People Stats: compare key data on Finland & South Africa

Definitions

Age distribution > Median age: The median age of the country's residents. This is the age most people are in the country.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-14: Percentage of total population aged 0-14.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-14 > Total: Number of people aged 0-14.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 15-24.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Total: Number of people aged 15-24.
Age distribution > Total dependency ratio: Percentage of dependant persons out of total population aged 15-64. A dependant person is a person aged 0-14 and those over 65 years old.
Birth rate: The average annual number of births during a year per 1,000 persons in the population at midyear; also known as crude birth rate. The birth rate is usually the dominant factor in determining the rate of population growth. It depends on both the level of fertility and the age structure of the population.
Death rate: The average annual number of deaths during a year per 1,000 population at midyear; also known as crude death rate. The death rate, while only a rough indicator of the mortality situation in a country, accurately indicates the current mortality impact on population growth. This indicator is significantly affected by age distribution, and most countries will eventually show a rise in the overall death rate, in spite of continued decline in mortality at all ages, as declining fertility results in an aging population.
Ethnic groups: This entry provides a rank ordering of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population.
Gender > Female population: Total female population.
Mother's mean age at first birth: This entry provides the mean (average) age of mothers at the birth of their first child. It is a useful indicator for gauging the success of family planning programs aiming to reduce maternal mortality, increase contraceptive use – particularly among married and unmarried adolescents, delay age at first marriage, and improve the health of newborns.
Population: Population, total refers to the total population.
Population > Population growth, past and future: Population growth rate (percentage).
Population growth: Percentage by which country's population either has increased or is estimated to increase. Countries with a decrease in population are signified by a negative percentage. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Population growth rate: The average annual percent change in the population, resulting from a surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths and the balance of migrants entering and leaving a country. The rate may be positive or negative. The growth rate is a factor in determining how great a burden would be imposed on a country by the changing needs of its people for infrastructure (e.g., schools, hospitals, housing, roads), resources (e.g., food, water, electricity), and jobs. Rapid population growth can be seen as threatening by neighboring countries.
Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 60 and older.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-64 > Total: Number of people aged 15-64.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Total: Number of people aged 0-4.
Obesity > Adult obesity rate: This entry gives the percent of a country's population considered to be obese. Obesity is defined as an adult having a Body Mass Index (BMI) greater to or equal to 30.0. BMI is calculated by taking a person's weight in kg and dividing it by the person's squared height in meters.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-59: Percentage of total pouplation aged 15-59.
Population in 2015: (Thousands) Medium-variant projections.
Urban and rural > Population living in cities proper: Each city population by sex, city and city type.
Death rate, crude > Per 1,000 people: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people). Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.
Total fertility rate: The average number of children that would be born per woman if all women lived to the end of their child-bearing years and bore children according to a given fertility rate at each age. The total fertility rate is a more direct measure of the level of fertility than the crude birth rate, since it refers to births per woman. This indicator shows the potential for population growth in the country. High rates will also place some limits on the labor force participation rates for women. Large numbers of children born to women indicate large family sizes that might limit the ability of the families to feed and educate their children.
Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 65 and older.
Age dependency ratio > Dependents to working-age population: Age dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents--people younger than 15 or older than 64--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. For example, 0.7 means there are 7 dependents for every 10 working-age people.
Age structure > 0-14 years: The distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Gender > Male population: Total male population.
Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Total: Number of people aged 60 and older.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-64: Percentage of total population aged 15-64.
Age structure > 65 years and over: The distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest."
Nationality > Noun: The noun which identifies citizens of the nation
Age distribution > Elderly dependency ratio: Percentage of dependant adults out of total population aged 15-64. A dependant adult is an adult aged 65 and older.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 0-4.
Physicians density: This entry gives the number of medical doctors (physicians), including generalist and specialist medical practitioners, per 1,000 of the population. Medical doctors are defined as doctors that study, diagnose, treat, and prevent illness, disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in humans through the application of modern medicine. They also plan, supervise, and evaluate care and treatment plans by other health care providers. The World Health Organization estimates that fewer than 2.3 health workers (physicians, nurses, and midwives only) per 1,000 would be insufficient to achieve coverage of primary healthcare needs.
Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Total: Number of people 65 years old and older.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-59 > Total: Number of people aged 15-59.
Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Total: Number of people aged 80 years and older.
Cities > Urban population: Total population living in urban areas. The defition of an urban area differs for each country. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Abortion > Abortion rate: Abortions per 1000 women.
Nationality > Adjective: This entry is derived from People > Nationality, which provides the identifying terms for citizens - noun and adjective.
Sex ratio > Total population: The number of males for each female one of five age groups - at birth, under 15 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over, and for the total population. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons. This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners.
Age distribution > Population aged 5-14 > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 5-14.
Sex ratio > At birth: The number of males for each female one of five age groups - at birth, under 15 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over, and for the total population. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons. This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners.
Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 80 and older.
Gender > Sex ratio at birth: Number of males born for every female born. Countries with a number less than one have more females born than males.
Age distribution > Population aged 5-14 > Total: Number of people aged 5-14.
Migration > Net migration rate: The difference between the number of persons entering and leaving a country during the year per 1,000 persons (based on midyear population). An excess of persons entering the country is referred to as net immigration (e.g., 3.56 migrants/1,000 population); an excess of persons leaving the country as net emigration (e.g., -9.26 migrants/1,000 population). The net migration rate indicates the contribution of migration to the overall level of population change. High levels of migration can cause problems such as increasing unemployment and potential ethnic strife (if people are coming in) or a reduction in the labor force, perhaps in certain key sectors (if people are leaving).
Child labor > Children ages 5-14: This entry provides the mean (average) age of mothers at the birth of their first child. It is a useful indicator for gauging the success of family planning programs aiming to reduce maternal mortality, increase contraceptive use – particularly among married and unmarried adolescents, delay age at first marriage, and improve the health of newborns.
Future population change: Total change in population by country. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Urban population: Urban population is the midyear population of areas defined as urban in each country and reported to the United Nations.
Migration > Net migration > Per capita: Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates. To derive estimates of net migration, the United Nations Population Division takes into account the past migration history of a country or area, the migration policy of a country, and the influx of refugees in recent periods. The data to calculate these official estimates come from a variety of sources, including border statistics, administrative records, surveys, and censuses. When no official estimates can be made because of insufficient data, net migration is derived through the balance equation, which is the difference between overall population growth and the natural increase during the 1990-2000 intercensal period." Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
Median age > Total: This entry is derived from People > Median age, which is the age that divides a population into two numerically equal groups; that is, half the people are younger than this age and half are older. It is a single index that summarizes the age distribution of a population. Currently, the median age ranges from a low of about 15 in Uganda and Gaza Strip to 40 or more in several European countries and Japan. See the entry for "Age structure" for the importance of a young versus an older age structure and, by implication, a low versus a higher median age.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population: This entry is derived from People > Life expectancy at birth, which contains the average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Urban and rural > Urban population: Total population living in urban areas by country.
Projected population growth: Percentage change in projected population between 2000 and 2050
Units: Percent Change in Population
Units: A threshold of 0 was applied. All countries with growth rates of 0 or below received the same score.
Marriage > Years being single before marriage > Women: Average age of women at their first marriage.
Age structure > 15-64 years: The distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Literacy > Total population: This entry is derived from People > Literacy, which includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of the Factbook. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons. Low levels of literacy, and education in general, can impede the economic development of a country in the current rapidly changing, technology-driven world.
Additional details:
- Gibraltar: above 80% (2013)
Dependency ratios > Youth dependency ratio: This entry is derived from People > Dependency ratios, which dependency ratios are a measure of the age structure of a population. They relate the number of individuals that are likely to be economically "dependent" on the support of others. Dependency ratios contrast the ratio of youths (ages 0-14) and the elderly (ages 65+) to the number of those in the working-age group (ages 15-64). Changes in the dependency ratio provide an indication of potential social support requirements resulting from changes in population age structures. As fertility levels decline, the dependency ratio initially falls because the proportion of youths decreases while the proportion of the population of working age increases. As fertility levels continue to decline, dependency ratios eventually increase because the proportion of the population of working age starts to decline and the proportion of elderly persons continues to increase.
total dependency ratio - The total dependency ratio is the ratio of combined youth population (ages 0-14) and elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high total dependency ratio indicates that the working-age population and the overall economy face a greater burden to support and provide social services for youth and elderly persons, who are often economically dependent.
youth dependency ratio - The youth dependency ratio is the ratio of the youth population (ages 0-14) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high youth dependency ratio indicates that a greater investment needs to be made in schooling and other services for children.
elderly dependency ratio - The elderly dependency ratio is the ratio of the elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). Increases in the elderly dependency ratio put added pressure on governments to fund pensions and healthcare.
potential support ratio - The potential support ratio is the number of working-age people (ages 15-64) per one elderly person (ages 65+). As a population ages, the potential support ratio tends to fall, meaning there are fewer potential workers to support the elderly.
Marriage > Years being single before marriage > Men: Average age of men at their first marriage.
Age distribution > Child dependency ratio: Percentage of dependant children out of total population aged 15 and older. A dependant child is a child aged 0-14.
Gender > Women aged 15-49: Country's total population of women aged 15-49. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Percentage living in urban areas: Percentage of people living in urban areas. Data for 2003. Urban-rural classification of population in internationally published statistics follows the national census definition, which differs from one country or area to another. National definitions are usually based on criteria that may include any of the following: size of population in a locality, population density, distance between built-up areas, predominant type of economic activity, legal or administrative boundaries and urban characteristics such as specific services and facilities.
Migration > Net migration: Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates. To derive estimates of net migration, the United Nations Population Division takes into account the past migration history of a country or area, the migration policy of a country, and the influx of refugees in recent periods. The data to calculate these official estimates come from a variety of sources, including border statistics, administrative records, surveys, and censuses. When no official estimates can be made because of insufficient data, net migration is derived through the balance equation, which is the difference between overall population growth and the natural increase during the 1990-2000 intercensal period."
Population > CIA Factbook: This entry gives an estimate from the US Bureau of the Census based on statistics from population censuses, vital statistics registration systems, or sample surveys pertaining to the recent past and on assumptions about future trends. The total population presents one overall measure of the potential impact of the country on the world and within its region. Note: starting with the 1993 Factbook, demographic estimates for some countries (mostly African) have explicitly taken into account the effects of the growing impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. These countries are currently: The Bahamas, Benin, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Teenage pregancy rate: Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19."
Population density: Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes."
Sex ratio > Under 15 years: The number of males for each female one of five age groups - at birth, under 15 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over, and for the total population. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons. This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners.
Percentage living in rural areas.: Percentage of people living in rural areas. Data for 2003. Urban-rural classification of population in internationally published statistics follows the national census definition, which differs from one country or area to another. National definitions are usually based on criteria that may include any of the following: size of population in a locality, population density, distance between built-up areas, predominant type of economic activity, legal or administrative boundaries and urban characteristics such as specific services and facilities.
Infant mortality rate > Total: This entry is derived from People > Infant mortality rate, which gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Patriotism: Patriotism Score of countries according to surveys by World Values Survey. The score was determined by asking thousands of respondents the question "How proud are you to be [insert nationality]?", ranging from not proud (1) to very proud (4). The average number of respondents per country was 1264.
Age structure > 25-54 years: This entry is derived from People > Age structure, which provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group as follows: 0-14 years (children), 15-24 years (early working age), 25-54 years (prime working age), 55-64 years (mature working age), 65 years and over (elderly). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Urban and rural > Rural population: Total population living in rural areas by country.
Gender > Global Gender Gap Index: The Gender Gap Index considers gender inequality in the dimensions of economic participation (equality of salaries, labor market participation and access to high-skilled employment); access to education; political participation; and health (life expectancy and sex ratio). The highest score of 1 means total equality, 0 means complete inequality. The Index is calculated by the World Economic Forum.
Age structure > 15-24 years: This entry is derived from People > Age structure, which provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group as follows: 0-14 years (children), 15-24 years (early working age), 25-54 years (prime working age), 55-64 years (mature working age), 65 years and over (elderly). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Gender > Gender inequality index: Gender Inequality Index.
Urban and rural > Urban population per thousand people: Total population living in urban areas by country. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Rural population: Rural population is calculated as the difference between the total population and the urban population.
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of origin: Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organisation of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of origin generally refers to the nationality or country of citizenship of a claimant."
Migration > Foreign worker salaries: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. Remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers resident in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status, to recipients in their country of origin. Migrants' transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Fertility > Fertility rate, total > Births per woman: Fertility rate, total (births per woman). Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates.
Age structure > 55-64 years: This entry is derived from People > Age structure, which provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group as follows: 0-14 years (children), 15-24 years (early working age), 25-54 years (prime working age), 55-64 years (mature working age), 65 years and over (elderly). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Marriage > Minimum legal age > Without parental consent > For Women: Minimum legal age at which women can be married without parental consent.
Gender > Female population per thousand people: Total female population. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Future population > Males: UN estimates of male population in 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Total: This entry is derived from People > School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary , which school life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
Fertility > Birth rate, crude > Per 1,000 people: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people). Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.
Sex ratio > 15-64 years: The number of males for each female one of five age groups - at birth, under 15 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over, and for the total population. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons. This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners.
Child labor > Children ages 5-14 per million people: This entry provides the mean (average) age of mothers at the birth of their first child. It is a useful indicator for gauging the success of family planning programs aiming to reduce maternal mortality, increase contraceptive use – particularly among married and unmarried adolescents, delay age at first marriage, and improve the health of newborns. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Dependency ratios > Total dependency ratio: This entry is derived from People > Dependency ratios, which dependency ratios are a measure of the age structure of a population. They relate the number of individuals that are likely to be economically "dependent" on the support of others. Dependency ratios contrast the ratio of youths (ages 0-14) and the elderly (ages 65+) to the number of those in the working-age group (ages 15-64). Changes in the dependency ratio provide an indication of potential social support requirements resulting from changes in population age structures. As fertility levels decline, the dependency ratio initially falls because the proportion of youths decreases while the proportion of the population of working age increases. As fertility levels continue to decline, dependency ratios eventually increase because the proportion of the population of working age starts to decline and the proportion of elderly persons continues to increase.
total dependency ratio - The total dependency ratio is the ratio of combined youth population (ages 0-14) and elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high total dependency ratio indicates that the working-age population and the overall economy face a greater burden to support and provide social services for youth and elderly persons, who are often economically dependent.
youth dependency ratio - The youth dependency ratio is the ratio of the youth population (ages 0-14) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high youth dependency ratio indicates that a greater investment needs to be made in schooling and other services for children.
elderly dependency ratio - The elderly dependency ratio is the ratio of the elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). Increases in the elderly dependency ratio put added pressure on governments to fund pensions and healthcare.
potential support ratio - The potential support ratio is the number of working-age people (ages 15-64) per one elderly person (ages 65+). As a population ages, the potential support ratio tends to fall, meaning there are fewer potential workers to support the elderly.
Population density > People per sq. km of land area: Population density (people per sq. km of land area). Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-64 > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 15-64. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Drinking water source > Improved > Total: This entry is derived from People > Drinking water source > Improved, which provides information about access to improved or unimproved drinking water sources available to segments of the population of a country.improved drinking water - use of any of the following sources: piped water into dwelling, yard, or plot; public tap or standpipe; tubewell or borehole; protected dug well; protected spring; or rainwater collection. unimproved drinking water - use of any of the following sources: unprotected dug well; unprotected spring; cart with small tank or drum; tanker truck; surface water, which includes rivers, dams, lakes, ponds, streams, canals or irrigation channels; or bottled water.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 15-24. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Marriage > Percent married > All > Female > Aged 15-19: Percent of people aged 15-19 years who are or have been married or in a marriage-like union recognized by the law or customs of their country.
Life expectancy at birth > Female: This entry is derived from People > Life expectancy at birth, which contains the average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Hospital bed density: This entry provides the number of hospital beds per 1,000 people; it serves as a general measure of inpatient service availability. Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases, beds for both acute and chronic care are included. Because the level of inpatient services required for individual countries depends on several factors - such as demographic issues and the burden of disease - there is no global target for the number of hospital beds per country. So, while 2 beds per 1,000 in one country may be sufficient, 2 beds per 1,000 in another may be woefully inadequate because of the number of people hospitalized by disease.
Dependency ratios > Potential support ratio: This entry is derived from People > Dependency ratios, which dependency ratios are a measure of the age structure of a population. They relate the number of individuals that are likely to be economically "dependent" on the support of others. Dependency ratios contrast the ratio of youths (ages 0-14) and the elderly (ages 65+) to the number of those in the working-age group (ages 15-64). Changes in the dependency ratio provide an indication of potential social support requirements resulting from changes in population age structures. As fertility levels decline, the dependency ratio initially falls because the proportion of youths decreases while the proportion of the population of working age increases. As fertility levels continue to decline, dependency ratios eventually increase because the proportion of the population of working age starts to decline and the proportion of elderly persons continues to increase.
total dependency ratio - The total dependency ratio is the ratio of combined youth population (ages 0-14) and elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high total dependency ratio indicates that the working-age population and the overall economy face a greater burden to support and provide social services for youth and elderly persons, who are often economically dependent.
youth dependency ratio - The youth dependency ratio is the ratio of the youth population (ages 0-14) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high youth dependency ratio indicates that a greater investment needs to be made in schooling and other services for children.
elderly dependency ratio - The elderly dependency ratio is the ratio of the elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). Increases in the elderly dependency ratio put added pressure on governments to fund pensions and healthcare.
potential support ratio - The potential support ratio is the number of working-age people (ages 15-64) per one elderly person (ages 65+). As a population ages, the potential support ratio tends to fall, meaning there are fewer potential workers to support the elderly.
Urban and rural > Rural population per thousand people: Total population living in rural areas by country. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriageable age > Females: Female consent.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Urbanization: Estimates and projections of urban and rural populations are made by the Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat and published every two years. These estimates and projections are based on national census or survey data that have been evaluated and, whenever necessary, adjusted for deficiencies and inconsistencies. Urban-rural classification of population in internationally published statistics follows the national census definition, which differs from one country or area to another. National definitions are usually based on criteria that may include any of the following: size of population in a locality, population density, distance between built-up areas, predominant type of economic activity, legal or administrative boundaries and urban characteristics such as specific services and facilities.
Dependency ratios > Elderly dependency ratio: This entry is derived from People > Dependency ratios, which dependency ratios are a measure of the age structure of a population. They relate the number of individuals that are likely to be economically "dependent" on the support of others. Dependency ratios contrast the ratio of youths (ages 0-14) and the elderly (ages 65+) to the number of those in the working-age group (ages 15-64). Changes in the dependency ratio provide an indication of potential social support requirements resulting from changes in population age structures. As fertility levels decline, the dependency ratio initially falls because the proportion of youths decreases while the proportion of the population of working age increases. As fertility levels continue to decline, dependency ratios eventually increase because the proportion of the population of working age starts to decline and the proportion of elderly persons continues to increase.
total dependency ratio - The total dependency ratio is the ratio of combined youth population (ages 0-14) and elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high total dependency ratio indicates that the working-age population and the overall economy face a greater burden to support and provide social services for youth and elderly persons, who are often economically dependent.
youth dependency ratio - The youth dependency ratio is the ratio of the youth population (ages 0-14) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high youth dependency ratio indicates that a greater investment needs to be made in schooling and other services for children.
elderly dependency ratio - The elderly dependency ratio is the ratio of the elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). Increases in the elderly dependency ratio put added pressure on governments to fund pensions and healthcare.
potential support ratio - The potential support ratio is the number of working-age people (ages 15-64) per one elderly person (ages 65+). As a population ages, the potential support ratio tends to fall, meaning there are fewer potential workers to support the elderly.
Sex ratio > 65 years and over: The number of males for each female one of five age groups - at birth, under 15 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over, and for the total population. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons. This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners.
Fertility > Mortality rate, infant > Per 1,000 live births: Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births). Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year.
Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 60 and older. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of asylum: Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organisation of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of asylum is the country where an asylum claim was filed and granted."
Age distribution > Population aged 0-14 > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 0-14. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Population in largest city: Population in largest city is the urban population living in the countryÂ’s largest metropolitan area.
Population, total: Population, total. Population, total refers to the total population.
Gender ratio > Whole population: Female/male ratio of population.
Literacy > Female: This entry is derived from People > Literacy, which includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of the Factbook. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons. Low levels of literacy, and education in general, can impede the economic development of a country in the current rapidly changing, technology-driven world.
Urban and rural > Females living in cities proper: Total number of females living in cities proper. The UN definition for city proper varies for each country but usually refers to a locality with legal boundaries, some form of local government and does not include its outlying suburbs and districts. Numbers only include cities proper with a population over 100,000.
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of asylum > Per capita: Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organisation of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of asylum is the country where an asylum claim was filed and granted." Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Life expectancy at birth > Male: This entry is derived from People > Life expectancy at birth, which contains the average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Net migration: Net migration. Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates.
Marriage > Percent married > All > Male > Aged 15-19: Percent ever married or in union among persons aged 15-19.
Maternal mortality rate: The maternal mortality rate (MMR) is the annual number of female deaths per 100,000 live births from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management (excluding accidental or incidental causes). The MMR includes deaths during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, for a specified year.
Urban and rural > Males living in cities proper: Total number of males living in cities proper. The UN definition for city proper varies for each country but usually refers to a locality with legal boundaries, some form of local government and does not include its outlying suburbs and districts. Numbers only include cities proper with a population over 100,000.
Urban and rural > Female rural population: Total number of females living in rural areas by country.
Population > CIA Factbook per capita: This entry gives an estimate from the US Bureau of the Census based on statistics from population censuses, vital statistics registration systems, or sample surveys pertaining to the recent past and on assumptions about future trends. The total population presents one overall measure of the potential impact of the country on the world and within its region. Note: starting with the 1993 Factbook, demographic estimates for some countries (mostly African) have explicitly taken into account the effects of the growing impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. These countries are currently: The Bahamas, Benin, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Immigration > Cultural Diversity Index: The probability that two individuals selected at random from a country speak a very different language. A high score of close to 1 indicates that many unrelated languages are spoken. A score of close to 0 means that few languages are spoken, and / or that the spoken languages are similar to one another. For more information, please refer to Fearon (see citation).
Fertility > Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19: Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19). Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
Languages: This entry provides a rank ordering of languages starting with the largest and sometimes includes the percent of total population speaking that language.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 0-4. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-59 > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 15-59. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Rural population per 1000: Rural population is calculated as the difference between the total population and the urban population. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Future population > Females: UN estimates of female population in 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030.
Fertility > Number of maternal deaths: Number of maternal deaths. Maternal mortality deaths is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth.
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 > Total: This entry is derived from People > Unemployment, youth ages 15-24, which gives the percent of the total labor force ages 15-24 unemployed during a specified year.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Total: School life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 80 years and older. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Marriage, divorce and children > Teen marriage rate > Women: Percentage of female population aged 15-19 who has been married at least once. Percentage is out of total number of females in the same age group.
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 > Female: This entry is derived from People > Unemployment, youth ages 15-24, which gives the percent of the total labor force ages 15-24 unemployed during a specified year.
Gender > Male population per thousand people: Total male population. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Immigration > Destination countries of nationalities and ethnic groups > Russians: Number of residents who are ethnic Russians and maintain a feeling of Russian national identity.
Literacy > Definition: This entry is derived from People > Literacy, which includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of the Factbook. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons. Low levels of literacy, and education in general, can impede the economic development of a country in the current rapidly changing, technology-driven world.
Marriage, divorce and children > Years spent single before marriage > Females: Singulate mean age at marriage.
Number of infant deaths: Number of infant deaths. Number of infants dying before reaching one year of age.
Number of under-five deaths: Number of under-five deaths. Number of children dying before reaching age five.
GDP per capita > Current US$: GDP per capita (current US$). GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Cities > Urban population per thousand people: Total population living in urban areas. The defition of an urban area differs for each country. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Density and urbanisation > Urban population: Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanisation Prospects.
Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Total per thousand people: Number of people 65 years old and older. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Immigration > Refugees and asylum seekers > Natives per Refugee: Natives per Refugee.
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Housing > Number of rooms > Houses with 9 rooms: Occupied housing units by type of housing unit, number of rooms and urban/rural location.
Infant mortality rate > Female: This entry is derived from People > Infant mortality rate, which gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Rights of the Child Convention > Signatories: Date of signing convention
Age structure > 15-64 years > From total: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Cities > Urban areas over 1,000,000: Urban areas with a population of over a million people.
Gender ratio > Babies: Female/male ratio at birth.
Urban population per 1000: Urban population is the midyear population of areas defined as urban in each country and reported to the United Nations. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Urban and rural > Female urban population: Total number of females living in urban areas by country.
Urban and rural > Male urban population: Total number of males living in urban areas by country.
Urban and rural > Male rural population: Total number of males living in rural areas by country.
Median age > Both sexes: Age of person who is older than half the population and younger than the other half of the population.
Age structure > 65 years and over > Males: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Age structure > 0-14 years > Males: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Housing > Owner occupier households: Number of households owned by one or several members of the household.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Total: School life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
Population in largest city > Per capita: Population in largest city is the urban population living in the countryÂ’s largest metropolitan area. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Infant mortality rate > Male: This entry is derived from People > Infant mortality rate, which gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Literacy > Male: This entry is derived from People > Literacy, which includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of the Factbook. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons. Low levels of literacy, and education in general, can impede the economic development of a country in the current rapidly changing, technology-driven world.
Cities > Urban areas over 2,000,000: Urban Areas Over 2,000,000.
Sanitation facility access > Improved > Total: This entry is derived from People > Sanitation facility access > Improved, which provides information about access to improved or unimproved sanitation facilities available to segments of the population of a country. improved sanitation - use of any of the following facilities: flush or pour-flush to a piped sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine; ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine; pit latrine with slab; or a composting toilet. unimproved sanitation - use of any of the following facilities: flush or pour-flush not piped to a sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine; pit latrine without a slab or open pit; bucket; hanging toilet or hanging latrine; shared facilities of any type; no facilities; or bush or field.
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 > Male: This entry is derived from People > Unemployment, youth ages 15-24, which gives the percent of the total labor force ages 15-24 unemployed during a specified year.
Number of infant deaths per 1000: Number of infant deaths. Number of infants dying before reaching one year of age. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Total Population per capita: Total Population, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Gender ratio > Urban population: Female/male ratio of urban population.
Age structure > 65 years and over > From total: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Age structure > 0-14 years > Males per 1000: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Charity > World Giving Index > Volunteered time: VT.
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Marriage, divorce and children > Marriageable age > Males: Male consent.
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Immigration > Nationality compositions of Canada, share of immigrants: Portion of immigrants in Canada.
Gender ratio > Aged over 60 > Women per 100 men: Female/male ratio at age x.
Gender ratio > Aged over 80 > Women per 100 men: Female/male ratio at age x.
Religions: This entry is an ordered listing of religions by adherents starting with the largest group and sometimes includes the percent of total population. The core characteristics and beliefs of the world's major religions are described below.
Baha'i - Founded by Mirza Husayn-Ali (known as Baha'u'llah) in Iran in 1852, Baha'i faith emphasizes monotheism and believes in one eternal transcendent God. Its guiding focus is to encourage the unity of all peoples on the earth so that justice and peace may be achieved on earth. Baha'i revelation contends the prophets of major world religions reflect some truth or element of the divine, believes all were manifestations of God given to specific communities in specific times, and that Baha'u'llah is an additional prophet meant to call all humankind. Bahais are an open community, located worldwide, with the greatest concentration of believers in South Asia.
Buddhism - Religion or philosophy inspired by the 5th century B.C. teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (also known as Gautama Buddha "the enlightened one"). Buddhism focuses on the goal of spiritual enlightenment centered on an understanding of Gautama Buddha's Four Noble Truths on the nature of suffering, and on the Eightfold Path of spiritual and moral practice, to break the cycle of suffering of which we are a part. Buddhism ascribes to a karmic system of rebirth. Several schools and sects of Buddhism exist, differing often on the nature of the Buddha, the extent to which enlightenment can be achieved - for one or for all, and by whom - religious orders or laity.
Basic Groupings
   Theravada Buddhism: The oldest Buddhist school, Theravada is practiced mostly in Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Laos, Burma, and Thailand, with minority representation elsewhere in Asia and the West. Theravadans follow the Pali Canon of Buddha's teachings, and believe that one may escape the cycle of rebirth, worldly attachment, and suffering for oneself; this process may take one or several lifetimes.
   Mahayana Buddhism, including subsets Zen and Tibetan (Lamaistic) Buddhism: Forms of Mahayana Buddhism are common in East Asia and Tibet, and parts of the West. Mahayanas have additional scriptures beyond the Pali Canon and believe the Buddha is eternal and still teaching. Unlike Theravada Buddhism, Mahayana schools maintain the Buddha-nature is present in all beings and all will ultimately achieve enlightenment.
    Hoa Hao: a minority tradition of Buddhism practiced in Vietnam that stresses lay participation, primarily by peasant farmers; it eschews ...
Full definition
Urban population > Per capita: Urban population is the midyear population of areas defined as urban in each country and reported to the United Nations. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Mortality rate, adult, male > Per 1,000 male adults: Mortality rate, adult, male (per 1,000 male adults). Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages.
Immigration > Ethnic Fractionalization Index: The probability that two individuals selected at random from a country will be from different ethnic groups, 0 meaning that each individual in this country is from the same ethnic group. For a discussion of what constitutes an ethnic group, please refer to Fearon (see citation).
Immigration > Visa overstay rate > Australia: Modified Non-Return Rate.
Population in urban agglomerations > More than 1 million: Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2000 had a population of more than one million people.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Male: School life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
Median age > Male: This entry is the age that divides a population into two numerically equal groups; that is, half the people are younger than this age and half are older. It is a single index that summarizes the age distribution of a population. Currently, the median age ranges from a low of about 15 in Uganda and Gaza Strip to 40 or more in several European countries and Japan. See the entry for "Age structure" for the importance of a young versus an older age structure and, by implication, a low versus a higher median age.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Female: This entry is derived from People > School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary , which school life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
Marriage, divorce and children > Teen marriage rate > Men: Percentage of male population aged 15-19 who has been married at least once. Percentage is out of total number of males in the same age group.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Female: School life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
Density and urbanisation > Rural population: Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.
Urban and rural population > Urban gender ratio: Women per 100 men amongst urban population.
Urban and rural population > Rural gender ratio: Women per 100 men, rural population.
Age structure > 15-64 years > Females per 1000: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Age structure > 65 years and over > Females per 1000: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Age structure > 65 years and over > Females: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Age structure > 0-14 years > From total: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Charity > World Giving Index > Donated money, percent: DM.
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Housing > Number of rooms > Houses with 1 room: Occupied housing units by type of housing unit, number of rooms and urban/rural location.
Female population > Age 15-19: Female population - Age 15-19, as of April 26, 2005
Median age > Female: This entry is derived from People > Median age, which is the age that divides a population into two numerically equal groups; that is, half the people are younger than this age and half are older. It is a single index that summarizes the age distribution of a population. Currently, the median age ranges from a low of about 15 in Uganda and Gaza Strip to 40 or more in several European countries and Japan. See the entry for "Age structure" for the importance of a young versus an older age structure and, by implication, a low versus a higher median age.
Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita > Cubic meters: Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters). Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country. Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita are calculated using the World Bank's population estimates.
Cities > Rate of urbanization: Urbanization rate.
Sanitation facility access > Improved > Urban: This entry is derived from People > Sanitation facility access > Improved, which provides information about access to improved or unimproved sanitation facilities available to segments of the population of a country. improved sanitation - use of any of the following facilities: flush or pour-flush to a piped sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine; ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine; pit latrine with slab; or a composting toilet. unimproved sanitation - use of any of the following facilities: flush or pour-flush not piped to a sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine; pit latrine without a slab or open pit; bucket; hanging toilet or hanging latrine; shared facilities of any type; no facilities; or bush or field.
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of origin > Per capita: Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organisation of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of origin generally refers to the nationality or country of citizenship of a claimant." Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
Gender > Women aged 15-49 per thousand people: Country's total population of women aged 15-49. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Fertility > Mortality rate, under-5, male > Per 1,000 live births: Mortality rate, under-5, male (per 1,000 live births). Mortality rate, under-5, male (per 1,000)
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriageable age > Notes: Notes.
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Future population > Males per thousand people: UN estimates of male population in 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Immigration > Visas > Visa requirements for > British citizens: Visa requirement.
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International migrant stock, total per 1000: International migrant stock, total. International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
International migrant stock, total: International migrant stock, total. International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.
Women > Maternal mortality ratio adjusted: People - Women - Maternal mortality ratio 2000 adjusted
Immigration > Destination countries of nationalities and ethnic groups > Jews > Enlarged Jewish population:
Jewish population by country. The enlarged Jewish community includes Jews, non-Jews with Jewish ancestry and non-Jewish members of Jewish households.
Fertility > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in: rate varies by country: Lifetime risk of maternal death (1 in: rate varies by country). Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death.
Immigration > Ethnic Fractionalization Index per million people: The probability that two individuals selected at random from a country will be from different ethnic groups, 0 meaning that each individual in this country is from the same ethnic group. For a discussion of what constitutes an ethnic group, please refer to Fearon (see citation). Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Immigration > Nationality compositions of > Norway: Country of origin of Norway’s population who was either foreign born or born in Norway to foreign residents (number of people by country of origin).
Fertility > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given: Maternity leave benefits.
Widows > Proportion of age group > All > Men > Aged 30 to 39: Percent widowed in age group.
Age structure > 0-14 years > Females: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Age structure > 65 years and over > Males per 1000: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Immigration > Nationality compositions of > Canada: Country of birth of Canadian residents (number of residents).
Charity > World Giving Index > Helped a stranger, percent: HS.
Total Population > Female: Total Population - Female, as of April 26, 2005
Migration > International migrant stock > Total: International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data."
Marriage, divorce and children > Years spent single before marriage > Males: Singulate mean age at marriage.
Women > Maternal mortality ratio > Reported: People - Women - Maternal mortality ratio 1985 - 2002 reported
Future population > Females per thousand people: UN estimates of female population in 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Gender > Gender ratio aged over 80: Amount of women per every 100 males that are over the age of 80 in each country. For instance, in North Korea, for every 100 males over 80, there are 411.8 females who are over 80.
Gender > Gender ratio aged over 65: Amount of women per every 100 males that are over the age of 65 in each country. For instance, in Russia, for every 100 males over 65, there are 210.6 females who are over 65.
Gender ratio > Aged over 60: Female/male ratio at age x.
Female population > Age 25-29: Female population - Age 25-29, as of April 26, 2005
Female population > Age 15-19 per 1000: Female population - Age 15-19, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Male population > Age 15-19 per 1000: Male population - Age 15-19, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Total population > Age 10-14 per 1000: Total population - Age 10-14, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Male population > Age 25-29: Male population - Age 25-29, as of April 26, 2005
Female population > Age 30-34 per 1000: Female population - Age 30-34, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Total population > Age 15-19 per 1000: Total population - Age 15-19, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Female population > Age 10-14 per 1000: Female population - Age 10-14, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Gender > Gender ratio aged over 60: Amount of women per every 100 males that are over the age of 60 in each country. For instance, in Russia, for every 100 males over 60, there are 196 females who are over 60.
Density and urbanisation > Urban population > % of total: Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanisation Prospects.
Density and urbanisation > Urban population growth > Annual %: Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanisation Prospects.
Structure > Population ages 65 and above > % of total: Population ages 65 and above as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population.
Structure > Population > Female > % of total: Female population is the percentage of the population that is female. Population is based on the de facto definition of population.
Widows > Proportion of age group > Urban > Women > Aged 40 to 59: Percent of population that is widowed by age group, gender and urban / rural status.
Density and urbanisation > Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million > % of total population: Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the percentage of a country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2000 had a population of more than one million people.
Total population > Age 60-64 > % of the total: Total population - Age 60-64 - % of the total, as of April 26, 2005
Male population > Age 60-64 per 1000: Male population - Age 60-64, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Age structure > 0-14 years > Females per 1000: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Women > Contraceptive prevalence %: People - Women - Contraceptive prevalence (%) 1995-2002
Total population > Age 55-59: Total population - Age 55-59, as of April 26, 2005
Total population > Age 35-39: Total population - Age 35-39, as of April 26, 2005
Male population > Age 25-29 > % of the total: Male population - Age 25-29 - % of the total, as of April 26, 2005
Total population > Age 35-39 > % of the total: Total population - Age 35-39 - % of the total, as of April 26, 2005
Total population > Age 75-79 > % of the total: Total population - Age 75-79 - % of the total, as of April 26, 2005
Women > Antenatal care coverage %: People - Women - Antenatal care coverage (%) 1995-2002
Male population > Age 40-44: Male population - Age 40-44, as of April 26, 2005
Total population > Age 70-74 > % of the total: Total population - Age 70-74 - % of the total, as of April 26, 2005
Total population > Age 65-69 > % of the total: Total population - Age 65-69 - % of the total, as of April 26, 2005
HIV/AIDS > Deaths: This entry gives an estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year.
Male population > Age 20-24 per 1000: Male population - Age 20-24, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures > % of population, average 1990-2009: Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009). Droughts, floods and extreme temperatures is the annual average percentage of the population that is affected by natural disasters classified as either droughts, floods, or extreme temperature events. A drought is an extended period of time characterized by a deficiency in a region's water supply that is the result of constantly below average precipitation. A drought can lead to losses to agriculture, affect inland navigation and hydropower plants, and cause a lack of drinking water and famine. A flood is a significant rise of water level in a stream, lake, reservoir or coastal region. Extreme temperature events are either cold waves or heat waves. A cold wave can be both a prolonged period of excessively cold weather and the sudden invasion of very cold air over a large area. Along with frost it can cause damage to agriculture, infrastructure, and property. A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot and sometimes also humid weather relative to normal climate patterns of a certain region. Population affected is the number of people injured, left homeless or requiring immediate assistance during a period of emergency resulting from a natural disaster; it can also include displaced or evacuated people. Average percentage of population affected is calculated by dividing the sum of total affected for the period stated by the sum of the annual population figures for the period stated.
Urban and rural > Female urban population per thousand people: Total number of females living in urban areas by country. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Population growth > Annual %: Annual population growth rate. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of the country of origin.
Labor participation rate, male > % of male population ages 15+: Labor participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+). Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Housing > Rural owner occupier households per thousand people: Number of rural households owned by one or several members of the household. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Total population > Age 15-19: Total population - Age 15-19, as of April 26, 2005
Total population > Age 15-19 > % of the total: Total population - Age 15-19 - % of the total, as of April 26, 2005
Total population: Total Population, as of April 26, 2005
Population ages 0-14 > % of total: Population ages 0 to 14 is the percentage of the total population that is in the age group 0 to 14.
Urban population growth > Annual %: Urban population is the midyear population of areas defined as urban in each country and reported to the United Nations.
Female population > Age 50-54: Female population - Age 50-54, as of April 26, 2005
Female population > Age 50-54 > % of the total: Female population - Age 50-54 - % of the total, as of April 26, 2005
Male population > Age 60-64 > % of the total: Male population - Age 60-64 - % of the total, as of April 26, 2005
Male population > Age 80-84 per 1000: Male population - Age 80-84, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Density and urbanisation > Population in the largest city > % of urban population: Population in largest city is the percentage of a country's urban population living in that country's largest metropolitan area.
GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$: GDP per capita (constant 2000 US$). GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
Primary completion rate, female > % of relevant age group: Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group). Primary completion rate. Female is the total number of new female entrants in the last grade of primary education, regardless of age, expressed as percentage of the total female population of the theoretical entrance age to the last grade of primary. This indicator is also known as "gross intake rate to the last grade of primary." The ratio can exceed 100% due to over-aged and under-aged children who enter primary school late/early and/or repeat grades.
Primary completion rate, male > % of relevant age group: Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group). Primary completion rate. Male is the total number of new male entrants in the last grade of primary education, regardless of age, expressed as percentage of the total male population of the theoretical entrance age to the last grade of primary. This indicator is also known as "gross intake rate to the last grade of primary." The ratio can exceed 100% due to over-aged and under-aged children who enter primary school late/early and/or repeat grades.
Labor participation rate, female > % of female population ages 15+: Labor participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+). Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Labor force, female > % of total labor force: Labor force, female (% of total labor force). Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organization's definition of the economically active population.
Male population > Age 30-34 per 1000: Male population - Age 30-34, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Female population > Age 45-49 > % of the total: Female population - Age 45-49 - % of the total, as of April 26, 2005
Male population > Age 55-59: Male population - Age 55-59, as of April 26, 2005
Population ages 65 and above > % of total: Population ages 65 and above is the percentage of the total population that is 65 or older.
Net migration per million: Net migration. Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Female: School life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
GNI per capita growth > Annual %: GNI per capita growth (annual %). Annual percentage growth rate of GNI per capita based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2005 U.S. dollars. GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.

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STAT	Finland	South Africa
Age distribution > Median age	47.38 years Ranked 66th. 12% more than South Africa	42.4 years Ranked 141st.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-14	15.22% Ranked 116th.	16.73% Ranked 60th. 10% more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 0-14 > Total	877,183 Ranked 121st.	10.73 million Ranked 40th. 12 times more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Percent	10.52% Ranked 123th.	11.71% Ranked 62nd. 11% more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Total	606,369 Ranked 121st.	7.51 million Ranked 40th. 12 times more than Finland
Age distribution > Total dependency ratio	83.07% Ranked 50th. 34% more than South Africa	62.17% Ranked 140th.
Birth rate	10.36 births/1,000 population Ranked 185th.	19.14 births/1,000 population Ranked 94th. 85% more than Finland
Death rate	10.42 deaths/1,000 population Ranked 44th.	17.36 deaths/1,000 population Ranked 1st. 67% more than Finland
Ethnic groups	Finn 93.4%, Swede 5.6%, Russian 0.5%, Estonian 0.3%, Roma (Gypsy) 0.1%, Sami 0.1%	black African 79%, white 9.6%, colored 8.9%, Indian/Asian 2.5%
Gender > Female population	2.91 million Ranked 120th.	32.74 million Ranked 35th. 11 times more than Finland
Mother's mean age at first birth	27.9 Ranked 3rd. 24% more than South Africa	22.5 Ranked 2nd.
Population	5.27 million Ranked 116th.	48.6 million Ranked 26th. 9 times more than Finland
Population > Population growth, past and future	-0.057 Ranked 86th.	-0.2 Ranked 128th. 4 times more than Finland
Population growth	-0.057% Ranked 86th.	-0.2% Ranked 128th. 4 times more than Finland
Population growth rate	0.06% Ranked 186th.	-0.45% Ranked 220th.
Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Percent	35.7% Ranked 62nd. 29% more than South Africa	27.74% Ranked 139th.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-64 > Total	3.15 million Ranked 120th.	39.55 million Ranked 36th. 13 times more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Total	288,070 Ranked 120th.	3.51 million Ranked 40th. 12 times more than Finland
Obesity > Adult obesity rate	23% Ranked 75th.	31.3% Ranked 22nd. 36% more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 15-59	49.07% Ranked 144th.	55.53% Ranked 57th. 13% more than Finland
Population in 2015	5,359 thousand Ranked 114th.	47,902 thousand Ranked 27th. 9 times more than Finland
Urban and rural > Population living in cities proper	1.81 million Ranked 29th.	9.47 million Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than Finland
Death rate, crude > Per 1,000 people	9.4 Ranked 60th.	13.55 Ranked 20th. 44% more than Finland
Total fertility rate	1.73 children born/woman Ranked 164th.	2.25 children born/woman Ranked 97th. 30% more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Percent	30.15% Ranked 58th. 40% more than South Africa	21.61% Ranked 139th.
Age dependency ratio > Dependents to working-age population	0.5 Ranked 127th.	0.58 Ranked 85th. 16% more than Finland
Age structure > 0-14 years	15.8% Ranked 191st.	28.3% Ranked 92nd. 79% more than Finland
Gender > Male population	2.85 million Ranked 118th.	31.4 million Ranked 35th. 11 times more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Total	2.06 million Ranked 119th.	17.79 million Ranked 34th. 9 times more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 15-64	54.62% Ranked 147th.	61.66% Ranked 57th. 13% more than Finland
Age structure > 65 years and over	19.2% Ranked 7th. 3 times more than South Africa	6.1% Ranked 122nd.
Nationality > Noun	Finn(s)	South African(s)
Age distribution > Elderly dependency ratio	55.2% Ranked 56th. 57% more than South Africa	35.05% Ranked 139th.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Percent	5% Ranked 117th.	5.47% Ranked 64th. 9% more than Finland
Physicians density	2.74 physicians/1,000 population Ranked 18th. 4 times more than South Africa	0.76 physicians/1,000 population Ranked 21st.
Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Total	1.74 million Ranked 116th.	13.86 million Ranked 35th. 8 times more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 15-59 > Total	2.83 million Ranked 121st.	35.61 million Ranked 36th. 13 times more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Total	798,637 Ranked 108th.	4.32 million Ranked 39th. 5 times more than Finland
Cities > Urban population	64,963 Ranked 132nd.	73,542 Ranked 101st. 13% more than Finland
Abortion > Abortion rate	11.1 abortions per 1,000 women Ranked 17th. 2 times more than South Africa	4.5 abortions per 1,000 women Ranked 2nd.
Nationality > Adjective	Finnish	South African
Sex ratio > Total population	0.96 male(s)/female Ranked 166th.	0.99 male(s)/female Ranked 96th. 3% more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 5-14 > Percent	10.22% Ranked 116th.	11.26% Ranked 60th. 10% more than Finland
Sex ratio > At birth	1.04 male(s)/female Ranked 165th. 2% more than South Africa	1.02 male(s)/female Ranked 214th.
Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Percent	13.86% Ranked 51st. 2 times more than South Africa	6.73% Ranked 139th.
Gender > Sex ratio at birth	1.04 Ranked 140th. 1% more than South Africa	1.03 Ranked 168th.
Age distribution > Population aged 5-14 > Total	589,113 Ranked 121st.	7.22 million Ranked 40th. 12 times more than Finland
Migration > Net migration rate	0.73 migrant(s)/1,000 populati Ranked 61st.	4.98 migrant(s)/1,000 populati Ranked 23th. 7 times more than Finland
Child labor > Children ages 5-14	27.9 Ranked 3rd. 24% more than South Africa	22.5 Ranked 2nd.
Future population change	-3,277.8 Ranked 102nd.	-129,024.8 Ranked 176th. 39 times more than Finland
Urban population	3.21 million Ranked 98th.	27.8 million Ranked 25th. 9 times more than Finland
Urbanization in 2015	59% Ranked 92nd.	67.2% Ranked 71st. 14% more than Finland
Migration > Net migration > Per capita	6,350.81 per 1 million people Ranked 64th.	14,929.15 per 1 million people Ranked 43th. 2 times more than Finland
Median age > Total	43 years Ranked 13th. 69% more than South Africa	25.5 years Ranked 142nd.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population	79.55 years Ranked 40th. 61% more than South Africa	49.48 years Ranked 220th.
Urban and rural > Urban population	3.67 million Ranked 45th.	32.56 million Ranked 10th. 9 times more than Finland
Projected population growth	-7.83% Ranked 118th.	-25.35% Ranked 138th. 3 times more than Finland
Marriage > Years being single before marriage > Women	30.2 Ranked 6th.	30.6 Ranked 8th. 1% more than Finland
Age structure > 15-64 years	65.6% Ranked 121st.	65.7% Ranked 116th. About the same as Finland
Literacy > Total population	100% Ranked 6th. 8% more than South Africa	93% Ranked 121st.
Dependency ratios > Youth dependency ratio	25.5% Ranked 156th.	45.4% Ranked 81st. 78% more than Finland
Marriage > Years being single before marriage > Men	31.9 Ranked 7th.	33 Ranked 6th. 3% more than Finland
Age distribution > Child dependency ratio	27.87% Ranked 65th. 3% more than South Africa	27.12% Ranked 104th.
Gender > Women aged 15-49	1.06 million Ranked 121st.	13.52 million Ranked 39th. 13 times more than Finland
Percentage living in urban areas	61% Ranked 91st. 7% more than South Africa	57% Ranked 100th.
Migration > Net migration	33,317 Ranked 50th.	700,001 Ranked 11th. 21 times more than Finland
Population > CIA Factbook	5.24 million Ranked 113th.	48.78 million Ranked 24th. 9 times more than Finland
Teenage pregancy rate	11.17 Ranked 159th.	58.36 Ranked 66th. 5 times more than Finland
Population density	17.47 Ranked 163th.	40.18 Ranked 137th. 2 times more than Finland
Sex ratio > Under 15 years	1.03 male(s)/female Ranked 168th. 2% more than South Africa	1.01 male(s)/female Ranked 191st.
Percentage living in rural areas.	39% Ranked 113th.	43% Ranked 96th. 10% more than Finland
Infant mortality rate > Total	3.38 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 211th.	42.15 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 52nd. 12 times more than Finland
Patriotism	3.17 Ranked 10th.	3.72 Ranked 2nd. 17% more than Finland
Age structure > 25-54 years	38.3% Ranked 141st. 1% more than South Africa	38.1% Ranked 143th.
Urban and rural > Rural population	1.69 million Ranked 50th.	19.21 million Ranked 12th. 11 times more than Finland
Gender > Global Gender Gap Index	0.842 Ranked 2nd. 12% more than South Africa	0.751 Ranked 17th.
Age structure > 15-24 years	12.3% Ranked 190th.	20.6% Ranked 37th. 67% more than Finland
Gender > Gender inequality index	0.075 Ranked 140th.	0.462 Ranked 57th. 6 times more than Finland
Urban and rural > Urban population per thousand people	680.54 Ranked 28th. 6% more than South Africa	643.63 Ranked 35th.
Rural population	2.04 million Ranked 107th.	19.08 million Ranked 28th. 9 times more than Finland
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of origin	6 Ranked 168th.	384 Ranked 106th. 64 times more than Finland
Migration > Foreign worker salaries	453.71 million Ranked 46th.	1.16 billion Ranked 36th. 3 times more than Finland
Fertility > Fertility rate, total > Births per woman	1.83 Ranked 141st.	2.44 Ranked 93th. 33% more than Finland
Age structure > 55-64 years	14.4% Ranked 7th. 2 times more than South Africa	6.9% Ranked 122nd.
Marriage > Minimum legal age > Without parental consent > For Women	18 Ranked 107th.	21 Ranked 8th. 17% more than Finland
Gender > Female population per thousand people	509.72 Ranked 50th.	530.08 Ranked 7th. 4% more than Finland
Future population > Males	2.69 million Ranked 117th.	26.71 million Ranked 31st. 10 times more than Finland
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Total	17 years Ranked 13th. 31% more than South Africa	13 years Ranked 83th.
Fertility > Birth rate, crude > Per 1,000 people	11.1 Ranked 163th.	21.32 Ranked 86th. 92% more than Finland
Sex ratio > 15-64 years	1.02 Ranked 73th. The same as South Africa	1.02 Ranked 64th.
Child labor > Children ages 5-14 per million people	5.32 Ranked 2nd. 11 times more than South Africa	0.488 Ranked 2nd.
Dependency ratios > Total dependency ratio	55% Ranked 87th. 2% more than South Africa	53.9% Ranked 93th.
Population density > People per sq. km of land area	17.73 sq. km Ranked 179th.	41.7 sq. km Ranked 152nd. 2 times more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 15-64 > Total per thousand people	664.14 Ranked 77th.	669.65 Ranked 67th. 1% more than Finland
Drinking water source > Improved > Total	100% of population Ranked 41st. 10% more than South Africa	91% of population Ranked 76th.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Total per thousand people	123.02 Ranked 173th.	205.03 Ranked 41st. 67% more than Finland
Marriage > Percent married > All > Female > Aged 15-19	0.5% Ranked 15th.	4.5% Ranked 32nd. 9 times more than Finland
Life expectancy at birth > Female	83.15 years Ranked 26th. 71% more than South Africa	48.51 years Ranked 221st.
Hospital bed density	5.9 beds/1,000 population Ranked 14th. 2 times more than South Africa	2.8 beds/1,000 population Ranked 3rd.
Dependency ratios > Potential support ratio	3.4 Ranked 191st.	11.7 Ranked 96th. 3 times more than Finland
Urban and rural > Rural population per thousand people	314.23 Ranked 45th.	379.77 Ranked 34th. 21% more than Finland
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriageable age > Females	18 Ranked 45th. 20% more than South Africa	15 Ranked 16th.
Urbanization	59 Ranked 95th. 2% more than South Africa	58 Ranked 98th.
Dependency ratios > Elderly dependency ratio	29.5% Ranked 6th. 3 times more than South Africa	8.5% Ranked 100th.
Sex ratio > 65 years and over	0.71 male(s)/female Ranked 172nd. 6% more than South Africa	0.67 male(s)/female Ranked 186th.
Fertility > Mortality rate, infant > Per 1,000 live births	2.4 Ranked 186th.	33.3 Ranked 61st. 14 times more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Total per thousand people	248.25 Ranked 8th. 3 times more than South Africa	83.68 Ranked 96th.
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of asylum	7,447 Ranked 66th.	47,974 Ranked 35th. 6 times more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 0-14 > Total per thousand people	165.2 Ranked 160th.	305.8 Ranked 78th. 85% more than Finland
Population in largest city	1.09 million Ranked 102nd.	3.25 million Ranked 39th. 3 times more than Finland
Population, total	5.41 million Ranked 114th.	51.19 million Ranked 26th. 9 times more than Finland
Gender ratio > Whole population	104.3% Ranked 57th. 1% more than South Africa	103.6% Ranked 63th.
Literacy > Female	100% Ranked 2nd. 8% more than South Africa	92.2% Ranked 44th.
Urban and rural > Females living in cities proper	102,801 Ranked 25th.	351,985 Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Finland
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of asylum > Per capita	1.26 per 1,000 people Ranked 60th. 41% more than South Africa	0.893 per 1,000 people Ranked 68th.
Life expectancy at birth > Male	76.09 years Ranked 51st. 51% more than South Africa	50.43 years Ranked 214th.
Net migration	50,001 Ranked 42nd.	-100,000 Ranked 152nd.
Marriage > Percent married > All > Male > Aged 15-19	0.1% Ranked 19th.	1% Ranked 27th. 10 times more than Finland
Maternal mortality rate	5 deaths/100,000 live births Ranked 175th.	300 deaths/100,000 live births Ranked 37th. 60 times more than Finland
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Total	None	None
Oldest people > By nation of death or current residence > Died	17 June 2000	16 June 1968
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Male	None	None
Urban and rural > Males living in cities proper	98,727 Ranked 25th.	340,363 Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Finland
Urban and rural > Female rural population	841,908 Ranked 42nd.	11.31 million Ranked 8th. 13 times more than Finland
Population > CIA Factbook per capita	0.987 Ranked 117th.	1 Ranked 93th. 1% more than Finland
Immigration > Cultural Diversity Index	0.132 Ranked 113th.	0.53 Ranked 29th. 4 times more than Finland
Fertility > Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	9.22 Ranked 166th.	52.52 Ranked 73th. 6 times more than Finland
Languages	Finnish (official) 91.2%, Swedish (official) 5.5%, other (small Sami- and Russian-speaking minorities) 3.3%	IsiZulu (official) 23.82%, IsiXhosa (official) 17.64%, Afrikaans (official) 13.35%, Sepedi (offcial) 9.39%, English (official) 8.2%, Setswana (official) 8.2%, Sesotho (official) 7.93%, Xitsonga (official) 4.44%, siSwati (official) 2.66%, Tshivenda (official) 2.28%, isiNdebele (official) 1.59%, other 0.5%
Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Total per thousand people	55.87 Ranked 158th.	110.63 Ranked 72nd. 98% more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 15-59 > Total per thousand people	587.36 Ranked 125th.	639.75 Ranked 52nd. 9% more than Finland
Rural population per 1000	389 Ranked 109th.	404.32 Ranked 106th. 4% more than Finland
Future population > Females	2.78 million Ranked 115th.	26.53 million Ranked 30th. 10 times more than Finland
Fertility > Number of maternal deaths	3 Ranked 163th.	3,200 Ranked 21st. 1067 times more than Finland
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 > Total	18.9% Ranked 59th.	49.8% Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Finland
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Total	17 years Ranked 13th. 31% more than South Africa	13 years Ranked 83th.
Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Total per thousand people	47.08 Ranked 11th. 5 times more than South Africa	9.31 Ranked 102nd.
Marriage, divorce and children > Teen marriage rate > Women	0.5 Ranked 32nd.	3.4 Ranked 13th. 7 times more than Finland
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 > Female	18.4% Ranked 36th.	55% Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Finland
Gender > Male population per thousand people	491.09 Ranked 139th.	499.14 Ranked 84th. 2% more than Finland
Immigration > Destination countries of nationalities and ethnic groups > Russians	51,683 Ranked 27th. 40 times more than South Africa	1,300 Ranked 49th.
Literacy > Definition	age 15 and over can read and write	age 15 and over can read and write
Marriage, divorce and children > Years spent single before marriage > Females	30.2 years Ranked 3rd. 8% more than South Africa	27.9 years Ranked 4th.
Education expenditures	6.8% of GDP Ranked 11th. 13% more than South Africa	6% of GDP Ranked 14th.
Number of infant deaths	0.0 Ranked 183th.	37,000 Ranked 27th.
Number of under-five deaths	0.0 Ranked 183th.	50,000 Ranked 26th.
GDP per capita > Current US$	$45,720.77 Ranked 16th. 6 times more than South Africa	$7,507.67 Ranked 70th.
Cities > Urban population per thousand people	1.55e-05 Ranked 94th. 13 times more than South Africa	1.23e-06 Ranked 188th.
Density and urbanisation > Urban population	3.4 million Ranked 95th.	30.19 million Ranked 23th. 9 times more than Finland
Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Total per thousand people	171.47 Ranked 14th. 3 times more than South Africa	53.78 Ranked 99th.
Immigration > Refugees and asylum seekers > Natives per Refugee	582 Ranked 99th.	852 Ranked 87th. 46% more than Finland
Housing > Number of rooms > Houses with 9 rooms	2,535 Ranked 5th.	184,794 Ranked 3rd. 73 times more than Finland
Urbanization > Rate of urbanization	None	None
Infant mortality rate > Female	3.07 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 210th.	38.33 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 53th. 12 times more than Finland
Rights of the Child Convention > Signatories	26 Jan 1990	29 Jan 1993
Age structure > 15-64 years > From total	66.8% Ranked 84th. 2% more than South Africa	65.5% Ranked 106th.
Cities > Urban areas over 1,000,000	1 Ranked 103th.	5 Ranked 16th. 5 times more than Finland
Gender ratio > Babies	96% Ranked 76th.	98% Ranked 30th. 2% more than Finland
Urban population per 1000	611 Ranked 78th. 4% more than South Africa	589.1 Ranked 84th.
Urban and rural > Female urban population	1.89 million Ranked 38th.	12.28 million Ranked 9th. 7 times more than Finland
Urban and rural > Male urban population	1.78 million Ranked 38th.	11.61 million Ranked 8th. 7 times more than Finland
Urban and rural > Male rural population	851,243.5 Ranked 42nd.	10.26 million Ranked 10th. 12 times more than Finland
Median age > Both sexes	41.6 Ranked 1st. 68% more than South Africa	24.7 Ranked 137th.
Age structure > 65 years and over > Males	349,826 Ranked 69th.	1.05 million Ranked 34th. 3 times more than Finland
Age structure > 0-14 years > Males	443,738 Ranked 129th.	7.15 million Ranked 25th. 16 times more than Finland
Housing > Owner occupier households	1.66 million Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than South Africa	664,051 Ranked 11th.
Urbanization > Urban population	85	None
Major cities > Population	HELSINKI (capital) 1.107 million	Johannesburg 3.607 million; Cape Town 3.353 million; Ekurhuleni (East Rand) 3.144 million; Durban 2.837 million; PRETORIA (capital) 1.404 million
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Total	17 years Ranked 10th. 31% more than South Africa	13 years Ranked 79th.
Population in largest city > Per capita	0.208 per capita Ranked 36th. 3 times more than South Africa	0.069 per capita Ranked 103th.
Infant mortality rate > Male	3.68 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 211th.	45.9 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 51st. 12 times more than Finland
Literacy > Male	100% Ranked 6th. 6% more than South Africa	93.9% Ranked 118th.
Cities > Urban areas over 2,000,000	0.0 Ranked 131st.	4 Ranked 9th.
Sanitation facility access > Improved > Total	100% of population Ranked 33th. 27% more than South Africa	79% of population Ranked 78th.
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 > Male	19.3% Ranked 49th.	45.4% Ranked 6th. 2 times more than Finland
Number of infant deaths per 1000	0.0 Ranked 183th.	0.723 Ranked 61st.
Total Population per capita	0.997 Ranked 119th. 7% more than South Africa	0.936 Ranked 176th.
Gender ratio > Urban population	108.1% Ranked 19th. 2% more than South Africa	105.7% Ranked 35th.
Age structure > 65 years and over > From total	16.6% Ranked 19th. 3 times more than South Africa	5.3% Ranked 116th.
Age structure > 0-14 years > Males per 1000	83.51 Ranked 166th.	146.48 Ranked 97th. 75% more than Finland
Charity > World Giving Index > Volunteered time	27% Ranked 32nd. 42% more than South Africa	19% Ranked 62nd.
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriageable age > Males	18 Ranked 47th. The same as South Africa	18 Ranked 13th.
Immigration > Nationality compositions of Canada, share of immigrants	0.2% Ranked 85th.	0.6% Ranked 33th. 3 times more than Finland
Gender ratio > Aged over 60 > Women per 100 men	137.2 Ranked 36th.	145.1 Ranked 25th. 6% more than Finland
Gender ratio > Aged over 80 > Women per 100 men	248.5 Ranked 18th.	252.7 Ranked 16th. 2% more than Finland
Religions	Lutheran Church of Finland 82.5%, Orthodox Church 1.1%, other Christian 1.1%, other 0.1%, none 15.1%	Protestant 36.6% (Zionist Christian 11.1%, Pentecostal/Charismatic 8.2%, Methodist 6.8%, Dutch Reformed 6.7%, Anglican 3.8%), Catholic 7.1%, Muslim 1.5%, other Christian 36%, other 2.3%, unspecified 1.4%, none 15.1%
Urban population > Per capita	0.611 per capita Ranked 83th. 3% more than South Africa	0.593 per capita Ranked 87th.
Mortality rate, adult, male > Per 1,000 male adults	123.26 Ranked 147th.	478.96 Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Finland
Immigration > Ethnic Fractionalization Index	0.132 Ranked 135th.	0.88 Ranked 8th. 7 times more than Finland
Immigration > Visa overstay rate > Australia	0.36 Ranked 138th.	0.65 Ranked 116th. 81% more than Finland
Population in urban agglomerations > More than 1 million	1.09 million Ranked 102nd.	14.08 million Ranked 20th. 13 times more than Finland
Gender development	0.928 Ranked 9th. 35% more than South Africa	0.689 Ranked 85th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Male	16 years Ranked 24th. 23% more than South Africa	13 years Ranked 76th.
Median age > Male	41.2 years Ranked 18th. 63% more than South Africa	25.2 years Ranked 143th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Female	18 years Ranked 5th. 38% more than South Africa	13 years Ranked 6th.
Marriage, divorce and children > Teen marriage rate > Men	0.1 Ranked 33th.	0.7 Ranked 13th. 7 times more than Finland
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Female	18 years Ranked 5th. 38% more than South Africa	13 years Ranked 4th.
Density and urbanisation > Rural population	1.94 million Ranked 104th.	19.13 million Ranked 28th. 10 times more than Finland
Urban and rural population > Urban gender ratio	108.1 Ranked 19th. 2% more than South Africa	105.7 Ranked 35th.
Urban and rural population > Rural gender ratio	98.7 Ranked 31st.	110.2 Ranked 5th. 12% more than Finland
Age structure > 15-64 years > Females per 1000	325.93 Ranked 87th. The same as South Africa	325.66 Ranked 90th.
Age structure > 65 years and over > Females per 1000	97.54 Ranked 21st. 3 times more than South Africa	31.11 Ranked 102nd.
Age structure > 65 years and over > Females	518,270 Ranked 62nd.	1.52 million Ranked 31st. 3 times more than Finland
Age structure > 0-14 years > From total	16.6% Ranked 182nd.	29.2% Ranked 103th. 76% more than Finland
Charity > World Giving Index > Donated money, percent	50% Ranked 22nd. 3 times more than South Africa	15% Ranked 97th.
Housing > Number of rooms > Houses with 1 room	332,757 Ranked 5th.	1.22 million Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Finland
Female population > Age 15-19	157,685 Ranked 125th.	2.53 million Ranked 19th. 16 times more than Finland
Median age > Female	44.8 years Ranked 8th. 74% more than South Africa	25.8 years Ranked 142nd.
Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita > Cubic meters	19,857.94 Ranked 34th. 22 times more than South Africa	885.61 Ranked 136th.
Cities > Rate of urbanization	0.8% Ranked 167th.	1.4% Ranked 128th. 75% more than Finland
Sanitation facility access > Improved > Urban	100% of population Ranked 38th. 16% more than South Africa	86% of population Ranked 115th.
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of origin > Per capita	0.763 per 1 million people Ranked 174th.	9.29 per 1 million people Ranked 149th. 12 times more than Finland
Gender > Women aged 15-49 per thousand people	218.06 Ranked 181st.	279.24 Ranked 23th. 28% more than Finland
Fertility > Mortality rate, under-5, male > Per 1,000 live births	3.2 Ranked 188th.	49.1 Ranked 57th. 15 times more than Finland
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriageable age > Notes	Under 18 with the consent of the ministry of justice in extraordinary circumstances, in which case parents or other guardian must be heard, but actual parental consent is not required.	For a marriage under the Marriage Act, 1961 , parental consent is required for the marriage of a party under the age of majority , which was formerly 21 but is now 18. The special consent of the Minister of Home Affairs is also required for the marriage of a girl under the age of 15 or a boy under the age of 18.
Future population > Males per thousand people	486.8 Ranked 117th. About the same as South Africa	485.85 Ranked 118th.
Immigration > Visas > Visa requirements for > British citizens	Visa not required	Visa not required
International migrant stock, total per 1000	42.07 Ranked 97th. 13% more than South Africa	37.26 Ranked 104th.
International migrant stock, total	225,646 Ranked 97th.	1.86 million Ranked 27th. 8 times more than Finland
Women > Maternal mortality ratio adjusted	6 Ranked 156th.	230 Ranked 59th. 38 times more than Finland
Immigration > Destination countries of nationalities and ethnic groups > Jews > Enlarged Jewish population	1,800 Ranked 56th.	80,000 Ranked 14th. 44 times more than Finland
Fertility > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in: rate varies by country	12,200 Ranked 10th. 87 times more than South Africa	140 Ranked 133th.
Immigration > Ethnic Fractionalization Index per million people	0.0253 Ranked 89th. 33% more than South Africa	0.0191 Ranked 102nd.
Immigration > Nationality compositions of > Norway	6,711 Ranked 30th. 7 times more than South Africa	914 Ranked 74th.
Fertility > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given	21 Ranked 125th. 5 times more than South Africa	4 Ranked 173th.
Widows > Proportion of age group > All > Men > Aged 30 to 39	0.1% Ranked 22nd.	0.4% Ranked 8th. 4 times more than Finland
Age structure > 0-14 years > Females	427,875 Ranked 123th.	7.12 million Ranked 25th. 17 times more than Finland
Age structure > 65 years and over > Males per 1000	65.84 Ranked 19th. 3 times more than South Africa	21.53 Ranked 114th.
Immigration > Nationality compositions of > Canada	12,545 Ranked 75th.	38,305 Ranked 36th. 3 times more than Finland
Charity > World Giving Index > Helped a stranger, percent	57% Ranked 31st. 4% more than South Africa	55% Ranked 38th.
Total Population > Female	2.67 million Ranked 111th.	22.72 million Ranked 27th. 9 times more than Finland
Migration > International migrant stock > Total	171,395 Ranked 98th.	1.25 million Ranked 31st. 7 times more than Finland
Marriage, divorce and children > Years spent single before marriage > Males	32.3 years Ranked 3rd. 7% more than South Africa	30.3 years Ranked 4th.
Women > Maternal mortality ratio > Reported	6 Ranked 141st.	150 Ranked 60th. 25 times more than Finland
Future population > Females per thousand people	505.59 Ranked 78th. 1% more than South Africa	499.88 Ranked 99th.
Gender > Gender ratio aged over 80	248.5 Ranked 18th.	252.7 Ranked 16th. 2% more than Finland
Gender > Gender ratio aged over 65	150.6 Ranked 28th.	159.1 Ranked 20th. 6% more than Finland
Gender ratio > Aged over 60	137.2% Ranked 36th.	145.1% Ranked 25th. 6% more than Finland
Oldest people > By nation of death or current residence > Born	2 October 1887	17 January 1857
Female population > Age 25-29	158,477 Ranked 123th.	1.85 million Ranked 25th. 12 times more than Finland
Female population > Age 15-19 per 1000	30.06 Ranked 179th.	53.53 Ranked 71st. 78% more than Finland
Male population > Age 15-19 per 1000	31.47 Ranked 179th.	54.18 Ranked 79th. 72% more than Finland
Total population > Age 10-14 per 1000	62.24 Ranked 168th.	101.6 Ranked 94th. 63% more than Finland
Male population > Age 25-29	167,743 Ranked 119th.	1.96 million Ranked 25th. 12 times more than Finland
Female population > Age 30-34 per 1000	28.56 Ranked 178th.	31.54 Ranked 151st. 10% more than Finland
Total population > Age 15-19 per 1000	61.52 Ranked 180th.	107.71 Ranked 79th. 75% more than Finland
Female population > Age 10-14 per 1000	30.54 Ranked 167th.	50.55 Ranked 91st. 65% more than Finland
Gender > Gender ratio aged over 60	137.2 Ranked 36th.	145.1 Ranked 25th. 6% more than Finland
Density and urbanisation > Urban population > % of total	62.4% Ranked 84th. 5% more than South Africa	59.3% Ranked 91st.
Density and urbanisation > Urban population growth > Annual %	0.94% Ranked 150th.	2.08% Ranked 88th. 2 times more than Finland
Structure > Population ages 65 and above > % of total	16.81% Ranked 16th. 4 times more than South Africa	4.49% Ranked 104th.
Structure > Population > Female > % of total	50.99% Ranked 51st. 1% more than South Africa	50.7% Ranked 68th.
Widows > Proportion of age group > Urban > Women > Aged 40 to 59	3.1% Ranked 5th.	10.2% Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Finland
Density and urbanisation > Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million > % of total population	20.73% Ranked 46th.	33.5% Ranked 21st. 62% more than Finland
Total population > Age 60-64 > % of the total	5.85 Ranked 9th. 2 times more than South Africa	2.66 Ranked 99th.
Male population > Age 60-64 per 1000	28.45 Ranked 7th. 3 times more than South Africa	10.47 Ranked 118th.
Age structure > 0-14 years > Females per 1000	80.53 Ranked 164th.	145.93 Ranked 91st. 81% more than Finland
Women > Contraceptive prevalence %	77 Ranked 17th. 38% more than South Africa	56 Ranked 72nd.
Total population > Age 55-59	414,033 Ranked 69th.	1.53 million Ranked 29th. 4 times more than Finland
Total population > Age 35-39	338,501 Ranked 112th.	2.68 million Ranked 29th. 8 times more than Finland
Male population > Age 25-29 > % of the total	3.21 Ranked 201st.	4.43 Ranked 43th. 38% more than Finland
Total population > Age 35-39 > % of the total	6.47 Ranked 128th. 7% more than South Africa	6.06 Ranked 149th.
Total population > Age 75-79 > % of the total	3.39 Ranked 19th. 4 times more than South Africa	0.93 Ranked 126th.
Women > Antenatal care coverage %	100 Ranked 10th. 6% more than South Africa	94 Ranked 40th.
Male population > Age 40-44	190,346 Ranked 95th.	1.16 million Ranked 31st. 6 times more than Finland
Total population > Age 70-74 > % of the total	3.88 Ranked 24th. 3 times more than South Africa	1.45 Ranked 116th.
Total population > Age 65-69 > % of the total	4.77 Ranked 19th. 2 times more than South Africa	2.07 Ranked 106th.
HIV/AIDS > Deaths	fewer than 100	310000
Male population > Age 20-24 per 1000	32.37 Ranked 173th.	50.15 Ranked 65th. 55% more than Finland
Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures > % of population, average 1990-2009	0.000387% Ranked 157th.	1.81% Ranked 35th. 4665 times more than Finland
Urban and rural > Female urban population per thousand people	350.16 Ranked 25th. 30% more than South Africa	269.59 Ranked 48th.
Population growth > Annual %	0.34% Ranked 159th.	1.14% Ranked 108th. 3 times more than Finland
Labor participation rate, male > % of male population ages 15+	64.3% Ranked 163th. 7% more than South Africa	60% Ranked 171st.
Housing > Rural owner occupier households per thousand people	110.3 Ranked 1st. 38 times more than South Africa	2.91 Ranked 11th.
Total population > Age 15-19	322,760 Ranked 124th.	5.08 million Ranked 19th. 16 times more than Finland
Total population > Age 15-19 > % of the total	6.17 Ranked 199th.	11.51 Ranked 27th. 87% more than Finland
Total population	5.23 million Ranked 111th.	44.19 million Ranked 27th. 8 times more than Finland
Population ages 0-14 > % of total	17.29% Ranked 156th.	32.6% Ranked 78th. 89% more than Finland
Urban population growth > Annual %	0.34% Ranked 168th.	1.94% Ranked 96th. 6 times more than Finland
Female population > Age 50-54	196,144 Ranked 80th.	1.09 million Ranked 28th. 6 times more than Finland
Female population > Age 50-54 > % of the total	3.75 Ranked 15th. 52% more than South Africa	2.46 Ranked 98th.
Male population > Age 60-64 > % of the total	2.85 Ranked 11th. 3 times more than South Africa	1.12 Ranked 121st.
Male population > Age 80-84 per 1000	7.63 Ranked 30th. 3 times more than South Africa	2.62 Ranked 114th.
Density and urbanisation > Population in the largest city > % of urban population	32.6% Ranked 44th. 3 times more than South Africa	11.95% Ranked 101st.
GDP per capita > Constant 2000 US$	$38,414.46 Ranked 14th. 6 times more than South Africa	$6,003.46 Ranked 70th.
Primary completion rate, female > % of relevant age group	97.18% Ranked 51st.	97.75% Ranked 50th. 1% more than Finland
Primary completion rate, male > % of relevant age group	97.66% Ranked 46th.	99.27% Ranked 36th. 2% more than Finland
Labor participation rate, female > % of female population ages 15+	56% Ranked 72nd. 27% more than South Africa	44.2% Ranked 139th.
Labor force, female > % of total labor force	47.78% Ranked 35th. 7% more than South Africa	44.57% Ranked 87th.
Male population > Age 30-34 per 1000	30.25 Ranked 179th.	33.9 Ranked 138th. 12% more than Finland
Female population > Age 45-49 > % of the total	3.57 Ranked 52nd. 25% more than South Africa	2.85 Ranked 106th.
Male population > Age 55-59	206,633 Ranked 69th.	648,863 Ranked 31st. 3 times more than Finland
Population ages 65 and above > % of total	15.86% Ranked 18th. 4 times more than South Africa	4.25% Ranked 110th.
Net migration per million	9,235 Ranked 48th.	-1,953.533 Ranked 104th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Female	18 years Ranked 7th. 38% more than South Africa	13 years Ranked 5th.
GNI per capita growth > Annual %	-1.668% Ranked 96th.	1.43% Ranked 62nd.

SOURCES: United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. 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Source tables; Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat, World Urbanization Prospects: The 2003 Revision, Data Tables and Highlights. Estimates and projections of urban and rural populations are made by the Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat and published every two years. These estimates and projections are based on national census or survey data that have been evaluated and, whenever necessary, adjusted for deficiencies and inconsistencies; United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects.; Food and Agriculture Organisation and World Bank population estimates.; Adair Morse and Sophie Shivey : Patriotism in Your Portfolio May 17, 2006. pp.40.; http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GenderGap_Report_2012.pdf. World Economic Forum, 2012. Table 3a, p. 8 ff.; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. 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Population and Vital Statistics Repot (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Source tables, Population projections.; CIA World Factbook 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Food and Agriculture Organization; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a22, Percent ever married or in union among persons aged 15-19; Wikipedia: Marriageable age (Africa); Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat, World Urbanization Prospects: The 2001 Revision, Data Tables and Highlights (ESA/P/WP.173, 20 March 2002); Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: Oldest people; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Ethnic and Cultural Diversity By Country. James D. Faeron. Journal of Economic Growth, 8, 195-222, 2003, p. 215 ff.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990-2010. Estimates Developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Russian diaspora (Statistics); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Bank national accounts data; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank Staff estimates based on United Nations, World Urbanisation Prospects.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of countries by refugee population (By Country of Asylum); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; The Office of the High Commissioner for Human RIghts; Demographia World Urban Areas (Built-Up Urban Areas and World Agglomerations): 10th Annual Edition, May 2014 Revision, Table 1, p. 20 ff.); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2177.html, median age; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of urban areas by population (Number of urban areas by country) (Demographia World Urban Areas (World Agglomerations): 9th Annual Edition, March 2013); Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, International Programs Center Spanish Statistical Institute. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: World Giving Index (World Giving Index); Wikipedia: Marriageable age (South America); Wikipedia: Immigration to Canada (Canadian permanent resident population by country of birth) ([1] , Place of birth for the immigrant population by period of immigration, 2006 counts and percentages [1] , Population by immigrant status and period of immigration, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories); United Nations Statistics Division Original html; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/wpp/unpp/panel_population.htm, (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Human Mortality Database. [ www.mortality.org or www.humanmortality.de].; Ethnic and Cultural Diversity By Country. James D. Faeron. Journal of Economic Growth, 8, 195-222, 2003, p. 215 ff.; Wikipedia: Visa policy of Australia (Modified Non-Return Rate) (Modified Non-Return Rate Quarterly Report Ending at 30 June 2013, ); Human Development Reports, United Nations 2002; The data on urban population shares used to estimate rural population come from the United Nations, World Urbanisation Prospects. Total population figures are World Bank estimates.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, International Programs Center; Food and Agriculture Organization; Wikipedia: Urbanization by country (Countries) ([1] United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs); United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Source tables, Population projections. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Visa requirements for British citizens (Visa requirements); United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2008 Revision. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2008 Revision.; UNICEF; https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:Rv2hLhme008J:www.jewishdatabank.org/Reports/World_Jewish_Population_2010.pdf+world+jewish+population+2010&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShFmlEo2XYeBjYVUGgz_STm8ZXvaFqIMHdpfxUC8uWpDuLqb9l7GvJbF2piXHqxgDaGkOY3jfCA_RkpUlKLSByoSQC3cLV-5LcpxgXggqUIYwzK9hdfmwVv4Sz0BdeFMxJ_-2To&sig=AHIEtbT5tVUek4PSi_N_5f0Dwe-11sBzMg, Number 2 - 2010. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Sergio DellaPergola. p. 60.; Ethnic and Cultural Diversity By Country. James D. Faeron. Journal of Economic Growth, 8, 195-222, 2003, p. 215 ff. 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