption. If answers by local experts differ, inquiries continue until the data are reconciled. NOTE: This is a ranking derived from several indicators, 1 being the best (ranked first). The higher the number on this graph, the lower their overall ranking. Invert this graph by clicking on 'Amount' at the top. Consult source for details on methodology.
GDP > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2000 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GNI > Current US$ per capita: GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Gross domestic savings > Current US$: Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Trade > Exports: The total US dollar amount of exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis.
Purchasing power parity > GDP > PPP > Current international $: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
Gross national expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment). Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Entrepreneurship > Hiring and Firing > Index ranking: Every economy has established a complex system of laws and institutions intended to protect the interests of workers and to guarantee a minimum standard of living for its population. The OECD Job Study and the International Encyclopedia for Labour Law and Industrial Relations identify 4 areas subject to statutory regulation in all countries: employment, social security, industrial relations and occupational health and safety. Doing Business focuses on the regulation of employment, specifically the hiring and firing of workers and the rigidity of working hours. This year data on social security payments by the employer and pension benefits, including the mandatory retirement age, have been added. The data on hiring and firing workers are based on a detailed survey of employment and social security regulations. The survey is completed by local law firms. The employment laws of most countries are available online in the NATLEX database, published by the International Labour Organization. In all cases both actual laws and secondary sources are used to ensure accuracy. Conflicting answers are further checked against 2 additional sources, including a local legal treatise on employment regulation. NOTE: This is a ranking derived from several indicators, 1 being the best (ranked first). The higher the number on this graph, the lower their overall ranking. Invert this graph by clicking on 'Amount' at the top. Consult source for details on methodology.
Income > GDP, PPP > Current international $ per capita: GDP, PPP (current international $). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Total > Reserves in months of imports: Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. This item shows reserves expressed in terms of the number of months of imports of goods and services which could be paid for.
Imports > Commodities: This entry provides a listing of the highest-valued imported products; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
Debt > Banks > Automated teller machines > ATMs > Per 100,000 adults: Automated teller machines (ATMs) (per 100,000 adults). Automated teller machines are computerized telecommunications devices that provide clients of a financial institution with access to financial transactions in a public place.
Inflation > Consumer price index > 2005 = 100: Consumer price index (2005 = 100). Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.
Gross domestic savings > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
GDP > Constant LCU: GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.
Poverty and inequality > Inequality adjusted income index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Trade > Export growth: Annual growth rate of exports of goods and services based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments."
Welfare > Social contributions > Current LCU: Social contributions (current LCU). Social contributions include social security contributions by employees, employers, and self-employed individuals, and other contributions whose source cannot be determined. They also include actual or imputed contributions to social insurance schemes operated by governments.
Welfare > Revenue, excluding grants > Current LCU: Revenue, excluding grants (current LCU). Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales. Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here.
Labor force per thousand people: This entry contains the total labor force figure. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Trade > Imports > Imports of goods and services: GDP by Type of Expenditure at current prices - US dollars.
GDP > Median household income (PPP): Median Household Income $PPP.
Debt > Government debt > Net government debt, share of GDP per million people: Net government debt as % of GDP (IMF). Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Household final > Consumption expenditure per capita > Constant 2000 US$: Household final consumption expenditure per capita (private consumption per capita) is calculated using private consumption in constant 2000 prices and World Bank population estimates. Household final consumption expenditure is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
Public institution index: Public institution index indicates the state of the country's public institutions.
GNI > Atlas method > Current US$ per capita: GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro Zone, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Income > Household final consumption expenditure, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Household final consumption expenditure, PPP (constant 2005 international $). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are converted to constant 2005 international dollars using purchasing power parity rates.
Income > GNI, PPP > Current international $: GNI, PPP (current international $). PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
Income > GDP, PPP > Current international $: GDP, PPP (current international $). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars.
Currency > Monetary unit: Country currency.
Budget > Expenditures > Per $ GDP: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Taxes and other revenues: This entry records total taxes and other revenues received by the national government during the time period indicated, expressed as a percent of GDP. Taxes include personal and corporate income taxes, value added taxes, excise taxes, and tariffs. Other revenues include social contributions - such as payments for social security and hospital insurance - grants, and net revenues from public enterprises. Normalizing the data, by dividing total revenues by GDP, enables easy comparisons across countries, and provides an average rate at which all income (GDP) is paid to the national level government for the supply of public goods and services.
Balance of payments > Current account > Goods > Services and income > Exports > Goods and services > Current U: Exports of goods and services comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from residents to nonresidents of general merchandise, goods sent for processing and repairs, nonmonetary gold, and services. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Balance of payments > Current account > Balances > Current account balance > Current US$: Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods, services, net income, and net current transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Balance of payments > Financial > Reserves: Changes in net reserves is the net change in a country's holdings of international reserves resulting from transactions on the current, capital, and financial accounts. These include changes in holdings of monetary gold, SDRs, foreign exchange assets, reserve position in the International Monetary Fund, and other claims on nonresidents that are available to the central authority. The measure is net of liabilities constituting foreign authorities' reserves, and counterpart items for valuation changes and exceptional financing items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Debt > External debt stocks per capita: External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$). Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Oil > Proved reserves: This entry is the stock of proved reserves of crude oil in barrels (bbl). Proved reserves are those quantities of petroleum which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions.
Companies > Ease of doing business index > 1=most business-friendly regulations: Ease of doing business index (1=most business-friendly regulations). Ease of doing business ranks economies from 1 to 189, with first place being the best. A high ranking (a low numerical rank) means that the regulatory environment is conducive to business operation. The index averages the country's percentile rankings on 10 topics covered in the World Bank's Doing Business. The ranking on each topic is the simple average of the percentile rankings on its component indicators.
Natural gas > Production: This entry is the total natural gas produced in cubic meters (cu m). The discrepancy between the amount of natural gas produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes and other complicating factors.
GDP deflator: The GDP implicit deflator is the ratio of GDP in current local currency to GDP in constant local currency. The base year varies by country.
Oil > Consumption: This entry is the total oil consumed in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors.
Poverty > Gap at $2 a day > PPP: Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence. Data showing as 0.5 signifies a poverty gap of less than 0.5 percent.
Tourism > International tourism, receipts > Current US$: International tourism, receipts (current US$). International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Electricity > Consumption: This entry consists of total electricity generated annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution.
Spending > Final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Final consumption expenditure (constant 2000 US$). Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption). Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Currency > GDP > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: GDP (constant 2000 US$). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2000 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Tax > GDP > Current US$: GDP (current US$). GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
Portfolio investment > Excluding LCFAR > BoP > Current US$: Portfolio investment excluding liabilities constituting foreign authorities' reserves covers transactions in equity securities and debt securities. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Net trade in goods and services > BoP > Current US$: Net trade in goods and services is derived by offsetting imports of goods and services against exports of goods and services. Exports and imports of goods and services comprise all transactions involving a change of ownership of goods and services between residents of one country and the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Budget > Expenditures > Per capita: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Investment in inventories: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
imports of goods and ...
Full definition
Bank and trade-related lending > PPG + PNG > NFL > Current US$: Bank and trade-related lending covers commercial bank lending and other private credits. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Trade > Exports > By good > Chocolate cocoa preparations: Exports of Chocolate/cocoa preparations, by country, in thousands USD
Purchasing power parity > GNI > PPP > Current international $: PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income (GNI) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
Debt > External > Per $ GDP: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
Government > Revenue > Tax > Maximum tax rate for individuals: Individual (max).
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

Mexico had range specified: 29%-3%
GNI > PPP > Current international $: PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income (GNI) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current international dollars.
Trade > With US > US imports of bauxite and aluminum per 1000: US imports of bauxite and aluminum, USD Thousands, 2004. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
High-technology > Exports > Current US$: High-technology exports are products with high research and development intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Oil > Exports per thousand people: This entry is the total oil exported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products.
Additional details:
- Bahamas, The: transshipments of 41,570 bbl/day (2007)
- Bahamas, The: transshipments of 41,610 bbl/day (2009)
. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Final > Consumption expenditure > Etc. > Current US$: Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (general government consumption). This estimate includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
GDP > Constant 2000 US$ > Per capita: GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2000 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Deposit interest rate: Deposit interest rate is the rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits.
Gross National Income > Constant LCU: Gross national income is derived as the sum of GNP and the terms of trade adjustment. Data are in constant local currency.
National accounts > US$ at constant 2000 prices > Aggregate indicators > GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$: GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant U.S. dollars.
Income > GDP per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2005 international $). GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
Scientific and technical journals > Articles published: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences."
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita: Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Goods imports > BoP > Current US$: Goods imports refer to all movable goods (including nonmonetary gold) involved in a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents. The category includes goods previously included in services: goods received or sent for processing and their subsequent export or import in the form of processed goods, repairs on goods, and goods procured in ports by carriers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Net income > BoP > Current US$: Net income refers to receipts and payments of employee compensation paid to nonresident workers and investment income (receipts and payments on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Income derived from the use of intangible assets is recorded under business services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
GDP per unit of energy use: GDP per unit of energy use is the PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2000 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
Oil > Consumption per thousand people: This entry is the total oil consumed in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Budget > Revenues > Per $ GDP: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Economic aid > Recipient per capita: This entry, which is subject to major problems of definition and statistical coverage, refers to the net inflow of Official Development Finance (ODF) to recipient countries. The figure includes assistance from the World Bank, the IMF, and other international organizations and from individual nation donors. Formal commitments of aid are included in the data. Omitted from the data are grants by private organizations. Aid comes in various forms including outright grants and loans. The entry thus is the difference between new inflows and repayments. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Natural gas > Production per capita: This entry is the total natural gas produced in cubic meters (cu m). The discrepancy between the amount of natural gas produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
International tourism > Expenditures for travel items > Current US$: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These may include expenditures by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Researchers in RandD > Per million people: Researchers in R&D are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods, or systems and in the management of the projects concerned. Postgraduate PhD students (ISCED97 level 6) engaged in R&D are included.
Innovation > Research and development personnel > By sector > Business enterprise sector per thousand people: Total number of researchers employed by private for-profit enterprises. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Government spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU per capita: Subsidies and other transfers (current LCU). Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organizations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Government spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU: Subsidies and other transfers (current LCU). Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organizations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind.
Tax > Taxes on international trade > Current LCU: Taxes on international trade (current LCU). Taxes on international trade include import duties, export duties, profits of export or import monopolies, exchange profits, and exchange taxes.
Currency > DEC alternative conversion factor > LCU per US$: The DEC alternative conversion factor is the underlying annual exchange rate used for the World Bank Atlas method. As a rule, it is the official exchange rate reported in the IMF's International Financial Statistics (line rf). Exceptions arise where further refinements are made by World Bank staff. It is expressed in local currency units per U.S. dollar.
Labor force > By occupation > Industry: This entry is derived from Economy > Labor force > By occupation, which lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by sector of occupation. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other economic activities that do not produce material goods. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete and may range from 99-101 percent due to rounding.
Stocks traded > Total value > Current US$: Stocks traded refers to the total value of shares traded during the period.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Investment in fixed capital: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by end use, which shows who does the spending in an economy: consumers, businesses, government, and foreigners. The distribution gives the percentage contribution to total GDP of household consumption, government consumption, investment in fixed capital, investment in inventories, exports of goods and services, and imports of goods and services, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete.
household consumption consists of expenditures by resident households, and by nonprofit institutions that serve households, on goods and services that are consumed by individuals. This includes consumption of both domestically produced and foreign goods and services.
government consumption consists of government expenditures on goods and services. These figures exclude government transfer payments, such as interest on debt, unemployment, and social security, since such payments are not made in exchange for goods and services supplied.
investment in fixed capital consists of total business spending on fixed assets, such as factories, machinery, equipment, dwellings, and inventories of raw materials, which provide the basis for future production. It is measured gross of the depreciation of the assets, i.e., it includes investment that merely replaces worn-out or scrapped capital. Earlier editions of The World Factbook referred to this concept as Investment (gross fixed) and that data now have been moved to this new field.
investment in inventories consists of net changes to the stock of outputs that are still held by the units that produce them, awaiting further sale to an end user, such as automobiles sitting on a dealer’s lot or groceries on the store shelves. This figure may be positive or negative. If the stock of unsold output increases during the relevant time period, investment in inventories is positive, but, if the stock of unsold goods declines, it will be negative. Investment in inventories normally is an early indicator of the state of the economy. If the stock of unsold items increases unexpectedly – because people stop buying - the economy may be entering a recession; but if the stock of unsold items falls - and goods "go flying off the shelves" - businesses normally try to replace those stocks, and the economy is likely to accelerate.
exports of goods and services consist of sales, barter, gifts, or grants of goods and services from residents to nonresidents.
imports of goods and ...
Full definition.
Trade > Exports > Goods and services: Exports of goods and services as a % of GDP, 2000
Royalty and license fees > Payments > BoP > Current US$: Royalty and license fees are payments and receipts between residents and nonresidents for the authorized use of intangible, nonproduced, nonfinancial assets and proprietary rights (such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial processes, and franchises) and for the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals of prototypes (such as films and manuscripts). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$: Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Trade > Imports > Goods and services > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Imports of goods and services comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents of general merchandise, goods sent for processing and repairs, nonmonetary gold, and services. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Portfolio investment > Bonds > PPG + PNG > NFL > Current US$: Portfolio bond investment consists of bond issues purchased by foreign investors. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Stock of direct foreign investment > At home per capita: This entry gives the cumulative US dollar value of all investments in the home country made directly by residents - primarily companies - of other countries as of the end of the time period indicated. Direct investment excludes investment through purchase of shares. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (constant 2000 US$). Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Spending > Final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$: Final consumption expenditure (constant 2000 US$). Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption). Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
Reserves > Total reserves minus gold > Current US$: Total reserves minus gold (current US$). Total reserves minus gold comprise special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. Gold holdings are excluded. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Savings > Gross domestic savings > Current US$: Gross domestic savings (current US$). Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Trade > Exports > Goods: Goods imports refer to all movable goods (including nonmonetary gold) involved in a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents. The category includes goods previously included in services: goods received or sent for processing and their subsequent export or import in the form of processed goods, repairs on goods, and goods procured in ports by carriers. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
World Bank exchange rate: The DEC alternative conversion factor is the underlying annual exchange rate used for the World Bank Atlas method. As a rule, it is the official exchange rate reported in the IMF's International Financial Statistics (line rf). Exceptions arise where further refinements are made by World Bank staff. It is expressed in local currency units per U.S. dollar."
Balance of payments > Current account > Balances > Net trade in goods > US$: Net trade in goods is the difference between exports and imports of goods. The category includes goods previously included in services: goods received or sent for processing and their subsequent export or import in the form of processed goods, repairs on goods, and goods procured in ports by carriers. Trade in services is not included. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Financial sector > Exchange rates and prices > GDP deflator > Base year varies by country: The GDP implicit deflator is the ratio of GDP in current local currency to GDP in constant local currency. The base year varies by country.
Electricity > Production: This entry is the annual electricity generated expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution.
Private investment > Telecommunications: Investment in telecom projects with private participation covers infrastructure projects in telecommunications that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets are excluded. The types of projects included are operations and management contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure, greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility), and divestitures. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernisation of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Electricity > Imports per capita: This entry is the total imported electricity in kilowatt-hours. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP growth > Duration 1980-2000: Gross domestic product GDP growth rate from 1980 to 2000
Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ per capita: Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Gross national expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Foreign aid > Net Foreign aid received > Current US$: Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Foreign aid > From Switzerland: Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and Commission of the European Communities. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Foreign aid > From United States: Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and Commission of the European Communities. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Foreign aid > International assistance received per capita: Net official development assistance (ODA) per capita consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients; and is calculated by dividing net ODA received by the midyear population estimate. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Patent applications > Residents: Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years."
GNI > Atlas method > Current US$ > Per capita: GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro Zone, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Income > GNI per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: GNI per capita, PPP (constant 2005 international $). GNI per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GNI is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
Income > GDP, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ per capita: GDP, PPP (constant 2005 international $). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Income > GNI, PPP > Constant 2005 international $: GNI, PPP (constant 2005 international $). PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$: International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Terms of trade: Terms of trade (1980 = 100) 1999. The ratio of the export price index to the import price index measured relative to the base year 1980. A value of more than 100 implies that the price of exports has risen relative to the price of imports.
Oil > Production per thousand people: This entry is the total oil produced in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Gross savings > Current US$ per capita: Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Innovation > Patent applications, residents: Patent applications, residents. Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years.
Innovation > Patent applications, nonresidents per million: Patent applications, nonresidents. Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Trade > Exports > Export growth in USD: Export values are the current value of exports (f.o.b.) converted to U.S. dollars and expressed as a percentage of the average for the base period (2000). UNCTAD's export value indexes are reported for most economies. For selected economies for which UNCTAD does not publish data, the export value indexes are derived from export volume indexes (line 72) and corresponding unit value indexes of exports (line 74) in the IMF's International Financial Statistics."
Trade > Imports > By good > Silver platinum etc: Imports of Silver/platinum etc, by country, in thousands USD
IBRD loans and IDA credits > PPG DOD > Current US$: IBRD loans and IDA credits are extended by the World Bank Group. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) lends at market rates. Credits from the International Development Association (IDA) are at concessional rates. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Innovation > Scientific and technical journal articles: Scientific and technical journal articles. Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
GDP > PPP > Current international $ per capita: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Welfare > Revenue, excluding grants > Current LCU per capita: Revenue, excluding grants (current LCU). Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales. Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Poverty and inequality > Population below national poverty line > Urban: Percentage of country's population that lives in urban poverty. The poverty line is determined by each country separately.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number per 1000: Micro, small, and medium-size enterprises are business that may be defined by the number of employees. There is no international standard definition of firm size; however, many institutions that collect information use the following size categories: micro enterprises have 0-9 employees, small enterprises have 10-49 employees, and medium-size enterprises have 50-249 employees. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Transnational corporations > Affiliates: Number of foreign affiliates to transnational corporations
Tax > Customs and other import duties > Current LCU: Customs and other import duties are all levies collected on goods that are entering the country or services delivered by nonresidents to residents. They include levies imposed for revenue or protection purposes and determined on a specific or ad valorem basis as long as they are restricted to imported goods or services.
Tax > Taxes on income > Profits and capital gains > Current LCU: Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation."
Tax > Social security contributions: Social contributions include social security contributions by employees, employers, and self-employed individuals, and other contributions whose source cannot be determined. They also include actual or imputed contributions to social insurance schemes operated by governments."
Imports > Partners: This entry provides a rank ordering of trading partners starting with the most important; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
Oil > Imports per thousand people: This entry is the total oil imported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Oil > Imports: This entry is the total oil imported in barrels per day (bbl/day), including both crude oil and oil products.
Electricity > Production per capita: This entry is the annual electricity generated expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
GDP growth > Duration 1975-2000: GDP per capita annual growth rate (%) from 1975 to 2000
Trade > Imports > By good > Passenger cars etc: Imports of Passenger cars etc, by country, in thousands USD
Poverty > Poverty gap at urban poverty line: Poverty gap at urban poverty line is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall) as a percentage of
Trade balance with US: In US dollars. Jan 2003 - March 2003
Services > Etc. > Value added > Constant 2000 US$: Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Trade > Exports > Goods and services > Constant 2000 US$: Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude labor and property income (formerly called factor services) as well as transfer payments. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
Merchandise > Exports > Current US$: Merchandise exports show the f.o.b. value of goods provided to the rest of the world valued in U.S. dollars. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$: Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Gross national expenditure > Constant 2000 US$: Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment). Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Etc. > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This item also includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita: Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Poverty > Population under $1 a day > Per $ GDP: Population below line - proportion receiving less than $1 per day in income (purchasing power parity). Data from most recent available between the period 1983 to 2000. Per $ GDP figures expressed per $10 million of Gross Domestic Product.
Tax > Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours: Time to prepare and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes and social security contributions."
Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Net errors and omissions > Adjusted > BoP > Current US$: Net errors and omissions constitute a residual category needed to ensure that all debit and credit entries in the balance of payments statement sum to zero. In the International Financial Statistics presentation, this is equal to the difference between reserves and related items and the sum of the balances of the current, capital, and financial accounts. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Financial sector > Monetary holdings > Liabilities > Money and quasi money > M2 > Current LCU: Money and quasi money comprise the sum of currency outside banks, demand deposits other than those of the central government, and the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government. This definition of money supply is frequently called M2; it corresponds to lines 34 and 35 in the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) International Financial Statistics (IFS). Data are in current local currency."
Balance of payments > Current account > Goods > Services and income > Exports of goods > Services > Income and wo: Exports of goods and services are the total value of goods and services exported as well as income and workers' remittances received. Workers' remittances include compensation of employees. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Commercial service imports > Current US$: Commercial service imports are total service imports minus imports of government services not included elsewhere. International transactions in services are defined by the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (1993) as the economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred, and consumed at the same time. Definitions may vary among reporting economies.
Trade > Imports of goods > Services and income > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Imports of goods, services and income is the sum of goods (merchandise) imports, imports of (nonfactor) services and income (factor) payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1,000 $ gross domestic product.
Net income > BoP > Current US$ per million: Net income refers to receipts and payments of employee compensation paid to nonresident workers and investment income (receipts and payments on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Income derived from the use of intangible assets is recorded under business services. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Royalty and license fees > Payments > BoP > Current US$ per capita: Royalty and license fees are payments and receipts between residents and nonresidents for the authorized use of intangible, nonproduced, nonfinancial assets and proprietary rights (such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial processes, and franchises) and for the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals of prototypes (such as films and manuscripts). Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Commercial service imports > Current US$ > Per capita: Commercial service imports are total service imports minus imports of government services not included elsewhere. International transactions in services are defined by the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (1993) as the economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred, and consumed at the same time. Definitions may vary among reporting economies. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Natural gas > Proved reserves per capita: This entry is the stock of proved reserves of natural gas in cubic meters (cu m). Proved reserves are those quantities of natural gas, which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Natural gas > Proved reserves: This entry is the stock of proved reserves of natural gas in cubic meters (cu m). Proved reserves are those quantities of natural gas, which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated with a high degree of confidence to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions.
Natural gas > Consumption: This entry is the total natural gas consumed in cubic meters (cu m). The discrepancy between the amount of natural gas produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes and other complicating factors.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Per 1,000 people: Micro, small, and medium-size enterprises are business that may be defined by the number of employees. There is no international standard definition of firm size; however, many institutions that collect information use the following size categories: micro enterprises have 0-9 employees, small enterprises have 10-49 employees, and medium-size enterprises have 50-249 employees.
Public and publicly guaranteed debt service > TDS > Current US$: Public and publicly guaranteed debt service (PPG) is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term obligations of public debtors and long-term private obligations guaranteed by a public entity. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
External debt > Debt outstanding > Use of IMF credit > DOD > Current US$: Use of IMF credit denotes members' drawings on the IMF other than those drawn against the country's reserve tranche position. Use of IMF credit includes purchases and drawings under Stand-By, Extended, Structural Adjustment, Enhanced Structural Adjustment, and Systemic Transformation Facility Arrangements, together with Trust Fund loans. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Foreign direct investment > Net inflows in reporting econ: Foreign direct investment (net) shows the net change in foreign investment in the reporting country. Foreign direct investment is defined as investment that is made to acquire a lasting management interest (usually of 10 percent of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in a country other than that of the investor (defined according to residency), the investor's purpose being an effective voice in the management of the enterprise. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows in the reporting economy. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Tourism > International tourism, expenditures > Current US$: International tourism, expenditures (current US$). International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These expenditures may include those by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include expenditures for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Tourism > International tourism, number of departures: International tourism, number of departures. International outbound tourists are the number of departures that people make from their country of usual residence to any other country for any purpose other than a remunerated activity in the country visited. The data on outbound tourists refer to the number of departures, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips from a country during a given period is counted each time as a new departure.
Tourism > International tourism, receipts for travel items > Current US$ per capita: International tourism, receipts for travel items (current US$). International tourism receipts for travel items are expenditures by international inbound visitors in the reporting economy. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Companies > Ease of doing business index > 1=most business-friendly regulations per million: Ease of doing business index (1=most business-friendly regulations). Ease of doing business ranks economies from 1 to 189, with first place being the best. A high ranking (a low numerical rank) means that the regulatory environment is conducive to business operation. The index averages the country's percentile rankings on 10 topics covered in the World Bank's Doing Business. The ranking on each topic is the simple average of the percentile rankings on its component indicators. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
International tourism > Receipts for travel items > Current US$: International tourism receipts for travel items are expenditures by international inbound visitors in the reporting economy. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Tourism receipts > International > Per $ GDP: Per $ GDP figures expressed per $1,000 gross domestic product
Trade > Tariffs > Binding coverage > All products: Binding coverage is the percentage of product lines with an agreed bound rate. Bound rates result from trade negotiations incorporated into a country's schedule of concessions and are thus enforceable.
GDP > PPP > Current international $ > Per capita: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current international dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
GDP > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ > Per capita: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2000 international dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Financial sector > Interest rates > Interest rate spread > Lending rate minus deposit rate: Interest rate spread is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to prime customers minus the interest rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits."
Foreign aid > From European Commission: Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and Commission of the European Communities. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
International tourism > Expenditures > Current US$: International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These may include expenditures by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Trade > Exports > Per $ GDP: The total US dollar amount of exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
Tax > Tax payments > Number per million: Tax payments (number). Tax payments by businesses are the total number of taxes paid by businesses, including electronic filing. The tax is counted as paid once a year even if payments are more frequent. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Purchasing power parity > GDP > PPP > Constant 2005 international $: PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 international dollars.
Trade > Exports > Export growth: Export volume indexes are derived from UNCTAD's volume index series and are the ratio of the export value indexes to the corresponding unit value indexes. Unit value indexes are based on data reported by countries that demonstrate consistency under UNCTAD quality controls, supplemented by UNCTAD's estimates using the previous year's trade values at the Standard International Trade Classification three-digit level as weights. For economies for which UNCTAD does not publish data, the export volume indexes (lines 72) in the IMF's International Financial Statistics are used."
Purchasing power parity > PPP conversion factor > Private > Consumption > LCU per international $: Purchasing power parity conversion factor is the number of units of a country's currency required to buy the same amounts of goods and services in the domestic market as U.S. dollar would buy in the United States. This conversion factor is for private consumption (i.e., household final consumption expenditure)."
Trade > Exports > By good > Perfume toilet cosmetics: Exports of Perfume/toilet/cosmetics, by country, in thousands USD

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STAT	Costa Rica	Uruguay
Budget > Revenues	$6.51 billion Ranked 95th.	$14.25 billion Ranked 75th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Budget surplus > + or deficit > -	-4.5% of GDP Ranked 135th. 61% more than Uruguay	-2.8% of GDP Ranked 94th.
Debt > Government debt > Public debt, share of GDP	47.4 CIA Ranked 72nd.	57.2 CIA Ranked 49th. 21% more than Costa Rica
Overview	Prior to the global economic crisis, Costa Rica enjoyed stable economic growth. The economy contracted 1.3% in 2009 but resumed growth at about 4.5% per year in 2010-12. While the traditional agricultural exports of bananas, coffee, sugar, and beef are still the backbone of commodity export trade, a variety of industrial and specialized agricultural products have broadened export trade in recent years. High value-added goods and services, including microchips, have further bolstered exports. Tourism continues to bring in foreign exchange, as Costa Rica's impressive biodiversity makes it a key destination for ecotourism. Foreign investors remain attracted by the country's political stability and relatively high education levels, as well as the incentives offered in the free-trade zones; and Costa Rica has attracted one of the highest levels of foreign direct investment per capita in Latin America. However, many business impediments remain, such as high levels of bureaucracy, legal uncertainty due to overlapping and at times conflicting responsibilities between agencies, difficulty of enforcing contracts, and weak investor protection. Poverty has remained around 20-25% for nearly 20 years, and the strong social safety net that had been put into place by the government has eroded due to increased financial constraints on government expenditures. Unlike the rest of Central America, Costa Rica is not highly dependent on remittances as they only represent about 2% of GDP. Immigration from Nicaragua has increasingly become a concern for the government. The estimated 300,000-500,000 Nicaraguans in Costa Rica legally and illegally are an important source of mostly unskilled labor but also place heavy demands on the social welfare system. The US-Central American-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) entered into force on 1 January 2009 after significant delays within the Costa Rican legislature. CAFTA-DR has increased foreign direct investment in key sectors of the economy, including the insurance and telecommunications sectors recently opened to private investors. President CHINCHILLA was not able to gain legislative approval for fiscal reform, her top priority, though she continued to pursue fiscal reform in 2012. President CHINCHILLA and the PLN were successful in passing a tax on corporations to fund an increase for security services.	Uruguay has a free market economy characterized by an export-oriented agricultural sector, a well-educated work force, and high levels of social spending. Following financial difficulties in the late 1990s and early 2000s, economic growth for Uruguay averaged 8% annually during the period 2004-08. The 2008-09 global financial crisis put a brake on Uruguay's vigorous growth, which decelerated to 2.6% in 2009. Nevertheless, the country managed to avoid a recession and keep positive growth rates, mainly through higher public expenditure and investment, and GDP growth reached 8.9% in 2010 but fell to about 3.5% in 2012, the result of a renewed slowdown in the global economy and in Uruguay's main trade partners and Common Market of the South (Mercosur) counterparts, Argentina and Brazil. Uruguay has sought to expand trade within Mercosur and with non-Mercosur members. Uruguay''s total merchandise trade with Mercosur since 2006 has increased by nearly 70% to more than $5 billion while its total trade with the world has almost doubled to roughly $20 billion.
Exports	$11.44 billion Ranked 86th. 16% more than Uruguay	$9.89 billion Ranked 92nd.
GDP	$45.15 billion Ranked 75th.	$49.06 billion Ranked 72nd. 9% more than Costa Rica
GDP > Per capita	$11,296.06 per capita Ranked 33th.	$14,428.36 per capita Ranked 25th. 28% more than Costa Rica
GDP > Per capita > PPP	$12,500.00 Ranked 76th.	$15,900.00 Ranked 60th. 27% more than Costa Rica
GDP > Purchasing power parity per capita	$11,039.29 Ranked 75th.	$14,362.47 Ranked 60th. 30% more than Costa Rica
GDP per capita	$9,396.45 Ranked 63th.	$14,449.50 Ranked 42nd. 54% more than Costa Rica
Gross National Income	$15.72 billion Ranked 64th.	$19.19 billion Ranked 58th. 22% more than Costa Rica
Inflation rate > Consumer prices	4.5% Ranked 87th.	8.1% Ranked 38th. 80% more than Costa Rica
Population below poverty line	24.8% Ranked 16th. 33% more than Uruguay	18.6% Ranked 28th.
Public debt	51.9% of GDP Ranked 60th.	59.4% of GDP Ranked 44th. 14% more than Costa Rica
Unemployment rate	7.8% Ranked 53th. 30% more than Uruguay	6% Ranked 73th.
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Services	72.4% Ranked 39th. 1% more than Uruguay	71.8% Ranked 40th.
Exports per capita	$2,380.71 Ranked 73th.	$2,912.89 Ranked 67th. 22% more than Costa Rica
Distribution of family income > Gini index	50.3 Ranked 7th. 11% more than Uruguay	45.3 Ranked 9th.
Human Development Index	0.838 Ranked 47th.	0.84 Ranked 46th. About the same as Costa Rica
Tourist arrivals > Per capita	497.87 per 1,000 people Ranked 63th.	557.25 per 1,000 people Ranked 59th. 12% more than Costa Rica
GDP > Purchasing power parity	$58.55 billion Ranked 86th. 9% more than Uruguay	$53.63 billion Ranked 90th.
Currency > PPP conversion factor to official exchange rate ratio	0.45 Ranked 77th.	0.49 Ranked 68th. 9% more than Costa Rica
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
GDP > Composition by sector > Industry	21.1% Ranked 147th.	21.5% Ranked 143th. 2% more than Costa Rica
Currency > Official exchange rate > LCU per US$, period average	$502.90 Ranked 35th. 25 times more than Uruguay	$20.31 Ranked 76th.
Inequality > GINI index	48.91 Ranked 7th. 4% more than Uruguay	47.06 Ranked 9th.
Imports per capita	$3,485.74 Ranked 73th.	$3,610.92 Ranked 72nd. 4% more than Costa Rica
Gross National Income per capita	$3,915.62 Ranked 48th.	$5,768.19 Ranked 40th. 47% more than Costa Rica
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Individual rate	15% Ranked 71st.	25% Ranked 57th. 67% more than Costa Rica
Technology index	3.97 Ranked 54th. 1% more than Uruguay	3.92 Ranked 55th.
Development > Human Development Index	0.773 Ranked 62nd.	0.792 Ranked 51st. 2% more than Costa Rica
Population below poverty line > Per capita	3.65% per 1 million people Ranked 11th.	8.27% per 1 million people Ranked 5th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Big Mac Index	$2.38 Ranked 30th. 31% more than Uruguay	$1.82 Ranked 50th.
GDP > Per capita > PPP per thousand people	$2.60 Ranked 69th.	$4.68 Ranked 56th. 80% more than Costa Rica
Exports > Commodities	bananas, pineapples, coffee, melons, ornamental plants, sugar; beef; seafood; electronic components, medical equipment	beef, soybeans, cellulose, rice, wheat, wood, dairy products; wool
Poverty and inequality > Richest quintile to poorest quintile ratio	15.6 Ranked 7th. 53% more than Uruguay	10.2 Ranked 10th.
Imports	$16.75 billion Ranked 81st. 37% more than Uruguay	$12.26 billion Ranked 88th.
Budget > Expenditures	$8.50 billion Ranked 93th.	$15.63 billion Ranked 76th. 84% more than Costa Rica
GINI index	49.76 Ranked 10th. 11% more than Uruguay	44.85 Ranked 12th.
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold per capita	$921.75 Ranked 60th.	$1,234.43 Ranked 46th. 34% more than Costa Rica
Debt > Net foreign assets > Current LCU	2.47 trillion Ranked 31st. 8 times more than Uruguay	325.33 billion Ranked 67th.
Tourist arrivals	2.09 million Ranked 56th. 8% more than Uruguay	1.94 million Ranked 60th.
Budget > Revenues > Per capita	$1,114.27 per capita Ranked 41st.	$3,509.52 per capita Ranked 17th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Inbound tourism income > Current US$	$2.53 billion Ranked 59th. 2 times more than Uruguay	$1.18 billion Ranked 79th.
Tax > Tax rates	25.34 Ranked 54th.	25.82 Ranked 51st. 2% more than Costa Rica
GDP per person	6,385.64 Ranked 66th.	9,420.48 Ranked 50th. 48% more than Costa Rica
Exports > Main exports	Coffee, bananas, sugar, textiles, electronic components, electricity	Meat, rice, leather products, vehicles, dairy products, wool, electricity
Budget > Revenues per capita	$1,088.94 Ranked 81st.	$3,493.49 Ranked 46th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Debt > External	$13.81 billion Ranked 86th.	$16.02 billion Ranked 83th. 16% more than Costa Rica
Gross domestic savings > Current US$ per capita	942.18$ Ranked 49th. 21% more than Uruguay	775.69$ Ranked 55th.
Central bank discount rate	21.5% Ranked 4th. 2 times more than Uruguay	9% Ranked 5th.
Debt > External > Per capita	$1,793.95 per capita Ranked 59th.	$3,467.60 per capita Ranked 47th. 93% more than Costa Rica
GDP > Composition by sector > Services	72.7% Ranked 31st. 5% more than Uruguay	69.3% Ranked 49th.
Tax > GDP > Constant LCU	2.39 trillion Ranked 44th. 4 times more than Uruguay	623.11 billion Ranked 82nd.
Tourism > International tourism, number of arrivals per capita	0.463 Ranked 78th.	0.844 Ranked 48th. 83% more than Costa Rica
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	90.11$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 21st. 2 times more than Uruguay	41.09$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 51st.
Consumer spending	62.42 Ranked 74th.	68.24 Ranked 56th. 9% more than Costa Rica
Consumer price index	169.85% Ranked 19th. 5% more than Uruguay	162.28% Ranked 24th.
GDP > Composition by sector > Agriculture	6.2% Ranked 117th.	9.1% Ranked 96th. 47% more than Costa Rica
GDP per capita > PPP > Current international $	10,180 PPP $ Ranked 53th. 2% more than Uruguay	9,962.02 PPP $ Ranked 54th.
Industries	microprocessors, food processing, medical equipment, textiles and clothing, construction materials, fertilizer, plastic products	food processing, electrical machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products, textiles, chemicals, beverages
Population below poverty line > Per $ GDP	722.51% per $1 trillion of GD Ranked 15th.	1,419.12% per $1 trillion of GD Ranked 11th. 96% more than Costa Rica
GDP > Composition, by end use > Imports of goods and services	-41.8% Ranked 71st. 41% more than Uruguay	-29.7% Ranked 36th.
GDP per capita > Constant LCU	401614.1	86.61
Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Foreign direct investment > Net inflows > BoP > Current US	$1.35 billion Ranked 70th. 7% more than Uruguay	$1.26 billion Ranked 71st.
Labor force	2 Ranked 199th. Twice as much as Uruguay	1 Ranked 209th.
Poverty and inequality > Population below $1 (PPP) per day	$3.12% Ranked 20th. 16 times more than Uruguay	$0.20% Ranked 30th.
Trade > With US > US imports of bauxite and aluminum	3,564 Ranked 45th. 77% more than Uruguay	2,019 Ranked 52nd.
GDP > Real growth rate	5.1% Ranked 61st. 31% more than Uruguay	3.9% Ranked 82nd.
Debt > Government debt > Gross government debt, share of GDP	34.82 IMF Ranked 110th.	53.69 IMF Ranked 58th. 54% more than Costa Rica
International tourism > Number of arrivals	1.45 million Ranked 64th.	1.81 million Ranked 56th. 24% more than Costa Rica
Economic growth > Per capita	-2.79 Ranked 98th.	2.52 Ranked 25th.
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ per capita	209.25 BoP $ Ranked 33th.	215.04 BoP $ Ranked 32nd. 3% more than Costa Rica
Poverty > Population under $1 a day	12.6% Ranked 40th. 6 times more than Uruguay	2% Ranked 54th.
GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$	4,499.45 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 54th.	6,246.27 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 41st. 39% more than Costa Rica
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number > Per capita	9.62 per 1,000 people Ranked 24th.	43.33 per 1,000 people Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than Costa Rica
Economic freedom	67 Ranked 50th.	69.7 Ranked 36th. 4% more than Costa Rica
GDP > Official exchange rate per capita	$7,499.44 Ranked 68th.	$12,073.02 Ranked 52nd. 61% more than Costa Rica
Stock of direct foreign investment > At home	$18.98 billion Ranked 69th. 7% more than Uruguay	$17.76 billion Ranked 70th.
Current account balance	$-2,341,000,000.00 Ranked 135th.	$-2,690,000,000.00 Ranked 136th. 15% more than Costa Rica
Agriculture > Products	bananas, pineapples, coffee, melons, ornamental plants, sugar, corn, rice, beans, potatoes; beef, poultry, dairy; timber	soybeans, rice, wheat; beef, dairy products; fish; lumber, cellulose
Trade > Imports per capita	$2,852.44 Ranked 56th. 16% more than Uruguay	$2,461.46 Ranked 59th.
Currency	Costa Rican colon	Uruguayan peso
Current account balance > BoP > Current US$ per capita	-221.922 BoP $ Ranked 92nd. 325 times more than Uruguay	-0.682 BoP $ Ranked 49th.
GNI per capita	$7,640.00 Ranked 19th.	$11,860.00 Ranked 10th. 55% more than Costa Rica
GDP > Purchasing power parity > Per capita	$11,296.06 per capita Ranked 33th.	$14,428.36 per capita Ranked 25th. 28% more than Costa Rica
Companies > Listed domestic companies, total	9 Ranked 108th. 50% more than Uruguay	6 Ranked 110th.
Trade > Exports per capita	$2,143.61 Ranked 62nd. 8% more than Uruguay	$1,986.96 Ranked 64th.
Current account balance per capita	0.0 Ranked 131st.	0.0 Ranked 65th.
Poverty > Population under $2 a day	26% Ranked 49th. 4 times more than Uruguay	6.6% Ranked 58th.
Money and quasi money > M2 > Current LCU	4696120000000	210441100000
Tourism > International tourism, number of arrivals	2.19 million Ranked 70th.	2.86 million Ranked 59th. 30% more than Costa Rica
Gross national saving	15.9% of GDP Ranked 99th. 1% more than Uruguay	15.8% of GDP Ranked 100th.
Tax > GDP > Constant LCU per capita	497,890.33 Ranked 24th. 3 times more than Uruguay	183,525.03 Ranked 50th.
Retail > Gross value added by wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels	7.05 billion Ranked 76th.	7.4 billion Ranked 73th. 5% more than Costa Rica
Companies > Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ per capita	$419.27 Ranked 90th. 8 times more than Uruguay	$51.67 Ranked 105th.
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ per capita	342.17$ Ranked 80th. 3 times more than Uruguay	106.46$ Ranked 94th.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita	3,051.08$ Ranked 46th.	3,710.06$ Ranked 38th. 22% more than Costa Rica
Budget > Expenditures per capita	$1,482.11 Ranked 78th.	$3,632.88 Ranked 46th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Reserves > Total reserves > Includes gold, current US$	$6.86 billion Ranked 80th.	$13.60 billion Ranked 65th. 98% more than Costa Rica
Stock of broad money	None	None
Exchange rates	Costa Rican colones (CRC) per US dollar -<br />502.9 (2012 est.)<br />505.66 (2011 est.)<br />525.83 (2010 est.)<br />573.29 (2009)<br />530.41 (2008)	Uruguayan pesos (UYU) per US dollar -<br />20.31 (2012 est.)<br />19.31 (2011 est.)<br />20.06 (2010 est.)<br />22.57 (2009)<br />20.94 (2008)
Debt > External per capita	$1,661.58 Ranked 61st.	$3,594.55 Ranked 45th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Size of economy > Share of world GDP	0.05% Ranked 75th.	0.06% Ranked 64th. 20% more than Costa Rica
Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	0.189$ per $1 of GDP Ranked 104th. 47% more than Uruguay	0.129$ per $1 of GDP Ranked 137th.
Exports > Partners	US 38.9%, Netherlands 7.5%, Panama 5.1%, Hong Kong 4.6%, Nicaragua 4.4%	Brazil 18.6%, China 17.9%, Argentina 6.2%, Germany 4.3%
Aid per capita > Current US$	6.82$ Ranked 114th. 62% more than Uruguay	4.22$ Ranked 122nd.
GDP > Official exchange rate	$44.50 billion Ranked 82nd.	$49.24 billion Ranked 78th. 11% more than Costa Rica
GDP per capita > PPP > Constant 2000 international $	9,056.71 PPP 2000 $ Ranked 53th. 2% more than Uruguay	8,862.77 PPP 2000 $ Ranked 54th.
Investment > Gross fixed	19.9% of GDP Ranked 95th.	20% of GDP Ranked 93th. 1% more than Costa Rica
Interest rate spread > Lending rate minus deposit rate	14.51% Ranked 15th. 35% more than Uruguay	10.77% Ranked 33th.
Income receipts > BoP > Current US$ per capita	54.27 BoP $ Ranked 76th.	170.53 BoP $ Ranked 51st. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Bank liquid > Reserves to bank assets ratio	11.42 Ranked 72nd.	23.45 Ranked 29th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Corporate rate	30% Ranked 40th. 20% more than Uruguay	25% Ranked 58th.
Stock of narrow money	None	None
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Industry	21.5% Ranked 147th. 3% more than Uruguay	20.9% Ranked 150th.
Debt > Net domestic credit > Current LCU	12.11 trillion Ranked 20th. 37 times more than Uruguay	326.97 billion Ranked 87th.
Trade > Exports > Exports of goods and services > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$2,731.59 Ranked 45th. 20% more than Uruguay	$2,267.09 Ranked 52nd.
Government spending	3.02 billion Ranked 55th.	3.09 billion Ranked 54th. 2% more than Costa Rica
Net current transfers from abroad > Constant LCU	22060660000	2155434
Foreign direct investment > Net inflows > BoP > Current US$ per capita	199.31 BoP $ Ranked 56th.	213.69 BoP $ Ranked 54th. 7% more than Costa Rica
GDP > Current LCU	9565679000000	411042100000
High-technology > Exports > Current US$ > Per capita	$566,760.10 per 1,000 people Ranked 27th. 27 times more than Uruguay	$20,731.05 per 1,000 people Ranked 62nd.
GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Agriculture	6.2% Ranked 115th.	7.4% Ranked 107th. 19% more than Costa Rica
Savings > Gross domestic savings > Current US$ per capita	$1,600.71 Ranked 61st.	$2,614.00 Ranked 47th. 63% more than Costa Rica
Net barter terms of trade	101.78% Ranked 42nd.	107.69% Ranked 25th. 6% more than Costa Rica
Tax > Tax payments > Number	22 Ranked 107th.	33 Ranked 64th. 50% more than Costa Rica
Real interest rate	12.2% Ranked 18th. 4% more than Uruguay	11.73% Ranked 20th.
Royalty and license fees > Receipts > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	27.61 BoP $ per $1 million of Ranked 76th. 14 times more than Uruguay	2.01 BoP $ per $1 million of Ranked 77th.
Gross domestic savings	6.1 billion Ranked 67th. 3% more than Uruguay	5.95 billion Ranked 68th.
Inflation	149.11 Ranked 25th. 12% more than Uruguay	132.88 Ranked 61st.
Poverty > Gap at $1 a day > PPP	1.59% Ranked 14th. 3 times more than Uruguay	0.5% Ranked 23th.
Outbound tourist spending	718 million Ranked 78th. 47% more than Uruguay	487 million Ranked 88th.
Income > GNI per capita, PPP > Current international $	$12,500.00 Ranked 62nd.	$15,310.00 Ranked 54th. 22% more than Costa Rica
Income > GNI, PPP > Current international $ per capita	$12,498.32 Ranked 62nd.	$15,313.97 Ranked 54th. 23% more than Costa Rica
GDP > By type of expenditure > Household consumption expenditure per capita	6,106.98 Ranked 78th.	10,094.18 Ranked 51st. 65% more than Costa Rica
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold	$6.86 billion Ranked 82nd.	$13.60 billion Ranked 69th. 98% more than Costa Rica
Big Mac Index > Per $ GDP	$1.82 per $14.1 billion of GDP Ranked 16th.	$1.95 per $14.1 billion of GDP Ranked 14th. 7% more than Costa Rica
Size of economy > GDP > GDP growth	5.13% Ranked 51st. 30% more than Uruguay	3.94% Ranked 74th.
GDP > Constant 2000 US$	19.47 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 72nd.	21.63 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 68th. 11% more than Costa Rica
Tax > Highest marginal tax rate > Individual > On income exceeding > US$	$1,526.00 Ranked 65th.	$96,076.00 Ranked 17th. 63 times more than Costa Rica
Debt service	9.05 Ranked 73th.	36.29 Ranked 10th. 4 times more than Costa Rica
International tourism > Expenditures > Current US$ per capita	128.7$ Ranked 52nd. 30% more than Uruguay	98.64$ Ranked 58th.
Purchasing power parity conversion factor > LCU per international $	217.15	11.91
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number	40,921 Ranked 20th.	143,035 Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
GDP > Composition, by end use > Household consumption	65.1% Ranked 94th.	68.7% Ranked 79th. 6% more than Costa Rica
Current transfers > Receipts > BoP > Current US$	470.55 million BoP $ Ranked 89th. 3 times more than Uruguay	138.46 million BoP $ Ranked 113th.
Innovation > Patent applications, residents per million	2.96 Ranked 72nd.	5.91 Ranked 66th. Twice as much as Costa Rica
Tax > Taxes on income, profits and capital gains > Current LCU	784.4 billion Ranked 18th. 16 times more than Uruguay	50.15 billion Ranked 56th.
Debt > Net current transfers from abroad > Current LCU	167.57 billion Ranked 31st. 92 times more than Uruguay	1.82 billion Ranked 79th.
Debt > Government debt > Net government debt, share of GDP	34.82 IMF Ranked 50th.	36.34 IMF Ranked 45th. 4% more than Costa Rica
Saving rate	20.48 Ranked 46th. 20% more than Uruguay	17.1 Ranked 63th.
GDP > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ per capita	9,071.59 PPP 2000 $ Ranked 53th.	9,230.71 PPP 2000 $ Ranked 52nd. 2% more than Costa Rica
International tourism > Number of departures	425,000 Ranked 68th.	658,000 Ranked 51st. 55% more than Costa Rica
Net income > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita	-49,673.209 BoP $ per 1,000 people Ranked 67th.	-177,030.592 BoP $ per 1,000 people Ranked 94th. 4 times more than Costa Rica
GDP > CIA Factbook	$35.34 billion Ranked 84th.	$43.67 billion Ranked 75th. 24% more than Costa Rica
Poverty and inequality > Poorest's share in national income or consumption	3.85% Ranked 29th.	4.92% Ranked 24th. 28% more than Costa Rica
Debt > Net foreign assets > Current LCU per capita	514,673.05 Ranked 22nd. 5 times more than Uruguay	95,817.85 Ranked 39th.
Tax > GDP > Current LCU	22.68 trillion Ranked 24th. 22 times more than Uruguay	1.01 trillion Ranked 89th.
Tax > Average time to clear customs > Days	2.83 days Ranked 24th. 72% more than Uruguay	1.65 days Ranked 24th.
GDP > PPP per capita	$9,378.20 Ranked 56th.	$9,679.82 Ranked 55th. 3% more than Costa Rica
Economic aid > Recipient	$29.51 million Ranked 116th. 2 times more than Uruguay	$14.62 million Ranked 127th.
GNI	28.77 billion Ranked 76th.	30.81 billion Ranked 74th. 7% more than Costa Rica
Development > Human Development Index > Inequality adjusted	0.606 Ranked 54th.	0.662 Ranked 42nd. 9% more than Costa Rica
GDP > PPP	$39.82 billion Ranked 75th. 24% more than Uruguay	$32.17 billion Ranked 85th.
Poverty > Share of all poor people	0.04% Ranked 57th. 4 times more than Uruguay	0.01% Ranked 76th.
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$	1.48 billion$ Ranked 90th. 4 times more than Uruguay	354 million$ Ranked 98th.
Companies > Listed domestic companies, total per million	1.87 Ranked 92nd. 6% more than Uruguay	1.77 Ranked 97th.
Tax > GDP > Current US$ per capita	$9,386.30 Ranked 65th.	$14,702.80 Ranked 44th. 57% more than Costa Rica
Trade > Exports to US	$847.70 million Ranked 44th. 21 times more than Uruguay	$40.70 million Ranked 106th.
Industrial production growth rate	6% Ranked 43th. 71% more than Uruguay	3.5% Ranked 75th.
Purchasing power parity > GDP per capita > PPP > Current international $	$11,105.74 Ranked 63th.	$13,189.13 Ranked 55th. 19% more than Costa Rica
World trade > Exports	12.66 billion Ranked 66th. 52% more than Uruguay	8.35 billion Ranked 75th.
Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture	14% Ranked 107th. 8% more than Uruguay	13% Ranked 110th.
Tourist arrivals by region of origin > Europe	241,751 Ranked 83th. 2 times more than Uruguay	119,553 Ranked 103th.
Bank capital to assets ratio	12.2% Ranked 16th. 40% more than Uruguay	8.7% Ranked 17th.
Labor force > By occupation > Services	64% Ranked 9th.	73% Ranked 10th. 14% more than Costa Rica
Companies > Stock market > Stocks traded, total value > Current US$ per capita	$7.00 Ranked 97th. 16 times more than Uruguay	$0.43 Ranked 106th.
Lending interest rate	24.66% Ranked 12th. 81% more than Uruguay	13.61% Ranked 55th.
Industrial > Production growth rate	3% Ranked 106th.	16.5% Ranked 6th. 6 times more than Costa Rica
Tax > Taxes on income, profits and capital gains > Current LCU per capita	165,566.9 Ranked 13th. 11 times more than Uruguay	14,820.97 Ranked 26th.
Poverty and inequality > Population below national poverty line > Total	24.8% Ranked 14th. 81% more than Uruguay	13.7% Ranked 15th.
Tax > GDP per capita > Constant LCU	497,890.33 Ranked 24th. 3 times more than Uruguay	183,525.03 Ranked 50th.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure per capita > Constant 2000 US$	$3,810.37 Ranked 46th.	$5,732.09 Ranked 40th. 50% more than Costa Rica
Income > GDP per capita, PPP > Current international $	$12,733.43 Ranked 71st.	$15,776.50 Ranked 63th. 24% more than Costa Rica
Debt > Interest rates > Central bank discount rate	17% Ranked 6th. 70% more than Uruguay	10% Ranked 30th.
Technological achievement	0.36 Ranked 33th. 6% more than Uruguay	0.34 Ranked 34th.
Currency > Real effective exchange rate index > 2005 = 100	131.09 Ranked 16th.	150.42 Ranked 4th. 15% more than Costa Rica
Net domestic credit > Current LCU	4151166000000	166149400000
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$ per capita	417.58$ Ranked 43th. 2 times more than Uruguay	207.51$ Ranked 55th.
GDP > By type of expenditure > Household consumption expenditure	29.35 billion Ranked 78th.	34.27 billion Ranked 69th. 17% more than Costa Rica
Retail > Gross value added by wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels per capita	1,466.93 Ranked 86th.	2,178.99 Ranked 62nd. 49% more than Costa Rica
Household spending per capita	3,276.27 Ranked 39th.	6,179.84 Ranked 25th. 89% more than Costa Rica
Commercial bank prime lending rate	18.21% Ranked 24th. 63% more than Uruguay	11.2% Ranked 75th.
Companies > Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$	$2.01 billion Ranked 94th. 11 times more than Uruguay	$175.44 million Ranked 107th.
Current account balance > BoP > Current US$	-958,733,700 BoP $ Ranked 103th. 423 times more than Uruguay	-2,267,930 BoP $ Ranked 50th.
Trade > Imports	$13.32 billion Ranked 79th. 60% more than Uruguay	$8.30 billion Ranked 95th.
Currency > Real effective exchange rate index	91.89% Ranked 70th. 20% more than Uruguay	76.6% Ranked 88th.
Currency > Official exchange rate > LCU per US$ > Period average	511.3	24.48
Oil > Exports	2,087 bbl/day Ranked 106th.	4,353 bbl/day Ranked 6th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
GDP > CIA Factbook per capita	$8,472.49 Ranked 58th.	$13,132.21 Ranked 45th. 55% more than Costa Rica
GDP > Composition, by end use > Exports of goods and services	37.7% Ranked 103th. 43% more than Uruguay	26.3% Ranked 143th.
Purchasing power parity > GNI per capita > PPP > Current international $	$10,930.00 Ranked 59th.	$12,900.00 Ranked 51st. 18% more than Costa Rica
Income > Health expenditure per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$1,329.81 Ranked 47th. 10% more than Uruguay	$1,209.72 Ranked 54th.
Tax > GDP > Current LCU per capita	4.72 million Ranked 17th. 16 times more than Uruguay	298,616.29 Ranked 57th.
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita	$6,106.51 Ranked 49th.	$10,094.39 Ranked 32nd. 65% more than Costa Rica
Debt > Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong per million	0.624 Ranked 95th.	1.18 Ranked 77th. 89% more than Costa Rica
Oil > Production	263 bbl/day Ranked 112th.	903 bbl/day Ranked 104th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Economy growth	-1.5 Ranked 95th.	2.86 Ranked 50th.
Trade > Exports > Exports of goods and services	16.99 billion Ranked 79th. 30% more than Uruguay	13.11 billion Ranked 90th.
Purchasing power parity > Gross domestic product per capita > PPP	10,084.72 Ranked 61st.	11,976.56 Ranked 51st. 19% more than Costa Rica
Trade > Export value index	107.65% Ranked 91st.	128.54% Ranked 60th. 19% more than Costa Rica
Debt > Interest payments > Current LCU	456.65 billion Ranked 11th. 20 times more than Uruguay	22.48 billion Ranked 47th.
Innovation	18.8 Ranked 37th. 12% more than Uruguay	16.8 Ranked 48th.
Electricity > Consumption per capita	1,819.44 kWh Ranked 70th.	2,244.97 kWh Ranked 8th. 23% more than Costa Rica
Market capitalization of listed companies > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	73.83$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 90th. 4 times more than Uruguay	21.08$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 99th.
GDP > CIA Factbook > Per capita	$8,461.89 per capita Ranked 62nd.	$13,219.15 per capita Ranked 48th. 56% more than Costa Rica
Household spending	15 billion Ranked 57th.	20.67 billion Ranked 52nd. 38% more than Costa Rica
Income > Household final consumption expenditure, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ per capita	$6,526.17 Ranked 46th.	$9,164.62 Ranked 35th. 40% more than Costa Rica
GDP > Composition, by end use > Government consumption	17.9% Ranked 66th. 32% more than Uruguay	13.6% Ranked 118th.
GDP > Per $ GDP	$11,296.06 per $1 of GDP Ranked 33th.	$14,428.36 per $1 of GDP Ranked 25th. 28% more than Costa Rica
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure, etc. > Current US$	$29.34 billion Ranked 69th.	$34.27 billion Ranked 62nd. 17% more than Costa Rica
Bank and trade-related lending > PPG + PNG > NFL > Current US$ per capita	66.43$ Ranked 18th.	-70.513$ Ranked 107th.
Entrepreneurship > Starting a Business > Index ranking	83 Ranked 72nd.	116 Ranked 40th. 40% more than Costa Rica
GDP > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	4,506.84 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 53th.	6,505.58 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 40th. 44% more than Costa Rica
GNI > Current US$ per capita	4,490.8$ Ranked 61st.	4,874.31$ Ranked 56th. 9% more than Costa Rica
Gross domestic savings > Current US$	4.07 billion$ Ranked 68th. 58% more than Uruguay	2.58 billion$ Ranked 79th.
Trade > Exports	$10.01 billion Ranked 83th. 49% more than Uruguay	$6.70 billion Ranked 98th.
Purchasing power parity > GDP > PPP > Current international $	$50.85 billion Ranked 78th. 15% more than Uruguay	$44.12 billion Ranked 80th.
Gross national expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	4,446.74 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 31st.	5,957.84 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 21st. 34% more than Costa Rica
Entrepreneurship > Hiring and Firing > Index ranking	72 Ranked 82nd. 38% more than Uruguay	52 Ranked 102nd.
Income > GDP, PPP > Current international $ per capita	$12,733.43 Ranked 71st.	$15,776.50 Ranked 63th. 24% more than Costa Rica
Total > Reserves in months of imports	2.48 Ranked 93th.	6.39 Ranked 19th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Imports > Commodities	raw materials, consumer goods, capital equipment, petroleum, construction materials	refined oil, crude oil, passenger and other transportation vehicles, vehicle parts, cellular phones
Debt > Banks > Automated teller machines > ATMs > Per 100,000 adults	54.66 Ranked 48th. 28% more than Uruguay	42.69 Ranked 73th.
Inflation > Consumer price index > 2005 = 100	172.69 Ranked 48th. 4% more than Uruguay	165.64 Ranked 54th.
Gross domestic savings > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	203.31$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 56th. 32% more than Uruguay	153.61$ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 79th.
GDP > Constant LCU	1737876000000	299932000
Poverty and inequality > Inequality adjusted income index	0.43 Ranked 73th.	0.521 Ranked 50th. 21% more than Costa Rica
Trade > Export growth	0.57 Ranked 27th.	2.49 Ranked 24th. 4 times more than Costa Rica
Welfare > Social contributions > Current LCU	1.8 trillion Ranked 5th. 21 times more than Uruguay	84.47 billion Ranked 28th.
Welfare > Revenue, excluding grants > Current LCU	5.04 trillion Ranked 17th. 18 times more than Uruguay	278.12 billion Ranked 52nd.
Labor force per thousand people	0.000426 Ranked 146th. 42% more than Uruguay	0.000301 Ranked 199th.
Trade > Imports > Imports of goods and services	18.86 billion Ranked 80th. 27% more than Uruguay	14.81 billion Ranked 87th.
GDP > Median household income (PPP)	$10,886.00 Ranked 57th. 12% more than Uruguay	$9,697.00 Ranked 65th.
Debt > Government debt > Net government debt, share of GDP per million people	7.42 IMF Ranked 36th.	10.93 IMF Ranked 28th. 47% more than Costa Rica
Household final > Consumption expenditure per capita > Constant 2000 US$	2,851.67 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 38th.	4,234.07 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 27th. 48% more than Costa Rica
Public institution index	4.69 Ranked 46th.	5.23 Ranked 32nd. 12% more than Costa Rica
GNI > Atlas method > Current US$ per capita	4,706.67$ Ranked 53th. 4% more than Uruguay	4,539.88$ Ranked 54th.
Income > Household final consumption expenditure, PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$31.36 billion Ranked 64th. 1% more than Uruguay	$31.12 billion Ranked 66th.
Income > GNI, PPP > Current international $	$60.06 billion Ranked 74th. 16% more than Uruguay	$51.99 billion Ranked 78th.
Income > GDP, PPP > Current international $	$61.19 billion Ranked 80th. 14% more than Uruguay	$53.57 billion Ranked 85th.
Currency > Monetary unit	1 Costa Rican colon = 100 centimos	1 Uruguayan peso = 100 centesimos
Budget > Expenditures > Per $ GDP	$0.15 per $1 of GDP Ranked 130th.	$0.29 per $1 of GDP Ranked 68th. 99% more than Costa Rica
Taxes and other revenues	14.6% of GDP Ranked 171st.	28.9% of GDP Ranked 86th. 98% more than Costa Rica
Balance of payments > Current account > Goods > Services and income > Exports > Goods and services > Current U	$12.57 billion Ranked 70th. 47% more than Uruguay	$8.56 billion Ranked 79th.
Balance of payments > Current account > Balances > Current account balance > Current US$	$-536,955,392.04 Ranked 88th.	$214.52 million Ranked 38th.
Balance of payments > Financial > Reserves	-259,887,613.29 Ranked 78th.	-1,586,862,738.74 Ranked 105th. 6 times more than Costa Rica
Debt > External debt stocks per capita	$2,172.27 Ranked 35th.	$4,241.06 Ranked 12th. 95% more than Costa Rica
Oil > Proved reserves	0.0 Ranked 176th.	0.0 Ranked 114th.
Companies > Ease of doing business index > 1=most business-friendly regulations	102 Ranked 87th. 16% more than Uruguay	88 Ranked 101st.
Natural gas > Production	0.0 Ranked 169th.	0.0 Ranked 99th.
GDP deflator	550.42 Ranked 35th.	137,045.1 Ranked 6th. 249 times more than Costa Rica
Oil > Consumption	47,000 bbl/day Ranked 99th.	52,000 bbl/day Ranked 95th. 11% more than Costa Rica
Poverty > Gap at $2 a day > PPP	4% Ranked 20th. 3 times more than Uruguay	1.55% Ranked 26th.
Tourism > International tourism, receipts > Current US$	$2.37 billion Ranked 65th.	$2.38 billion Ranked 64th. The same as Costa Rica
Electricity > Consumption	8.25 billion kWh Ranked 65th. 9% more than Uruguay	7.57 billion kWh Ranked 7th.
Spending > Final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$4,553.74 Ranked 48th.	$6,480.96 Ranked 41st. 42% more than Costa Rica
Currency > GDP > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$5,716.05 Ranked 73th.	$7,497.37 Ranked 59th. 31% more than Costa Rica
Tax > GDP > Current US$	$45.10 billion Ranked 75th.	$49.92 billion Ranked 72nd. 11% more than Costa Rica
Portfolio investment > Excluding LCFAR > BoP > Current US$	-1,016,961,000 BoP $ Ranked 62nd. 4 times more than Uruguay	-263,705,600 BoP $ Ranked 56th.
Net trade in goods and services > BoP > Current US$	-1,014,215,000 BoP $ Ranked 92nd.	461.72 million BoP $ Ranked 42nd.
Budget > Expenditures > Per capita	$1,516.59 per capita Ranked 40th.	$3,649.54 per capita Ranked 16th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
GDP > Composition, by end use > Investment in inventories	1% Ranked 59th.	-0.9% Ranked 164th.
Bank and trade-related lending > PPG + PNG > NFL > Current US$	286.99 million$ Ranked 23th.	-234,468,000$ Ranked 100th.
Trade > Exports > By good > Chocolate cocoa preparations	3,241 Ranked 53th. 12 times more than Uruguay	277 Ranked 70th.
Purchasing power parity > GNI > PPP > Current international $	$50.03 billion Ranked 75th. 16% more than Uruguay	$43.14 billion Ranked 76th.
Debt > External > Per $ GDP	$285.93 per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 87th.	$590.44 per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 39th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Government > Revenue > Tax > Maximum tax rate for individuals	0.0 Ranked 44th.	0.0 Ranked 29th.
GNI > PPP > Current international $	42.67 billion PPP $ Ranked 74th. 28% more than Uruguay	33.32 billion PPP $ Ranked 83th.
Trade > With US > US imports of bauxite and aluminum per 1000	0.839 Ranked 30th. 38% more than Uruguay	0.607 Ranked 38th.
High-technology > Exports > Current US$	$2.38 billion Ranked 36th. 33 times more than Uruguay	$72.10 million Ranked 70th.
Stock of direct foreign investment > Abroad	$1.48 billion Ranked 72nd. 4 times more than Uruguay	$357.00 million Ranked 76th.
Oil > Exports per thousand people	0.454 bbl/day Ranked 102nd.	1.29 bbl/day Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
Final > Consumption expenditure > Etc. > Current US$	15.95 billion$ Ranked 71st. 12% more than Uruguay	14.21 billion$ Ranked 73th.
GDP > Constant 2000 US$ > Per capita	4,499.45 constant 2000 US$ per c Ranked 54th.	6,543.82 constant 2000 US$ per c Ranked 39th. 45% more than Costa Rica
Deposit interest rate	10.14% Ranked 21st. 4 times more than Uruguay	2.84% Ranked 111th.
Gross National Income > Constant LCU	1578878000000	292150400
National accounts > US$ at constant 2000 prices > Aggregate indicators > GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$	$5,042.63 Ranked 51st.	$8,942.07 Ranked 33th. 77% more than Costa Rica
Income > GDP per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$11,155.51 Ranked 70th.	$13,821.48 Ranked 59th. 24% more than Costa Rica
Scientific and technical journals > Articles published	100.2 Ranked 83th.	215.1 Ranked 65th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ > Per capita	208,910.72 BoP $ per 1,000 people Ranked 33th.	216,305.66 BoP $ per 1,000 people Ranked 32nd. 4% more than Costa Rica
Goods imports > BoP > Current US$	9.23 billion BoP $ Ranked 67th. 2 times more than Uruguay	3.73 billion BoP $ Ranked 91st.
Net income > BoP > Current US$	-214,947,300 BoP $ Ranked 67th.	-585,214,100 BoP $ Ranked 85th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
GDP per unit of energy use	10 PPP 2000 $/kg of oil eq. Ranked 8th.	10.43 PPP 2000 $/kg of oil eq. Ranked 5th. 4% more than Costa Rica
Oil > Consumption per thousand people	10.06 bbl/day Ranked 117th.	15.42 bbl/day Ranked 95th. 53% more than Costa Rica
Budget > Revenues > Per $ GDP	$0.14 per $1 of GDP Ranked 128th.	$0.29 per $1 of GDP Ranked 69th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Economic aid > Recipient per capita	$6.83 Ranked 109th. 55% more than Uruguay	$4.40 Ranked 115th.
Natural gas > Production per capita	0.0 Ranked 158th.	0.0 Ranked 96th.
International tourism > Expenditures for travel items > Current US$	$593.00 million Ranked 74th. 66% more than Uruguay	$358.00 million Ranked 87th.
Researchers in RandD > Per million people	529.95 per million people Ranked 2nd. 45% more than Uruguay	366.26 per million people Ranked 38th.
Innovation > Research and development personnel > By sector > Business enterprise sector per thousand people	0.989 Ranked 3rd. 88 times more than Uruguay	0.0112 Ranked 18th.
Government spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU per capita	122,052.39 Ranked 15th. 3 times more than Uruguay	37,353.48 Ranked 25th.
Government spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU	578.25 billion Ranked 28th. 5 times more than Uruguay	126.38 billion Ranked 49th.
Tax > Taxes on international trade > Current LCU	250.25 billion Ranked 18th. 24 times more than Uruguay	10.54 billion Ranked 40th.
Currency > DEC alternative conversion factor > LCU per US$	477.79	24.48
Labor force > By occupation > Industry	22% Ranked 62nd. 57% more than Uruguay	14% Ranked 120th.
Stocks traded > Total value > Current US$	166 million$ Ranked 77th. 16274 times more than Uruguay	10,200.61$ Ranked 107th.
GDP > Composition, by end use > Investment in fixed capital	20.2% Ranked 114th.	22.1% Ranked 92nd. 9% more than Costa Rica
Trade > Exports > Goods and services	48% Ranked 46th. 3 times more than Uruguay	19% Ranked 127th.
Royalty and license fees > Payments > BoP > Current US$	56.88 million BoP $ Ranked 50th. 13 times more than Uruguay	4.31 million BoP $ Ranked 81st.
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$	904 million BoP $ Ranked 45th. 26% more than Uruguay	715.05 million BoP $ Ranked 49th.
Trade > Imports > Goods and services > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	0.536 BoP $ per $1 of GDP Ranked 57th. 95% more than Uruguay	0.275 BoP $ per $1 of GDP Ranked 114th.
Portfolio investment > Bonds > PPG + PNG > NFL > Current US$	-32,269,000$ Ranked 37th.	573.39 million$ Ranked 22nd.
Stock of direct foreign investment > At home per capita	$3,949.81 Ranked 45th.	$5,230.83 Ranked 42nd. 32% more than Costa Rica
Spending > Household final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$3,810.37 Ranked 46th.	$5,732.09 Ranked 40th. 50% more than Costa Rica
Spending > Final consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$	$21.88 billion Ranked 64th.	$22.00 billion Ranked 63th. 1% more than Costa Rica
Reserves > Total reserves minus gold > Current US$	$6.86 billion Ranked 75th.	$13.59 billion Ranked 58th. 98% more than Costa Rica
Savings > Gross domestic savings > Current US$	$7.69 billion Ranked 71st.	$8.88 billion Ranked 69th. 15% more than Costa Rica
Trade > Exports > Goods	10.87 billion Ranked 70th. 63% more than Uruguay	6.66 billion Ranked 85th.
World Bank exchange rate	573 Ranked 21st. 25 times more than Uruguay	22.57 Ranked 73th.
Balance of payments > Current account > Balances > Net trade in goods > US$	$-2,027,469,096.86 Ranked 98th. 7 times more than Uruguay	$-271,105,575.84 Ranked 59th.
Financial sector > Exchange rates and prices > GDP deflator > Base year varies by country	812.93 Ranked 16th. 6 times more than Uruguay	133.69 Ranked 121st.
Electricity > Production	9.29 billion kWh Ranked 46th.	9.89 billion kWh Ranked 7th. 6% more than Costa Rica
Private investment > Telecommunications	3 million Ranked 7th.	52.9 million Ranked 76th. 18 times more than Costa Rica
Electricity > Imports per capita	15.44 kWh Ranked 57th.	114.71 kWh Ranked 7th. 7 times more than Costa Rica
Stock of money	$4.50 billion Ranked 66th. 2 times more than Uruguay	$2.15 billion Ranked 88th.
Gender income ratio	0.37% Ranked 57th.	0.51% Ranked 32nd. 38% more than Costa Rica
GDP growth > Duration 1980-2000	13% Ranked 62nd.	-7% Ranked 83th.
Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$ per capita	875.64$ Ranked 54th. 34% more than Uruguay	651.1$ Ranked 66th.
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	2,856.36 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 38th.	4,409.85 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 25th. 54% more than Costa Rica
Gross national expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	1.05$ per $1 of GDP Ranked 75th. 8% more than Uruguay	0.978$ per $1 of GDP Ranked 103th.
Foreign aid > Net Foreign aid received > Current US$	$66.12 million Ranked 104th. 99% more than Uruguay	$33.29 million Ranked 118th.
Foreign aid > From Switzerland	90,000 Ranked 95th.	180,000 Ranked 87th. Twice as much as Costa Rica
Foreign aid > From United States	-120,000 Ranked 127th.	970,000 Ranked 103th.
Foreign aid > International assistance received per capita	14.63 Ranked 106th. 47% more than Uruguay	9.98 Ranked 113th.
Patent applications > Residents	29 Ranked 69th.	33 Ranked 52nd. 14% more than Costa Rica
GNI > Atlas method > Current US$ > Per capita	4,698.95$ per capita Ranked 53th. 3% more than Uruguay	4,566.57$ per capita Ranked 55th.
Income > GNI per capita, PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$10,954.25 Ranked 47th.	$13,392.24 Ranked 37th. 22% more than Costa Rica
Income > GDP, PPP > Constant 2005 international $ per capita	$11,155.51 Ranked 70th.	$13,821.48 Ranked 59th. 24% more than Costa Rica
Income > GNI, PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$52.64 billion Ranked 66th. 16% more than Uruguay	$45.47 billion Ranked 68th.
International tourism > Receipts > Current US$	1.8 billion$ Ranked 51st. 3 times more than Uruguay	690 million$ Ranked 78th.
Terms of trade	131 Ranked 10th. 17% more than Uruguay	112 Ranked 21st.
Oil > Production per thousand people	0.0563 bbl/day Ranked 109th.	0.268 bbl/day Ranked 101st. 5 times more than Costa Rica
Gross savings > Current US$ per capita	861.27$ Ranked 44th. 35% more than Uruguay	636.78$ Ranked 48th.
Innovation > Patent applications, residents	14 Ranked 76th.	20 Ranked 75th. 43% more than Costa Rica
Innovation > Patent applications, nonresidents per million	132.98 Ranked 16th.	197.13 Ranked 11th. 48% more than Costa Rica
Trade > Exports > Export growth in USD	148.91 Ranked 111th.	236.07 Ranked 63th. 59% more than Costa Rica
Trade > Imports > By good > Silver platinum etc	547 Ranked 53th. 9 times more than Uruguay	59 Ranked 65th.
IBRD loans and IDA credits > PPG DOD > Current US$	59.53 million$ Ranked 45th.	785.44 million$ Ranked 50th. 13 times more than Costa Rica
Innovation > Scientific and technical journal articles	98.3 Ranked 88th.	246.2 Ranked 68th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
GDP > PPP > Current international $ per capita	10,196.73 PPP $ Ranked 53th.	10,375.59 PPP $ Ranked 52nd. 2% more than Costa Rica
Welfare > Revenue, excluding grants > Current LCU per capita	1.06 million Ranked 12th. 13 times more than Uruguay	82,200.24 Ranked 28th.
Poverty and inequality > Population below national poverty line > Urban	22% Ranked 9th. 54% more than Uruguay	14.3% Ranked 13th.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Number per 1000	9.64 Ranked 24th.	43.07 Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Costa Rica
Transnational corporations > Affiliates	111 Ranked 78th.	123 Ranked 75th. 11% more than Costa Rica
Tax > Customs and other import duties > Current LCU	162.06 billion Ranked 9th. 23 times more than Uruguay	7.1 billion Ranked 29th.
Tax > Taxes on income > Profits and capital gains > Current LCU	689.22 billion Ranked 13th. 20 times more than Uruguay	33.68 billion Ranked 50th.
Tax > Social security contributions	30.77% Ranked 26th. 40% more than Uruguay	22% Ranked 32nd.
Imports > Partners	US 49.8%, China 8.2%, Mexico 6.6%	China 16.4%, Brazil 14.9%, Argentina 14.6%, US 9.1%, Paraguay 7.3%
Oil > Imports per thousand people	9.59 bbl/day Ranked 86th.	15.75 bbl/day Ranked 4th. 64% more than Costa Rica
Oil > Imports	44,110 bbl/day Ranked 84th.	53,110 bbl/day Ranked 9th. 20% more than Costa Rica
Electricity > Production per capita	2,049.55 kWh Ranked 49th.	2,932.99 kWh Ranked 7th. 43% more than Costa Rica
Market value of publicly traded shares	$1.44 billion Ranked 100th. 6 times more than Uruguay	$231.00 million Ranked 112th.
GDP growth > Duration 1975-2000	1.1% Ranked 69th.	1.4% Ranked 62nd. 27% more than Costa Rica
Trade > Imports > By good > Passenger cars etc	230,096 Ranked 59th. 10 times more than Uruguay	22,860 Ranked 90th.
Poverty > Poverty gap at urban poverty line	7% Ranked 5th.	8.6% Ranked 2nd. 23% more than Costa Rica
Trade balance with US	$145.00 million Ranked 12th. 9 times more than Uruguay	$16.70 million Ranked 35th.
Services > Etc. > Value added > Constant 2000 US$	11.05 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 58th.	14.6 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 50th. 32% more than Costa Rica
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$	13.18 billion$ Ranked 70th. 7% more than Uruguay	12.34 billion$ Ranked 72nd.
Trade > Exports > Goods and services > Constant 2000 US$	9.91 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 56th. 96% more than Uruguay	5.05 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 69th.
Merchandise > Exports > Current US$	7.04 billion$ Ranked 79th. 2 times more than Uruguay	3.4 billion$ Ranked 95th.
Gross fixed capital formation > Current US$	3.78 billion$ Ranked 74th. 75% more than Uruguay	2.17 billion$ Ranked 87th.
Gross national expenditure > Constant 2000 US$	19.21 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 53th.	19.81 billion constant 2000 US$ Ranked 52nd. 3% more than Costa Rica
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Etc. > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	2,856.36 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 31st.	4,409.85 constant 2000 US$ Ranked 18th. 54% more than Costa Rica
Household final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita	3,046.07$ per capita Ranked 46th.	3,731.87$ per capita Ranked 38th. 23% more than Costa Rica
Poverty > Population under $1 a day > Per $ GDP	0.00332 per $10 million Ranked 34th. 8 times more than Uruguay	0.000406 per $10 million Ranked 45th.
Tax > Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours	282 Ranked 59th.	336 Ranked 44th. 19% more than Costa Rica
Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Net errors and omissions > Adjusted > BoP > Current US$	$-137,317,919.51 Ranked 83th.	$938.85 million Ranked 15th.
Financial sector > Monetary holdings > Liabilities > Money and quasi money > M2 > Current LCU	4.08 trillion Ranked 25th. 14 times more than Uruguay	283.83 billion Ranked 73th.
Balance of payments > Current account > Goods > Services and income > Exports of goods > Services > Income and wo	$13.27 billion Ranked 74th. 45% more than Uruguay	$9.18 billion Ranked 79th.
Commercial service imports > Current US$	1.5 billion$ Ranked 80th. 74% more than Uruguay	857.42 million$ Ranked 98th.
Trade > Imports of goods > Services and income > BoP > Current US$ per capita	2,587.68 BoP $ Ranked 66th. 49% more than Uruguay	1,737.65 BoP $ Ranked 76th.
Foreign direct investment > Net > BoP > Current US$ > Per $ GDP	45.15 BoP $ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 37th. 6% more than Uruguay	42.59 BoP $ per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 39th.
Net income > BoP > Current US$ per million	-49,754,822.193 BoP $ Ranked 65th.	-175,996,036.275 BoP $ Ranked 93th. 4 times more than Costa Rica
Royalty and license fees > Payments > BoP > Current US$ per capita	13.17 BoP $ Ranked 44th. 10 times more than Uruguay	1.3 BoP $ Ranked 81st.
Commercial service imports > Current US$ > Per capita	345.65$ per capita Ranked 75th. 33% more than Uruguay	259.38$ per capita Ranked 81st.
Natural gas > Proved reserves per capita	0.0 Ranked 177th.	0.0 Ranked 114th.
Natural gas > Proved reserves	0.0 Ranked 179th.	0.0 Ranked 114th.
Natural gas > Consumption	0.0 Ranked 173th.	40 million cu m Ranked 93th.
External debt > Date of information	30 June 2006 est.	30 June 2006 est.
Micro > Small and medium enterprises > Per 1,000 people	9.62 per 1,000 people Ranked 24th.	42.8 per 1,000 people Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Costa Rica
Public and publicly guaranteed debt service > TDS > Current US$	483.85 million$ Ranked 46th.	1.49 billion$ Ranked 34th. 3 times more than Costa Rica
External debt > Debt outstanding > Use of IMF credit > DOD > Current US$	0.0 Ranked 114th.	0.0 Ranked 79th.
Balance of payments > Capital and financial account > Foreign direct investment > Net inflows in reporting econ	$1.35 billion Ranked 37th. 18% more than Uruguay	$1.14 billion Ranked 39th.
Tourism > International tourism, expenditures > Current US$	$523.00 million Ranked 93th.	$818.00 million Ranked 82nd. 56% more than Costa Rica
Tourism > International tourism, number of departures	717,000 Ranked 64th.	1.53 million Ranked 52nd. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Tourism > International tourism, receipts for travel items > Current US$ per capita	$454.02 Ranked 64th.	$646.37 Ranked 52nd. 42% more than Costa Rica
Companies > Ease of doing business index > 1=most business-friendly regulations per million	22.68 Ranked 64th.	25.03 Ranked 58th. 10% more than Costa Rica
International tourism > Receipts for travel items > Current US$	$2.28 billion Ranked 53th. 2 times more than Uruguay	$1.05 billion Ranked 72nd.
Tourism receipts > International > Per $ GDP	$90.32 per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 31st. 2 times more than Uruguay	$41.53 per $1,000 of GDP Ranked 67th.
Trade > Tariffs > Binding coverage > All products	100% Ranked 40th. The same as Uruguay	100% Ranked 7th.
GDP > PPP > Current international $ > Per capita	10,180 PPP $ per capita Ranked 54th.	10,436.58 PPP $ per capita Ranked 53th. 3% more than Costa Rica
GDP > PPP > Constant 2000 international $ > Per capita	9,056.71 PPP 2000 $ per capita Ranked 54th.	9,284.97 PPP 2000 $ per capita Ranked 53th. 3% more than Costa Rica
Financial sector > Interest rates > Interest rate spread > Lending rate minus deposit rate	11.68% Ranked 13th. 27% more than Uruguay	9.22% Ranked 21st.
Foreign aid > From European Commission	5.86 million Ranked 116th.	11.33 million Ranked 99th. 93% more than Costa Rica
International tourism > Expenditures > Current US$	556 million$ Ranked 61st. 70% more than Uruguay	328 million$ Ranked 73th.
Trade > Exports > Per $ GDP	$0.37 per $1 of GDP Ranked 61st. 64% more than Uruguay	$0.23 per $1 of GDP Ranked 103th.
Tax > Tax payments > Number per million	4.58 Ranked 77th.	9.72 Ranked 57th. 2 times more than Costa Rica
Purchasing power parity > GDP > PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$46.18 billion Ranked 77th. 15% more than Uruguay	$40.06 billion Ranked 79th.
Trade > Exports > Export growth	159.03 Ranked 55th.	160.6 Ranked 53th. 1% more than Costa Rica
Purchasing power parity > PPP conversion factor > Private > Consumption > LCU per international $	$378.64 Ranked 17th. 20 times more than Uruguay	$18.52 Ranked 59th.
Tourism expenditures > International	$481.00 million Ranked 67th. 71% more than Uruguay	$281.00 million Ranked 81st.
Trade > Exports > By good > Perfume toilet cosmetics	2,483 Ranked 69th. 5 times more than Uruguay	480 Ranked 78th.

SOURCES: CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; Wikipedia: List of countries by public debt (List) (Public debt , The World Factbook , United States Central Intelligence Agency , accessed on March 21, 2013.); World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; CIA World Factbook 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Human Development Report 2006, United Nations Development Programme; World Tourism Organisation, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.; World Development Indicators database; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics. World Bank World Development Indicators.; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/jsp/index.jsp).; . Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; KPMG's Individual Income Tax and Social Security Rate Survey 2009 (www.kpmg.com), and PricewaterhouseCoopers's Worldwide Tax Summaries Online (www.pwc.com).; World economic forum - Global Competitiveness Report 2004-2005; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; The Economist.; CIA World Factbook 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/14/hdr2013_en_complete.pdf, United Nations Development Programme, 2013. Table 3, p. 152 ff.; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files. World Bank World Development Indicators.; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank national accounts data; World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and official national sources.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; FTDWebMaster, Foreign Trade Division, U.S. Census Bureau; Wikipedia: List of countries by public debt (List); World Bank 2002b via backone.pdf; The Heritage Foundation; Global Stock Markets Factbook; World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division; Global Stock Markets Factbook. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: World distribution of wealth (North America); KPMG's Corporate and Indirect Tax Rate Survey 2009 (www.kpmg.com), and PricewaterhouseCoopers's Worldwide Tax Summaries Online (www.pwc.com).; United Nations, Comtrade database.; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/).; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.; World Bank, International Comparison Program database.; World Bank, International Comparison Program database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; The World Bank. Source tables; World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), World Intellectual Property Indicators and www.wipo.int/econ_stat. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files. World Bank World Development Indicators.; Wikipedia: List of countries by public debt (List) (Government net & gross debt 2013 , International Monetary Fund , April 2013 World Economic Outlook Databse.); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files. World Bank World Development Indicators. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank. 2005. World Development Indicators 2005. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; World Bank. 2005. World Development Indicators 2005.; Country Responsibilities in Achieving the Millenium Development Goals", April 8 2003, by Janice Poling; US Census Bureau; Source: World Tourism Organization Statistics Database and Yearbook | United Nations World Tourism Organization; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files. World Bank World Development Indicators. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of countries by central bank interest rates (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2207rank.html http://www.worldinterestrates.info/ http://www.forexmotion.com/index.php/en/exchange-rates.html); United Nations Development Program. Human Development Report 2001. New York: Oxford University Press,2001, Table A2.1. via ciesin.org; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization National Health Account database (see http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx for the most recent updates).; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Porter, Michael E. and Scott Stern, National Innovative Capacity, Chapter 2.2 in Porter, Michael, and JeffreySachs (eds.), The Global Competitiveness Report 2001-2002, New York: Oxford University Press, 2001, p.104. via ciesin.org; Doing Business, Economy Rankings, 2005.; International Monetary Fund, Financial Access Survey. World Bank World Development Indicators.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: Median household income (International statistics) (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/PA.NUS.PPPC.RF?order=wbapi_data_value_2012+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-last&sort=desc); Wikipedia: List of countries by public debt (List) (Government net & gross debt 2013 , International Monetary Fund , April 2013 World Economic Outlook Databse.). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World economic forum - Global Competitiveness Report 2004-2005; International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.; The World Bank. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO; Wikipedia: List of countries by tax rates (Countries); FTDWebMaster, Foreign Trade Division, U.S. Census Bureau. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; National Science Foundation, Science and Engineering Indicators.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics, supplemented by World Bank staff estimates.; x; World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org).; Human Development Reports, United Nations 2002; Per Capita GDP Growth IMF; Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline.; Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline. World Bank population estimates are used for the denominator.; World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), WIPO Patent Report: Statistics on Worldwide Patent Activity. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.; calculated on the basis of data on terms of trade from World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), World Intellectual Property Indicators and www.wipo.int/econ_stat. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Handbook of Statistics and data files, and International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Investment Report 2001, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD); International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; World Bank. 2002. Correspondence on GDP per capita annual growth rates. March. Washington, DC; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on World Bank's country poverty assessments and country Poverty Reduction Strategies.; Wikipedia: List of countries by external debt; World Bank, Global Development Finance.; World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from World Trade Organisation.; International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO

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