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Education Stats: compare key data on India & Japan

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Definitions

  • Average years of schooling of adults: Average years of schooling of adults is the years of formal schooling received, on average, by adults over age 15. (Data Source: Barro-Lee Data Set www.worldbank.org/html/prdmg/grthweb/ddbarle2.htm)
  • Children out of school, primary: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
  • Children out of school, primary per 1000: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Children out of school, primary, female: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
  • College and university > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for college and university enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
  • College and university > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to post-secondary education.
  • Compulsary education duration: Number of years students are required to be enrolled in school for all levels of education. For instance, compulsary education lasts for 12 years in the United States.
  • Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP: Percentage of public funding for education out of country's total GDP.
  • High school enrolment rate: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
  • Literacy > Total population: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
  • Primary education, duration > Years: Primary education, duration (years). Duration of primary is the number of grades (years) in primary education.
  • Primary education, teachers per 1000: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Pupil-teacher ratio, primary: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Primary is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers.
  • Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers.
  • Secondary education, duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years). Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (years) in secondary education (ISCED 2 & 3).
  • Average IQ: Average IQ of different countries according to the controversial book "IQ and the Wealth of Nations".
  • Literacy > Female: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
  • Children out of school, primary, female per 1000: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • College and university > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
  • Child care (preschool) > Duration: Number of years students study at the pre-primary (preschool) level. It should be noted that not all countries require pre-primary education.
  • Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Duration of compulsory education: Duration of compulsory education is the number of grades (or years) that a child must legally be enrolled in school.
  • Secondary education, pupils: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions.
  • Primary education, teachers: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
  • Primary education, pupils: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions.
  • Tertiary enrollment: Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary level is the sum of all tertiary level students enrolled at the start of the school year, expressed as a percentage of the mid-year population in the 5 year age group after the official secondary school leaving age.
  • Spending per student > College and university: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
  • High school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
  • Compulsary education starting age: Age at which children must be enrolled in school.
  • Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Literacy > Definition: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
  • High school > Upper secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the upper secondary (high school) level.
  • Literacy > Male: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
  • Spending > USD: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment."
  • High school > Private school share: Percentage of secondary students who attend a private school.
  • Spending > Proportion: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. Expressed as a proportion of GNI."
  • Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
  • Child care (preschool) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin pre-primary (preschool) education.
  • High school repeaters > Male: Repeaters in secondary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in secondary school."
  • Preschool enrollment rate: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
  • Tertiary > Students studying abroad: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year.
  • Elementary (primary school) > Duration: Number of years students study at the primary level.
  • Secondary education, teachers: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
  • Secondary education, teachers per 1000: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for pre-primary (preschool) education.
  • High school > Lower secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the lower secondary (middle school) level.
  • Children out of school, primary, male per 1000: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Spending per student > High school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
  • Secondary education, general pupils: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
  • High school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for secondary level enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
  • Scientific and technical journal articles: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
  • College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female: Percentage of country's college and university professors that are female.
  • Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion: The number of students from a given country studying abroad in a given year, expressed as a percentage of total tertiary enrollment in that country. Ratios greater than 100 % are possible, because those currently studying abroad do not count towards total enrollment.
  • Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Scouting > Genders admitted: Admits boys/girls.
  • Elementary (primary school) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin primary education.
  • Children out of school, primary, male: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
  • High school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for all levels of secondary education.
  • Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training.
  • Spending per student > Elementary school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
  • Secondary school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age (years). Entrance age of 2A lower secondary is the age at which students would enter lower secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
  • High school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age is the age at which students would enter secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
  • Primary education > Teachers > Per capita: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • High school > Population with at least high school education > Women: Population with at least high school education > Women.
  • Public spending per student > Primary level: Public expenditure per student, primary level is the total reported current spending by the government on primary education, divided by the total number of pupils in primary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
  • Primary education, pupils per 1000: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Secondary education, pupils per 1000: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Universities > Top 100: Number of universities in the top 100
  • Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years) is the number of grades (years) in secondary school."
  • Teacher student ratio > High school: Secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
  • High school repeaters > Female: Repeaters in secondary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in secondary school."
  • Teacher student ratio > Elementary school: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 11: Intended hours of instruction per year for 11 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Elementary school > Enrolled students: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
  • Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
  • Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • School enrolment rate > 1st grade: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
  • Secondary education, general pupils per 1000: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 12: Intended hours of instruction per year for 12 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • High school > Lower secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin lower secondary (middle school) education.
  • Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share: Percentage of primary students who attend a private school.
  • Elementary school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
  • High school enrolment rate > Female: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
  • Duration of education > Secondary level: Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (or years) in general secondary education.
  • Public spending per student > Tertiary level: Public expenditure per student, tertiary level is the total reported current spending by the government on tertiary education, divided by the total number of pupils in tertiary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
  • Primary education > Pupils: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
  • Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
  • High school > Population with at least high school education > Men: Gender Inequality Index.
  • Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Secondary education, vocational pupils: Secondary education, vocational pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. Technical/vocational programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
  • Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for education that goes to school staff salaries.
  • Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for primary education.
  • Secondary education > Teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • School enrolment rate > 5th grade: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
  • Scientific and technical journal articles per million: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Duration of education > Primary level: Duration of primary education is the number of grades (or years) in primary education.
  • Participation > Children out of school > Elementary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
  • Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
  • Public spending per student > Secondary level: Public expenditure per student, secondary level is the total reported current spending by the government on secondary education, divided by the total number of pupils in secondary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
  • High school > Upper secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin upper secondary (high school) education.
  • Elementary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
  • Teaching weeks per year > Primary: Average number of weeks taught per year by primary level teachers. Data for 2000.
  • Elementary school repeaters > All: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
  • Universities > Top 200: Number of universities in the top 200
  • Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in primary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
  • Elementary (primary school) > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female: Percentage of country's elementary, or primary, teachers that are female.
  • Primary education > Teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training.
  • Private school enrolment > Primary level: Private sector enrolment share, primary level is the share of primary school pupils who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
  • Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 10: Intended hours of instruction per year for 10 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Primary education > Teachers per 1000: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Secondary education > Pupils per 1000: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Female enrolment share > Primary level: Girls' enrolment share, primary level is the number of girls enrolled in primary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in primary school.
  • Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
  • Universities > Top 50 per million: Number of universities in the top 50. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Universities > Top 200 per million: Number of universities in the top 200. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning technology: Intended instruction time spent studying technology, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Primary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age (years). Entrance age of primary is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
  • Scouting > Members: Members of boy or girl scout groups which are members of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM).
  • Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for primary education that goes to school staff salaries.
  • High school > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to secondary education.
  • Participation > Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
  • Secondary education > General pupils per 1000: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Secondary education > Teachers per 1000: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Ratio of female to male primary enrollment: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
  • Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index in primary, or elementary, school. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled. 
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13: Intended hours of instruction per year for 14 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9: Intended hours of instruction per year for 9 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Female enrolment share > Secondary level: Girls' enrolment share, secondary level is the number of girls enrolled in secondary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in secondary school.
  • Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Scouting > Members per thousand people: Membership (from 2012). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning science: Intended instruction time spent studying science, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Universities > Top 50: Number of universities in the top 50
  • Universities > Top 50 > Per $ GDP: Number of universities in the top 50 Per $ GDP figures expressed per 14.1 billion $ gross domestic product.
  • Elementary school repeaters > Male: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
  • Elementary school repeaters > Female: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
  • High school teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Elementary school teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • High school enrolment rate > Male: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
  • Universities > Top 100 per million: Number of universities in the top 100. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Participation > Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning vocational skills: Intended instruction time spent studying vocational skills, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP: Number of universities in the top 200 Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 billion $ gross domestic product.
  • Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Primary education > Pupils per 1000: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
  • Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in secondary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning foreign languages: Intended instruction time spent studying modern foreign languages, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Pupils reaching grade 5: Pupils reaching grade 5 is the percentage of children who start primary school and eventually reach grade 5.
  • Universities > Top 100 > Per $ GDP: Number of universities in the top 100 Per $ GDP figures expressed per 14.1 billion $ gross domestic product.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning religion: Intended instruction time spent studying religion, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Services, etc., value added > Current US$: Services, etc., value added (current US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • Services, etc., value added > Constant LCU: Services, etc., value added (constant LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant local currency.
  • Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
  • Services, etc., value added > Constant LCU per capita: Services, etc., value added (constant LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Unemployment with primary education > Male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • School enrollment > Preprimary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment.
  • Secondary education > Teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Labor force with tertiary education, female > % of female labor force: Labor force with tertiary education, female (% of female labor force). Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
  • Labor force with primary education > % of total: Labor force with primary education (% of total). Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
  • Labor force with secondary education, male > % of male labor force: Labor force with secondary education, male (% of male labor force). Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
  • Labor force with secondary education > % of total: Labor force with secondary education (% of total). Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
  • Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education (% of total unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Secondary education > Vocational pupils > Per capita: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • High school teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
  • Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
  • High school > Lower Secondary > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for lower secondary (middle school) education.
  • Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > Female > % net: Total enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group."
  • Inputs > Secondary education > Teachers > Female: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Male: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
  • Persistence to last grade of primary, male > % of cohort: Persistence to last grade of primary, male (% of cohort). Survival rate to last grade of primary. Male is the share of male children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary. The estimate is calculated on the basis of the reconstructed cohort method, which uses data on enrolment and repeaters for two consecutive years.
  • School enrollment > Primary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
  • Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Female: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
  • Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
  • Participation > Secondary education > General pupils > % female: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
  • Participation > Secondary education > Pupils > % female: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at secondary level includes enrollments in public and private schools.
  • Persistence to grade 5, total > % of cohort: Persistence to grade 5, total (% of cohort). Survival rate to grade 5. Total is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is calculated on the basis of the reconstructed cohort method, which uses data on enrolment and repeaters for two consecutive years.
  • School enrollment, primary, female > % net: School enrollment, primary, female (% net). Net enrolment rate. Primary. Female is the ratio of female children of the official primary school age who are enrolled in primary school to the female population of the official primary school age.
  • Participation > School enrollment > Tertiary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level."
  • School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
  • School enrollment > Primary > Male > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
  • Services, etc., value added > % of GDP: Services, etc., value added (% of GDP). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99 and they include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.
  • Primary education, teachers > % female: Primary education, teachers (% female). Percentage female teachers. Primary is the number of female teachers at the primary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers (male and female) at the primary level in a given school year. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
  • Tertiary education, teachers > % female: Tertiary education, teachers (% female). Percentage female teachers. Tertiary is the number of female teachers at the tertiary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers (male and female) at the tertiary level in a given school year. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
  • Public spending on education, total > % of government expenditure: Public spending on education, total (% of government expenditure). Public expenditure on education as % of total government expenditure is the total public education expenditure (current and capital) expressed as a percentage of total government expenditure for all sectors in a given financial year. Public education expenditure includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration, and subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).
  • Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$, % of GDP: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
  • Labor force with secondary education, female > % of female labor force: Labor force with secondary education, female (% of female labor force). Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
  • Unemployment with secondary education, female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment with secondary education, female (% of female unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Education spending > % of GDP: Government Education Expenditure (% of GDP, 2000-2002)
  • School enrollment > Secondary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
  • School enrollment > Preprimary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment.
  • Ratio of female to male enrollments in tertiary education: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
  • Expenditure per student > Secondary > % of GDP per capita: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning arts: Intended instruction time spent studying arts, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Male > % of relevant age group: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent in physical education: Intended instruction time spent studying physical education, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Primary completion rate > Total > % of relevant age group: Primary completion rate is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school. It is calculated by taking the total number of students in the last grade of primary school, minus the number of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age.
  • Participation > School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
  • Government spending on education > % of government spending: Public expenditure on education consists of current and capital public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
  • Participation > School enrollment > Primary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
  • Persistence to grade 5 > Male > % of cohort: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
  • School enrollment > Primary > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
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STAT India Japan HISTORY
Average years of schooling of adults 5.1
Ranked 65th. 		9.5
Ranked 13th. 86% more than India
Children out of school, primary 1.39 million
Ranked 4th. 337 times more than Japan 		4,121
Ranked 85th.
Children out of school, primary per 1000 1.14
Ranked 85th. 35 times more than Japan 		0.0322
Ranked 116th.
Children out of school, primary, female 6.11 million
Ranked 1st. 258 times more than Japan 		23,671
Ranked 31st.
College and university > Gender parity index 0.726
Ranked 100th. 		0.891
Ranked 90th. 23% more than India
College and university > Share of total education spending 35.89%
Ranked 3rd. 84% more than Japan 		19.47%
Ranked 23th.
Compulsary education duration 9
Ranked 64th. The same as Japan 		9
Ranked 93th.
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP 3.17%
Ranked 44th. 		3.78%
Ranked 32nd. 19% more than India
High school enrolment rate 85.13
Ranked 70th. 		100
Ranked 2nd. 17% more than India
Literacy > Total population 59.5%
Ranked 134th. 		99%
Ranked 4th. 66% more than India
Primary education, duration > Years 5
Ranked 160th. 		6
Ranked 48th. 20% more than India
Primary education, teachers per 1000 3.21
Ranked 104th. 2% more than Japan 		3.14
Ranked 106th.
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary 35.15
Ranked 29th. Twice as much as Japan 		17.5
Ranked 73th.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary 25.92
Ranked 19th. 2 times more than Japan 		11.79
Ranked 69th.
Secondary education, duration > Years 7
Ranked 50th. 17% more than Japan 		6
Ranked 97th.
Average IQ 81
Ranked 38th. 		105
Ranked 3rd. 30% more than India
Literacy > Female 48.3%
Ranked 131st. 		99%
Ranked 4th. 2 times more than India
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000 5.58
Ranked 38th. 28 times more than Japan 		0.197
Ranked 58th.
College and university > Gender ratio 69.94
Ranked 85th. 		88.42
Ranked 68th. 26% more than India
Child care (preschool) > Duration 3
Ranked 65th. The same as Japan 		3
Ranked 41st.
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita 2.4 per 1,000 people
Ranked 103th. 		4.79 per 1,000 people
Ranked 78th. Twice as much as India
Duration of compulsory education 8 years
Ranked 8th. 		10 years
Ranked 39th. 25% more than India
Secondary education, pupils 113.73 million
Ranked 1st. 16 times more than Japan 		7.28 million
Ranked 11th.
Girls to boys ratio > Primary level enrolment 0.93
Ranked 115th. 		1
Ranked 22nd. 8% more than India
Primary education, teachers 3.92 million
Ranked 2nd. 10 times more than Japan 		401,773
Ranked 9th.
Primary education, pupils 137.75 million
Ranked 1st. 20 times more than Japan 		7.03 million
Ranked 14th.
Tertiary enrollment 10.5%
Ranked 20th. 		47.7%
Ranked 25th. 5 times more than India
Spending per student > College and university 54.98
Ranked 18th. 3 times more than Japan 		20.07
Ranked 42nd.
High school > Gender ratio 85.75
Ranked 116th. 		100.09
Ranked 58th. 17% more than India
Compulsary education starting age 6
Ranked 46th. The same as Japan 		6
Ranked 58th.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million 0.0212
Ranked 98th. 		0.0923
Ranked 94th. 4 times more than India
Literacy > Definition age 15 and over can read and write age 15 and over can read and write
High school > Upper secondary school duration 4
Ranked 27th. 33% more than Japan 		3
Ranked 66th.
Literacy > Male 70.2%
Ranked 131st. 		99%
Ranked 5th. 41% more than India
Spending > USD 36.6 billion
Ranked 15th. 		160.99 billion
Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than India
High school > Private school share 41.89%
Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Japan 		19.22%
Ranked 46th.
Spending > Proportion 3.17
Ranked 121st. The same as Japan 		3.17
Ranked 120th.
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary 40.2
Ranked 27th. 2 times more than Japan 		19.15
Ranked 90th.
Child care (preschool) > Starting age 3
Ranked 125th. The same as Japan 		3
Ranked 89th.
High school repeaters > Male 5.15
Ranked 44th. 		0.0
Ranked 52nd.
Preschool enrollment rate 113.06
Ranked 30th. 11% more than Japan 		101.88
Ranked 78th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad 198,512.54
Ranked 2nd. 6 times more than Japan 		35,954.86
Ranked 20th.
Primary completion rate 90
Ranked 71st. 		101
Ranked 9th. 12% more than India
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level 11.3 million
Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than Japan 		3.98 million
Ranked 5th.
Elementary (primary school) > Duration 5
Ranked 169th. 		6
Ranked 53th. 20% more than India
Secondary education, teachers 4.39 million
Ranked 2nd. 7 times more than Japan 		617,642
Ranked 7th.
Secondary education, teachers per 1000 3.59
Ranked 77th. 		4.83
Ranked 60th. 34% more than India
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher 40.31
Ranked 4th. 55% more than Japan 		25.94
Ranked 17th.
High school > Lower secondary school duration 3
Ranked 120th. The same as Japan 		3
Ranked 98th.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000 4.44
Ranked 42nd. 16 times more than Japan 		0.273
Ranked 59th.
Spending per student > High school 16.18
Ranked 49th. 		22.32
Ranked 24th. 38% more than India
Secondary education, general pupils 100.95 million
Ranked 1st. 16 times more than Japan 		6.43 million
Ranked 11th.
High school > Gender parity index 0.918
Ranked 115th. 		1
Ranked 77th. 9% more than India
Scientific and technical journal articles 12,774
Ranked 14th. 		60,067
Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than India
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female 40%
Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Japan 		18%
Ranked 3rd.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion 0.745%
Ranked 119th. 		0.927%
Ranked 115th. 24% more than India
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000 10.49
Ranked 92nd. 		31.26
Ranked 46th. 3 times more than India
Scouting > Genders admitted both both
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age 6
Ranked 96th. The same as Japan 		6
Ranked 71st.
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of total government 10.7%
Ranked 57th. 9% more than Japan 		9.8%
Ranked 69th.
Children out of school, primary, male 4.85 million
Ranked 1st. 148 times more than Japan 		32,724
Ranked 27th.
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of GNI 3.8%
Ranked 76th. 9% more than Japan 		3.5%
Ranked 80th.
High school > Students per teacher 25.92
Ranked 19th. 2 times more than Japan 		11.79
Ranked 71st.
Secondary education > General pupils 83.13 million
Ranked 2nd. 12 times more than Japan 		6.88 million
Ranked 11th.
Spending per student > Elementary school 8.86
Ranked 62nd. 		21.63
Ranked 19th. 2 times more than India
Secondary school starting age > Years 11
Ranked 156th. 		12
Ranked 57th. 9% more than India
High school starting age > Years 11
Ranked 138th. 		12
Ranked 53th. 9% more than India
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita 3.14 per 1,000 people
Ranked 113th. 6% more than Japan 		2.97 per 1,000 people
Ranked 119th.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level 125.57 million
Ranked 1st. 17 times more than Japan 		7.27 million
Ranked 17th.
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women 26.6%
Ranked 116th. 		80%
Ranked 38th. 3 times more than India
Public spending per student > Primary level 7.2
Ranked 61st. 		21.3
Ranked 12th. 3 times more than India
Primary education, pupils per 1000 112.8
Ranked 72nd. 2 times more than Japan 		54.99
Ranked 127th.
Secondary education, pupils per 1000 93.13
Ranked 41st. 63% more than Japan 		56.99
Ranked 122nd.
Girls to boys ratio > Tertiary level enrolment 0.7
Ranked 77th. 		0.89
Ranked 66th. 27% more than India
Girls to boys ratio > Secondary level enrolment 0.81
Ranked 118th. 		1
Ranked 63th. 23% more than India
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita 10.77 per 1,000 people
Ranked 90th. 		31.26 per 1,000 people
Ranked 44th. 3 times more than India
Universities > Top 100 2
Ranked 12th. 		3
Ranked 10th. 50% more than India
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people 0.163
Ranked 184th. 		0.281
Ranked 170th. 73% more than India
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years 7
Ranked 44th. 17% more than Japan 		6
Ranked 82nd.
Teacher student ratio > High school 32.7
Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Japan 		12.12
Ranked 63th.
High school repeaters > Female 4.06
Ranked 43th. 		0.0
Ranked 52nd.
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school 40.2
Ranked 23th. 2 times more than Japan 		18.28
Ranked 69th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 11 1,051 hours
Ranked 4th. 38% more than Japan 		761 hours
Ranked 30th.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5 73%
Ranked 66th. 		100%
Ranked 1st. 37% more than India
Elementary school > Enrolled students 140.36 million
Ranked 1st. 20 times more than Japan 		7.17 million
Ranked 13th.
Primary education > Duration > Years 5 years
Ranked 154th. 		6 years
Ranked 50th. 20% more than India
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita $616.31
Ranked 74th. 		$25,465.36
Ranked 5th. 41 times more than India
School enrolment rate > 1st grade 128.4
Ranked 14th. 27% more than Japan 		101.49
Ranked 81st.
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000 85.94
Ranked 45th. 71% more than Japan 		50.29
Ranked 119th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 12 1,176 hours
Ranked 4th. 34% more than Japan 		875 hours
Ranked 25th.
High school > Lower secondary starting age 11
Ranked 161st. 		12
Ranked 58th. 9% more than India
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share 17.04%
Ranked 32nd. 15 times more than Japan 		1.13%
Ranked 124th.
Elementary school > Gender ratio 96.83
Ranked 104th. 		100.02
Ranked 28th. 3% more than India
High school enrolment rate > Female 84.22
Ranked 63th. 		99.88
Ranked 3rd. 19% more than India
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level 95%
Ranked 62nd. 		100%
Ranked 1st. 5% more than India
Duration of education > Secondary level 5
Ranked 155th. 		6
Ranked 77th. 20% more than India
Public spending per student > Tertiary level 68.4
Ranked 9th. 5 times more than Japan 		13.6
Ranked 9th.
Primary education > Pupils 136.19 million
Ranked 1st. 19 times more than Japan 		7.26 million
Ranked 16th.
Secondary education > Pupils 83.86 million
Ranked 2nd. 11 times more than Japan 		7.89 million
Ranked 11th.
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men 50.4%
Ranked 88th. 		82.3%
Ranked 40th. 63% more than India
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Tertiary level 38.45%
Ranked 105th. 		45.57%
Ranked 86th. 19% more than India
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita 77.29 per 1,000 people
Ranked 98th. 21% more than Japan 		63.8 per 1,000 people
Ranked 123th.
Secondary education, vocational pupils 829,377
Ranked 12th. 		857,049
Ranked 10th. 3% more than India
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries 90.56%
Ranked 8th. 18% more than Japan 		76.72%
Ranked 19th.
Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher 35.15
Ranked 28th. Twice as much as Japan 		17.5
Ranked 73th.
Secondary education > Teachers 2.59 million
Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Japan 		612,629
Ranked 6th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary 10 years
Ranked 24th. 		15 years
Ranked 28th. 50% more than India
School enrolment rate > 5th grade 65.79
Ranked 74th. 		99.97
Ranked 1st. 52% more than India
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level 81.05 million
Ranked 2nd. 10 times more than Japan 		8.13 million
Ranked 14th.
Scientific and technical journal articles per million 11.68
Ranked 70th. 		470.31
Ranked 20th. 40 times more than India
Duration of education > Primary level 6
Ranked 62nd. The same as Japan 		6
Ranked 47th.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary 5.56 million
Ranked 3rd. 8005 times more than Japan 		695
Ranked 101st.
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education 92.18%
Ranked 116th. 		100.05%
Ranked 54th. 9% more than India
Public spending per student > Secondary level 23.1
Ranked 26th. 24% more than Japan 		18.7
Ranked 4th.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Primary level 46.82%
Ranked 143th. 		48.79%
Ranked 48th. 4% more than India
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Women 91%
Ranked 83th. 		100%
Ranked 2nd. 10% more than India
High school > Upper secondary starting age 14
Ranked 186th. 		15
Ranked 85th. 7% more than India
Elementary school starting age > Years 6
Ranked 89th. The same as Japan 		6
Ranked 66th.
Teaching weeks per year > Primary 42 weeks per year
Ranked 4th. 20% more than Japan 		35 weeks per year
Ranked 33th.
Elementary school repeaters > All 3.45
Ranked 66th. 		0.0
Ranked 75th.
Universities > Top 200 3
Ranked 13th. 		10
Ranked 5th. 3 times more than India
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita 76.99 per 1,000 people
Ranked 63th. 43% more than Japan 		53.84 per 1,000 people
Ranked 118th.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita 0.12 per capita
Ranked 76th. 2 times more than Japan 		0.057 per capita
Ranked 145th.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000 116.62
Ranked 83th. 2 times more than Japan 		57.04
Ranked 150th.
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Men 98%
Ranked 33th. 		100%
Ranked 4th. 2% more than India
Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level 40
Ranked 2nd. 96% more than Japan 		20.4
Ranked 87th.
Elementary (primary school) > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female 44%
Ranked 3rd. 		65%
Ranked 1st. 48% more than India
Primary education > Teachers 3.39 million
Ranked 2nd. 9 times more than Japan 		378,950
Ranked 8th.
Secondary education > Vocational pupils 726,889
Ranked 15th. 		1.02 million
Ranked 12th. 40% more than India
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Secondary level 42.56%
Ranked 140th. 		48.93%
Ranked 87th. 15% more than India
Private school enrolment > Primary level 16.5
Ranked 14th. 18 times more than Japan 		0.9
Ranked 82nd.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years 5
Ranked 142nd. 		6
Ranked 45th. 20% more than India
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 10 1,051 hours
Ranked 6th. 38% more than Japan 		761 hours
Ranked 28th.
Primary education > Teachers per 1000 3.05
Ranked 118th. 3% more than Japan 		2.97
Ranked 119th.
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000 75.51
Ranked 88th. 22% more than Japan 		61.79
Ranked 113th.
Female enrolment share > Primary level 43.6%
Ranked 20th. 		48.8%
Ranked 35th. 12% more than India
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ $762.18 billion
Ranked 2nd. 		$3.25 trillion
Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than India
Universities > Top 50 per million 0.000887
Ranked 11th. 		0.0157
Ranked 9th. 18 times more than India
Universities > Top 200 per million 0.00266
Ranked 30th. 		0.0783
Ranked 20th. 29 times more than India
Proportion of primary education time spent learning technology a 8
Primary school starting age > Years 6
Ranked 97th. The same as Japan 		6
Ranked 71st.
Scouting > Members 3.37 million
Ranked 2nd. 30 times more than Japan 		111,180
Ranked 15th.
Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries 87.94%
Ranked 27th. 2% more than Japan 		86.36%
Ranked 25th.
High school > Share of total education spending 37.49%
Ranked 12th. 		38.24%
Ranked 9th. 2% more than India
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils 95.31 million
Ranked 1st. 15 times more than Japan 		6.47 million
Ranked 10th.
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000 74.85
Ranked 67th. 39% more than Japan 		53.85
Ranked 117th.
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000 2.33
Ranked 104th. 		4.8
Ranked 79th. 2 times more than India
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment 93.44
Ranked 131st. 		100.19
Ranked 21st. 7% more than India
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index 0.999
Ranked 46th. 		1
Ranked 37th. About the same as India
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13 1,176 hours
Ranked 7th. 34% more than Japan 		875 hours
Ranked 28th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9 1,051 hours
Ranked 5th. 38% more than Japan 		761 hours
Ranked 24th.
Female enrolment share > Secondary level 39.6%
Ranked 28th. 		49%
Ranked 72nd. 24% more than India
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000 75.28
Ranked 104th. 18% more than Japan 		63.8
Ranked 124th.
Scouting > Members per thousand people 2.73
Ranked 51st. 3 times more than Japan 		0.872
Ranked 94th.
Primary completion rate > Women 86
Ranked 71st. 		102
Ranked 5th. 19% more than India
Proportion of primary education time spent learning science 11%
Ranked 18th. The same as Japan 		11%
Ranked 20th.
Universities > Top 50 1
Ranked 10th. 		2
Ranked 7th. Twice as much as India
Universities > Top 50 > Per $ GDP 0.02 per $14.1 billion of GDP
Ranked 8th. 3 times more than Japan 		0.006 per $14.1 billion of GDP
Ranked 11th.
Elementary school repeaters > Male 3.48
Ranked 70th. 		0.0
Ranked 61st.
Elementary school repeaters > Female 3.42
Ranked 60th. 		0.0
Ranked 61st.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5 > Men 73.1%
Ranked 59th. 		100%
Ranked 1st. 37% more than India
High school teachers 2.59 million
Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Japan 		607,062
Ranked 7th.
Elementary school teachers 3.39 million
Ranked 1st. 9 times more than Japan 		391,967
Ranked 7th.
High school enrolment rate > Male 85.91
Ranked 60th. 		100
Ranked 2nd. 16% more than India
Universities > Top 100 per million 0.00177
Ranked 22nd. 		0.0235
Ranked 17th. 13 times more than India
Primary completion rate > Men 94
Ranked 48th. 		101
Ranked 7th. 7% more than India
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils 89.46 million
Ranked 2nd. 12 times more than Japan 		7.71 million
Ranked 9th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning vocational skills 3 n
Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP 0.004 per $1 billion of GDP
Ranked 19th. Twice as much as Japan 		0.002 per $1 billion of GDP
Ranked 28th.
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita 77.67 per 1,000 people
Ranked 82nd. 26% more than Japan 		61.79 per 1,000 people
Ranked 112th.
Primary education > Pupils per 1000 122.63
Ranked 77th. 2 times more than Japan 		56.8
Ranked 147th.
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment 79.83
Ranked 131st. 		100.23
Ranked 74th. 26% more than India
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level 17.9
Ranked 58th. 26% more than Japan 		14.2
Ranked 82nd.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning foreign languages 14 13
Pupils reaching grade 5 67.9
Ranked 63th. 		100
Ranked 1st. 47% more than India
Universities > Top 100 > Per $ GDP 0.041 per $14.1 billion of GDP
Ranked 14th. 5 times more than Japan 		0.009 per $14.1 billion of GDP
Ranked 22nd.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning religion 6 n
Foreign students in the United States > % share > 2008/09 1
Ranked 20th. 		2.2
Ranked 10th. 2 times more than India
Services, etc., value added > Current US$ $988.74 billion
Ranked 5th. 		$4.26 trillion
Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than India
Services, etc., value added > Constant LCU 32.79 trillion
Ranked 6th. 		358.75 trillion
Ranked 4th. 11 times more than India
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education 86.89%
Ranked 121st. 		97.7%
Ranked 95th. 12% more than India
Services, etc., value added > Constant LCU per capita 26,517.35
Ranked 45th. 		2.81 million
Ranked 7th. 106 times more than India
Unemployment with primary education > Male > % of male unemployment 27.6%
Ranked 36th. 		73%
Ranked 4th. 3 times more than India
School enrollment > Preprimary > Male > % gross 35.91% gross
Ranked 87th. 		83.28% gross
Ranked 34th. 2 times more than India
Secondary education > Teachers > % female 33.92% female
Ranked 101st. 9% more than Japan 		31.11% female
Ranked 110th.
Labor force with tertiary education, female > % of female labor force 7%
Ranked 61st. 		40.9%
Ranked 11th. 6 times more than India
Labor force with primary education > % of total 14.4%
Ranked 57th. 		58.6%
Ranked 5th. 4 times more than India
Labor force with secondary education, male > % of male labor force 40.9%
Ranked 36th. 		45.9%
Ranked 30th. 12% more than India
Labor force with secondary education > % of total 35.5%
Ranked 48th. 		47.7%
Ranked 25th. 34% more than India
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment 23.1%
Ranked 15th. 		33.2%
Ranked 8th. 44% more than India
Secondary education > Vocational pupils > Per capita 0.673 per 1,000 people
Ranked 121st. 		7.94 per 1,000 people
Ranked 68th. 12 times more than India
High school teachers > % female 33.92%
Ranked 104th. 9% more than Japan 		31.11%
Ranked 108th.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % gross 57.03%
Ranked 106th. 		100.89%
Ranked 22nd. 77% more than India
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % gross 61.2%
Ranked 102nd. 		100.85%
Ranked 24th. 65% more than India
High school > Lower Secondary > Students per teacher 32.88
Ranked 16th. 2 times more than Japan 		13.29
Ranked 54th.
Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > Female > % net 93.63%
Ranked 64th. 		99.97%
Ranked 5th. 7% more than India
Inputs > Secondary education > Teachers > Female 877,273
Ranked 3rd. 5 times more than Japan 		191,402
Ranked 14th.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Male 1.78 million
Ranked 3rd. 		0.0
Ranked 64th.
Persistence to last grade of primary, male > % of cohort 59.71%
Ranked 82nd. 		99.93%
Ranked 3rd. 67% more than India
School enrollment > Primary > % gross 116.2% gross
Ranked 23th. 16% more than Japan 		100.41% gross
Ranked 101st.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Female 3.78 million
Ranked 3rd. 2791 times more than Japan 		1,354.88
Ranked 58th.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross 52.48%
Ranked 105th. 		100.94%
Ranked 21st. 92% more than India
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils > % female 44.12%
Ranked 129th. 		49.62%
Ranked 78th. 12% more than India
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils > % female 43.97%
Ranked 127th. 		48.83%
Ranked 64th. 11% more than India
Persistence to grade 5, total > % of cohort 61.37%
Ranked 79th. 		99.94%
Ranked 1st. 63% more than India
School enrollment, primary, female > % net 84.42%
Ranked 73th. 		99.59%
Ranked 2nd. 18% more than India
Participation > School enrollment > Tertiary > Male > % gross 15.75%
Ranked 73th. 		61.51%
Ranked 10th. 4 times more than India
School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net 86.96% net
Ranked 88th. 		100% net
Ranked 1st. 15% more than India
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Male 11 years
Ranked 22nd. 		15 years
Ranked 21st. 36% more than India
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % net 92.24% net
Ranked 64th. 		99.82% net
Ranked 2nd. 8% more than India
Services, etc., value added > % of GDP 56.86%
Ranked 58th. 		72.65%
Ranked 22nd. 28% more than India
Primary education, teachers > % female 44%
Ranked 112th. 		64.88%
Ranked 83th. 47% more than India
Tertiary education, teachers > % female 40%
Ranked 37th. 2 times more than Japan 		17.9%
Ranked 76th.
Public spending on education, total > % of government expenditure 11.02%
Ranked 45th. 17% more than Japan 		9.41%
Ranked 102nd.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$, % of GDP 41.38%
Ranked 28th. 		55.2%
Ranked 17th. 33% more than India
Labor force with secondary education, female > % of female labor force 20.2%
Ranked 57th. 		50.2%
Ranked 24th. 2 times more than India
Unemployment with secondary education, female > % of female unemployment 35.9%
Ranked 20th. 		57.7%
Ranked 21st. 61% more than India
Education spending > % of GDP 4.1%
Ranked 82nd. 14% more than Japan 		3.6%
Ranked 93th.
School enrollment > Secondary > % gross 53.51% gross
Ranked 115th. 		101.59% gross
Ranked 21st. 90% more than India
School enrollment > Preprimary > % gross 35.88% gross
Ranked 92nd. 		84.81% gross
Ranked 38th. 2 times more than India
Ratio of female to male enrollments in tertiary education 66.28
Ranked 94th. 		88.72
Ranked 82nd. 34% more than India
Expenditure per student > Secondary > % of GDP per capita 19.82%
Ranked 50th. 		22.29%
Ranked 39th. 12% more than India
Proportion of primary education time spent learning arts 6 11
Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Male > % of relevant age group 138.66%
Ranked 9th. 42% more than Japan 		97.93%
Ranked 105th.
Proportion of primary education time spent in physical education 6 10
Primary completion rate > Total > % of relevant age group 88.53%
Ranked 89th. 		101.92%
Ranked 5th. 15% more than India
Participation > School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net 88.01%
Ranked 82nd. 		99.97%
Ranked 2nd. 14% more than India
Government spending on education > % of government spending 10.74%
Ranked 64th. 15% more than Japan 		9.37%
Ranked 67th.
Participation > School enrollment > Primary > Female > % gross 111.16%
Ranked 31st. 9% more than Japan 		101.89%
Ranked 70th.
Persistence to grade 5 > Male > % of cohort 81.25%
Ranked 43th. 		99.95%
Ranked 1st. 23% more than India
School enrollment > Primary > % net 89.68% net
Ranked 76th. 		99.91% net
Ranked 1st. 11% more than India
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Female 9 years
Ranked 26th. 		15 years
Ranked 33th. 67% more than India

SOURCES: UNESCO; UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Lynn, R. and Vanhanen, T. (2002). IQ and the Wealth of Nations. Westport, CT: Praeger. ISBN 0-275-97510-X; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Development Indicators database; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's Statistical Yearbook, and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics online database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; The Times, 2005; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute of Statistics; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank national accounts data; The Times, 2005. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; "WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012". World Organization of the Scout Movement. August 2013.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members) ("WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012" . World Organization of the Scout Movement . Retrieved 2014-03-03 .). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Study abroad in the United States; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank national accounts data. GDP figures sourced from World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; United Nations Human Development Programme

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