Health Stats: compare key data on Malaysia & Mauritania

Definitions

Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people: Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the population growth rate in the absence of migration.
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth: Average age of mother at first childbirth.
Births and maternity > Future births: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate.
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cancer out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cancer rate, but rather how fatal cancer is in each country.
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman: Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates.
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included.
Infant mortality rate > Total: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Life expectancy > Men: Life expectancy for men.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population: The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years: Life expectancy at birth, female (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years: Life expectancy at birth, male (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years: Life expectancy at birth, total (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians are defined as graduates of any facility or school of medicine who are working in the country in any medical field (practice, teaching, research).
Probability of reaching 65 > Male: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Infant mortality rate: The number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate: How many infants, out of 1000, who will die before attaining one year of age.
Life expectancy > Women: Life expectancy for women.
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate: An estimate of the percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with HIV/AIDS. The adult prevalence rate is calculated by dividing the estimated number of adults living with HIV/AIDS at yearend by the total adult population at yearend.
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included."
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average BMI (combining male and female population), according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS.
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19: Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
Probability of reaching 65 > Female: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Deaths > Deaths of infants: An infant death is the death from any cause of a live-born child under one year of age.
Expenditure per capita > Current US$: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population > Percentage: Percentage of population that subsists on less than the required nutritional amounts per day.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$: Health expenditure per capita (current US$). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate: Percentage of females aged 15-19 who give birth, out of all females the same age in the country.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people). Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Incidence includes patients with HIV.
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate: Country's crude birth rate. The crude birth rate is the number of live births for every 1,000 people.
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate: Number of mothers who died giving birth, out of 100,000 births.
Maternal mortality: Maternal mortality reported per 100,000 births 1985-1999. The maternal mortality data are those reported by national authorities. UNICEF and the World Health Organization periodically evaluate these data and make adjustments to account for the well-documented problems of under-reporting and misclassification of maternal deaths and to develop estimates for countries with no data (for details on the most recent estimates see Hill, AbouZahr and Wardlaw 2001). Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Death rates > Children under 5: Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates."
Death rates > Women: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Death rates > Men: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths: AIDS deaths.
HIV AIDS > Deaths: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day: Depth of hunger or the intensity of food deprivation, indicates how much food-deprived people fall short of minimum food needs in terms of dietary energy. The food deficit, in kilocalories per person per day, is measured by comparing the average amount of dietary energy that undernourished people get from the foods they eat with the minimum amount of dietary energy they need to maintain body weight and undertake light activity. The depth of hunger is low when it is less than 200 kilocalories per person per day, and high when it is higher than 300 kilocalories per person per day."
Births and maternity > Number of births: Total number of live births. A live birth refers to a birth after which the baby shows signs of life, however, if the baby dies after showing signs of life, it is still considered a live birth.
Hunger and malnutrition > Children > Small children underweight: Percentage of all children under 5 that are moderately or severely underweight.
Probability of not reaching 40: Probability at birth of not reaching the age of 40.
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Reproductive health > Use of birth control > Women over 15: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only."
Life expectancy > Male: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people). Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Death rates > Infants: Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year."
Life expectancy at birth > Female: The average number of years to be lived by a females in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy > Female: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given: Maternity leave benefits.
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 1+ visit during pregnancy: Percentage of pregnant women who received at least one visit by a doctor or other highly specialized care provider.
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Spending > Per person: Spending per capita (PPP) in $US 1998.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people: AIDS deaths. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes: People living with HIV, 15-49 years old, percentage.
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles: Percentage of children under 1 year old immunized against measles.
Life expectancy at birth > Male: The average number of years to be lived by amen in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Malaria cases > Per 100,000: Malaria cases (per 100,000 people)
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Total population
Life expectancy > 95 percent range: 95% range.
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cardiovascular diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cardiovascular disease rate, but rather how fatal cardiovascular diseases are in each country.
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses."
Births and maternity > All births of boys: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence.
Health spending per capita: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Reproductive health > Pregnant women receiving prenatal care: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average female BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000: Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people)
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population): The number of people that die from injuries out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's injury rate, but rather how fatal injuries are in each country.
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Drug access: Population with access to essential drugs 2000. The data on access to essential drugs are based on statistical estimates received from World Health Organization (WHO) country and regional offices and regional advisers and through the World Drug Situation Survey carried out in 1998-99. These estimates represent the best information available to the WHO Department of Essential Drugs and Medicines Policy to date and are currently being validated by WHO member states. The department assigns the estimates to four groupings: very low access (0-49%), low access (50-79%), medium access (80-94%) and good access (95-100%). These groupings, used here in presenting the data, are often employed by the WHO in interpreting the data, as the actual estimates may suggest a higher level of accuracy than the data afford. b.
Infant mortality > Female babies: Infant mortality rate for females under 1 year.
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate: The number of people that die from noncommunicable diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's noncommunicable disease rate, but rather how fatal noncommunicable diseases are in each country.
Deaths > Deaths of infants per million people: An infant death is the death from any cause of a live-born child under one year of age. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in international dollars converted using 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) rates."
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average male BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Total population
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people: Total number of live births. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Intestinal diseases death rate: Death rate from intestinal infectious diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO code B01 for all age groups by sex. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data for the country in that particular year. The death rates were standardized utilizing the age structure for the population of Canada. See page 22 of the2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (men): Percentage of males aged over 15 years who are obese. The World Health Organization defines obesity as a body mass index over 30. The average BMI is 18.5 to 24.9.
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Deaths > Deaths of infant boys: An infant death is the death from any cause of a live-born child under one year of age.
Deaths > Deaths of infant boys per million people: An infant death is the death from any cause of a live-born child under one year of age. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Dependency ratio per 100: Dependency ratio (per 100), 2003
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people): Dentistry personnel density (per 10 000 population).
Smoking rate > Women: Prevalence of smoking, female is the percentage of women ages 15 and over who smoke any form of tobacco, including cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, and excluding smokeless tobacco. Data include daily and non-daily smoking."
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases.
Births and maternity > Births attended by skill personnel: Births attended by skilled health personnel, percentage.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases: Number of reported cases of tetanus in newborns.
Infant mortality rate > Female: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight boys under 5: Prevalence of underweight children.
Tobacco > Male smoking rate: Male [%].
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid: Percentage of usual wages the country mandates employers to pay women on maternity leave. For instance, Italy requires employers to pay a woman 80% of her normal wages while off work after giving birth.
Deaths > Deaths of infant girls: An infant death is the death from any cause of a live-born child under one year of age.
Diseases > Measles cases: Number of reported measles cases.
Tobacco > Female smoking rate: Female [%].
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births: Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence."
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (women): Percentage of females aged over 15 years who are obese. The World Health Organization defines obesity as a body mass index over 30. The average BMI is 18.5 to 24.9.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Males
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country: Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death. "
Births and maternity > Future births per million people: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Spending > Public: World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms)."
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider: The method/s in which women receive an income during their maternity leave. Some countries put the responsibility solely on the employer, while others either include maternity leaves into their social welfare programs or use a combination of the two. Some countries do not have laws regarding maternity leave such as the United States and Papua New Guinea.
Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate, 2003
Infant mortality > Male babies: Infant mortality rate for males under 1 year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Respiratory disease child death rate: Child death rate from respiratory diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population Aged 0-14
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO codes B31 and B320, and B321, by sex and by age. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data broken down by age group to produce rates. See page 22 of the 2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Diseases > Pertussis cases: Number of reported pertussis cases. Pertussis is commonly called whooping cough.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases per million people: Number of reported cases of tetanus in newborns. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Total tetanus cases: Number of all reported tetanus cases.
Probability of dying before 5 > Females: Probability of females dying before reaching the age of 5. (2003)
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Spending > Private: Private expenditure on health as a percentage of GDP 1998.
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total: Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns.
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organizations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organizations. These resources are part of total health expenditure.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed."
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organisations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organisations. These resources are part of total health expenditure."
Cause of death, by injury > % of total: Cause of death, by injury (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Injuries include unintentional and intentional injuries.
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, female > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV, female (% ages 15-24). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %: Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%). Prevalence of anemia, pregnant women, is the percentage of pregnant women whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Private health spending > % of GDP: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations."
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - DPT3
Diseases > Total tetanus cases per million people: Number of all reported tetanus cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births: Low-birthweight babies are newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, with the measurement taken within the first hours of life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred."
Public health spending > % of total health spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health: Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
% immunized 1-year-old children > TB: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - TB
% of routine EPI vaccines financed by government > Total: Health - % of routine EPI vaccines financed by government 2002 - Total
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight girls under 5: Prevalence of underweight children.
Births and maternity > All births of girls: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence.
Diseases > Pertussis cases per million people: Number of reported pertussis cases. Pertussis is commonly called whooping cough. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered: Civil registration coverage of births (%).
Life expectancy > 95% range: 95% range.
Diseases > Antiretroviral therapy coverage > % of people with advanced HIV infection: Antiretroviral therapy coverage (% of people with advanced HIV infection). Antiretroviral therapy coverage indicates the percentage of adults and children with advanced HIV infection currently receiving antiretroviral therapy among the estimated number of people needing antiretroviral therapy based on WHO 2010 guidelines.
Immunisation > Immunization, DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months). Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Immunisation > Immunization, measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months). Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Expenditure > Private > % of GDP: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Tuberculosis case detection rate > %, all forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms). Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms).
Health expenditure, public > % of government expenditure: Health expenditure, public (% of government expenditure). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP: Health expenditure, public (% of GDP). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Disease prevention > Immunisation against tetanus > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunisation measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine."
Disease prevention > Immunisation > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunisation measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Male > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Health services > Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health: Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure."
Health spending > % of GDP: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health: Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health, 2002
% of population using improved drinking water sources > Rural: Health - % of population using improved drinking water sources 2000 - Rural.
% of population using adequate sanitation facilities > Rural: Health - % of population using adequate sanitation facilities 2000 - Rural
Nutrition > % of children who are still breastfeeding 20-23 months: Health - Nutrition - % of children (1995-2002) who are: still breastfeeding (20-23 months)
Deaths > Deaths of infant girls per million people: An infant death is the death from any cause of a live-born child under one year of age. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Nutrition > % of under-fives suffering from underweight moderate & severe: Health - Nutrition - % of under-fives (1995-2002) suffering from: underweight moderate & severe
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP: Total expenditure on health as % of GDP, 2002
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Measles
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS: DOTS detection rate is the percentage of estimated new infectious tuberculosis cases detected under the directly observed treatment, short course case detection and treatment strategy.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Polio3
Malnutrition prevalence > Height for age > % of children under 5: Prevalence of child malnutrition (height for age) is the percentage of children under five whose height for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0 to 59 months. For children up to two years of age, height is measured by recumbent length. For older children, height is measured by stature while standing. The reference population adopted by the WHO in 1983, is based on children from the United States, who are assumed to be well nourished.
Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Reproductive health > Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total: Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns."
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions > % of total: Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions include infectious and parasitic diseases, respiratory infections, and nutritional deficiencies such as underweight and stunting.
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, male > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV, male (% ages 15-24). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Public health spending > % of government spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds."
Infant mortality rate > Male: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Males
Births and maternity > All births of girls per thousand people: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Nutrition > % of children who are exclusively breastfed 6 months: Health - Nutrition - % of children (1995-2002) who are: exclusively breastfed (<6 months)
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79: Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79). Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > All births of boys per thousand people: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5: Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children under 5). Prevalence of anemia, children under age 5, is the percentage of children under age 5 whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total: Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and congenital anomalies.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV (% of population ages 15+ with HIV). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population ages 15+ who are living with HIV.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care > %: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%). Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only.
Maternity > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months: Exclusive breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months). Exclusive breastfeeding refers to the percentage of children less than six months old who are fed breast milk alone (no other liquids) in the past 24 hours.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of total expenditure on health: Out-of-pocket health expenditure (% of total expenditure on health). Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.
Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV refers to the percentage of women of those ages 15-49 infected with HIV.
Health expenditure, private > % of GDP: Health expenditure, private (% of GDP). Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.
Nutrition > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months: Exclusive breastfeeding refers to the percentage of children less than six months old who are fed breast milk alone (no other liquids) in the past 24 hours.

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STAT	Malaysia	Mauritania
Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people	21.38 per 1,000 people Ranked 88th.	40.47 per 1,000 people Ranked 21st. 89% more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth	30.4 Ranked 4th.	30.7 Ranked 3rd. 1% more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Future births	414.48 Ranked 56th. 2 times more than Mauritania	187.01 Ranked 82nd.
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate	1.84% Ranked 134th.	2.13% Ranked 11th. 16% more than Malaysia
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population)	137 Ranked 75th.	140 Ranked 67th. 2% more than Malaysia
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman	2.74 births per woman Ranked 81st.	5.59 births per woman Ranked 21st. 2 times more than Malaysia
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	1.9 per 1,000 people Ranked 54th. 3 times more than Mauritania	0.67 per 1,000 people Ranked 137th.
Infant mortality rate > Total	15.02 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 116th.	60.42 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 33th. 4 times more than Malaysia
Life expectancy > Men	73 years Ranked 48th. 28% more than Mauritania	57 years Ranked 60th.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population	73.79 years Ranked 108th. 21% more than Mauritania	61.14 years Ranked 179th.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years	77.07 Ranked 87th. 23% more than Mauritania	62.74 Ranked 159th.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years	72.38 Ranked 69th. 21% more than Mauritania	59.7 Ranked 159th.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years	74.67 Ranked 75th. 22% more than Mauritania	61.19 Ranked 159th.
Physicians > Per 1,000 people	0.7 per 1,000 people Ranked 68th. 6 times more than Mauritania	0.11 per 1,000 people Ranked 47th.
Probability of reaching 65 > Male	70.8% Ranked 53th. 70% more than Mauritania	41.6% Ranked 127th.
Infant mortality rate	18.35 Ranked 99th.	72.35 Ranked 32nd. 4 times more than Malaysia
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita	2.13 per 1,000 people Ranked 59th.	3.28 per 1,000 people Ranked 53th. 54% more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate	7.3 Ranked 143th.	64.8 Ranked 20th. 9 times more than Malaysia
Life expectancy > Women	77 years Ranked 57th. 26% more than Mauritania	61 years Ranked 55th.
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate	0.5% Ranked 68th.	0.7% Ranked 60th. 40% more than Malaysia
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	1.76 Ranked 56th. 4 times more than Mauritania	0.4 Ranked 107th.
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI)	22.58 Ranked 127th.	23.74 Ranked 102nd. 5% more than Malaysia
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS	100,000 Ranked 41st. 7 times more than Mauritania	14,000 Ranked 88th.
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	17.58 births Ranked 141st.	96.64 births Ranked 32nd. 5 times more than Malaysia
Probability of reaching 65 > Female	82% Ranked 54th. 72% more than Mauritania	47.7% Ranked 128th.
Deaths > Deaths of infants	3,251 Ranked 10th.	12,060 Ranked 11th. 4 times more than Malaysia
Expenditure per capita > Current US$	180.1$ Ranked 86th. 12 times more than Mauritania	14.5$ Ranked 165th.
Hunger and malnutrition > Undernourished population > Percentage	0.0 Ranked 120th.	7.8% Ranked 74th.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$	$346.01 Ranked 91st. 6 times more than Mauritania	$57.71 Ranked 154th.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate	15 Ranked 59th.	88 Ranked 17th. 6 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	80 Ranked 81st.	350 Ranked 20th. 4 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate	17.8 Ranked 17th.	29.1 Ranked 11th. 63% more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate	29 per 100,000 live births Ranked 120th.	510 per 100,000 live births Ranked 16th. 18 times more than Malaysia
Maternal mortality	41 per 100,000 Ranked 90th.	550 per 100,000 Ranked 16th. 13 times more than Malaysia
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people	0.71 Ranked 51st. 6 times more than Mauritania	0.11 Ranked 60th.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita	15,805.07 Ranked 68th.	109,054.6 Ranked 35th. 7 times more than Malaysia
Death rates > Children under 5	6.1 Ranked 149th.	117.1 Ranked 22nd. 19 times more than Malaysia
Death rates > Women	86.03 Ranked 107th.	240.78 Ranked 39th. 3 times more than Malaysia
Death rates > Men	150.11 Ranked 105th.	308.23 Ranked 39th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths	5,900 Ranked 8th. 4 times more than Mauritania	1,500 Ranked 36th.
HIV AIDS > Deaths	5,800 Ranked 36th. 10 times more than Mauritania	610 Ranked 79th.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day	130 Ranked 128th. The same as Mauritania	130 Ranked 126th.
Births and maternity > Number of births	496,313 Ranked 11th. 6 times more than Mauritania	76,955 Ranked 8th.
Hunger and malnutrition > Children > Small children underweight	12.9% Ranked 24th.	14.7% Ranked 20th. 14% more than Malaysia
Probability of not reaching 40	5% Ranked 100th.	33.1% Ranked 31st. 7 times more than Malaysia
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years	73.7 years Ranked 64th. 37% more than Mauritania	53.66 years Ranked 149th.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita	0.082 per 1,000 people Ranked 63th.	0.224 per 1,000 people Ranked 58th. 3 times more than Malaysia
Reproductive health > Use of birth control > Women over 15	54.5 Ranked 8th. 6 times more than Mauritania	9.3 Ranked 23th.
Life expectancy > Male	72.09 Ranked 61st. 32% more than Mauritania	54.82 Ranked 152nd.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	3.28 Ranked 71st. 5 times more than Mauritania	0.672 Ranked 108th.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU	462.14 billion Ranked 50th. 12% more than Mauritania	413.99 billion Ranked 52nd.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000	3.6 Ranked 64th.	3.98 Ranked 59th. 11% more than Malaysia
Death rates > Infants	5.7 Ranked 144th.	74.3 Ranked 26th. 13 times more than Malaysia
Life expectancy at birth > Female	76.73 years Ranked 108th. 21% more than Mauritania	63.41 years Ranked 178th.
Life expectancy > Female	76.79 Ranked 73th. 31% more than Mauritania	58.73 Ranked 150th.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given	12 Ranked 163th.	60 Ranked 52nd. 5 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 1+ visit during pregnancy	90.7% Ranked 20th. 20% more than Mauritania	75.4% Ranked 42nd.
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars	349 Ranked 80th. 6 times more than Mauritania	54 Ranked 159th.
Spending > Per person	81 Ranked 77th. 4 times more than Mauritania	19 Ranked 106th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people	205.15 Ranked 42nd.	405.1 Ranked 26th. 97% more than Malaysia
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes	0.4% Ranked 81st.	1.1% Ranked 43th. 3 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles	95% Ranked 87th. 42% more than Mauritania	67% Ranked 175th.
Life expectancy at birth > Male	71.05 years Ranked 106th. 21% more than Mauritania	58.94 years Ranked 179th.
Malaria cases > Per 100,000	57 Ranked 63th.	11,150 Ranked 14th. 196 times more than Malaysia
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years	76.06 years Ranked 69th. 38% more than Mauritania	55.3 years Ranked 147th.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	63.2 Ranked 62nd. 42% more than Mauritania	44.5 Ranked 154th.
Life expectancy > 95 percent range	(76.20-76.80)	(61.80-68.80)
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population)	275 Ranked 131st.	383 Ranked 81st. 39% more than Malaysia
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	1.81 Ranked 9th. 3 times more than Mauritania	0.64 Ranked 41st.
Births and maternity > All births of boys	245,783 Ranked 16th. 5 times more than Mauritania	50,899 Ranked 44th.
Health spending per capita	307.24 Ranked 82nd. 14 times more than Mauritania	21.65 Ranked 166th.
Reproductive health > Pregnant women receiving prenatal care	78.8% Ranked 30th. 5% more than Mauritania	75.4% Ranked 34th.
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI)	22.09 Ranked 113th.	23.3 Ranked 78th. 5% more than Malaysia
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years	71.46 years Ranked 60th. 37% more than Mauritania	52.1 years Ranked 150th.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000	67 Ranked 66th.	209 Ranked 21st. 3 times more than Malaysia
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population)	53 Ranked 118th.	90 Ranked 68th. 70% more than Malaysia
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000	0.209 Ranked 46th.	0.219 Ranked 58th. 5% more than Malaysia
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men	75.6 Ranked 62nd. 53% more than Mauritania	49.39 Ranked 144th.
Drug access	50% Ranked 129th. The same as Mauritania	50% Ranked 122nd.
Infant mortality > Female babies	8.5 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 143th.	59.7 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 49th. 7 times more than Malaysia
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate	623 Ranked 117th.	812 Ranked 52nd. 30% more than Malaysia
Deaths > Deaths of infants per million people	114.97 Ranked 21st.	5,017.05 Ranked 1st. 44 times more than Malaysia
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women	85.01 Ranked 69th. 47% more than Mauritania	57.9 Ranked 146th.
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$604.36 Ranked 70th. 13 times more than Mauritania	$47.43 Ranked 161st.
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI)	23.06 Ranked 128th.	24.17 Ranked 110th. 5% more than Malaysia
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	72 Ranked 68th. 41% more than Mauritania	51 Ranked 159th.
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people	17.86 Ranked 15th.	28.42 Ranked 10th. 59% more than Malaysia
Intestinal diseases death rate	15.96% Ranked 58th.	35.65% Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	101.6 per 100,000 people Ranked 78th.	298.02 per 100,000 people Ranked 29th. 3 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (men)	18.8% Ranked 6th. 13% more than Mauritania	16.7% Ranked 4th.
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index	0.799 Ranked 50th. 2 times more than Mauritania	0.391 Ranked 147th.
Deaths > Deaths of infant boys	1,846 Ranked 8th.	6,349 Ranked 10th. 3 times more than Malaysia
Deaths > Deaths of infant boys per million people	65.29 Ranked 17th.	2,800.08 Ranked 1st. 43 times more than Malaysia
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes	98 Ranked 121st.	236 Ranked 48th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Dependency ratio per 100	60 Ranked 89th.	87 Ranked 29th. 45% more than Malaysia
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people)	1	<1
Smoking rate > Women	2 Ranked 107th. Twice as much as Mauritania	1 Ranked 122nd.
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases	9,578 Ranked 34th. 6 times more than Mauritania	1,714 Ranked 82nd.
Births and maternity > Births attended by skill personnel	98.6% Ranked 15th. 62% more than Mauritania	60.9% Ranked 52nd.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases	14 Ranked 36th.	0.0 Ranked 136th.
Infant mortality rate > Female	12.52 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 122nd.	55.13 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 32nd. 4 times more than Malaysia
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight boys under 5	19% Ranked 5th.	32% Ranked 6th. 68% more than Malaysia
Tobacco > Male smoking rate	54.4 Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Mauritania	22.3 Ranked 110th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15	67000	11000
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest	Illegal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid	100% Ranked 98th. The same as Mauritania	100% Ranked 71st.
Deaths > Deaths of infant girls	1,405 Ranked 8th.	5,413 Ranked 9th. 4 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Measles cases	394 Ranked 33th. 36 times more than Mauritania	11 Ranked 85th.
Life expectancy > Date of information	2006 est.	2006 est.
Tobacco > Female smoking rate	2.8 Ranked 106th.	3.7 Ranked 95th. 32% more than Malaysia
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births	31 Ranked 107th.	550 Ranked 22nd. 18 times more than Malaysia
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	64.8 Ranked 65th. 40% more than Mauritania	46.3 Ranked 153th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males	98 Ranked 121st.	236 Ranked 48th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people	357.2 Ranked 55th.	514.71 Ranked 38th. 44% more than Malaysia
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (women)	18.8% Ranked 6th. 13% more than Mauritania	16.7% Ranked 4th.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	61.6 Ranked 60th. 44% more than Mauritania	42.8 Ranked 160th.
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country	1,200 Ranked 68th. 29 times more than Mauritania	41 Ranked 139th.
Births and maternity > Future births per million people	17 Ranked 117th.	33.73 Ranked 37th. 98% more than Malaysia
Spending > Public	1.4%	1.4%
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms	61.95% Ranked 127th. 2 times more than Mauritania	25.91% Ranked 174th.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider	Employer	Social Security Fund
Total fertility rate	2.9 Ranked 81st.	5.8 Ranked 17th. Twice as much as Malaysia
Infant mortality > Male babies	11.5 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 140th.	75.6 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 41st. 7 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health	Legal	Illegal
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	75 Ranked 69th. 42% more than Mauritania	53 Ranked 157th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females	98 Ranked 121st.	236 Ranked 48th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Respiratory disease child death rate	3.8 (est)	222.75 (est)
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14	17000	6300
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons	Illegal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request	Illegal	Illegal
Diseases > Pertussis cases	15 Ranked 85th.	0.0 Ranked 139th.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases per million people	0.522 Ranked 41st.	0.0 Ranked 133th.
Diseases > Total tetanus cases	36 Ranked 34th.	0.0 Ranked 152nd.
Probability of dying before 5 > Females	12 per 1,000 people Ranked 145th.	168 per 1,000 people Ranked 19th. 14 times more than Malaysia
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars	188 Ranked 88th. 5 times more than Mauritania	40 Ranked 138th.
Spending > Private	1% Ranked 123th.	3.4% Ranked 31st. 3 times more than Malaysia
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP	2.23% Ranked 134th. 11% more than Mauritania	2.01% Ranked 139th.
Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total	97.4% Ranked 20th. 71% more than Mauritania	56.9% Ranked 24th.
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	94% Ranked 49th. 3 times more than Mauritania	34% Ranked 140th.
Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases	56.3% Ranked 160th. 3 times more than Mauritania	21.87% Ranked 167th.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care	73.6% Ranked 17th. 15% more than Mauritania	63.9% Ranked 11th.
External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health	0.1% Ranked 138th.	20.2% Ranked 31st. 202 times more than Malaysia
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases	71.91% Ranked 95th. 9% more than Mauritania	66.08% Ranked 106th.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	96% Ranked 58th. 4 times more than Mauritania	26% Ranked 145th.
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health	0.02% Ranked 128th.	13.34% Ranked 41st. 667 times more than Malaysia
Cause of death, by injury > % of total	8.67% Ranked 65th. 10% more than Mauritania	7.92% Ranked 81st.
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, female > % ages 15-24	0.1% Ranked 101st.	0.2% Ranked 64th. Twice as much as Malaysia
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %	38.3% Ranked 5th.	52.65% Ranked 19th. 37% more than Malaysia
Private health spending > % of GDP	2.43% Ranked 80th. 3 times more than Mauritania	0.83% Ranked 161st.
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3	96 Ranked 60th. 16% more than Mauritania	83 Ranked 123th.
Diseases > Total tetanus cases per million people	1.34 Ranked 51st.	0.0 Ranked 149th.
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births	9% Ranked 9th.	33.7% Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Malaysia
Public health spending > % of total health spending	44.38% Ranked 144th.	65.27% Ranked 81st. 47% more than Malaysia
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health	7.2% Ranked 51st.	0.0 Ranked 136th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > TB	99 Ranked 34th. 1% more than Mauritania	98 Ranked 51st.
% of routine EPI vaccines financed by government > Total	100 Ranked 71st. The same as Mauritania	100 Ranked 50th.
Population suffering from undernourishment in 1990-1992	3% Ranked 105th.	15% Ranked 66th. 5 times more than Malaysia
Population suffering from undernourishment in 2001-2003	3% Ranked 106th.	10% Ranked 69th. 3 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health	Legal	Illegal
Hunger and malnutrition > Underweight girls under 5	19% Ranked 4th.	31% Ranked 5th. 63% more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > All births of girls	230,033 Ranked 17th. 5 times more than Mauritania	49,417 Ranked 43th.
Diseases > Pertussis cases per million people	0.559 Ranked 96th.	0.0 Ranked 136th.
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered	>90	56
Life expectancy > 95% range	(76.20-76.80)	(61.80-68.80)
Diseases > Antiretroviral therapy coverage > % of people with advanced HIV infection	42% Ranked 69th. 20% more than Mauritania	35% Ranked 78th.
Immunisation > Immunization, DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	99% Ranked 25th. 24% more than Mauritania	80% Ranked 164th.
Immunisation > Immunization, measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	95% Ranked 77th. 27% more than Mauritania	75% Ranked 164th.
Expenditure > Private > % of GDP	1.57% Ranked 133th. 76% more than Mauritania	0.89% Ranked 168th.
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	90% Ranked 100th. 48% more than Mauritania	61% Ranked 167th.
Tuberculosis case detection rate > %, all forms	93% Ranked 16th. 5 times more than Mauritania	20% Ranked 194th.
Health expenditure, public > % of government expenditure	6.12% Ranked 168th.	10.86% Ranked 105th. 77% more than Malaysia
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP	1.64% Ranked 168th.	3.27% Ranked 104th. Twice as much as Malaysia
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 47th. 69% more than Mauritania	59% Ranked 176th.
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access	96% Ranked 48th. 2 times more than Mauritania	44% Ranked 152nd.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	90% Ranked 107th. 27% more than Mauritania	71% Ranked 164th.
Disease prevention > Immunisation against tetanus > % of children ages 12-23 months	95% Ranked 80th. 48% more than Mauritania	64% Ranked 170th.
Disease prevention > Immunisation > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	95% Ranked 71st. 61% more than Mauritania	59% Ranked 172nd.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Male > % ages 15-24	0.6% Ranked 48th.	0.9% Ranked 28th. 50% more than Malaysia
Health services > Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health	73.22% Ranked 123th.	100% Ranked 11th. 37% more than Malaysia
Health spending > % of GDP	4.37% Ranked 136th. 83% more than Mauritania	2.39% Ranked 176th.
Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health	46.2% Ranked 84th. 79% more than Mauritania	25.8% Ranked 141st.
% of population using improved drinking water sources > Rural	94 Ranked 39th. 2 times more than Mauritania	40 Ranked 128th.
% of population using adequate sanitation facilities > Rural	98 Ranked 37th. 5 times more than Mauritania	19 Ranked 121st.
Nutrition > % of children who are still breastfeeding 20-23 months	12 Ranked 92nd.	57 Ranked 27th. 5 times more than Malaysia
Deaths > Deaths of infant girls per million people	49.69 Ranked 15th.	2,387.28 Ranked 1st. 48 times more than Malaysia
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	3% Ranked 129th.	10% Ranked 77th. 3 times more than Malaysia
Improved water source > % of population with access	99% Ranked 48th. 87% more than Mauritania	53% Ranked 159th.
Nutrition > % of under-fives suffering from underweight moderate & severe	12 Ranked 82nd.	32 Ranked 20th. 3 times more than Malaysia
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP	3.8% Ranked 160th.	3.9% Ranked 156th. 3% more than Malaysia
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles	92 Ranked 76th. 14% more than Mauritania	81 Ranked 118th.
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS	73.16% Ranked 56th. 3 times more than Mauritania	28.22% Ranked 160th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3	97 Ranked 51st. 18% more than Mauritania	82 Ranked 126th.
Malnutrition prevalence > Height for age > % of children under 5	15.6% Ranked 16th.	34.5% Ranked 8th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access	93% Ranked 46th. 12 times more than Mauritania	8% Ranked 161st.
Reproductive health > Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total	98.6% Ranked 18th. 62% more than Mauritania	60.9% Ranked 38th.
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	95% Ranked 67th. 94% more than Mauritania	49% Ranked 153th.
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions > % of total	24.31% Ranked 73th.	59.76% Ranked 34th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Prevalence of HIV, male > % ages 15-24	0.1% Ranked 100th. The same as Mauritania	0.1% Ranked 90th.
Public health spending > % of government spending	6.93% Ranked 152nd. 31% more than Mauritania	5.27% Ranked 165th.
Infant mortality rate > Male	17.37 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 109th.	65.55 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 30th. 4 times more than Malaysia
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment	Illegal	Illegal
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	70 Ranked 56th. 46% more than Mauritania	48 Ranked 161st.
Births and maternity > All births of girls per thousand people	8.14 Ranked 24th.	21.79 Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Malaysia
Nutrition > % of children who are exclusively breastfed 6 months	29 Ranked 64th. 45% more than Mauritania	20 Ranked 80th.
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79	12.02% Ranked 29th. 3 times more than Mauritania	3.64% Ranked 170th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life	Legal	Legal
Births and maternity > All births of boys per thousand people	8.69 Ranked 22nd.	22.45 Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Malaysia
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	5% Ranked 156th.	7% Ranked 83th. 40% more than Malaysia
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	96% Ranked 75th. 92% more than Mauritania	50% Ranked 145th.
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access	100% Ranked 35th. 2 times more than Mauritania	49% Ranked 158th.
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 42nd. 92% more than Mauritania	52% Ranked 174th.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5	32.41% Ranked 54th.	68.25% Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total	67.02% Ranked 113th. 2 times more than Mauritania	32.32% Ranked 162nd.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	14.6% Ranked 148th.	58.2% Ranked 30th. 4 times more than Malaysia
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care > %	90.7% Ranked 25th. 20% more than Mauritania	75.4% Ranked 44th.
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49	0.47% Ranked 78th.	0.68% Ranked 65th. 45% more than Malaysia
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49	55% Ranked 8th. 7 times more than Mauritania	8% Ranked 12th.
Maternity > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months	29% Ranked 4th.	45.9% Ranked 11th. 58% more than Malaysia
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of total expenditure on health	41.72% Ranked 60th. 12% more than Mauritania	37.27% Ranked 74th.
Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	25.37% Ranked 89th.	57.27% Ranked 36th. 2 times more than Malaysia
Health expenditure, private > % of GDP	1.95% Ranked 122nd.	2.13% Ranked 114th. 9% more than Malaysia
Nutrition > Exclusive breastfeeding > % of children under 6 months	29% Ranked 4th.	34.7% Ranked 7th. 20% more than Malaysia

SOURCES: World Development Indicators database; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York; CIA World Factbook, 28 July 2005; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organisation, OECD, supplemented by country data.; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16. http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-439.pdf. Walpole et al., BMC Public Health 2012, 12:4; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division; World Health Organization National Health Account database (see http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx for the most recent updates).; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Report.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNICEF (United Nations Children?s Fund). 2002. Official Summary: The State of the World's Children 2002. New York: Oxford University Press.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Level & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2010. Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA, UNPD).; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm, (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Human Mortality Database. [ www.mortality.org or www.humanmortality.de] downloaded on Dec. 10, 2009.; United Nations Statistics Division. 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For latest updates and metadata, see http://apps.who.int/globalatlas/.; World Bank national accounts data; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization; World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNHDR; Wikipedia: List of countries by life expectancy (Life expectancy at birth (years), Global Burden of Disease) (Das, Pamela; Samarasekera, Udani (2012). "The story of GBD 2010: a "super-human" effort" . The Lancet 380 (9859): 2067–2070. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62174-6 . Wang, Haidong; Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura; Lofgren, Katherine T; Rajaratnam, Julie Knoll; Marcus, Jacob R; Levin-Rector, Alison; Levitz, Carly E; Lopez, Alan D; Murray, Christopher JL (2012). "Age-specific and sex-specific mortality in 187 countries, 1970–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". The Lancet 380 (9859): 2071–2094. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61719-X ., ); World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organisation National Health Account database (www.who.int/nha/en) supplemented by country data.; UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International.; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm.; WHO (World Health Organization). 2001. Correspondence on access to essential drugs. Department of Essential Drugs and Medecines Policy. February. Geneva; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-439.pdf. Walpole et al., BMC Public Health 2012, 12:4; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organisation. 1997-1999 World Health Statistics Annual. Geneva: WHO, 2000; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic.; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: Prevalence of tobacco consumption (Rates) (WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, pp.278–287. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, p.67. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, p.287. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, p.68. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, p.268–287.); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of countries by life expectancy; Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990-2008. Estimates Developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank.; World Health Organization. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Diabetes Federation, Diabetes Atlas.; Food and Agriculture Organisation (http://www.fao.org/faostat/foodsecurity/index_en.htm).; UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys by ICF International.

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