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Government Stats: compare key data on New Zealand & Vanuatu

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Definitions

  • Administrative divisions: This entry generally gives the numbers, designatory terms, and first-order administrative divisions as approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN). Changes that have been reported but not yet acted on by BGN are noted.
  • Capital city > Geographic coordinates: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • Capital city > Name: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • Constitution: The dates of adoption, revisions, and major amendments to a nation's constitution
  • Executive branch > Cabinet: Cabinet includes the official name for any body of high-ranking advisers roughly comparable to a U.S. Cabinet. Also notes the method for selection of members.
  • Executive branch > Chief of state: The name and title of any person or role roughly equivalent to a U.S. Chief of State. This means the titular leader of the country who represents the state at official and ceremonial functions but may not be involved with the day-to-day activities of the government
  • Executive branch > Head of government: Head of government includes the name and title of the top administrative leader who is designated to manage the day-to-day activities of the government. For example, in the UK, the monarch is the chief of state, and the prime minister is the head of government. In the US, the president is both the chief of state and the head of government.
  • Government type: A description of the basic form of government (e.g., republic, constitutional monarchy, federal republic, parliamentary democracy, military dictatorship).
  • International organization participation: This entry lists in alphabetical order by abbreviation those international organizations in which the subject country is a member or participates in some other way.
  • Judicial branch: The name(s) of the highest court(s) and a brief description of the selection process for members.
  • Legal system: A brief description of the legal system's historical roots, role in government, and acceptance of International Court of Justice (ICJ) jurisdiction.
  • Legislative branch: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
  • Political parties and leaders: Significant political organizations and their leaders.
  • Political pressure groups and leaders: Organizations with leaders involved in politics, but not standing for legislative election.
  • Suffrage: The age at enfranchisement and whether the right to vote is universal or restricted
  • Country name > Conventional long form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
  • Executive branch > Elections: Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election
  • Leaders > Prime minister: Government > Leaders > Prime minister
  • National symbol(s): A national symbol is a faunal, floral, or other abstract representation - or some distinctive object - that over time has come to be closely identified with a country or entity. Not all countries have national symbols; a few countries have more than one.
  • Flag description: A written flag description produced from actual flags or the best information available at the time the entry was written. The flags of independent states are used by their dependencies unless there is an officially recognized local flag. Some disputed and other areas do not have flags.
  • Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days: Time required to start a business (days). Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
  • Country name > Conventional short form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
  • Constitutional form: Constitutional form of government.
  • Transnational Issues > Disputes > International: This entry includes a wide variety of situations that range from traditional bilateral boundary disputes to unilateral claims of one sort or another. Information regarding disputes over international terrestrial and maritime boundaries has been reviewed by the US Department of State. References to other situations involving borders or frontiers may also be included, such as resource disputes, geopolitical questions, or irredentist issues; however, inclusion does not necessarily constitute official acceptance or recognition by the US Government.
  • National anthem: A generally patriotic musical composition - usually in the form of a song or hymn of praise - that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions, or struggles of a nation or its people. National anthems can be officially recognized as a national song by a country's constitution or by an enacted law, or simply by tradition. Although most anthems contain lyrics, some do not.
  • Legislative branch > Elections: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
  • Legislative branch > Election results: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
  • Parliament > Seats held by women > Percentage: Percentage of seats held by women in country's national parliament or legislative houses.
  • Independence: For most countries, this entry gives the date that sovereignty was achieved and from which nation, empire, or trusteeship. For the other countries, the date given may not represent "independence" in the strict sense, but rather some significant nationhood event such as the traditional founding date or the date of unification, federation, confederation, establishment, fundamental change in the form of government, or state succession. Dependent areas include the notation "none" followed by the nature of their dependency status. "
  • Judicial branch > Subordinate courts: This entry is derived from Government > Judicial branch, which includes three subfields. The highest court(s) subfield includes the name(s) of a country's highest level court(s), the number and titles of the judges, and the types of cases heard by the court, which commonly are based on civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional law. A number of countries have separate constitutional courts. The judge selection and term of office subfield includes the organizations and associated officials responsible for nominating and appointing judges, and a brief description of the process. The selection process can be indicative of the independence of a country's court system from other branches of its government. Also included in this subfield are judges' tenures, which can range from a few years, to a specified retirement age, to lifelong appointments. The subordinate courts subfield lists the courts lower in the hierarchy of a country's court system. A few countries with federal-style governments, such as Brazil, Canada, and the US, in addition to their federal court, have separate state- or province-level court systems, though generally the two systems interact.
  • Basis of executive legitimacy: Basis of executive legitimacy.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Democracy and rights > Freedom of the press: Compares countries by freedom of the press. The lower the score, the more free the press of that country is. The scores are taken from the Freedom of the Press Index, elaborated by Freedom House, self-defined as "an independent watchdog organization dedicated to the expansion of freedom around the world". The data used in the index come from an annual survey of media independence in 197 countries and territories, assessing the degree of print, broadcast, and internet freedom in each of them.
  • Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament: Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber occupied by women.
  • Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number: Start-up procedures to register a business (number). Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • National holiday: The primary national day of celebration - often independence day.
  • Capital > Geographic coordinates: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • Democracy > First female parliamentarian: Year first woman elected or appointed to parliament.
  • Time required to start a business > Days: Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
  • Judicial branch > Judge selection and term of office: This entry is derived from Government > Judicial branch, which includes three subfields. The highest court(s) subfield includes the name(s) of a country's highest level court(s), the number and titles of the judges, and the types of cases heard by the court, which commonly are based on civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional law. A number of countries have separate constitutional courts. The judge selection and term of office subfield includes the organizations and associated officials responsible for nominating and appointing judges, and a brief description of the process. The selection process can be indicative of the independence of a country's court system from other branches of its government. Also included in this subfield are judges' tenures, which can range from a few years, to a specified retirement age, to lifelong appointments. The subordinate courts subfield lists the courts lower in the hierarchy of a country's court system. A few countries with federal-style governments, such as Brazil, Canada, and the US, in addition to their federal court, have separate state- or province-level court systems, though generally the two systems interact.
  • Red tape > Time required to register property > Days: Time required to register property (days). Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property.
  • Politics: Country politics.
  • International law organization participation: This entry includes information on a country's acceptance of jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and of the International Criminal Court (ICCt); 55 countries have accepted ICJ jurisdiction with reservations and 11 have accepted ICJ jurisdiction without reservations; 114 countries have accepted ICCt jurisdiction. Appendix B: International Organizations and Groups explains the differing mandates of the ICJ and ICCt.
  • Parliament > Seats held by men: Number of seats held by men in country's naitonal parliament or legislative houses.
  • Red tape > Time to resolve insolvency > Years: Time to resolve insolvency (years). Time to resolve insolvency is the number of years from the filing for insolvency in court until the resolution of distressed assets.
  • Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million: Start-up procedures to register a business (number). Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Parliament > Seats held by women: Number of seats held by women in country's parliament or legislative houses.
  • UN membership date: Date of United Nations Membership
  • Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number: Procedures to build a warehouse (number). Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers.
  • Capital city: The location of the seat of government.
  • Capital > Name: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Spending > Expense > Current LCU: Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends."
  • Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days: Time required to get electricity (days). Time required to get electricity is the number of days to obtain a permanent electricity connection. The measure captures the median duration that the electricity utility and experts indicate is necessary in practice, rather than required by law, to complete a procedure.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Registered voter turnout: The proportion of registered voters who actually voted.
  • Democracy and rights > Year women first voted at national level: Year women first voted at national level.
  • Capital > Time difference: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • International relations: Country international relations.
  • Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days per million: Time required to get electricity (days). Time required to get electricity is the number of days to obtain a permanent electricity connection. The measure captures the median duration that the electricity utility and experts indicate is necessary in practice, rather than required by law, to complete a procedure. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days: Time required to enforce a contract (days). Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment.
  • Democracy > Female parliamentarians: Seats in parliament held by women (as % of total). Data are as of 8 March 2002. Where there are lower and upper houses, data refer to the weighted average of women's shares of seats in both houses.
  • Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number: Procedures to register property (number). Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property.
  • Role of head of state: Head of state.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Start-up procedures to register a business > Number: Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production.
  • Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong: Strength of legal rights index measures the degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders and thus facilitate lending. The index ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating that these laws are better designed to expand access to credit."
  • Spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU: Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organisations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind."
  • Spending > Compensation of employees > Current LCU: Compensation of employees consists of all payments in cash, as well as in kind (such as food and housing), to employees in return for services rendered, and government contributions to social insurance schemes such as social security and pensions that provide benefits to employees."
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
  • Parliament > Seats held by women per million people: Number of seats held by women in country's parliament or legislative houses. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Democracy > Female suffrage: Year in which women received the right to vote. Data refer to the year in which right to vote or stand for election on a universal and equal basis was recognized. Where two years are shown, the first refers to the first partial recognition of the right to vote.
  • Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days: Time required to build a warehouse (days). Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
  • Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days per million: Time required to start a business (days). Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million: Procedures to enforce a contract (number). Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Time required to register property > Days per million: Time required to register property (days). Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days per million: Time required to build a warehouse (days). Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million: Procedures to build a warehouse (number). Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Spending > Interest payments > Current LCU: Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents."
  • Foreign relations > Diplomatic representation in the US > Ambassador: Name of ambassador to the USA.
  • Time required to build a warehouse > Days: Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population: International IDEA has chosen to use not only the reported registration rate to calculate turnout percentages, but also the voting age population (VAP) which includes all citizens above the legal voting age
  • Democracy > Female candidacy: Year in which women received the right to stand for election. Data refer to the year in which right to vote or stand for election on a universal and equal basis was recognized. Where two years are shown, the first refers to the first partial recognition of the right to stand for election.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Total vote: The total number of votes cast in the relevant election. Total vote includes valid and invalid votes, as well as blank votes in cases where these are separated from invalid votes. More information on valid, invalid and blank votes can be found at aceproject.org
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voter registration: The number of registered voters. The figure represents the number of names on the voters' register at the time that the registration process closes, as reported by the electoral management body.
  • Time required to enforce a contract > Days: Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment.
  • Start-up procedures to register a business > Number > Per capita: Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Procedures to register property > Number: Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property.
  • Procedures to build a warehouse > Number: Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant LCU: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant local currency.
  • Spending > Compensation of employees > % of expense: Compensation of employees consists of all payments in cash, as well as in kind (such as food and housing), to employees in return for services rendered, and government contributions to social insurance schemes such as social security and pensions that provide benefits to employees."
  • Legislative branch > Note: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
  • Spending > Interest payments > % of expense: Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents."
  • Procedures to register property > Number per million: Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Spending > Expense > % of GDP: Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends."
  • Procedures to enforce a contract > Number: Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer.
  • Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million: Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Foreign relations > Date of recognition of Kosovo: Date on which Kosovo was officially recognized as a state.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current LCU: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current local currency.
  • Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days per million: Time required to enforce a contract (days). Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Foreign relations > Date of establishment of relations with China: The date on which each country established diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic of China.
  • Procedures to build a warehouse > Number > Per capita: Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Parliament > Seats held by men per million people: Number of seats held by men in country's naitonal parliament or legislative houses. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Invalid votes: The number of invalid votes, as reported by each country.
  • Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million: Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Time required to register property > Days: Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Annual % growth: Annual percentage growth of general government final consumption expenditure based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. General government final consumption expenditure (general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation.
  • Time to resolve insolvency > Years: Time to resolve insolvency is the number of years from the filing for insolvency in court until the resolution of distressed assets.
  • Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number per million: Procedures to register property (number). Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number: Procedures to enforce a contract (number). Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer.
  • Commonwealth of Nations > Date joined: Date each member country joined the Commonwealth of Nations.
  • Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments > %: Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%). Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women.
  • Spending > Subsidies and other transfers > % of expense: Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organisations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind."
  • Spending > Interest payments > % of revenue: Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents."
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population per 1000: International IDEA has chosen to use not only the reported registration rate to calculate turnout percentages, but also the voting age population (VAP) which includes all citizens above the legal voting age. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Legislature (parliament) > Term of office for lower house members: Members of the lower (or sole) house.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours: Time to prepare and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes and social security contributions.
  • Procedures to register property > Number > Per capita: Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Procedures to enforce a contract > Number > Per capita: Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Spending > Goods and services expense > Current LCU: Goods and services include all government payments in exchange for goods and services used for the production of market and nonmarket goods and services. Own-account capital formation is excluded.
  • Capital city > Time difference: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • Spending > Goods and services expense > % of expense: Goods and services include all government payments in exchange for goods and services used for the production of market and nonmarket goods and services. Own-account capital formation is excluded.
  • Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million: Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
STAT New Zealand Vanuatu HISTORY
Administrative divisions 16 regions and 1 territory*; Auckland, Bay of Plenty, Canterbury, Chatham Islands*, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay, Manawatu-Wanganui, Marlborough, Nelson, Northland, Otago, Southland, Taranaki, Tasman, Waikato, Wellington, West Coast 6 provinces; Malampa, Penama, Sanma, Shefa, Tafea, Torba
Capital city > Geographic coordinates 41 28 S, 174 51 E 17 44 S, 168 19 E
Capital city > Name Wellington Port-Vila (on Efate)
Constitution Constitution Act 1986 (the principal formal charter) adopted and effective 1 January 1987; amended 1999, 2005 30 July 1980
Executive branch > Cabinet Executive Council appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister, responsible to parliament
Executive branch > Chief of state Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Lt Gen Sir Jerry MATEPARAE (since 31 August 2011) President Iolu Johnson ABBIL (since 3 September 2009)
Executive branch > Head of government Prime Minister John KEY (since 19 November 2008); Deputy Prime Minister Simon William ENGLISH (since 19 November 2008) Prime Minister Moana CARCASSES Kalosil (since 23 March 2013)
Government type parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm parliamentary republic
International organization participation ADB, ANZUS (US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986), APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CD, CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, Paris Club (associate), PCA, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNMIT, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, IOC, IOM, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; High Court Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister and the leader of the opposition, three other justices are appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial Service Commission)
Legal system common law system, based on English model, with special legislation and land courts for the Maori mixed legal system of English common law, French law, and customary law
Legislative branch unicameral House of Representatives - commonly called Parliament (usually 120 seats; 70 members elected by popular vote in single-member constituencies including 7 Maori constituencies, 50 proportional seats chosen from party lists; serve three-year terms) unicameral Parliament
Political parties and leaders ACT New Zealand [Rodney HIDE]<br />Green Party [Russel NORMAN and Metiria TUREI]<br />Mana Party [Hone HARAWIRA]<br />Maori Party [Tariana TURIA and Dr. Pita SHARPLES]<br />New Zealand National Party [John KEY]<br />New Zealand First Party or NZ First [Winston PETERS]<br />New Zealand Labor Party [Phil GOFF]<br />Jim Anderton's Progressive Party [James (Jim) ANDERTON]<br />United Future New Zealand [Peter DUNNE] Greens Confederation or GC [Moana CARCASSES Kalosil]<br />Iauko Group or IG [NA]<br />Land and Justice Party (Graon mo Jastis Pati) or GJP [Ralph REGENVANU]<br />Melanesian Progressive Party or MPP [Barak SOPE]<br />Nagriamel movement or NAG [NA]<br />Natatok Indigenous People's Democratic Party or (NATATOK) or NIPDP [Alfred Roland CARLOT]<br />National United Party or NUP [Ham LINI]<br />People's Progressive Party or PPP [Sato KILMAN]<br />People's Service Party or PSP [Don KEN]<br />Reunification of Movement for Change or RMC [Charlot SALWAI]<br />Union of Moderate Parties or UMP [Serge VOHOR]<br />Vanua'aku Pati (Our Land Party) or VP [Edward NATAPEI]<br />Vanuatu Democratic Party [Maxime Carlot KORMAN]<br />Vanuatu Liberal Democratic Party or VLDP [Tapangararua WILLIE]<br />Vanuatu National Party or VNP [Issac HAMARILIU]<br />Vanuatu Progressive Development Party or VPDP [Robert Bohn SIKOL]<br />Vanuatu Republican Party or VRP [Marcellino PIPITE]
Political pressure groups and leaders Women's Electoral Lobby or WEL<br /><br /><strong>other:</strong> apartheid groups; civil rights groups; farmers groups; Maori; nuclear weapons groups; women's rights groups NA
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Country name > Conventional long form none Republic of Vanuatu
Executive branch > Elections the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general president elected for a five-year term by an electoral college consisting of parliament and the presidents of the regional councils; election for president last held on 2 September 2009 (next to be held in 2014); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually elected prime minister by parliament from among its members; election for prime minister last held on 23 March 2013 (next to be held following general elections in 2016)
Leaders > Prime minister John Key Moana Carcasses Moana Carcasses
National symbol(s) Southern Cross constellation (four, five-pointed stars); kiwi (bird) boar's tusk
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant with four red five-pointed stars edged in white centered in the outer half of the flag; the stars represent the Southern Cross constellation two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) all separated by a black-edged yellow stripe in the shape of a horizontal Y (the two points of the Y face the hoist side and enclose the triangle); centered in the triangle is a boar's tusk encircling two crossed namele fern fronds, all in yellow; red represents the blood of boars and men, green the richness of the islands, and black the ni-Vanuatu people; the yellow Y-shape - which reflects the pattern of the islands in the Pacific Ocean - symbolizes the light of the Gospel spreading through the islands; the boar's tusk is a symbol of prosperity frequently worn as a pendant on the islands; the fern fronds represent peace
Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days 0.5
Ranked 188th.
35
Ranked 38th. 70 times more than New Zealand

Country name > Conventional short form New Zealand Vanuatu
Constitutional form Constitutional monarchy Republic
Transnational Issues > Disputes > International asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency) Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by Vanuatu and France
National anthem <strong>name: </strong>"God Defend New Zealand"<br /><strong>lyrics/music:</strong> Thomas BRACKEN [English], Thomas Henry SMITH [Maori]/John Joseph WOODS <strong>name: </strong>"Yumi, Yumi, Yumi" (We, We, We)<br /><strong>lyrics/music:</strong> Francois Vincent AYSSAV
Legislative branch > Elections last held on 26 November 2011 (next to be held not later than November 2014) last held on 30 October 2012 (next to be held in 2016)
Legislative branch > Election results percent of vote by party - National Party 48%, Labor Party 27.1%, Green Party 10.6%, NZ First 6.8%, Maori 1.4%, ACT Party 1.1%, Mana 1%, United Future 0.6%, other 3.43%; seats by party - National Party 60, Labor Party 34, Green Party 13, NZ First 8, Maori 3, ACT Party 1, Mana 1, United Future 1 percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - VP 8, PPP 6, UMP 5, GJP 4, NUP 4, IG 3, GC 3, NAG 3, RMC 3, MPP 2, NIPDP 2, PSP 1, VLDP 1, VNP 1, VPDP 1, VRP 1, and independent 4
Parliament > Seats held by women > Percentage 32.23%
Ranked 29th.
0.0
Ranked 187th.

Independence 26 September 1907 (from the UK) 30 July 1980 (from France and the UK)
Judicial branch > Subordinate courts Court of Appeal; High Court; tribunals and authorities; district courts; specialized courts for issues related to employment, environment, Maori lands, and military magistrates' courts; island courts
Basis of executive legitimacy Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence
Democracy and rights > Freedom of the press 17
Ranked 178th.
26
Ranked 144th. 53% more than New Zealand
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament 32.2%
Ranked 16th. 8 times more than Vanuatu
3.8%
Ranked 159th.

Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number 1
Ranked 187th.
8
Ranked 71st. 8 times more than New Zealand

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ 17.55 billion$
Ranked 37th. 267 times more than Vanuatu
65.62 million$
Ranked 159th.

National holiday Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840); ANZAC Day (commemorated as the anniversary of the landing of troops of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps during World War I at Gallipoli, Turkey), 25 April (1915) Independence Day, 30 July
Capital > Geographic coordinates 41 18 S, 174 47 E 17 44 S, 168 19 E
Democracy > First female parliamentarian 1933 (elected) 1987 (elected)
Time required to start a business > Days 12 days
Ranked 153th.
39 days
Ranked 75th. 3 times more than New Zealand

Democracy > Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment 0.997
Ranked 35th. 3% more than Vanuatu
0.971
Ranked 80th.

Judicial branch > Judge selection and term of office justices appointed by the governor-general on the recommendation of the attorney-general; justices appointed for life Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister and the leader of the opposition; other judges are appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial Service Commission, a 4-member advisory body; judges appointed until age of retirement
Red tape > Time required to register property > Days 1
Ranked 183th.
118
Ranked 13th. 118 times more than New Zealand

Politics John Key led the National Party to victory in elections in 2008 and 2011 Vanuatu gained independence from France and Britain in 1980
International law organization participation accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Parliament > Seats held by men 82
Ranked 117th. 58% more than Vanuatu
52
Ranked 146th.

Red tape > Time to resolve insolvency > Years 1.3
Ranked 152nd.
2.6
Ranked 81st. Twice as much as New Zealand

Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million 0.226
Ranked 146th.
32.35
Ranked 14th. 143 times more than New Zealand

Parliament > Seats held by women 39
Ranked 59th.
0.0
Ranked 187th.

UN membership date 24 Oct. 1945 15 Sep. 1981
Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number 11
Ranked 146th.
12
Ranked 135th. 9% more than New Zealand

Capital city Wellington Port-Vila (on Efate)
Capital > Name Wellington Port-Vila (on Efate)
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita 4,322.02$ per capita
Ranked 24th. 12 times more than Vanuatu
349.65$ per capita
Ranked 79th.

Spending > Expense > Current LCU 58.45 billion
Ranked 63th. 8 times more than Vanuatu
6.88 billion
Ranked 50th.

Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days 69
Ranked 121st.
122
Ranked 57th. 77% more than New Zealand

Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Registered voter turnout 77%
Ranked 49th. 93% more than Vanuatu
39.9%
Ranked 146th.
Democracy and rights > Year women first voted at national level 1893 1975
Capital > Time difference UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
International relations New Zealand troops have taken part in regional peacekeeping efforts and have been deployed in Afghanistan Australia is a key donor and has encouraged reforms
Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days per million 15.56
Ranked 86th.
493.4
Ranked 8th. 32 times more than New Zealand

Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days 216
Ranked 186th.
430
Ranked 136th. Twice as much as New Zealand

Democracy > Female parliamentarians 30.8%
Ranked 9th.
0.0
Ranked 157th.
Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number 2
Ranked 177th.
4
Ranked 161st. Twice as much as New Zealand

Role of head of state Ceremonial Ceremonial
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita 4,294.42$
Ranked 24th. 12 times more than Vanuatu
361.85$
Ranked 79th.

Start-up procedures to register a business > Number 2
Ranked 168th.
8
Ranked 119th. 4 times more than New Zealand

Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong 10
Ranked 4th. 11% more than Vanuatu
9
Ranked 18th.

Spending > Subsidies and other transfers > Current LCU 21.99 billion
Ranked 61st. 96 times more than Vanuatu
228 million
Ranked 20th.
Spending > Compensation of employees > Current LCU 14.6 billion
Ranked 61st. 4 times more than Vanuatu
3.81 billion
Ranked 42nd.

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP 0.178$ per $1 of GDP
Ranked 62nd.
0.261$ per $1 of GDP
Ranked 15th. 47% more than New Zealand

Parliament > Seats held by women per million people 8.93
Ranked 46th.
0.0
Ranked 186th.

Democracy > Female suffrage 1893 "1975 ,1980"
Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days 94
Ranked 154th. 74% more than Vanuatu
54
Ranked 181st.

Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days per million 0.113
Ranked 177th.
141.55
Ranked 15th. 1255 times more than New Zealand

Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million 6.77
Ranked 76th.
121.33
Ranked 19th. 18 times more than New Zealand

Red tape > Time required to register property > Days per million 0.226
Ranked 170th.
477.23
Ranked 9th. 2116 times more than New Zealand

Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days per million 21.2
Ranked 89th.
218.39
Ranked 30th. 10 times more than New Zealand

Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million 2.48
Ranked 84th.
48.53
Ranked 17th. 20 times more than New Zealand

Spending > Interest payments > Current LCU 2.25 billion
Ranked 65th. 9 times more than Vanuatu
247 million
Ranked 56th.

Foreign relations > Diplomatic representation in the US > Ambassador Ferguson, Roy Roy Ferguson None
Time required to build a warehouse > Days 184 days
Ranked 85th. 2 times more than Vanuatu
82 days
Ranked 154th.

Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population 2.79 million
Ranked 92nd. 31 times more than Vanuatu
89,820
Ranked 143th.
Democracy > Female candidacy 1,919
Ranked 141st.
1,975
Ranked 10th. 3% more than New Zealand
National anthem > Name "God Defend New Zealand" Yumi, Yumi" (We, We, We)
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Total vote 2.06 million
Ranked 80th. 48 times more than Vanuatu
42,778
Ranked 140th.
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voter registration 2.67 million
Ranked 87th. 25 times more than Vanuatu
107,297
Ranked 134th.
Time required to enforce a contract > Days 109 days
Ranked 170th.
430 days
Ranked 99th. 4 times more than New Zealand

Start-up procedures to register a business > Number > Per capita 0.485 per 1 million people
Ranked 121st.
37.15 per 1 million people
Ranked 14th. 77 times more than New Zealand

Procedures to register property > Number 2
Ranked 159th. The same as Vanuatu
2
Ranked 163th.

Procedures to build a warehouse > Number 7
Ranked 165th. The same as Vanuatu
7
Ranked 167th.

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant LCU 23521000000 4117000000
Spending > Compensation of employees > % of expense 24.98%
Ranked 44th.
55.29%
Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than New Zealand

Legislative branch > Note results of 2008 election saw the total number of seats increase to 122 the National Council of Chiefs advises on matters of culture and language
Spending > Interest payments > % of expense 3.86%
Ranked 65th. 8% more than Vanuatu
3.59%
Ranked 57th.

Procedures to register property > Number per million 0.478
Ranked 95th.
9.32
Ranked 19th. 19 times more than New Zealand

Spending > Expense > % of GDP 32.93%
Ranked 30th. 71% more than Vanuatu
19.26%
Ranked 48th.

Procedures to enforce a contract > Number 28
Ranked 113th. 17% more than Vanuatu
24
Ranked 138th.

Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million 0.478
Ranked 120th.
37.27
Ranked 14th. 78 times more than New Zealand

Foreign relations > Date of recognition of Kosovo None
None
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current LCU 26482900000 8470000000
Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days per million 48.72
Ranked 110th.
1,739.05
Ranked 20th. 36 times more than New Zealand

Foreign relations > Date of establishment of relations with China December 22, 1972 March 26, 1982
Procedures to build a warehouse > Number > Per capita 1.7 per 1 million people
Ranked 96th.
32.51 per 1 million people
Ranked 20th. 19 times more than New Zealand

Parliament > Seats held by men per million people 18.79
Ranked 83th.
198.8
Ranked 14th. 11 times more than New Zealand

Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Invalid votes 0.4%
Ranked 107th. 4 times more than Vanuatu
0.1%
Ranked 110th.
Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million 6.69
Ranked 65th.
111.81
Ranked 16th. 17 times more than New Zealand

Time required to register property > Days 2 days
Ranked 164th.
188 days
Ranked 22nd. 94 times more than New Zealand

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Annual % growth 5.23%
Ranked 34th.
-0.99%
Ranked 103th.

Time to resolve insolvency > Years 2 years
Ranked 109th.
2.6 years
Ranked 92nd. 30% more than New Zealand

Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number per million 0.451
Ranked 103th.
16.18
Ranked 21st. 36 times more than New Zealand

Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number 30
Ranked 168th. The same as Vanuatu
30
Ranked 170th.

National anthem > Note adopted 1940 as national song, adopted 1977 as co-national anthem; New Zealand has two national anthems with equal status; as a commonwealth realm, in addition to "God Defend New Zealand," "God Save the Queen" serves as a national anthem (see United Kingdom); "God Save the Queen" normally is played only when a member of the royal family or the governor-general is present; in all other cases, "God Defend New Zealand" is played adopted 1980, the anthem is written in Bislama, a Creole language that mixes Pidgin English and French
Commonwealth of Nations > Date joined <span style="display:none">1931-12-11</span>11 December 1931 <span style="display:none">1980-07-30</span>30 July 1980
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments > % 32.2%
Ranked 30th.
0.0
Ranked 187th.

Spending > Subsidies and other transfers > % of expense 37.63%
Ranked 50th. 6 times more than Vanuatu
5.86%
Ranked 26th.
Spending > Interest payments > % of revenue 3.42%
Ranked 62nd. About the same as Vanuatu
3.41%
Ranked 64th.

Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population per 1000 694.02
Ranked 50th. 54% more than Vanuatu
451.47
Ranked 123th.
Legislature (parliament) > Term of office for lower house members 3
Ranked 177th.
4
Ranked 169th. 33% more than New Zealand
Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours 70 hours
Ranked 162nd.
120 hours
Ranked 139th. 71% more than New Zealand

Procedures to register property > Number > Per capita 0.485 per 1 million people
Ranked 96th.
9.29 per 1 million people
Ranked 19th. 19 times more than New Zealand

Procedures to enforce a contract > Number > Per capita 6.79 per 1 million people
Ranked 65th.
111.45 per 1 million people
Ranked 16th. 16 times more than New Zealand

Spending > Goods and services expense > Current LCU 17.68 billion
Ranked 49th. 8 times more than Vanuatu
2.22 billion
Ranked 44th.

Capital city > Time difference UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Spending > Goods and services expense > % of expense 30.25%
Ranked 13th.
32.23%
Ranked 12th. 7% more than New Zealand

Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million 1.67
Ranked 95th.
32.61
Ranked 20th. 19 times more than New Zealand

SOURCES: CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/).; Wikipedia: List of countries by system of government (Alphabetical list of countries); All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; United Nations Statistics Division; "2012 Freedom of the Press Data" , Freedom House, 1 May 2012; World Development Indicators database; IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 1995. Women in Parliaments 1945-1995: A World Statistical Survey. Geneva and IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2001. Correspondence on year women received the right to vote and to stand for election and year first woman was elected or appointed to parliament. March. Geneva.; Source: Millennium Development Goals Database | United Nations Statistics Division; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations World Statistics Pocketbook and Statistical Yearbook; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.; Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2003; Wikipedia: Women's suffrage (Summary); calculated on the basis of data on parliamentary seats from IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2002. Parline Database. March 2002; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 1995. Women in Parliaments 1945-1995: A World Statistical Survey. Geneva and IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2001. Correspondence on year women received the right to vote and to stand for election and year first woman was elected or appointed to parliament. March. Geneva; Wikipedia: List of ambassadors to the United States; International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.; Wikipedia: International recognition of Kosovo (United Nations member states); http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dates_of_establishment_of_diplomatic_relations_with_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Various sources compiled into Wikipedia's Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations; Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) (www.ipu.org); Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2003. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Term of office (Terms of office by country)

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