Environment Stats: compare key data on France & Madagascar

Definitions

Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$: Adjusted net national income (constant 2000 US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.
Biodiversity > Mammal species, threatened: Mammal species, threatened. Mammal species are mammals excluding whales and porpoises. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
CO2 Emissions per 1000: CO2: Total Emissions (excluding land-use) Units: thousand metric tonnes of carbon dioxide. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
CO2 emissions > Kt: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Current issues: This entry lists the most pressing and important environmental problems. The following terms and abbreviations are used throughout the entry:
Ecological footprint: Ecological footprint per capita
Units: Hectares per Person
Endangered species > Mammal species > Number: Mammal species are mammals excluding whales and porpoises. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
Forest area > Sq. km > Per capita: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Marine fish catch: Total marine fish catch
Units: Metric Tons
Marine fish catch per 1000: Total marine fish catch
Units: Metric Tons. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Proportion of land area under protection: Terrestrial areas protected to total surface area, percentage.
Waste > Local garbage collected: Municipal waste collected.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban and rural: Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, total.
Water > Severe water stress: Percent of country's territory under severe water stress
Units: Percent of Land Area
Units: This data is derived from the WaterGap 2.1 gridded hydrological model developed by the Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, Germany. The modellers derived, for each country, grid cell by grid cell estimates of whether the water consumption exceeds 40 percent of the water available in that particular grid cell. These were then converted to land area equivalents in order to calculate the percentage of the territory under severe water stress.
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day: Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
National parks > Number of parks: Number of parks.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita: CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Biodiversity > Bird species, threatened: Bird species, threatened. Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Carbon efficiency: Carbon economic efficiency (CO2 emissions per dollar GDP)
Units: Metric Tons/US Dollar GDP
CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Endangered species > Bird species: Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Adjusted net national income (constant 2000 US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
SO2 emissions per populated area: SO2 emissions per populated land area
Units: 1000 Metric Tons/Sq. Km. of Populated Land Area
Units: We obtained the total emissions for each country by summarizing emissions data, originally available as a grid map with 1 degree x 1 degree cells. Air pollution is generally greatest in densely populated areas. To take this into account, we used the Gridded Population of the World dataset available from CIESIN and calculated the total land area in each country inhabited with a population density of greater than 5 persons per sq. km. We then used this land area as a denominator for the emissions data.
Waste > Local garbage collected per thousand people: Municipal waste collected. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Waste > Hazardous waste created: Annual generation of hazardous waste (as defined by the Basel Convention).
Biodiversity > Fish species, threatened: Fish species, threatened. Fish species are based on Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt: CO2 emissions (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
CO2 emissions > Kt > Per capita: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Endangered species > Fish species > Number: Fish species are based on Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day: Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution > Climate change > Agrees climate change is caused by human activity: Percentage of population who responded yes when asked if they believed global warming was a result of human activities. In this survey, global warming refers to the current rise in earth's temperature and not climate change as a whole.
Water > Percent of water resources used: Proportion of total water resources used, percentage.
Endangered species > Higher plant species > Number: Higher plants are native vascular plant species. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known."
NOx emissions per populated area: NOx emissions per populated land area
Units: 1000 Metric Tons/Sq. Km. of Populated Land Area
Units: We obtained the total emissions for each country by summarizing emissions data, originally available as a grid map with 1 degree x 1 degree cells. Air pollution is generally greatest in densely populated areas. To take this into account, we used the Gridded Population of the World dataset available from CIESIN and calculated the total land area in each country inhabited with a population density of greater than 5 persons per sq. km. We then used this land area as a denominator for the emissions data.
Water > Dissolved oxygen concentration: Dissolved oxygen concentration
Units: Milligrams/Liter
Units: The country values represent averages of the station-level values for the three year time period 1994-96, exceptwhere data were only available for an earlier time period (1988-1993). The number of stations per country varies depending on country size; number of bodies of water; and level of participation in the GEMS monitoring system. The data from "The Wellbeing of Nations" included a smaller subset of stations representing outfalls of major watersheds. An analysis of a sample of countries with numerous stations found that the data for stations in the subset is broadly comparable to the data for all GEMS stations in those countries.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Forest area > Sq. km: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP: CO2 emissions (kg per 2000 US$ of GDP). Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban and rural: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, total.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kt: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Water > Availability: Water availability per capita (1961-1990 (avg.))
Units: Thousands Cubic Meters/Person
Units: This variable measures internal renewable water (average annual surface runoff and groundwater recharge generated from endogenous precipitation)
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Rural: Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, rural.
Biodiversity > Plant species > Higher, threatened: Plant species (higher), threatened. Higher plants are native vascular plant species. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Threatened species: Number of Threatened Species (1990-99)
Adjusted net national income > Current US$ per capita: Adjusted net national income (current US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Waste > Population served by local garbage collection: Total population served by municipal waste collection.
Biodiversity > Number: GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential)."
Adjusted net national income > Current US$: Adjusted net national income (current US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.
Water > Freshwater internal flow: Internal flow of water: River run-off and groundwater produced during a year through perception minus evaporation.
Water > Freshwater internal flow per capita: Internal flow of water: River run-off and groundwater produced during a year through perception minus evaporation. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Pollution > Climate change > Climate change awareness: Percentage of each country's population who claimed knowing "something" or a "great deal" about climate change when asked: "How much do you know about global warming or climate change?"
Waste > Hazardous waste created per thousand people: Annual generation of hazardous waste (as defined by the Basel Convention). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Protected area: Environmentally protected area (1997)
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum: GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum). GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential).
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources > Total > Billion cubic meters: Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country.
Acidification: Percentage of country with acidification excedence
Units: Percent of Land Area
Units: From a map of acidification excedence, all areas at risk within each country were added together in order to calculate the percentage of the entire country at risk of excedence. See pages 21-22 of the 2001 ESI report for more details on how the acidification excedence map was produced.
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry per capita: Water supplied annually, where losses during transportation have been subtracted. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita > Cubic meters: Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country. Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita are calculated using the World Bank's population estimates.
Pollution > PM10, country level > Micrograms per cubic meter: PM10, country level (micrograms per cubic meter). Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a country's technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations.
Wetlands of intl importance > Area: Wetlands of international importance 2002
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > Number: Terrestrial protected areas are those officially documented by national authorities.
CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 PPP $ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Proportion of land and marine area under protection: Terrestrial and marine areas protected to total territorial area, percentage.
Endangered species protection: Percent of CITES reporting requirements met
Units: Percent of Requirements Met
Units: Countries that have not ratified the CITES convention are recorded as having zero percent of their requirements met.
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum per million: GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum). GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiversity potential for each country based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Water > Population connected to wastewater treatment: Population connected to wastewater treatment.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban: Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, urban.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Rural: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, rural.
Pollution > Climate change > Perceived as threat: Percentage of country's population that perceives climate change as a threat. Results are from a 2008 Gallop Poll.
Wildness: Percent of land area having very low anthropogenic impact
Units: Percent of Land Area
Units: Global grids for population (GPW), land use (USGS AVHRR based classification from EROS data center), VMAP roads, VMAP railways, VMAP coastlines, VMAP major rivers and the stable lights data were all scored for "wildness". The scores were aggregated and normalized.
Biosphere > Reserves area: Biosphere reserves area 2002.
Forest area > Sq. km per 1000: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Threatened species > Mammal: Number of threatened mammal species (1997)
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry to households per capita: Water supplied annually to households, where losses during transportation have been subtracted. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Known mammal species: Known mammal species (1992-2002).
World Heritage Sites (environmental): Natural sites.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker: Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day per worker). Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > Billion cubic meters: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999: 1999 total CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement production, and gas flaring. Emissions are expressed in thousand metric tons of carbon (not CO2).
Breeding birds threatened: Percentage of breeding birds threatened
Units: Percent of Breeding Birds
Units: The number of bird species threatened divided by known bird species in the country, expressed as a percentage.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt: CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > Number: Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, urban.
Urban SO2 concentration: Urban SO2 concentration
Units: Micrograms/m3
Units: The values were originally collected at the city level. Each nation varied in terms of the number of cities reported, so this data should be used with some caution. Within each country the values have been normalized by city population for the year 1995, then added together to obtain the total concentration for the given country.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > Current US$: Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production.
Marine areas under protection: Protected marine areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003)
Water > Proportion of marine area under protection: Marine areas protected to territorial waters, percentage.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > Current US$: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage."
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999 per 1000: 1999 total CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement production, and gas flaring. Emissions are expressed in thousand metric tons of carbon (not CO2). Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Freshwater > Withdrawal per million: . Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Emissions > PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter: Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a country's technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations."
Wetlands of intl importance > Area per million: Wetlands of international importance 2002. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Known mammal species per million: Known mammal species (1992-2002). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Areas under protection per million: Protected Areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Water > Salinisation: Electrical conductivity
Units: Micro-Siemens/Centimeter
Units: The country values represent averages of the station-level values for the three year time period 1994-96, except where data were only available for an earlier time period (1988-1993). The number of stations per country varies depending on country size; number of water bodies; and level of participation in the GEMS monitoring system.
Marine areas under protection per million: Protected marine areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Areas under protection: Protected Areas under IUCN management categories I - VI (1992-2003)
Biosphere > Reserves area per million: Biosphere reserves area 2002. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Fertiliser > Consumption: Fertilizer consumption per hectare of arable land
Units: Hundreds Grams/Hectare of Arable Land
Urban NO2 concentration: Urban NO2 concentration
Units: Micrograms/m3
Units: The values were originally collected at the city level. Each nation varied in terms of the number of cities reported, so this data should be used with some caution. Within each country the values have been normalized by city population for the year 1995, then added together to obtain the total concentration for the given country.
Non-wildness: Percent of land area having very high anthropogenic impact
Units: Percent of Land Area
Units: Global grids for population (GPW), land use (USGS AVHRR based classification from EROS data center), VMAP roads, VMAP railways, VMAP coastlines, VMAP major rivers and the stable lights data were all scored for "wildness". The scores were aggregated and normalized.
Known breeding bird species per million: Known breeding bird mammal species (1992-2002). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker: Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter: Particulate matter concentrations refer to fine suspended particulates less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing significant health damage. Data for countries and aggregates for regions and income groups are urban-population weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of the average urban resident to outdoor particulate matter. The state of a countryÂ’s technology and pollution controls is an important determinant of particulate matter concentrations.
Pollution > Water pollution, textile industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, textile industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Forest area > % of land area: Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > % of total: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Total natural resources rents > % of GDP: Total natural resources rents (% of GDP). Total natural resources rents are the sum of oil rents, natural gas rents, coal rents (hard and soft), mineral rents, and forest rents.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Agriculture > % of total freshwater withdrawal: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry to households: Water supplied annually to households, where losses during transportation have been subtracted.
Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > % of total surface area: Terrestrial protected areas are those officially documented by national authorities.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > % of GNI: Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > % of total surface area: Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker: Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per PPP $ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2005 PPP $ of GDP: Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI: Carbon dioxide damage is estimated to be $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted.
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change sign date: Signature.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > Current US$: Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital.
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry: Water supplied annually, where losses during transportation have been subtracted.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: primary metals (ISIC division 37). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > Current US$: Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to avoid mortality attributable to particulate emissions.
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent per million: GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent). GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF refers to changes in atmospheric levels of all greenhouse gases attributable to forest and land-use change activities, including but not limited to (1) emissions and removals of CO2 from decreases or increases in biomass stocks due to forest management, logging, fuelwood collection, etc.; (2) conversion of existing forests and natural grasslands to other land uses; (3) removal of CO2 from the abandonment of formerly managed lands (e.g. croplands and pastures); and (4) emissions and removals of CO2 in soil associated with land-use change and management. For Annex-I countries under the UNFCCC, these data are drawn from the annual GHG inventories submitted to the UNFCCC by each country; for non-Annex-I countries, data are drawn from the most recently submitted National Communication where available. Because of differences in reporting years and methodologies, these data are not generally considered comparable across countries. Data are in million metric tons. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > % of GNI: Mineral depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of minerals extracted. It refers to bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, zinc, gold, and silver."
Pollution > Water pollution, chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, chemical industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > Current US$: Mineral depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of minerals extracted. It refers to bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, zinc, gold, and silver."
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$, % of GDP: Adjusted net national income (constant 2000 US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Gross savings > % of GNI: Gross savings are the difference between gross national income and public and private consumption, plus net current transfers."
Water > Suspended solids: Suspended solids
Units: Natural Log of Milligrams/Liter
Units: The country values represent averages of the station-level values for the three year time period 1994-96, exceptwhere data were only available for an earlier time period (1988-1993). The number of stations per country varies depending on country size; number of bodies of water; and level of participation in the GEMS monitoring system. Data from "The Wellbeing of Nations" included a smaller subset of stations representing outfalls of majorwatersheds. An analysis of a sample of countries with numerous stations found that the data for stations in the subset is broadly comparable to the data for all GEMS stations in those countries. The data in this table was transformed using the natural logarithm.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt: CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > Current US$: Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide. This series excludes particulate emissions damage."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > Current US$: Energy depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of energy extracted. It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal."
Water pollution > Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Pollution > Water pollution, wood industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, wood industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: wood (33). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Known breeding bird species: Known breeding bird mammal species (1992-2002).
Water pollution > Food industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: food and beverages (31). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution > Water pollution, food industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, food industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: food and beverages (31). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution > Water pollution, other industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, other industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: other (38 and 39). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution > Water pollution, paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, paper and pulp industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent: GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent). GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF refers to changes in atmospheric levels of all greenhouse gases attributable to forest and land-use change activities, including but not limited to (1) emissions and removals of CO2 from decreases or increases in biomass stocks due to forest management, logging, fuelwood collection, etc.; (2) conversion of existing forests and natural grasslands to other land uses; (3) removal of CO2 from the abandonment of formerly managed lands (e.g. croplands and pastures); and (4) emissions and removals of CO2 in soil associated with land-use change and management. For Annex-I countries under the UNFCCC, these data are drawn from the annual GHG inventories submitted to the UNFCCC by each country; for non-Annex-I countries, data are drawn from the most recently submitted National Communication where available. Because of differences in reporting years and methodologies, these data are not generally considered comparable across countries. Data are in million metric tons.
Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: other (38 and 39). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Water > Phosphorus concentration: Phosphorus concentration
Units: Milligrams/Liter
Units: The country values represent averages of the station-level values for the three year time period 1994-96, except where data were only available for an earlier time period (1988-1993). The number of stations per country varies depending on country size; number of bodies of water; and level of participation in the GEMS monitoring system. The data from "The Wellbeing of Nations" included a smaller subset of stations representing outfalls of major watersheds. An analysis of a sample of countries with numerous stations found that the data for stations in the subset is broadly comparable to the data for all GEMS stations in those countries.
Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to avoid mortality attributable to particulate emissions.
International agreements > Signed but not ratified: The various international environmental agreements which a country has signed but not ratified. Agreements are listed in alphabetical order by the abbreviated form of the full name.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > % of GNI: Energy depletion is equal to the product of unit resource rents and the physical quantities of energy extracted. It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > % of GNI: Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: other (38 and 39). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Marine protected areas > % of territorial waters: Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters). Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI: Carbon dioxide damage is estimated to be $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted.
Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: textiles (32). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Pollution > Water pollution, metal industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, metal industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: primary metals (ISIC division 37). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
CO2 Emissions: CO2: Total Emissions (excluding land-use) Units: thousand metric tonnes of carbon dioxide
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > % of total: CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total). Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > % of total: CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total). Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved sanitation > Rural: Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, rural.
Pollution > Water pollution, clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions: Water pollution, clay and glass industry (% of total BOD emissions). Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: stone, ceramics, and glass (36). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: paper and pulp (34). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Industry > % of total freshwater withdrawal: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for industry are total withdrawals for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Domestic > % of total freshwater withdrawal: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Water pollution > Clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: stone, ceramics, and glass (36). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > Current US$: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide. This series excludes particulate emissions damage."
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > % of internal resources: Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > % of GNI: Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions: Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants."
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to avoid mortality attributable to particulate emissions.
Adjusted net national income > Current US$, % of GDP: Adjusted net national income (current US$). Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > % of GNI: Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage."

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STAT	France	Madagascar
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$	$1.90 trillion Ranked 7th. 388 times more than Madagascar	$4.91 billion Ranked 77th.
Biodiversity > Mammal species, threatened	8 Ranked 114th.	65 Ranked 7th. 8 times more than France
CO2 Emissions per 1000	5.84 Ranked 45th. 41 times more than Madagascar	0.143 Ranked 153th.
CO2 emissions > Kt	373,864.1 kt Ranked 13th. 160 times more than Madagascar	2,340.66 kt Ranked 128th.
Current issues	some forest damage from acid rain; air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution from urban wastes, agricultural runoff	soil erosion results from deforestation and overgrazing; desertification; surface water contaminated with raw sewage and other organic wastes; several endangered species of flora and fauna unique to the island
Ecological footprint	4.9 Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Madagascar	1.2 Ranked 44th.
Endangered species > Mammal species > Number	9 Ranked 95th.	62 Ranked 7th. 7 times more than France
Forest area > Sq. km > Per capita	2.56 kmÂ² per 1,000 people Ranked 101st.	6.9 kmÂ² per 1,000 people Ranked 63th. 3 times more than France
Marine fish catch	498,887 tons Ranked 26th. 6 times more than Madagascar	87,958 tons Ranked 57th.
Marine fish catch per 1000	8.25 tons Ranked 51st. 43% more than Madagascar	5.76 tons Ranked 59th.
Proportion of land area under protection	24.74% Ranked 46th. 5 times more than Madagascar	4.99% Ranked 166th.
Waste > Local garbage collected	34.5 million tonnes Ranked 4th. 82 times more than Madagascar	419,385.01 tonnes Ranked 60th.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban and rural	100 Ranked 30th. 2 times more than Madagascar	48.11 Ranked 190th.
Water > Severe water stress	19.4 Ranked 53th. 11 times more than Madagascar	1.7 Ranked 78th.
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day	578,173.1 Ranked 6th. 6 times more than Madagascar	92,769.68 Ranked 9th.
National parks > Number of parks	10 Ranked 15th.	18 Ranked 4th. 80% more than France
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita	6 Ranked 61st. 50 times more than Madagascar	0.12 Ranked 174th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Metric tons per capita	5.56 Ranked 65th. 58 times more than Madagascar	0.0955 Ranked 186th.
Biodiversity > Bird species, threatened	9 Ranked 137th.	35 Ranked 26th. 4 times more than France
Carbon efficiency	0.78 CO2 emissions/$ GDP Ranked 94th. 3 times more than Madagascar	0.3 CO2 emissions/$ GDP Ranked 125th.
CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000	6.01 kt Ranked 54th. 44 times more than Madagascar	0.136 kt Ranked 173th.
Endangered species > Bird species	6 Ranked 131st.	35 Ranked 23th. 6 times more than France
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$30,107.62 Ranked 14th. 126 times more than Madagascar	$239.48 Ranked 96th.
SO2 emissions per populated area	1,090 thousand metric tons/squ Ranked 48th. 27 times more than Madagascar	40 thousand metric tons/squ Ranked 140th.
Waste > Local garbage collected per thousand people	533.27 tonnes Ranked 23th. 25 times more than Madagascar	21.65 tonnes Ranked 72nd.
Waste > Hazardous waste created	10.89 million tonnes Ranked 6th. 237 times more than Madagascar	45,957 tonnes Ranked 16th.
Biodiversity > Fish species, threatened	46 Ranked 41st.	87 Ranked 12th. 89% more than France
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt	361,272.84 Ranked 19th. 179 times more than Madagascar	2,013.18 Ranked 144th.
CO2 emissions > Kt > Per capita	6.21 kt per 1,000 people Ranked 56th. 47 times more than Madagascar	0.133 kt per 1,000 people Ranked 177th.
Endangered species > Fish species > Number	31 Ranked 36th.	75 Ranked 7th. 2 times more than France
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day	569,353.3 Ranked 7th. 6 times more than Madagascar	92,769.68 Ranked 28th.
Pollution > Climate change > Agrees climate change is caused by human activity	63% Ranked 44th.	67% Ranked 31st. 6% more than France
Water > Percent of water resources used	14.98% Ranked 38th. 3 times more than Madagascar	4.9% Ranked 76th.
Endangered species > Higher plant species > Number	8 Ranked 93th.	281 Ranked 7th. 35 times more than France
NOx emissions per populated area	0.99 thousand metric tons/squ Ranked 22nd. 9 times more than Madagascar	0.11 thousand metric tons/squ Ranked 121st.
Water > Dissolved oxygen concentration	10.33 mls/litre Ranked 17th. 66% more than Madagascar	6.24 mls/litre Ranked 110th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kt per 1000	5.56 Ranked 65th. 58 times more than Madagascar	0.0955 Ranked 186th.
Forest area > Sq. km	155,540 kmÂ² Ranked 36th. 21% more than Madagascar	128,380 kmÂ² Ranked 42nd.
Climate change > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP	$0.16 Ranked 171st.	$0.35 Ranked 130th. 2 times more than France
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban and rural	100 Ranked 30th. 7 times more than Madagascar	13.65 Ranked 182nd.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kt	371,452.66 Ranked 16th. 165 times more than Madagascar	2,249.7 Ranked 132nd.
Water > Availability	3.26 thousand cubic metres Ranked 65th.	22.55 thousand cubic metres Ranked 24th. 7 times more than France
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Rural	100 Ranked 31st. 3 times more than Madagascar	33.82 Ranked 186th.
Biodiversity > Plant species > Higher, threatened	32 Ranked 66th.	369 Ranked 7th. 12 times more than France
Threatened species	89 Ranked 21st.	120 Ranked 12th. 35% more than France
Adjusted net national income > Current US$ per capita	$37,286.71 Ranked 16th. 93 times more than Madagascar	$401.95 Ranked 146th.
Waste > Population served by local garbage collection	100% Ranked 3rd. 6 times more than Madagascar	17.71% Ranked 58th.
Biodiversity > Number	5.3 Ranked 47th.	29.22 Ranked 14th. 6 times more than France
Adjusted net national income > Current US$	$2.44 trillion Ranked 6th. 280 times more than Madagascar	$8.71 billion Ranked 108th.
Water > Freshwater internal flow	203.74 billion cubic metres Ranked 4th.	337 billion cubic metres Ranked 5th. 65% more than France
Water > Freshwater internal flow per capita	3,165.12 cubic metres Ranked 14th.	17,397.12 cubic metres Ranked 7th. 5 times more than France
Pollution > Climate change > Climate change awareness	93% Ranked 17th. 90% more than Madagascar	49% Ranked 94th.
Waste > Hazardous waste created per thousand people	169.22 tonnes Ranked 16th. 71 times more than Madagascar	2.37 tonnes Ranked 20th.
Protected area	11.7% Ranked 32nd. 6 times more than Madagascar	1.9% Ranked 116th.
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum	5.3 Ranked 48th.	29.22 Ranked 14th. 6 times more than France
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 US$ of GDP	$0.25 Ranked 161st.	$0.46 Ranked 121st. 84% more than France
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources > Total > Billion cubic meters	178.5 Ranked 40th.	337 Ranked 24th. 89% more than France
Acidification	18.84% Ranked 20th.	0.0 Ranked 134th.
Freshwater > Withdrawal	33.16 Ranked 21st. 2 times more than Madagascar	14.96 Ranked 33th.
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry per capita	92.66 cubic metres Ranked 20th. 18 times more than Madagascar	5.21 cubic metres Ranked 56th.
Freshwater > Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita > Cubic meters	2,866.21 Ranked 87th.	17,633.88 Ranked 39th. 6 times more than France
Pollution > PM10, country level > Micrograms per cubic meter	11.93 Ranked 169th.	27.97 Ranked 91st. 2 times more than France
Wetlands of intl importance > Area	795 thousand hectares Ranked 19th. 15 times more than Madagascar	53 thousand hectares Ranked 79th.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > Number	1,541 Ranked 19th. 29 times more than Madagascar	53 Ranked 92nd.
CO2 emissions > Kg per 2000 PPP $ of GDP	0.23 kg/PPP$ Ranked 114th. 35% more than Madagascar	0.17 kg/PPP$ Ranked 130th.
Proportion of land and marine area under protection	28.7% Ranked 26th. 6 times more than Madagascar	4.72% Ranked 152nd.
Endangered species protection	100% Ranked 20th. 14% more than Madagascar	87.5% Ranked 41st.
Biodiversity > GEF benefits index for biodiversity > 0 = no biodiversity potential to 100 = maximum per million	0.0823 Ranked 143th.	1.47 Ranked 49th. 18 times more than France
Water > Population connected to wastewater treatment	80% Ranked 11th.	0.0 Ranked 52nd.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved drinking water sources > Urban	100 Ranked 40th. 29% more than Madagascar	77.69 Ranked 191st.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Rural	100% Ranked 30th. 9 times more than Madagascar	11.08% Ranked 169th.
Pollution > Climate change > Perceived as threat	75% Ranked 10th. 63% more than Madagascar	46% Ranked 69th.
Wildness	0.04% Ranked 108th.	17.48% Ranked 51st. 437 times more than France
Biosphere > Reserves area	900 thousand hectares Ranked 37th. 3 times more than Madagascar	293 thousand hectares Ranked 51st.
Forest area > Sq. km per 1000	2.46 kmÂ² Ranked 101st.	7.02 kmÂ² Ranked 62nd. 3 times more than France
Threatened species > Mammal	13 Ranked 64th.	46 Ranked 10th. 4 times more than France
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry to households per capita	55.64 cubic metres Ranked 16th. 13 times more than Madagascar	4.16 cubic metres Ranked 45th.
Known mammal species	93 Ranked 89th.	141 Ranked 63th. 52% more than France
World Heritage Sites (environmental)	3 Ranked 14th. 50% more than Madagascar	2 Ranked 26th.
Pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker	0.16 Ranked 39th. 18% more than Madagascar	0.135 Ranked 56th.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > Billion cubic meters	39.96 Ranked 20th. 3 times more than Madagascar	14.96 Ranked 35th.
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999	98,168 Ranked 12th. 190 times more than Madagascar	518 Ranked 130th.
Breeding birds threatened	1.86% Ranked 86th.	13.37% Ranked 7th. 7 times more than France
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000	3.21 Ranked 53th. 38 times more than Madagascar	0.084 Ranked 183th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt	97,428.52 Ranked 16th.	0.0 Ranked 192nd.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt	45,694.49 Ranked 25th. 430 times more than Madagascar	106.34 Ranked 101st.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > Kt per 1000	1.5 Ranked 46th.	0.0 Ranked 192nd.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > Kt per 1000	0.703 Ranked 49th. 139 times more than Madagascar	0.00504 Ranked 107th.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > Number	64 Ranked 14th. 8 times more than Madagascar	8 Ranked 75th.
Sanitation > Population with improved sanitation > Urban	100 Ranked 32nd. 5 times more than Madagascar	18.99 Ranked 189th.
Urban SO2 concentration	13.89 micrograms/m3 Ranked 117th.	89.7 micrograms/m3 Ranked 34th. 6 times more than France
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > Current US$	$399.60 billion Ranked 5th. 571 times more than Madagascar	$699.74 million Ranked 113th.
Marine areas under protection	70 Ranked 6th. 35 times more than Madagascar	2 Ranked 80th.
Water > Proportion of marine area under protection	58.55% Ranked 7th. 17 times more than Madagascar	3.45% Ranked 84th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > Current US$	$282.38 billion Ranked 3rd. 430 times more than Madagascar	$657.46 million Ranked 73th.
Pollution > Carbon dioxide 1999 per 1000	1.62 Ranked 53th. 48 times more than Madagascar	0.0339 Ranked 165th.
Freshwater > Withdrawal per million	0.544 Ranked 49th.	0.95 Ranked 22nd. 75% more than France
Emissions > PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter	13.48 Ranked 164th.	33.84 Ranked 89th. 3 times more than France
Wetlands of intl importance > Area per million	12.86 thousand hectares Ranked 56th. 4 times more than Madagascar	3.17 thousand hectares Ranked 79th.
Known mammal species per million	1.5 Ranked 134th.	8.42 Ranked 90th. 6 times more than France
Areas under protection per million	21.29 Ranked 26th. 6 times more than Madagascar	3.6 Ranked 72nd.
Water > Salinisation	299.38 Ranked 110th.	436.49 Ranked 89th. 46% more than France
Marine areas under protection per million	1.12 Ranked 29th. 10 times more than Madagascar	0.116 Ranked 82nd.
Areas under protection	1,325 Ranked 10th. 21 times more than Madagascar	62 Ranked 63th.
Biosphere > Reserves area per million	14.56 thousand hectares Ranked 53th.	17.51 thousand hectares Ranked 50th. 20% more than France
Fertiliser > Consumption	2,630.98 hundred grams/hectare Ranked 23th. 78 times more than Madagascar	33.83 hundred grams/hectare Ranked 126th.
Urban NO2 concentration	56.61 micrograms/m3 Ranked 53th.	74.32 micrograms/m3 Ranked 13th. 31% more than France
Non-wildness	24.26% Ranked 10th. 26 times more than Madagascar	0.92% Ranked 103th.
Known breeding bird species per million	4.58 Ranked 125th.	10.28 Ranked 100th. 2 times more than France
Water pollution > Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker	0.16 Ranked 30th. 14% more than Madagascar	0.14 Ranked 26th.
PM10 > Country level > Micrograms per cubic meter	13.85 mcg/mÂ³ Ranked 170th.	45.35 mcg/mÂ³ Ranked 76th. 3 times more than France
Pollution > Water pollution, textile industry > % of total BOD emissions	4.79% Ranked 51st.	58.95% Ranked 4th. 12 times more than France
Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions	2.27% Ranked 19th. 3 times more than Madagascar	0.8% Ranked 88th.
Forest area > % of land area	28.27% of land area Ranked 101st. 28% more than Madagascar	22.08% of land area Ranked 115th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > % of total	57.86% Ranked 112th.	87.98% Ranked 66th. 52% more than France
Water pollution > Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions	5.12% Ranked 40th.	58.95% Ranked 3rd. 12 times more than France
Total natural resources rents > % of GDP	0.0778% Ranked 153th.	5.68% Ranked 67th. 73 times more than France
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Agriculture > % of total freshwater withdrawal	9.81% Ranked 123th.	95.66% Ranked 12th. 10 times more than France
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry to households	3.41 billion cubic metres Ranked 3rd. 42 times more than Madagascar	80.5 million cubic metres Ranked 37th.
Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions	12.85% Ranked 6th. 4 times more than Madagascar	3.21% Ranked 87th.
Biodiversity and protected areas > Terrestrial protected areas > % of total surface area	15.37% Ranked 75th. 5 times more than Madagascar	3.09% Ranked 152nd.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > % of GNI	4.88% Ranked 91st.	7.22% Ranked 76th. 48% more than France
Biodiversity and protected areas > Marine protected areas > % of total surface area	3.24% Ranked 46th. 32 times more than Madagascar	0.1% Ranked 120th.
Organic water pollutant > BOD emissions > Kg per day per worker	0.15 kg per day per worker Ranked 23th.	0.27 kg per day per worker Ranked 12th. 80% more than France
Freshwater > Withdrawal > Agricultural	10% Ranked 121st.	96% Ranked 14th. 10 times more than France
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per PPP $ of GDP	$0.18 Ranked 130th. 50% more than Madagascar	$0.12 Ranked 152nd.
Emissions > CO2 emissions > Kg per 2005 PPP $ of GDP	$0.19 Ranked 131st. 46% more than Madagascar	$0.13 Ranked 151st.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI	0.1% Ranked 154th.	0.26% Ranked 104th. 3 times more than France
Pollution > Greenhouse gas emissions > United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change sign date	June 13, 1992	June 10, 1992
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net national savings > Current US$	$140.63 billion Ranked 8th. 207 times more than Madagascar	$679.49 million Ranked 92nd.
Water > Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry	5.68 billion cubic metres Ranked 6th. 56 times more than Madagascar	101 million cubic metres Ranked 46th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Metal industry > % of total BOD emissions	3.27% Ranked 23th. 10 times more than Madagascar	0.33% Ranked 24th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > Current US$	$167.31 million Ranked 42nd. 18 times more than Madagascar	$9.40 million Ranked 107th.
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent per million	-0.988 Ranked 23th.	-14.815 Ranked 57th. 15 times more than France
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > % of GNI	0.0 Ranked 152nd.	0.0 Ranked 155th.
Pollution > Water pollution, chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions	14.96% Ranked 7th. 21% more than Madagascar	12.38% Ranked 16th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Mineral depletion > Current US$	$20.12 million Ranked 70th.	0.0 Ranked 186th.
Adjusted net national income > Constant 2000 US$, % of GDP	89.03% Ranked 28th. 56% more than Madagascar	57.14% Ranked 74th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Gross savings > % of GNI	18.74% Ranked 76th. 28% more than Madagascar	14.65% Ranked 98th.
Water > Suspended solids	3.24 mls/litre Ranked 124th.	6.13 mls/litre Ranked 34th. 89% more than France
Climate change > CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption > Kt	209,022.67 Ranked 14th. 118 times more than Madagascar	1,771.16 Ranked 135th.
Freshwater > Withdrawal > Domestic	16% Ranked 60th. 5 times more than Madagascar	3% Ranked 112th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > Current US$	0.0 Ranked 156th.	$236.52 million Ranked 16th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > % of GNI	9.8% Ranked 50th. 38% more than Madagascar	7.09% Ranked 70th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > Current US$	$724.52 million Ranked 69th.	0.0 Ranked 187th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Wood industry > % of total BOD emissions	2.32% Ranked 34th.	6.29% Ranked 8th. 3 times more than France
Pollution > Water pollution, wood industry > % of total BOD emissions	2.36% Ranked 43th.	6.29% Ranked 12th. 3 times more than France
Known breeding bird species	283 Ranked 23th. 65% more than Madagascar	172 Ranked 101st.
Water pollution > Food industry > % of total BOD emissions	49.53% Ranked 16th.	75.61% Ranked 9th. 53% more than France
Pollution > Water pollution, food industry > % of total BOD emissions	16.61% Ranked 33th. 2 times more than Madagascar	7.64% Ranked 60th.
Pollution > Water pollution, other industry > % of total BOD emissions	46.9% Ranked 15th. 5 times more than Madagascar	10% Ranked 58th.
Pollution > Water pollution, paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions	7.39% Ranked 15th. 5 times more than Madagascar	1.57% Ranked 63th.
Climate change > GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF > Mt of CO2 equivalent	-63.92 Ranked 36th.	-233.256 Ranked 56th. 4 times more than France
Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions	11.14% Ranked 6th. 10 times more than Madagascar	1.13% Ranked 85th.
Water > Phosphorus concentration	0.17 mls/litre Ranked 105th.	0.45 mls/litre Ranked 43th. 3 times more than France
Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI	0.02% of GNI Ranked 158th.	0.23% of GNI Ranked 107th. 12 times more than France
International agreements > Signed but not ratified	none of the selected agreements	none of the selected agreements
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Energy depletion > % of GNI	0.03% Ranked 86th.	0.0 Ranked 157th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Consumption of fixed capital > % of GNI	13.86% Ranked 24th. 87% more than Madagascar	7.43% Ranked 143th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Other industry > % of total BOD emissions	46.92% Ranked 14th. 5 times more than Madagascar	10% Ranked 26th.
Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions	13.83% Ranked 16th. 2 times more than Madagascar	6.75% Ranked 81st.
Marine protected areas > % of territorial waters	12.09% Ranked 43th. 102 times more than Madagascar	0.119% Ranked 129th.
Adjusted savings > Carbon dioxide damage > % of GNI	0.12% of GNI Ranked 155th.	0.34% of GNI Ranked 96th. 3 times more than France
Water pollution > Textile industry > % of total BOD emissions	2.94% Ranked 29th.	12.41% Ranked 58th. 4 times more than France
Pollution > Water pollution, metal industry > % of total BOD emissions	3.19% Ranked 32nd. 10 times more than Madagascar	0.333% Ranked 58th.
CO2 Emissions	363,484 Ranked 11th. 147 times more than Madagascar	2,467.3 Ranked 118th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption > % of total	12.65% Ranked 65th. 2 times more than Madagascar	5.28% Ranked 85th.
Freshwater > Withdrawal > Industrial	74% Ranked 1st. 37 times more than Madagascar	2% Ranked 98th.
Climate change > CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption > % of total	26.97% Ranked 51st.	0.0 Ranked 192nd.
Water > Drinking water > Population with improved sanitation > Rural	100 Ranked 30th. 9 times more than Madagascar	11.08 Ranked 169th.
Pollution > Water pollution, clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions	3.81% Ranked 48th. 34% more than Madagascar	2.83% Ranked 57th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Paper and pulp industry > % of total BOD emissions	7.41% Ranked 18th. 5 times more than Madagascar	1.57% Ranked 28th.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Industry > % of total freshwater withdrawal	74.47% Ranked 6th. 48 times more than Madagascar	1.54% Ranked 117th.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Domestic > % of total freshwater withdrawal	15.72% Ranked 68th. 6 times more than Madagascar	2.81% Ranked 125th.
Water pollution > Clay and glass industry > % of total BOD emissions	0.19% Ranked 22nd. 2 times more than Madagascar	0.09% Ranked 92nd.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Excluding particulate emission damage > Current US$	$282.55 billion Ranked 4th. 424 times more than Madagascar	$666.86 million Ranked 73th.
Freshwater > Annual freshwater withdrawals > Total > % of internal resources	22.39% Ranked 49th. 5 times more than Madagascar	4.44% Ranked 87th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Net forest depletion > % of GNI	0.0 Ranked 146th.	2.51% Ranked 12th.
Water pollution > Water pollution > Chemical industry > % of total BOD emissions	14.98% Ranked 10th. 21% more than Madagascar	12.38% Ranked 6th.
Adjusted savings > Adjusted savings > Particulate emission damage > % of GNI	0.01% Ranked 147th.	0.1% Ranked 101st. 10 times more than France
Adjusted net national income > Current US$, % of GDP	87.69% Ranked 35th.	87.91% Ranked 32nd. About the same as France
Adjusted savings > Adjusted net savings > Including particulate emission damage > % of GNI	9.8% Ranked 46th. 40% more than Madagascar	6.99% Ranked 68th.

SOURCES: The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre; World Resources Institute. 2003. Carbon Emissions from energy use and cement manufacturing, 1850 to 2000. Available on-line through the Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) at Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Development Indicators database; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Living Planet Report 2000, Gland, Switzerland: 2000, and Redefining Progress.; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, and International Union for Conservation of Nature, Red List of Threatened Species.; FAOSTAT on-line database; FAOSTAT on-line database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, WaterGap 2.1, 2000 via ciesin.org; 1998 study by Hemamala Hettige, Muthukumara Mani, and David Wheeler, ""Industrial Pollution in Economic Development: Kuznets Revisited"" (available at www.worldbank.org/nipr). The data were updated through 2005 by the World Bank's Development Research Group using the same methodology as the initial study.; Wikipedia: List of national parks (Africa); Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre; Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Special Report on Emissions Scenarios, Data Version 1.1, B1Illustrative Marker Scenario with model IMAGE; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. FishBase database, www.fishbase.org.; Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org. version (07/2008). Accessed: 28 September 2008.; Industrial Pollution in Economic Development: Kuznets Revisited; Wikipedia: Climate change opinion by country; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Global Environmental Monitoring System/Water Quality Monitoring System, with data for an additional 29 countries from Prescott-Allen,R. The Well being of Nations, Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001; Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Center for Environmental Systems Research, University of Kassel, WaterGAP 2.1B, 2001 via ciesin.org; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations World Statistics Pocketbook and Statistical Yearbook; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Kiran Dev Pandey, Piet Buys, Ken Chomitz, and David Wheeler's, ""Biodiversity Conservation Indicators: New Tools for Priority Setting at the Global Environment Facility"" (2006).; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a5, Freshwater internal flow; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a5, Freshwater internal flow. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Jacaranda Atlas; Kiran Dev Pandey, Piet Buys, Ken Chomitz, and David Wheeler's, "Biodiversity Conservation Indicators: New Tools for Priority Setting at the Global Environment Facility" (2006).; Food and Agriculture Organisation, AQUASTAT data.; Stockholm Environment Institute at York, Acidification in Developing Countries: Ecosystem Sensitivity and the Critical Loads Approach at the Global scale, 2000 via ciesin.org; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a29, Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank, Development Research Group and Environment Department; World Resources Institute; United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the World Resources Institute, based on data from national authorities, national legislation and international agreements.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, Report on National Reports Required Under Article VIII, Paragraph 7(a), of the Convention, Eleventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties, Gigiri, Kenya, April 2000; Kiran Dev Pandey, Piet Buys, Ken Chomitz, and David Wheeler's, "Biodiversity Conservation Indicators: New Tools for Priority Setting at the Global Environment Facility" (2006). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wild Areas Project (WAP), joint Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and CIESIN project to map the lastwild places on the earth's surface. via ciesin.org; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ENV&f=variableID%3a38, Net freshwater supplied by water supply industry to: Households. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Table of World Heritage Sites by country (Table of World Heritage Sites); World Bank and UNIDO's industry database.; Gregg Marland, Tom Boden, and Bob Andres, University of North Dakota, via net publication; 2000 IUCN Red List, and World Resources Institute,World Resources 2000-2001, Washington, DC: WRI, 2000. Original sources: World Conservation Monitoring Center, IUCN-The World Conservation Union, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and other sources.; United Nations Statistics Division. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Kiren Dev Pandey, David Wheeler, Bart Ostro, Uwe Deichmann, Kirk Hamilton, and Katherine Bolt. ""Ambient Particulate Matter Concentrations in Residential and Pollution Hotspot Areas of World Cities: New Estimates Based on the Global Model of Ambient Particulates (GMAPS),"" World Bank, Development Research Group and Environment Department (2006).; World Resources Institute. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank, World Development Indicators 2001. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2001. via ciesin.org; Wild Areas Project (WAP), joint Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and CIESIN project to map the last wild places on the earth's surface. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in Arundhati Kunte and others' ""Estimating National Wealth: Methodology and Results"" (1998).; The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium. GDP figures sourced from World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; World Bank national accounts data files.; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Global Environmental Monitoring System/Water Quality Monitoring System, with data for an additional 29 countries from Prescott-Allen, R. The Well being of Nations, Washington, DC: Island Press, 2001; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.; World Resources Institute. 2003. Carbon Emissions from energy use and cement manufacturing, 1850 to 2000. Available on-line through the Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) at Washington, DC: World Resources Institute; United Nations Statistics Division Original html

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