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Education Stats: compare key data on Australia & Norway

Definitions

  • Average years of schooling of adults: Average years of schooling of adults is the years of formal schooling received, on average, by adults over age 15. (Data Source: Barro-Lee Data Set www.worldbank.org/html/prdmg/grthweb/ddbarle2.htm)
  • Children out of school, primary: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
  • Children out of school, primary per 1000: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Children out of school, primary, female: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
  • College and university > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for college and university enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
  • College and university > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to post-secondary education.
  • Compulsary education duration: Number of years students are required to be enrolled in school for all levels of education. For instance, compulsary education lasts for 12 years in the United States.
  • Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP: Percentage of public funding for education out of country's total GDP.
  • High school enrolment rate: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
  • Homeschooling legal status: Legal status of homeschooling.
  • Literacy > Total population: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
  • Primary education, duration > Years: Primary education, duration (years). Duration of primary is the number of grades (years) in primary education.
  • Primary education, teachers per 1000: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Pupil-teacher ratio, primary: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Primary is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers.
  • Secondary education, duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years). Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (years) in secondary education (ISCED 2 & 3).
  • Literacy > Female: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
  • Children out of school, primary, female per 1000: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • College and university > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
  • Child care (preschool) > Duration: Number of years students study at the pre-primary (preschool) level. It should be noted that not all countries require pre-primary education.
  • Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Duration of compulsory education: Duration of compulsory education is the number of grades (or years) that a child must legally be enrolled in school.
  • Secondary education, pupils: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions.
  • College and university > Private school share: Percentage of post-secondary students who attend a private school, college, or university.
  • School life expectancy > Total: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
  • Primary education, pupils: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions.
  • Primary education, teachers: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
  • Tertiary enrollment: Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary level is the sum of all tertiary level students enrolled at the start of the school year, expressed as a percentage of the mid-year population in the 5 year age group after the official secondary school leaving age.
  • Spending per student > College and university: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
  • High school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
  • Compulsary education starting age: Age at which children must be enrolled in school.
  • Literacy > Definition: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
  • High school > Upper secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the upper secondary (high school) level.
  • Literacy > Male: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
  • Spending > USD: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment."
  • High school > Private school share: Percentage of secondary students who attend a private school.
  • Spending > Proportion: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. Expressed as a proportion of GNI."
  • Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
  • Child care (preschool) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin pre-primary (preschool) education.
  • Preschool enrollment rate: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
  • Tertiary > Students studying abroad: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year.
  • Teachers as percentage of labor force: The percentage share of the total labor force who are classroom, academic staff, and other teachers. Data for 1999.
  • Literacy > Reading performance > Overall: Overall.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Elementary (primary school) > Duration: Number of years students study at the primary level.
  • Children out of school > Primary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
  • Secondary education, teachers: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
  • Secondary education, teachers per 1000: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Mathematical literacy: Mathematical literacy mean value of performance scale 15 years old 2000
  • High school > Lower secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the lower secondary (middle school) level.
  • Children out of school, primary, male per 1000: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Scientific literacy: Scientific literacy mean value of performance scale 15 years old (2000)
  • Spending per student > High school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
  • Secondary education, general pupils: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
  • Reading literacy: Reading literacy mean value of performance scale (15 years old, 2000)
  • High school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for secondary level enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
  • Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills: Overall.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Scientific and technical journal articles: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
  • Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve: Access and retrieve.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion: The number of students from a given country studying abroad in a given year, expressed as a percentage of total tertiary enrollment in that country. Ratios greater than 100 % are possible, because those currently studying abroad do not count towards total enrollment.
  • Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Scouting > Genders admitted: Admits boys/girls.
  • Elementary (primary school) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin primary education.
  • Children out of school, primary, male: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
  • Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training.
  • Spending per student > Elementary school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
  • Secondary school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age (years). Entrance age of 2A lower secondary is the age at which students would enter lower secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
  • High school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age is the age at which students would enter secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
  • Primary education > Teachers > Per capita: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Educational attainment > Tertiary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till tertiary level (year 2000).
  • High school > Population with at least high school education > Women: Population with at least high school education > Women.
  • Schools connected to the Internet: Schools connected to the Internet are the share of primary and secondary schools in the country that have access to the Internet.
  • Public spending per student > Primary level: Public expenditure per student, primary level is the total reported current spending by the government on primary education, divided by the total number of pupils in primary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
  • Secondary education, pupils per 1000: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Primary education, pupils per 1000: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Student attitude > Dislike of school: Percentage of schoolgoing children who do not like going to school (2000).
  • Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years) is the number of grades (years) in secondary school."
  • Teacher student ratio > High school: Secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
  • Children out of school > Primary per 1000: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
  • Teacher student ratio > Elementary school: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 11: Intended hours of instruction per year for 11 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Elementary school > Enrolled students: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
  • Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
  • Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • School enrolment rate > 1st grade: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
  • Secondary education, general pupils per 1000: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 12: Intended hours of instruction per year for 12 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret: Integrate and interpret.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share: Percentage of primary students who attend a private school.
  • High school > Lower secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin lower secondary (middle school) education.
  • Elementary school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
  • High school enrolment rate > Female: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
  • Duration of education > Secondary level: Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (or years) in general secondary education.
  • Public spending per student > Tertiary level: Public expenditure per student, tertiary level is the total reported current spending by the government on tertiary education, divided by the total number of pupils in tertiary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
  • Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
  • Primary education > Pupils: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
  • High school > Population with at least high school education > Men: Gender Inequality Index.
  • Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Secondary education, vocational pupils: Secondary education, vocational pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. Technical/vocational programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
  • Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for education that goes to school staff salaries.
  • Secondary education > Teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • School enrolment rate > 5th grade: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
  • Spending per secondary school student: Secondary school spending per pupil in 1998, converted into US dollars by purchasing power parity.
  • Scientific and technical journal articles per million: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts: Continuous texts.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts: Non-continuous texts.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Duration of education > Primary level: Duration of primary education is the number of grades (or years) in primary education.
  • Literacy > Adults at low literacy level: Percentage of adults whose level of document literacy is rated 'low'. Data for 1998
  • Expected duration of education for all students: Expected years of schooling for a 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
  • Participation > Children out of school > Elementary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
  • Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
  • Public spending per student > Secondary level: Public expenditure per student, secondary level is the total reported current spending by the government on secondary education, divided by the total number of pupils in secondary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
  • Progression to secondary school: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
  • Children out of school > Primary > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate: Reflect and evaluate.

    No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

  • Educational attainment > Senior secondary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till senior secondary level (year 2000).
  • High school > Upper secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin upper secondary (high school) education.
  • Elementary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
  • Teaching weeks per year > Primary: Average number of weeks taught per year by primary level teachers. Data for 2000.
  • Student attitude > Find school boring: Percentage of students who do find school boring (2000).
  • School life expectancy > Male: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
  • Universities > Top 200: Number of universities in the top 200
  • Literacy > Adults at high literacy level: Percentage of adults whose level of document literacy is rated 'high'. Data for 1998.
  • Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Primary teacher salary > Starting: Annual statutory teachers' salaries in public institutions in primary education, in equivalent US dollars converted using PPPs. Data for 1999.
  • Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.

    The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad.
  • Library books per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Primary education > Teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training.
  • Expenditure on education > Change in expenditure on education > Expenditure in tertiary education: The indicator shows direct public and private expenditure on educational institutions in relation to the number of full-time equivalent students enrolled in these institutions. Public subsidies for students’ living expenses have been excluded to ensure international comparability of the data.

    Expenditure on education per student is obtained by dividing the total expenditure on educational institutions by the number of full-time equivalents students. Only those educational institutions and programmes are taken into account for which both enrolment and expenditure data are available.
  • Private school enrolment > Primary level: Private sector enrolment share, primary level is the share of primary school pupils who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
  • Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
  • Literacy > Adults with at least moderate literacy: Percentage of adult females who have at least a moderate level of literacy, in selected OECD countries. Data for 1998.
  • Educational attainment > Junior secondary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till junior secondary level (year 2000).
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 10: Intended hours of instruction per year for 10 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Primary education > Teachers per 1000: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Secondary education > Pupils per 1000: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Children out of school > Primary > Female > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Female enrolment share > Primary level: Girls' enrolment share, primary level is the number of girls enrolled in primary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in primary school.
  • Student attitude > Report class disorder: Percentage of students who report high noise level and disorder in classes (2000).
  • Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
  • Universities > Top 200 per million: Number of universities in the top 200. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning technology: Intended instruction time spent studying technology, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Primary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age (years). Entrance age of primary is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
  • Scouting > Members: Members of boy or girl scout groups which are members of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM).
  • Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for primary education that goes to school staff salaries.
  • High school > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to secondary education.
  • Enrolment ratio > Secondary level: Net enrolment ratio, secondary level, is the ratio of the number of children of official secondary school age enrolled in school to the number of children of official secondary school age in the population.
  • Participation > Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
  • Secondary education > Teachers per 1000: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Secondary education > General pupils per 1000: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Ratio of female to male primary enrollment: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
  • Children out of school > Primary > Male: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
  • Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index in primary, or elementary, school. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled. 
  • Spending per primary school student: Primary school spending per pupil in 1998, converted into US dollars by purchasing power parity.
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13: Intended hours of instruction per year for 14 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9: Intended hours of instruction per year for 9 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
  • Female enrolment share > Secondary level: Girls' enrolment share, secondary level is the number of girls enrolled in secondary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in secondary school.
  • Private school enrolment > Secondary level: Private sector enrolment share, secondary level is the share of students in general secondary education who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
  • Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Scouting > Members per thousand people: Membership (from 2012). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
  • Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64: For each age group shown, those who have completed tertiary education are shown as a percentage of all persons in that age group. Tertiary education includes both tertiary-type "A programmes”, which are largely theoretically-based and designed to provide qualifications for entry to advanced research programmes and professions with high skill requirements, as well as tertiary-type "B programmes” which are classified at the same level of competencies as tertiary-type A programmes but are more occupationally-oriented and lead to direct labour market access. The tertiary attainment profiles are based on the percentage of the population aged 25 to 64 that has completed that level of education.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning science: Intended instruction time spent studying science, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • School life expectancy > Female: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
  • Children out of school > Primary > Male > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • High school teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Elementary school teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Primary teacher salary > After 15 years: Annual statutory teachers' salaries in public institutions in primary education, in equivalent US dollars converted using PPPs. Data for 1999.
  • Literacy > Adults at moderate literacy level: Percentage of adults whose level of document literacy is rated 'moderate'. Data for 1998.
  • High school enrolment rate > Male: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
  • Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 15 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
  • Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 20 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
  • Participation > Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning vocational skills: Intended instruction time spent studying vocational skills, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP: Number of universities in the top 200 Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 billion $ gross domestic product.
  • Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
  • Primary education > Pupils per 1000: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
  • Share of university qualifications awarded to females: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
  • Young longtext readers: Share of 15-year-olds who are frequent longtext readers(2000)
  • Young shorttext readers: Share of 15-year-olds who are frequent shorttext (particularly comics) readers (2000)
  • Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.

    The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Primary teacher salary > Starting per 1000: Annual statutory teachers' salaries in public institutions in primary education, in equivalent US dollars converted using PPPs. Data for 1999. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning foreign languages: Intended instruction time spent studying modern foreign languages, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Spending per secondary school student > Per $ GDP: Secondary school spending per pupil in 1998, converted into US dollars by purchasing power parity. Per $ GDP figures expressed per $1,000 of Gross Domestic Product.
  • Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
  • Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 16 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
  • Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 19 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
  • Expected duration of education for males: Expected years of schooling for a male 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
  • Services, etc., value added > % of GDP: Services, etc., value added (% of GDP). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99 and they include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.
  • Primary education, teachers > % female: Primary education, teachers (% female). Percentage female teachers. Primary is the number of female teachers at the primary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers (male and female) at the primary level in a given school year. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
  • Tertiary education, teachers > % female: Tertiary education, teachers (% female). Percentage female teachers. Tertiary is the number of female teachers at the tertiary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers (male and female) at the tertiary level in a given school year. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
  • Unemployment with secondary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with secondary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Unemployment with primary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with primary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Labor force with tertiary education, male > % of male labor force: Labor force with tertiary education, male (% of male labor force). Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
  • Unemployment with tertiary education, female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education, female (% of female unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Unemployment with tertiary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
  • Proportion of 18 year olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 18 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
  • Public spending on public institutions: Percentage share of total public education expenditure which is spent directly on public educational institutions. Data for 1999.
  • School enrollment > Preprimary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment.
  • Literacy > Adults with at least moderate literacy > Female: Percentage of adult females who have at least a moderate level of literacy, in selected OECD countries. Data for 1998.
  • Primary education > Teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
  • Expenditure per student > Secondary > % of GDP per capita: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning arts: Intended instruction time spent studying arts, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Share of university qualifications awarded to females > Second degree: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as second degree awarded to females. Tertiary level A includes university and advanced research level degrees. Data for 2000.
  • Secondary education > Pupils > % female: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at secondary level includes enrollments in public and private schools.
  • Proportion of 17 year olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 17 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
  • Participation > School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
  • Government spending on education > % of government spending: Public expenditure on education consists of current and capital public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
  • Participation > School enrollment > Primary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
  • Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education > %: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education (%). Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
  • School enrollment, preprimary, female > % gross: School enrollment, preprimary, female (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Pre-primary. Female is the total female enrollment in pre-primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total female population of official pre-primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
  • School enrollment, preprimary, male > % gross: School enrollment, preprimary, male (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Pre-primary. Male is the total male enrollment in pre-primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total male population of official pre-primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
  • Secondary education, pupils > % female: Secondary education, pupils (% female). Percentage of female students. Total secondary. All programmes is the number of female students enrolled in all secondary education programmes expressed as a percentage of the total number of students (male and female) enrolled at the secondary education level in a given school year.
  • Expenditure per student, primary > % of GDP per capita: Expenditure per student, primary (% of GDP per capita). Public expenditure per pupil as a % of GDP per capita. Primary is the total public expenditure per student in primary education as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).
  • Adjusted savings: education expenditure > % of GNI: Adjusted savings: education expenditure (% of GNI). Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment.
  • School enrollment, primary > % gross: School enrollment, primary (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Primary. Total is the total enrollment in primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of official primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
  • School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
  • School enrollment, primary, male > % net: School enrollment, primary, male (% net). Net enrolment rate. Primary. Male is the ratio of male children of the official primary school age who are enrolled in primary school to the male population of the official primary school age.
  • Expected duration of education for females: Expected years of schooling for a female 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning mathematics: Intended instruction time spent practicing mathematics, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • Proportion of primary education time spent learning religion: Intended instruction time spent studying religion, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
  • School enrollment, secondary, female > % gross: School enrollment, secondary, female (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Secondary. All programmes. Female is the total female enrollment in secondary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the female population of official secondary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
  • School enrollment, secondary, male > % net: School enrollment, secondary, male (% net). Net enrolment rate. Secondary. All programmes. Male is the ratio of male children of the official secondary school age who are enrolled in secondary school to the male population of the official secondary school age.
  • Secondary education, teachers, female: Secondary education, teachers, female. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Female is the total number of female teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
STAT Australia Norway HISTORY
Average years of schooling of adults 10.9
Ranked 6th.
11.8
Ranked 2nd. 8% more than Australia
Children out of school, primary 68,417
Ranked 39th. 22 times more than Norway
3,100
Ranked 90th.

Children out of school, primary per 1000 3.06
Ranked 68th. 5 times more than Norway
0.626
Ranked 97th.

Children out of school, primary, female 29,573
Ranked 39th. 22 times more than Norway
1,354
Ranked 83th.

College and university > Gender parity index 1.35
Ranked 39th.
1.63
Ranked 14th. 20% more than Australia

College and university > Share of total education spending 22.28%
Ranked 42nd.
29.63%
Ranked 12th. 33% more than Australia

Compulsary education duration 11
Ranked 41st. The same as Norway
11
Ranked 44th.

Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP 5.59%
Ranked 41st.
6.87%
Ranked 15th. 23% more than Australia

High school enrolment rate 99.86
Ranked 6th.
99.95
Ranked 4th. The same as Australia

Homeschooling legal status Legal as alternative to the mandatory public school system. Legal
Literacy > Total population 99%
Ranked 25th.
100%
Ranked 2nd. 1% more than Australia
Primary education, duration > Years 7
Ranked 20th. The same as Norway
7
Ranked 21st.

Primary education, teachers per 1000 5.57
Ranked 46th.
5.63
Ranked 30th. 1% more than Australia

Pupil-teacher ratio, primary 17.88
Ranked 118th. 6% more than Norway
16.81
Ranked 112th.

Secondary education, duration > Years 6
Ranked 144th. The same as Norway
6
Ranked 156th.

Literacy > Female 99%
Ranked 24th.
100%
Ranked 1st. 1% more than Australia
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000 1.32
Ranked 67th. 5 times more than Norway
0.273
Ranked 90th.

College and university > Gender ratio 129.51
Ranked 38th.
161.83
Ranked 14th. 25% more than Australia

Child care (preschool) > Duration 1
Ranked 201st.
3
Ranked 112th. 3 times more than Australia

Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita 6.42 per 1,000 people
Ranked 33th.
9.91 per 1,000 people
Ranked 14th. 54% more than Australia

Duration of compulsory education 11 years
Ranked 29th. The same as Norway
11 years
Ranked 30th.
Secondary education, pupils 2.33 million
Ranked 32nd. 5 times more than Norway
437,010
Ranked 78th.

College and university > Private school share 8.79%
Ranked 92nd.
14.53%
Ranked 76th. 65% more than Australia

Girls to boys ratio > Primary level enrolment 0.99
Ranked 53th.
1
Ranked 43th. 1% more than Australia

School life expectancy > Total 16.6 years
Ranked 3rd.
16.9 years
Ranked 1st. 2% more than Australia
Primary education, pupils 2.04 million
Ranked 48th. 5 times more than Norway
423,333
Ranked 86th.

Primary education, teachers 105,469
Ranked 36th. 5 times more than Norway
22,303
Ranked 37th.

Tertiary enrollment 63.3%
Ranked 6th.
70%
Ranked 3rd. 11% more than Australia
Spending per student > College and university 21.04
Ranked 40th.
47.15
Ranked 12th. 2 times more than Australia

High school > Gender ratio 95.35
Ranked 82nd.
97.81
Ranked 71st. 3% more than Australia

Compulsary education starting age 5
Ranked 172nd.
6
Ranked 129th. 20% more than Australia

Literacy > Definition age 15 and over can read and write age 15 and over can read and write
High school > Upper secondary school duration 2
Ranked 188th.
3
Ranked 128th. 50% more than Australia

Literacy > Male 99%
Ranked 34th.
100%
Ranked 1st. 1% more than Australia
Spending > USD 49.45 billion
Ranked 13th. 81% more than Norway
27.31 billion
Ranked 20th.

High school > Private school share 35.24%
Ranked 16th. 4 times more than Norway
8.17%
Ranked 87th.

Spending > Proportion 5.11
Ranked 46th.
6.03
Ranked 22nd. 18% more than Australia

Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary 17.88
Ranked 114th. 70% more than Norway
10.5
Ranked 140th.

Child care (preschool) > Starting age 4
Ranked 50th. 33% more than Norway
3
Ranked 187th.

Preschool enrollment rate 105.52
Ranked 60th. 7% more than Norway
98.68
Ranked 95th.

Tertiary > Students studying abroad 10,829.8
Ranked 75th.
15,018.17
Ranked 54th. 39% more than Australia

Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level 1.01 million
Ranked 23th. 5 times more than Norway
212,395
Ranked 57th.

Teachers as percentage of labor force 3.7%
Ranked 23th.
5.2%
Ranked 5th. 41% more than Australia
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall 515
Ranked 7th. 2% more than Norway
503
Ranked 10th.
Elementary (primary school) > Duration 7
Ranked 24th. The same as Norway
7
Ranked 25th.

Children out of school > Primary 77,047
Ranked 37th. 16 times more than Norway
4,789
Ranked 87th.

Secondary education, teachers 104,110
Ranked 23th. 2 times more than Norway
49,191
Ranked 37th.

Secondary education, teachers per 1000 5.95
Ranked 28th.
11.28
Ranked 5th. 90% more than Australia

Mathematical literacy 533
Ranked 6th. 7% more than Norway
499
Ranked 16th.
High school > Lower secondary school duration 4
Ranked 60th. 33% more than Norway
3
Ranked 176th.

Children out of school, primary, male per 1000 1.74
Ranked 61st. 5 times more than Norway
0.353
Ranked 90th.

Scientific literacy 528
Ranked 7th. 6% more than Norway
500
Ranked 12th.
Spending per student > High school 15.11
Ranked 47th.
26.47
Ranked 15th. 75% more than Australia

Secondary education, general pupils 1.54 million
Ranked 35th. 5 times more than Norway
308,417
Ranked 87th.

Reading literacy 528
Ranked 4th. 5% more than Norway
505
Ranked 13th.
High school > Gender parity index 0.951
Ranked 109th.
0.982
Ranked 96th. 3% more than Australia

Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills 515
Ranked 7th. 2% more than Norway
503
Ranked 10th.
Scientific and technical journal articles 15,809
Ranked 10th. 5 times more than Norway
3,339
Ranked 27th.

Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve 513
Ranked 9th. About the same as Norway
512
Ranked 10th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion 0.818%
Ranked 118th.
6.54%
Ranked 48th. 8 times more than Australia

Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000 51.51
Ranked 9th. 10% more than Norway
46.8
Ranked 18th.

Scouting > Genders admitted both both
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age 5
Ranked 205th.
6
Ranked 162nd. 20% more than Australia

Education expenditure of government > As percentage of total government 13.3%
Ranked 56th.
16.6%
Ranked 31st. 25% more than Australia

Children out of school, primary, male 38,844
Ranked 37th. 22 times more than Norway
1,746
Ranked 79th.

Education expenditure of government > As percentage of GNI 4.9%
Ranked 52nd.
7.7%
Ranked 6th. 57% more than Australia

Secondary education > General pupils 1.45 million
Ranked 40th. 5 times more than Norway
268,070
Ranked 99th.

Spending per student > Elementary school 17.08
Ranked 34th.
18.44
Ranked 28th. 8% more than Australia

Secondary school starting age > Years 12
Ranked 110th.
13
Ranked 33th. 8% more than Australia

High school starting age > Years 12
Ranked 102nd.
13
Ranked 32nd. 8% more than Australia

Primary education > Teachers > Per capita 5.57 per 1,000 people
Ranked 40th.
8.96 per 1,000 people
Ranked 6th. 61% more than Australia

Educational attainment > Tertiary 29%
Ranked 7th. 4% more than Norway
28%
Ranked 9th.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level 1.93 million
Ranked 57th. 4 times more than Norway
432,618
Ranked 102nd.

High school > Population with at least high school education > Women 92.2%
Ranked 21st.
95.6%
Ranked 12th. 4% more than Australia

Schools connected to the Internet 97%
Ranked 9th.
99%
Ranked 6th. 2% more than Australia
Public spending per student > Primary level 15.9
Ranked 9th.
29.2
Ranked 3rd. 84% more than Australia
Secondary education, pupils per 1000 104.3
Ranked 25th. 18% more than Norway
88.23
Ranked 54th.

Primary education, pupils per 1000 91.48
Ranked 85th. 7% more than Norway
85.47
Ranked 92nd.

Girls to boys ratio > Tertiary level enrolment 1.25
Ranked 37th.
1.54
Ranked 14th. 23% more than Australia

Girls to boys ratio > Secondary level enrolment 0.95
Ranked 97th.
1.01
Ranked 61st. 6% more than Australia

Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita 51.54 per 1,000 people
Ranked 9th. 10% more than Norway
46.8 per 1,000 people
Ranked 18th.

Student attitude > Dislike of school 34%
Ranked 6th. 48% more than Norway
23%
Ranked 15th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people 0.485
Ranked 144th.
3.03
Ranked 65th. 6 times more than Australia

Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years 6
Ranked 128th. The same as Norway
6
Ranked 138th.

Teacher student ratio > High school 12.58
Ranked 83th. 43% more than Norway
8.79
Ranked 120th.

Children out of school > Primary per 1000 3.83
Ranked 67th. 4 times more than Norway
1.04
Ranked 99th.

Inequality adjusted index 0.965
Ranked 2nd.
0.968
Ranked 1st. About the same as Australia
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school 17.88
Ranked 104th. 70% more than Norway
10.5
Ranked 135th.

Hours of instruction for pupils aged 11 987 hours
Ranked 8th. 28% more than Norway
770 hours
Ranked 29th.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5 98.8%
Ranked 12th.
100%
Ranked 1st. 1% more than Australia

Elementary school > Enrolled students 1.98 million
Ranked 47th. 5 times more than Norway
429,585
Ranked 84th.

Primary education > Duration > Years 7 years
Ranked 20th. The same as Norway
7 years
Ranked 21st.

Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita $24,308.11
Ranked 3rd.
$34,960.96
Ranked 3rd. 44% more than Australia

School enrolment rate > 1st grade 102.78
Ranked 70th. 5% more than Norway
97.97
Ranked 85th.

Secondary education, general pupils per 1000 69.08
Ranked 73th. 11% more than Norway
62.27
Ranked 87th.

Hours of instruction for pupils aged 12 1,014 hours
Ranked 11th. 32% more than Norway
770 hours
Ranked 35th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret 513
Ranked 7th. 2% more than Norway
502
Ranked 12th.
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share 31.08%
Ranked 27th. 13 times more than Norway
2.36%
Ranked 110th.

High school > Lower secondary starting age 12
Ranked 113th.
13
Ranked 33th. 8% more than Australia

Elementary school > Gender ratio 99.85
Ranked 33th.
100.21
Ranked 26th. About the same as Australia

High school enrolment rate > Female 99.8
Ranked 15th.
99.89
Ranked 9th. The same as Australia

Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level 97%
Ranked 47th.
98%
Ranked 38th. 1% more than Australia

Duration of education > Secondary level 6
Ranked 122nd. The same as Norway
6
Ranked 132nd.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level 24.9
Ranked 17th.
46.5
Ranked 33th. 87% more than Australia
Secondary education > Pupils 2.49 million
Ranked 29th. 6 times more than Norway
400,159
Ranked 78th.

Primary education > Pupils 1.93 million
Ranked 52nd. 4 times more than Norway
432,345
Ranked 97th.

High school > Population with at least high school education > Men 92.2%
Ranked 25th.
94.7%
Ranked 19th. 3% more than Australia

Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita 127.98 per 1,000 people
Ranked 14th. 51% more than Norway
84.84 per 1,000 people
Ranked 83th.

Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Tertiary level 54%
Ranked 54th.
59.74%
Ranked 20th. 11% more than Australia

Secondary education, vocational pupils 786,296
Ranked 13th. 6 times more than Norway
128,593
Ranked 48th.

Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries 73.47%
Ranked 41st.
76.02%
Ranked 43th. 3% more than Australia

Secondary education > Teachers 111,000
Ranked 28th. 2 times more than Norway
45,505
Ranked 57th.

School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary 20 years
Ranked 1st. 18% more than Norway
17 years
Ranked 9th.
School enrolment rate > 5th grade 98.8
Ranked 5th.
99.58
Ranked 5th. 1% more than Australia

Spending per secondary school student $5,830.00 per student
Ranked 10th.
$7,343.00 per student
Ranked 4th. 26% more than Australia
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level 2.51 million
Ranked 32nd. 7 times more than Norway
385,009
Ranked 91st.

Scientific and technical journal articles per million 794.61
Ranked 8th. 9% more than Norway
731.46
Ranked 12th.

Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts 513
Ranked 7th. 2% more than Norway
505
Ranked 9th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts 524
Ranked 5th. 5% more than Norway
498
Ranked 17th.
Duration of education > Primary level 7
Ranked 19th. The same as Norway
7
Ranked 20th.
Literacy > Adults at low literacy level 44.8%
Ranked 9th. 51% more than Norway
29.7%
Ranked 16th.
Expected duration of education for all students 20.7 years
Ranked 1st. 16% more than Norway
17.9 years
Ranked 7th.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary 54,848
Ranked 44th. 10 times more than Norway
5,729
Ranked 80th.

Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education 97.3%
Ranked 83th.
99.01%
Ranked 65th. 2% more than Australia

Public spending per student > Secondary level 13.9
Ranked 25th.
19.8
Ranked 9th. 42% more than Australia
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Primary level 48.61%
Ranked 69th.
48.64%
Ranked 64th. The same as Australia

Progression to secondary school 99.86%
Ranked 8th. The same as Norway
99.8%
Ranked 5th.

Children out of school > Primary > Per capita 3.83 per 1,000 people
Ranked 68th. 4 times more than Norway
1.04 per 1,000 people
Ranked 101st.

Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate 523
Ranked 6th. 4% more than Norway
505
Ranked 10th.
Educational attainment > Senior secondary 30%
Ranked 17th.
57%
Ranked 4th. 90% more than Australia
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Women 97%
Ranked 43th.
98%
Ranked 35th. 1% more than Australia

High school > Upper secondary starting age 16
Ranked 48th. The same as Norway
16
Ranked 56th.

Elementary school starting age > Years 5
Ranked 174th.
6
Ranked 142nd. 20% more than Australia

Library books 2.44 million
Ranked 6th. 33% more than Norway
1.84 million
Ranked 26th.
Teaching weeks per year > Primary 40 weeks per year
Ranked 14th. 5% more than Norway
38 weeks per year
Ranked 19th.
Student attitude > Find school boring 60%
Ranked 3rd. 3% more than Norway
58%
Ranked 7th.
School life expectancy > Male 16.4 years
Ranked 1st. 1% more than Norway
16.3 years
Ranked 2nd.
Universities > Top 200 17
Ranked 3rd. 17 times more than Norway
1
Ranked 24th.
Literacy > Adults at high literacy level 17.4%
Ranked 12th.
29.4%
Ranked 2nd. 69% more than Australia
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita 72.08 per 1,000 people
Ranked 75th. 23% more than Norway
58.38 per 1,000 people
Ranked 111th.

Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita 0.098 per capita
Ranked 104th. 3% more than Norway
0.095 per capita
Ranked 109th.

Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000 98.4
Ranked 106th. 3% more than Norway
95.33
Ranked 109th.

Primary teacher salary > Starting $25,661.00
Ranked 6th. 16% more than Norway
$22,194.00
Ranked 8th.
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Men 97%
Ranked 42nd.
98%
Ranked 38th. 1% more than Australia

Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD 2.01%
Ranked 12th. 28% more than Norway
1.57%
Ranked 18th.
Library books per 1000 135.07
Ranked 10th.
412.62
Ranked 24th. 3 times more than Australia
Primary education > Teachers 105,469
Ranked 33th. 3 times more than Norway
41,161
Ranked 62nd.

Secondary education > Vocational pupils 1.04 million
Ranked 11th. 8 times more than Norway
132,089
Ranked 43th.

Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Secondary level 48.01%
Ranked 110th.
49.27%
Ranked 78th. 3% more than Australia

Expenditure on education > Change in expenditure on education > Expenditure in tertiary education 122.22 Index of change, year 200
Ranked 13th. 4% more than Norway
117.38 Index of change, year 200
Ranked 16th.
Private school enrolment > Primary level 27.2
Ranked 16th. 17 times more than Norway
1.6
Ranked 77th.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years 7
Ranked 19th. The same as Norway
7
Ranked 20th.

Literacy > Adults with at least moderate literacy 55.2%
Ranked 9th.
70.3%
Ranked 2nd. 27% more than Australia
Educational attainment > Junior secondary 41%
Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Norway
15%
Ranked 16th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 10 987 hours
Ranked 8th. 28% more than Norway
770 hours
Ranked 27th.
Primary education > Teachers per 1000 5.57
Ranked 41st.
8.96
Ranked 8th. 61% more than Australia

Secondary education > Pupils per 1000 123.82
Ranked 15th. 42% more than Norway
87.14
Ranked 62nd.

Children out of school > Primary > Female > Per capita 1.75 per 1,000 people
Ranked 71st. 3 times more than Norway
0.53 per 1,000 people
Ranked 98th.

Female enrolment share > Primary level 48.6%
Ranked 61st.
48.7%
Ranked 49th. About the same as Australia
Student attitude > Report class disorder 32%
Ranked 9th.
39%
Ranked 4th. 22% more than Australia
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ $551.40 billion
Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Norway
$170.93 billion
Ranked 21st.

Universities > Top 200 per million 0.834
Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Norway
0.216
Ranked 16th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning technology 9 n
Primary school starting age > Years 5
Ranked 195th.
6
Ranked 161st. 20% more than Australia

Scouting > Members 65,881
Ranked 24th. 4 times more than Norway
17,279
Ranked 56th.
Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries 76.85%
Ranked 61st.
78.65%
Ranked 58th. 2% more than Australia

High school > Share of total education spending 36.79%
Ranked 43th. 4% more than Norway
35.33%
Ranked 53th.

Enrolment ratio > Secondary level 89.7%
Ranked 12th.
95%
Ranked 2nd. 6% more than Australia
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils 1.51 million
Ranked 35th. 5 times more than Norway
291,724
Ranked 84th.

Secondary education > Teachers per 1000 6.42
Ranked 34th.
9.91
Ranked 14th. 54% more than Australia

Secondary education > General pupils per 1000 71.95
Ranked 76th. 23% more than Norway
58.38
Ranked 112th.

Ratio of female to male primary enrollment 99.56
Ranked 41st.
99.91
Ranked 28th. About the same as Australia

Children out of school > Primary > Male 41,839
Ranked 36th. 18 times more than Norway
2,357
Ranked 83th.

Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index 0.994
Ranked 62nd.
1
Ranked 34th. 1% more than Australia

Spending per primary school student $3,981.00 per student
Ranked 10th.
$5,761.00 per student
Ranked 5th. 45% more than Australia
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13 1,023 hours
Ranked 13th. 20% more than Norway
855 hours
Ranked 30th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9 986 hours
Ranked 9th.
0.0
Ranked 37th.
Female enrolment share > Secondary level 48.9%
Ranked 76th.
49.3%
Ranked 68th. 1% more than Australia
Private school enrolment > Secondary level 33.6
Ranked 4th. 8 times more than Norway
4.4
Ranked 69th.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000 127.91
Ranked 15th. 51% more than Norway
84.84
Ranked 84th.

Scouting > Members per thousand people 2.9
Ranked 48th.
3.44
Ranked 41st. 19% more than Australia
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64 26.26%
Ranked 6th. 6% more than Norway
24.86%
Ranked 8th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning science 11%
Ranked 21st. 22% more than Norway
9%
Ranked 29th.
School life expectancy > Female 16.8 years
Ranked 5th.
17.6 years
Ranked 1st. 5% more than Australia
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5 > Men 98.1%
Ranked 11th.
100%
Ranked 1st. 2% more than Australia

Children out of school > Primary > Male > Per capita 2.08 per 1,000 people
Ranked 65th. 4 times more than Norway
0.513 per 1,000 people
Ranked 95th.

High school teachers 183,020
Ranked 10th. 4 times more than Norway
45,505
Ranked 58th.

Elementary school teachers 105,469
Ranked 31st. 3 times more than Norway
41,161
Ranked 56th.

Primary teacher salary > After 15 years $36,971.00
Ranked 2nd. 43% more than Norway
$25,854.00
Ranked 13th.
Literacy > Adults at moderate literacy level 37.7%
Ranked 8th.
40.9%
Ranked 3rd. 8% more than Australia
High school enrolment rate > Male 99.92
Ranked 10th.
100
Ranked 11th. The same as Australia

Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education 99%
Ranked 9th.
100%
Ranked 3rd. 1% more than Australia
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education 33%
Ranked 11th. 18% more than Norway
28%
Ranked 15th.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils 2.49 million
Ranked 27th. 6 times more than Norway
403,026
Ranked 78th.

Proportion of primary education time spent learning vocational skills n n
Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP 0.027 per $1 billion of GDP
Ranked 2nd. 7 times more than Norway
0.004 per $1 billion of GDP
Ranked 20th.
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita 124.04 per 1,000 people
Ranked 14th. 42% more than Norway
87.14 per 1,000 people
Ranked 65th.

Primary education > Pupils per 1000 96.12
Ranked 99th. 2% more than Norway
94.15
Ranked 102nd.

Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment 95.96
Ranked 106th.
102.87
Ranked 50th. 7% more than Australia

Share of university qualifications awarded to females 57%
Ranked 13th.
64%
Ranked 3rd. 12% more than Australia
Young longtext readers 36%
Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Norway
13.4%
Ranked 24th.
Young shorttext readers 10.6%
Ranked 25th.
58%
Ranked 3rd. 5 times more than Australia
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million 0.0923%
Ranked 16th.
0.325%
Ranked 7th. 4 times more than Australia
Primary teacher salary > Starting per 1000 $1.36
Ranked 13th.
$4.97
Ranked 4th. 4 times more than Australia
Proportion of primary education time spent learning foreign languages 6 16
Spending per secondary school student > Per $ GDP $0.00 per student per $1,000
Ranked 13th.
$0.00 per student per $1,000
Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Australia
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree 57%
Ranked 13th.
64%
Ranked 3rd. 12% more than Australia
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education 94%
Ranked 11th. The same as Norway
94%
Ranked 9th.
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education 34%
Ranked 8th. 3 times more than Norway
13%
Ranked 20th.
Expected duration of education for males 20.1 years
Ranked 1st. 16% more than Norway
17.3 years
Ranked 8th.
Services, etc., value added > % of GDP 69.44%
Ranked 19th. 19% more than Norway
58.54%
Ranked 86th.

Primary education, teachers > % female 76.89%
Ranked 29th. 22% more than Norway
62.97%
Ranked 26th.

Tertiary education, teachers > % female 31.43%
Ranked 13th.
36.2%
Ranked 48th. 15% more than Australia

Unemployment with secondary education, male > % of male unemployment 34.5%
Ranked 65th.
52.6%
Ranked 31st. 52% more than Australia

Unemployment with primary education, male > % of male unemployment 48.5%
Ranked 21st. 68% more than Norway
28.9%
Ranked 55th.

Labor force with tertiary education, male > % of male labor force 29.9%
Ranked 15th.
32.4%
Ranked 8th. 8% more than Australia

Unemployment with tertiary education, female > % of female unemployment 21.1%
Ranked 45th.
23.3%
Ranked 37th. 10% more than Australia

Unemployment with tertiary education, male > % of male unemployment 17%
Ranked 34th. 29% more than Norway
13.2%
Ranked 50th.

Proportion of 18 year olds in secondary education 38%
Ranked 20th.
86%
Ranked 3rd. 2 times more than Australia
Public spending on public institutions 75.9%
Ranked 26th.
83.3%
Ranked 23th. 10% more than Australia
School enrollment > Preprimary > % gross 102.41% gross
Ranked 15th. 20% more than Norway
85.28% gross
Ranked 36th.

Literacy > Adults with at least moderate literacy > Female 47.8%
Ranked 7th. 3% more than Norway
46.6%
Ranked 11th.
Primary education > Teachers > % female 71.5% female
Ranked 43th.
72.57% female
Ranked 79th. 1% more than Australia

Expenditure per student > Secondary > % of GDP per capita 14.38%
Ranked 62nd.
32.97%
Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Australia

Proportion of primary education time spent learning arts 8 8
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > Second degree 56%
Ranked 9th. 8% more than Norway
52%
Ranked 14th.
Secondary education > Pupils > % female 47.76% female
Ranked 94th.
49.46% female
Ranked 50th. 4% more than Australia

Proportion of 17 year olds in secondary education 79%
Ranked 18th.
92%
Ranked 5th. 16% more than Australia
Participation > School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net 97.44%
Ranked 25th.
98.79%
Ranked 6th. 1% more than Australia

Government spending on education > % of government spending 14.01%
Ranked 46th.
16.47%
Ranked 24th. 18% more than Australia

Participation > School enrollment > Primary > Female > % gross 105.44%
Ranked 55th. 7% more than Norway
98.79%
Ranked 91st.

School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Female 21 years
Ranked 1st. 17% more than Norway
18 years
Ranked 6th.
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education > % 96.95%
Ranked 92nd.
99.52%
Ranked 58th. 3% more than Australia

School enrollment, preprimary, female > % gross 77.5%
Ranked 60th.
98.63%
Ranked 26th. 27% more than Australia

School enrollment, preprimary, male > % gross 78.72%
Ranked 58th.
98.97%
Ranked 23th. 26% more than Australia

Secondary education, pupils > % female 47.37%
Ranked 104th.
48.2%
Ranked 84th. 2% more than Australia

Expenditure per student, primary > % of GDP per capita 22.52%
Ranked 24th. 7% more than Norway
21.13%
Ranked 34th.

Adjusted savings: education expenditure > % of GNI 4.78%
Ranked 60th.
6.58%
Ranked 16th. 38% more than Australia

School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Male 20 years
Ranked 1st. 18% more than Norway
17 years
Ranked 7th.
School enrollment, primary > % gross 104.42%
Ranked 70th. 5% more than Norway
99.27%
Ranked 104th.

School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross 145.42% gross
Ranked 1st. 24% more than Norway
117.32% gross
Ranked 6th.

School enrollment, primary, male > % net 96.03%
Ranked 35th.
99.2%
Ranked 6th. 3% more than Australia

Expected duration of education for females 20.1 years
Ranked 2nd. 8% more than Norway
18.6 years
Ranked 6th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning mathematics 12%
Ranked 26th.
13%
Ranked 14th. 8% more than Australia
Proportion of primary education time spent learning religion n 7
School enrollment, secondary, female > % gross 129.25%
Ranked 2nd. 15% more than Norway
112.41%
Ranked 8th.

School enrollment, secondary, male > % net 85.16%
Ranked 37th.
95.24%
Ranked 7th. 12% more than Australia

Secondary education, teachers, female 52,710
Ranked 17th. 2 times more than Norway
22,591
Ranked 35th.

SOURCES: UNESCO; UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeschooling_international_status_and_statistics; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Development Indicators database; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's Statistical Yearbook, and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics online database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute of Statistics; Wikipedia: List of countries by student performance (Reading); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2001); OECD; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; The Times, 2005; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009; World Bank national accounts data; The Times, 2005. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute of Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; World Bank staff estimates

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