Education Stats: compare key data on Germany & Japan

Definitions

Average years of schooling of adults: Average years of schooling of adults is the years of formal schooling received, on average, by adults over age 15. (Data Source: Barro-Lee Data Set www.worldbank.org/html/prdmg/grthweb/ddbarle2.htm)
Children out of school, primary: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
Children out of school, primary per 1000: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Children out of school, primary, female: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
College and university > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for college and university enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
College and university > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to post-secondary education.
Compulsary education duration: Number of years students are required to be enrolled in school for all levels of education. For instance, compulsary education lasts for 12 years in the United States.
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP: Percentage of public funding for education out of country's total GDP.
High school enrolment rate: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Literacy > Total population: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Primary education, duration > Years: Primary education, duration (years). Duration of primary is the number of grades (years) in primary education.
Primary education, teachers per 1000: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Primary is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers.
Secondary education, duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years). Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (years) in secondary education (ISCED 2 & 3).
Average IQ: Average IQ of different countries according to the controversial book "IQ and the Wealth of Nations".
Literacy > Female: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
College and university > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
Child care (preschool) > Duration: Number of years students study at the pre-primary (preschool) level. It should be noted that not all countries require pre-primary education.
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Duration of compulsory education: Duration of compulsory education is the number of grades (or years) that a child must legally be enrolled in school.
Secondary education, pupils: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions.
School life expectancy > Total: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Primary education, pupils: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions.
Primary education, teachers: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Tertiary enrollment: Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary level is the sum of all tertiary level students enrolled at the start of the school year, expressed as a percentage of the mid-year population in the 5 year age group after the official secondary school leaving age.
High school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Compulsary education starting age: Age at which children must be enrolled in school.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Literacy > Definition: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
High school > Upper secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the upper secondary (high school) level.
Literacy > Male: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Spending > USD: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment."
High school > Private school share: Percentage of secondary students who attend a private school.
Spending > Proportion: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. Expressed as a proportion of GNI."
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Child care (preschool) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin pre-primary (preschool) education.
High school repeaters > Male: Repeaters in secondary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in secondary school."
Preschool enrollment rate: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
Tertiary > Students studying abroad: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year.
Teachers as percentage of labor force: The percentage share of the total labor force who are classroom, academic staff, and other teachers. Data for 1999.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall: Overall.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Elementary (primary school) > Duration: Number of years students study at the primary level.
Secondary education, teachers: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Secondary education, teachers per 1000: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for pre-primary (preschool) education.
Mathematical literacy: Mathematical literacy mean value of performance scale 15 years old 2000
High school > Lower secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the lower secondary (middle school) level.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scientific literacy: Scientific literacy mean value of performance scale 15 years old (2000)
Spending per student > High school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
Secondary education, general pupils: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
Reading literacy: Reading literacy mean value of performance scale (15 years old, 2000)
High school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for secondary level enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills: Overall.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Scientific and technical journal articles: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve: Access and retrieve.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female: Percentage of country's college and university professors that are female.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion: The number of students from a given country studying abroad in a given year, expressed as a percentage of total tertiary enrollment in that country. Ratios greater than 100 % are possible, because those currently studying abroad do not count towards total enrollment.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scouting > Genders admitted: Admits boys/girls.
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin primary education.
Children out of school, primary, male: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
High school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for all levels of secondary education.
Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training.
Spending per student > Elementary school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
Secondary school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age (years). Entrance age of 2A lower secondary is the age at which students would enter lower secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
High school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age is the age at which students would enter secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Educational attainment > Tertiary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till tertiary level (year 2000).
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women: Population with at least high school education > Women.
Schools connected to the Internet: Schools connected to the Internet are the share of primary and secondary schools in the country that have access to the Internet.
Public spending per student > Primary level: Public expenditure per student, primary level is the total reported current spending by the government on primary education, divided by the total number of pupils in primary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Secondary education, pupils per 1000: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Primary education, pupils per 1000: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Universities > Top 100: Number of universities in the top 100
Student attitude > Dislike of school: Percentage of schoolgoing children who do not like going to school (2000).
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years) is the number of grades (years) in secondary school."
Teacher student ratio > High school: Secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
High school repeaters > Female: Repeaters in secondary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in secondary school."
Class size > Age 13: The average number of 13-year-old students per class.
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 11: Intended hours of instruction per year for 11 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Elementary school > Enrolled students: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 12: Intended hours of instruction per year for 12 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret: Integrate and interpret.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
High school > Lower secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin lower secondary (middle school) education.
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share: Percentage of primary students who attend a private school.
Elementary school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
High school enrolment rate > Female: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Duration of education > Secondary level: Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (or years) in general secondary education.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level: Public expenditure per student, tertiary level is the total reported current spending by the government on tertiary education, divided by the total number of pupils in tertiary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Primary education > Pupils: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men: Gender Inequality Index.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Secondary education, vocational pupils: Secondary education, vocational pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. Technical/vocational programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for education that goes to school staff salaries.
Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for primary education.
Secondary education > Teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Spending per secondary school student: Secondary school spending per pupil in 1998, converted into US dollars by purchasing power parity.
Scientific and technical journal articles per million: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts: Continuous texts.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts: Non-continuous texts.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Duration of education > Primary level: Duration of primary education is the number of grades (or years) in primary education.
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Public spending per student > Secondary level: Public expenditure per student, secondary level is the total reported current spending by the government on secondary education, divided by the total number of pupils in secondary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate: Reflect and evaluate.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Educational attainment > Senior secondary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till senior secondary level (year 2000).
High school > Upper secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin upper secondary (high school) education.
Elementary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
Student attitude > Find school boring: Percentage of students who do find school boring (2000).
Teaching weeks per year > Primary: Average number of weeks taught per year by primary level teachers. Data for 2000.
Elementary school repeaters > All: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
School life expectancy > Male: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Universities > Top 200: Number of universities in the top 200
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge per million: Investment in knowledge is defined and calculated as the sum of expenditure on R&D, on total higher education (public and private) and on software. Simple summation of the three components would lead to overestimation of the investment in knowledge owing to overlaps (R&D and software, R&D and education, software and education). Therefore, data reported here have been adjusted to exclude the overlaps between components.
Note that as the term is used here, "investment” has a broader connotation than its usual meaning in economic statistics. It includes current expenditures, such as on education and R&D, as well as capital outlays, such as purchases of software and construction of school buildings. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.
The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad.
Library books per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in primary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
Elementary (primary school) > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female: Percentage of country's elementary, or primary, teachers that are female.
Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training.
Primary education > Teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Expenditure on education > Change in expenditure on education > Expenditure in tertiary education: The indicator shows direct public and private expenditure on educational institutions in relation to the number of full-time equivalent students enrolled in these institutions. Public subsidies for students’ living expenses have been excluded to ensure international comparability of the data.
Expenditure on education per student is obtained by dividing the total expenditure on educational institutions by the number of full-time equivalents students. Only those educational institutions and programmes are taken into account for which both enrolment and expenditure data are available.
Private school enrolment > Primary level: Private sector enrolment share, primary level is the share of primary school pupils who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
Educational attainment > Junior secondary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till junior secondary level (year 2000).
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 10: Intended hours of instruction per year for 10 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Primary education > Teachers per 1000: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Female enrolment share > Primary level: Girls' enrolment share, primary level is the number of girls enrolled in primary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in primary school.
Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge: Investment in knowledge is defined and calculated as the sum of expenditure on R&D, on total higher education (public and private) and on software. Simple summation of the three components would lead to overestimation of the investment in knowledge owing to overlaps (R&D and software, R&D and education, software and education). Therefore, data reported here have been adjusted to exclude the overlaps between components.
Note that as the term is used here, "investment” has a broader connotation than its usual meaning in economic statistics. It includes current expenditures, such as on education and R&D, as well as capital outlays, such as purchases of software and construction of school buildings.
Student attitude > Report class disorder: Percentage of students who report high noise level and disorder in classes (2000).
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
Universities > Top 200 per million: Number of universities in the top 200. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Universities > Top 50 per million: Number of universities in the top 50. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning technology: Intended instruction time spent studying technology, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
Primary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age (years). Entrance age of primary is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
Scouting > Members: Members of boy or girl scout groups which are members of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM).
Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for primary education that goes to school staff salaries.
High school > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to secondary education.
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level: Net enrolment ratio, secondary level, is the ratio of the number of children of official secondary school age enrolled in school to the number of children of official secondary school age in the population.
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index in primary, or elementary, school. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Spending per primary school student: Primary school spending per pupil in 1998, converted into US dollars by purchasing power parity.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13: Intended hours of instruction per year for 14 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9: Intended hours of instruction per year for 9 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Female enrolment share > Secondary level: Girls' enrolment share, secondary level is the number of girls enrolled in secondary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in secondary school.
Private school enrolment > Secondary level: Private sector enrolment share, secondary level is the share of students in general secondary education who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scouting > Members per thousand people: Membership (from 2012). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64: For each age group shown, those who have completed tertiary education are shown as a percentage of all persons in that age group. Tertiary education includes both tertiary-type "A programmes”, which are largely theoretically-based and designed to provide qualifications for entry to advanced research programmes and professions with high skill requirements, as well as tertiary-type "B programmes” which are classified at the same level of competencies as tertiary-type A programmes but are more occupationally-oriented and lead to direct labour market access. The tertiary attainment profiles are based on the percentage of the population aged 25 to 64 that has completed that level of education.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning science: Intended instruction time spent studying science, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
School life expectancy > Female: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Universities > Top 50 > Per $ GDP: Number of universities in the top 50 Per $ GDP figures expressed per 14.1 billion $ gross domestic product.
Universities > Top 50: Number of universities in the top 50
Elementary school repeaters > Male: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
Elementary school repeaters > Female: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
High school teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Elementary school teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Teacher qualifications > Years experience > Age 13: The average number of years of teaching experience, for teachers of students aged 13.
High school enrolment rate > Male: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Universities > Top 100 per million: Number of universities in the top 100. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 15 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 20 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning vocational skills: Intended instruction time spent studying vocational skills, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP: Number of universities in the top 200 Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 billion $ gross domestic product.
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Primary education > Pupils per 1000: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in secondary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
Young shorttext readers: Share of 15-year-olds who are frequent shorttext (particularly comics) readers (2000)
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.
The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Young longtext readers: Share of 15-year-olds who are frequent longtext readers(2000)
Proportion of primary education time spent learning foreign languages: Intended instruction time spent studying modern foreign languages, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
Spending per secondary school student > Per $ GDP: Secondary school spending per pupil in 1998, converted into US dollars by purchasing power parity. Per $ GDP figures expressed per $1,000 of Gross Domestic Product.
Library employees per million: . Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Progression to secondary level: Progression to secondary level is the number of new entrants to the first grade of general secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the number of pupils in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Universities > Top 100 > Per $ GDP: Number of universities in the top 100 Per $ GDP figures expressed per 14.1 billion $ gross domestic product.
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 19 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 16 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Repeaters, secondary, total > % of total enrollment: Repeaters, secondary, total (% of total enrollment). Percentage of repeaters in secondary. All grades. Total is the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in secondary school. It is calculated by dividing the sum of repeaters in all grades of secondary education by the total enrolment of secondary education and multiplying the result by 100.
Secondary education > Vocational pupils per 1000: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
School enrollment > Primary > Private > % of total primary: Private enrollment refers to pupils or students enrolled in institutions that are not operated by a public authority but controlled and managed, whether for profit or not, by a private body such as a nongovernmental organization, religious body, special interest group, foundation or business enterprise.
Unemployment with primary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Progression to secondary school, female > %: Progression to secondary school, female (%). Transition from primary (ISCED 1) to secondary (ISCED 2), general programmes (%). Female is the number of new female entrants to the first grade of secondary education (general programmes only) in a given year, expressed as a percentage of the number of female pupils enrolled in the final grade of primary education in the previous year.
School enrollment, secondary, male > % gross: School enrollment, secondary, male (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Secondary. All programmes. Male is the total male enrollment in secondary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the male population of official secondary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
Progression to secondary school > %: Progression to secondary school (%). Transition from primary (ISCED 1) to secondary (ISCED 2), general programmes (%). Total is the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary education (general programmes only) in a given year, expressed as a percentage of the number of pupils enrolled in the final grade of primary education in the previous year.
Repeaters, primary, female > % of female enrollment: Repeaters, primary, female (% of female enrollment). Percentage of repeaters in primary. All grades. Female is the number of female students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all female students enrolled in primary school. It is calculated by dividing the sum of female repeaters in all grades of primary education by the total female enrolment of primary education and multiplying the result by 100.
Primary completion rate > Female > % of relevant age group: Primary completion rate is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school. It is calculated by taking the total number of students in the last grade of primary school, minus the number of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age.
Primary completion rate > Male > % of relevant age group: Primary completion rate is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school. It is calculated by taking the total number of students in the last grade of primary school, minus the number of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age.
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
School enrollment > Preprimary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment.
Labor force with tertiary education, female > % of female labor force: Labor force with tertiary education, female (% of female labor force). Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with primary education > % of total: Labor force with primary education (% of total). Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with secondary education, male > % of male labor force: Labor force with secondary education, male (% of male labor force). Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with secondary education > % of total: Labor force with secondary education (% of total). Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education (% of total unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Primary education > Pupils > % female: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at primary level include enrollments in public and private schools.
Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Total > % of relevant age group: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age.
Primary education > Pupils > Per capita: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Researchers in R&D > Per million people: Researchers in R&D (per million people). Researchers in R&D are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods, or systems and in the management of the projects concerned. Postgraduate PhD students (ISCED97 level 6) engaged in R&D are included.
Elementary (primary) school) > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to primary education.
School enrollment > Tertiary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.
Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Female > % of relevant age group: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age.
Total expenditure as % of GDP: Total expenditure on education per year per country as % of GDP (Year 2000).
High school > Upper Secondary > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for upper secondary (high school) education.
Elementary school > Enrolled students > % female: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at primary level include enrollments in public and private schools.
Elementary school teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils > % female: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training."
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training."
Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > Male > % net: Total enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group."
Preschool enrollment rate > Female: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment."
Preschool enrollment rate > Male: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment."
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Female: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Male: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
Secondary education, teachers > % female: Secondary education, teachers (% female). Percentage female teachers. Secondary is the number of female teachers at the secondary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers (male and female) at the secondary level in a given school year. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
Share of vocational tertiary qualifications awarded to females > First degree: Percentage share of tertiary level B qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Literacy and Attainment > Educational attainment: completed tertiary > Tertiary > Population 25+ years > % > Over 24 year olds: Percentage of population older than 24 years that has completed tertiary education.
Secondary education, teachers, female: Secondary education, teachers, female. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Female is the total number of female teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Public spending on education, total > % of government expenditure: Public spending on education, total (% of government expenditure). Public expenditure on education as % of total government expenditure is the total public education expenditure (current and capital) expressed as a percentage of total government expenditure for all sectors in a given financial year. Public education expenditure includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration, and subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).

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STAT	Germany	Japan
Average years of schooling of adults	10.2 Ranked 8th. 7% more than Japan	9.5 Ranked 13th.
Children out of school, primary	7,230 Ranked 76th. 75% more than Japan	4,121 Ranked 85th.
Children out of school, primary per 1000	0.0884 Ranked 114th. 3 times more than Japan	0.0322 Ranked 116th.
Children out of school, primary, female	16,194 Ranked 55th.	23,671 Ranked 31st. 46% more than Germany
College and university > Gender parity index	0.885 Ranked 47th.	0.891 Ranked 90th. 1% more than Germany
College and university > Share of total education spending	27.16% Ranked 21st. 40% more than Japan	19.47% Ranked 23th.
Compulsary education duration	13 Ranked 4th. 44% more than Japan	9 Ranked 93th.
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP	5.08% Ranked 54th. 34% more than Japan	3.78% Ranked 32nd.
High school enrolment rate	98.86 Ranked 25th.	100 Ranked 2nd. 1% more than Germany
Literacy > Total population	99% Ranked 15th. The same as Japan	99% Ranked 4th.
Primary education, duration > Years	4 Ranked 181st.	6 Ranked 48th. 50% more than Germany
Primary education, teachers per 1000	3.09 Ranked 109th.	3.14 Ranked 106th. 2% more than Germany
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary	11.82 Ranked 113th.	17.5 Ranked 73th. 48% more than Germany
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary	12.88 Ranked 62nd. 9% more than Japan	11.79 Ranked 69th.
Secondary education, duration > Years	9 Ranked 1st. 50% more than Japan	6 Ranked 97th.
Average IQ	102 Ranked 4th.	105 Ranked 3rd. 3% more than Germany
Literacy > Female	99% Ranked 12th. The same as Japan	99% Ranked 4th.
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000	0.196 Ranked 104th.	0.197 Ranked 58th. About the same as Germany
College and university > Gender ratio	88.74 Ranked 44th. About the same as Japan	88.42 Ranked 68th.
Child care (preschool) > Duration	3 Ranked 28th. The same as Japan	3 Ranked 41st.
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita	7.24 per 1,000 people Ranked 40th. 51% more than Japan	4.79 per 1,000 people Ranked 78th.
Duration of compulsory education	13 years Ranked 1st. 30% more than Japan	10 years Ranked 39th.
Secondary education, pupils	7.53 million Ranked 10th. 3% more than Japan	7.28 million Ranked 11th.
Girls to boys ratio > Primary level enrolment	1 Ranked 20th. The same as Japan	1 Ranked 22nd.
School life expectancy > Total	15.3 years Ranked 12th. 7% more than Japan	14.3 years Ranked 24th.
Primary education, pupils	2.99 million Ranked 36th.	7.03 million Ranked 14th. 2 times more than Germany
Primary education, teachers	252,845 Ranked 15th.	401,773 Ranked 9th. 59% more than Germany
Tertiary enrollment	46.3% Ranked 4th.	47.7% Ranked 25th. 3% more than Germany
High school > Gender ratio	97.54 Ranked 74th.	100.09 Ranked 58th. 3% more than Germany
Compulsary education starting age	6 Ranked 38th. The same as Japan	6 Ranked 58th.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million	0.157 Ranked 92nd. 71% more than Japan	0.0923 Ranked 94th.
Literacy > Definition	age 15 and over can read and write	age 15 and over can read and write
High school > Upper secondary school duration	3 Ranked 53th. The same as Japan	3 Ranked 66th.
Literacy > Male	99% Ranked 23th. The same as Japan	99% Ranked 5th.
Spending > USD	157.95 billion Ranked 3rd.	160.99 billion Ranked 2nd. 2% more than Germany
High school > Private school share	8.76% Ranked 81st.	19.22% Ranked 46th. 2 times more than Germany
Spending > Proportion	4.28 Ranked 79th. 35% more than Japan	3.17 Ranked 120th.
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary	14.19 Ranked 121st.	19.15 Ranked 90th. 35% more than Germany
Child care (preschool) > Starting age	3 Ranked 73th. The same as Japan	3 Ranked 89th.
High school repeaters > Male	3.19 Ranked 56th.	0.0 Ranked 52nd.
Preschool enrollment rate	104.77 Ranked 65th. 3% more than Japan	101.88 Ranked 78th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad	113,236.01 Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Japan	35,954.86 Ranked 20th.
Primary completion rate	94 Ranked 52nd.	101 Ranked 9th. 7% more than Germany
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level	2.33 million Ranked 10th.	3.98 million Ranked 5th. 71% more than Germany
Teachers as percentage of labor force	3.9% Ranked 19th. 30% more than Japan	3% Ranked 31st.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall	497 Ranked 17th.	520 Ranked 6th. 5% more than Germany
Elementary (primary school) > Duration	4 Ranked 191st.	6 Ranked 53th. 50% more than Germany
Secondary education, teachers	584,535 Ranked 8th.	617,642 Ranked 7th. 6% more than Germany
Secondary education, teachers per 1000	7.15 Ranked 36th. 48% more than Japan	4.83 Ranked 60th.
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher	10.2 Ranked 99th.	25.94 Ranked 17th. 3 times more than Germany
Mathematical literacy	490 Ranked 19th.	557 Ranked 1st. 14% more than Germany
High school > Lower secondary school duration	6 Ranked 1st. Twice as much as Japan	3 Ranked 98th.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000	0.298 Ranked 102nd. 9% more than Japan	0.273 Ranked 59th.
Scientific literacy	487 Ranked 20th.	550 Ranked 2nd. 13% more than Germany
Spending per student > High school	20.66 Ranked 38th.	22.32 Ranked 24th. 8% more than Germany
Secondary education, general pupils	6.07 million Ranked 12th.	6.43 million Ranked 11th. 6% more than Germany
Reading literacy	484 Ranked 21st.	522 Ranked 8th. 8% more than Germany
High school > Gender parity index	0.947 Ranked 110th.	1 Ranked 77th. 6% more than Germany
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills	497 Ranked 17th.	520 Ranked 6th. 5% more than Germany
Scientific and technical journal articles	44,305 Ranked 4th.	60,067 Ranked 2nd. 36% more than Germany
Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve	501 Ranked 17th.	530 Ranked 3rd. 6% more than Germany
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female	39% Ranked 19th. 2 times more than Japan	18% Ranked 3rd.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion	4.1% Ranked 72nd. 4 times more than Japan	0.927% Ranked 115th.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000	28.3 Ranked 55th.	31.26 Ranked 46th. 10% more than Germany
Scouting > Genders admitted	both	both
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age	6 Ranked 50th. The same as Japan	6 Ranked 71st.
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of total government	9.8% Ranked 68th. The same as Japan	9.8% Ranked 69th.
Children out of school, primary, male	24,606 Ranked 48th.	32,724 Ranked 27th. 33% more than Germany
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of GNI	4.6% Ranked 58th. 31% more than Japan	3.5% Ranked 80th.
High school > Students per teacher	12.88 Ranked 64th. 9% more than Japan	11.79 Ranked 71st.
Secondary education > General pupils	6.59 million Ranked 12th.	6.88 million Ranked 11th. 4% more than Germany
Spending per student > Elementary school	16.08 Ranked 40th.	21.63 Ranked 19th. 35% more than Germany
Secondary school starting age > Years	10 Ranked 186th.	12 Ranked 57th. 20% more than Germany
High school starting age > Years	10 Ranked 162nd.	12 Ranked 53th. 20% more than Germany
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita	2.82 per 1,000 people Ranked 125th.	2.97 per 1,000 people Ranked 119th. 5% more than Germany
Educational attainment > Tertiary	23% Ranked 15th.	34% Ranked 4th. 48% more than Germany
Education enrolment by level > Primary level	3.3 million Ranked 35th.	7.27 million Ranked 17th. 2 times more than Germany
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women	96.2% Ranked 11th. 20% more than Japan	80% Ranked 38th.
Schools connected to the Internet	99% Ranked 8th. The same as Japan	99% Ranked 7th.
Public spending per student > Primary level	17.8 Ranked 22nd.	21.3 Ranked 12th. 20% more than Germany
Secondary education, pupils per 1000	92.04 Ranked 43th. 61% more than Japan	56.99 Ranked 122nd.
Primary education, pupils per 1000	36.55 Ranked 152nd.	54.99 Ranked 127th. 50% more than Germany
Girls to boys ratio > Tertiary level enrolment	1.03 Ranked 60th. 16% more than Japan	0.89 Ranked 66th.
Girls to boys ratio > Secondary level enrolment	0.98 Ranked 80th.	1 Ranked 63th. 2% more than Germany
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita	28.3 per 1,000 people Ranked 54th.	31.26 per 1,000 people Ranked 44th. 10% more than Germany
Universities > Top 100	2 Ranked 14th.	3 Ranked 10th. 50% more than Germany
Student attitude > Dislike of school	25% Ranked 14th. The same as Japan	25% Ranked 13th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people	1.38 Ranked 98th. 5 times more than Japan	0.281 Ranked 170th.
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years	9 Ranked 1st. 50% more than Japan	6 Ranked 82nd.
Teacher student ratio > High school	13.24 Ranked 55th. 9% more than Japan	12.12 Ranked 63th.
High school repeaters > Female	2.26 Ranked 57th.	0.0 Ranked 52nd.
Class size > Age 13	15.9 students Ranked 21st.	35.5 students Ranked 1st. 2 times more than Germany
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school	13.5 Ranked 103th.	18.28 Ranked 69th. 35% more than Germany
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 11	862 hours Ranked 19th. 13% more than Japan	761 hours Ranked 30th.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5	99.2% Ranked 12th.	100% Ranked 1st. 1% more than Germany
Elementary school > Enrolled students	3.24 million Ranked 34th.	7.17 million Ranked 13th. 2 times more than Germany
Primary education > Duration > Years	4 years Ranked 170th.	6 years Ranked 50th. 50% more than Germany
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$23,804.70 Ranked 11th.	$25,465.36 Ranked 5th. 7% more than Germany
School enrolment rate > 1st grade	99.13 Ranked 79th.	101.49 Ranked 81st. 2% more than Germany
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000	74.21 Ranked 58th. 48% more than Japan	50.29 Ranked 119th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 12	874 hours Ranked 26th.	875 hours Ranked 25th. About the same as Germany
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret	501 Ranked 14th.	520 Ranked 5th. 4% more than Germany
High school > Lower secondary starting age	10 Ranked 193th.	12 Ranked 58th. 20% more than Germany
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share	4.34% Ranked 98th. 4 times more than Japan	1.13% Ranked 124th.
Elementary school > Gender ratio	99.62 Ranked 37th.	100.02 Ranked 28th. About the same as Germany
High school enrolment rate > Female	98.61 Ranked 27th.	99.88 Ranked 3rd. 1% more than Germany
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level	96% Ranked 50th.	100% Ranked 1st. 4% more than Germany
Duration of education > Secondary level	9 Ranked 1st. 50% more than Japan	6 Ranked 77th.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level	42.5 Ranked 38th. 3 times more than Japan	13.6 Ranked 9th.
Secondary education > Pupils	8.38 million Ranked 9th. 6% more than Japan	7.89 million Ranked 11th.
Primary education > Pupils	3.31 million Ranked 36th.	7.26 million Ranked 16th. 2 times more than Germany
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men	96.9% Ranked 12th. 18% more than Japan	82.3% Ranked 40th.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita	102.37 per 1,000 people Ranked 42nd. 60% more than Japan	63.8 per 1,000 people Ranked 123th.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Tertiary level	49% Ranked 81st. 8% more than Japan	45.57% Ranked 86th.
Secondary education, vocational pupils	1.46 million Ranked 8th. 70% more than Japan	857,049 Ranked 10th.
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries	78.06% Ranked 35th. 2% more than Japan	76.72% Ranked 19th.
Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher	11.82 Ranked 115th.	17.5 Ranked 73th. 48% more than Germany
Secondary education > Teachers	597,681.1 Ranked 7th.	612,629 Ranked 6th. 3% more than Germany
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary	16 years Ranked 11th. 7% more than Japan	15 years Ranked 28th.
Spending per secondary school student	$6,209.00 per student Ranked 8th. 5% more than Japan	$5,890.00 per student Ranked 9th.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level	8.45 million Ranked 12th. 4% more than Japan	8.13 million Ranked 14th.
Scientific and technical journal articles per million	536.81 Ranked 17th. 14% more than Japan	470.31 Ranked 20th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts	496 Ranked 19th.	520 Ranked 5th. 5% more than Germany
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts	497 Ranked 20th.	518 Ranked 7th. 4% more than Germany
Duration of education > Primary level	4 Ranked 150th.	6 Ranked 47th. 50% more than Germany
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education	98.14% Ranked 77th.	100.05% Ranked 54th. 2% more than Germany
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary	4,196 Ranked 97th. 6 times more than Japan	695 Ranked 101st.
Public spending per student > Secondary level	20.5 Ranked 32nd. 10% more than Japan	18.7 Ranked 4th.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Primary level	48.6% Ranked 70th.	48.79% Ranked 48th. About the same as Germany
Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate	491 Ranked 25th.	521 Ranked 7th. 6% more than Germany
Educational attainment > Senior secondary	59% Ranked 3rd. 20% more than Japan	49% Ranked 8th.
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Women	96% Ranked 47th.	100% Ranked 2nd. 4% more than Germany
High school > Upper secondary starting age	16 Ranked 17th. 7% more than Japan	15 Ranked 85th.
Elementary school starting age > Years	6 Ranked 49th. The same as Japan	6 Ranked 66th.
Library books	34.69 million Ranked 1st. 5 times more than Japan	7.31 million Ranked 6th.
Student attitude > Find school boring	49% Ranked 12th. 53% more than Japan	32% Ranked 16th.
Teaching weeks per year > Primary	39 weeks per year Ranked 17th. 11% more than Japan	35 weeks per year Ranked 33th.
Elementary school repeaters > All	1.27 Ranked 82nd.	0.0 Ranked 75th.
School life expectancy > Male	15.5 years Ranked 9th. 8% more than Japan	14.4 years Ranked 21st.
Universities > Top 200	9 Ranked 7th.	10 Ranked 5th. 11% more than Germany
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita	79.87 per 1,000 people Ranked 58th. 48% more than Japan	53.84 per 1,000 people Ranked 118th.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita	0.04 per capita Ranked 162nd.	0.057 per capita Ranked 145th. 43% more than Germany
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000	40.05 Ranked 166th.	57.04 Ranked 150th. 42% more than Germany
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Men	96% Ranked 44th.	100% Ranked 4th. 4% more than Germany
Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge per million	0.0466% Ranked 15th. 24% more than Japan	0.0375% Ranked 17th.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD	2.53% Ranked 10th.	3.32% Ranked 3rd. 31% more than Germany
Library books per 1000	422.78 Ranked 2nd. 7 times more than Japan	57.74 Ranked 37th.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level	14.8 Ranked 117th.	20.4 Ranked 87th. 38% more than Germany
Elementary (primary school) > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female	86% Ranked 9th. 32% more than Japan	65% Ranked 1st.
Secondary education > Vocational pupils	1.79 million Ranked 5th. 76% more than Japan	1.02 million Ranked 12th.
Primary education > Teachers	232,936.5 Ranked 17th.	378,950 Ranked 8th. 63% more than Germany
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Secondary level	48.25% Ranked 106th.	48.93% Ranked 87th. 1% more than Germany
Expenditure on education > Change in expenditure on education > Expenditure in tertiary education	106 Index of change, year 200 Ranked 26th.	106.35 Index of change, year 200 Ranked 25th. About the same as Germany
Private school enrolment > Primary level	2.4 Ranked 64th. 3 times more than Japan	0.9 Ranked 82nd.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years	4 Ranked 157th.	6 Ranked 45th. 50% more than Germany
Library employees	2,190 Ranked 1st. 2 times more than Japan	938 Ranked 3rd.
Educational attainment > Junior secondary	17% Ranked 15th. The same as Japan	17% Ranked 14th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 10	774 hours Ranked 25th. 2% more than Japan	761 hours Ranked 28th.
Primary education > Teachers per 1000	2.82 Ranked 126th.	2.97 Ranked 119th. 5% more than Germany
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000	101.58 Ranked 33th. 64% more than Japan	61.79 Ranked 113th.
Female enrolment share > Primary level	48.5% Ranked 66th.	48.8% Ranked 35th. 1% more than Germany
Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge	3.82% Ranked 9th.	4.78% Ranked 6th. 25% more than Germany
Student attitude > Report class disorder	22% Ranked 14th. 29% more than Japan	17% Ranked 17th.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$	$1.95 trillion Ranked 3rd.	$3.25 trillion Ranked 2nd. 67% more than Germany
Universities > Top 200 per million	0.109 Ranked 19th. 39% more than Japan	0.0783 Ranked 20th.
Universities > Top 50 per million	0.0121 Ranked 10th.	0.0157 Ranked 9th. 29% more than Germany
Proportion of primary education time spent learning technology	4	8
Primary school starting age > Years	6 Ranked 50th. The same as Japan	6 Ranked 71st.
Scouting > Members	112,503 Ranked 14th. 1% more than Japan	111,180 Ranked 15th.
Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries	82.97% Ranked 41st.	86.36% Ranked 25th. 4% more than Germany
High school > Share of total education spending	45.55% Ranked 13th. 19% more than Japan	38.24% Ranked 9th.
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level	87.7% Ranked 4th.	101.2% Ranked 1st. 15% more than Germany
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils	6.17 million Ranked 11th.	6.47 million Ranked 10th. 5% more than Germany
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000	79.87 Ranked 57th. 48% more than Japan	53.85 Ranked 117th.
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000	7.24 Ranked 39th. 51% more than Japan	4.8 Ranked 79th.
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment	99.78 Ranked 32nd.	100.19 Ranked 21st. About the same as Germany
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index	0.995 Ranked 57th.	1 Ranked 37th. 1% more than Germany
Spending per primary school student	$3,531.00 per student Ranked 13th.	$5,075.00 per student Ranked 8th. 44% more than Germany
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13	918 hours Ranked 23th. 5% more than Japan	875 hours Ranked 28th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9	752 hours Ranked 27th.	761 hours Ranked 24th. 1% more than Germany
Female enrolment share > Secondary level	48.4% Ranked 82nd.	49% Ranked 72nd. 1% more than Germany
Private school enrolment > Secondary level	7.2 Ranked 56th.	16.5 Ranked 8th. 2 times more than Germany
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000	102.4 Ranked 44th. 60% more than Japan	63.8 Ranked 124th.
Scouting > Members per thousand people	1.37 Ranked 75th. 58% more than Japan	0.872 Ranked 94th.
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64	22.66% Ranked 13th.	22.87% Ranked 12th. 1% more than Germany
Primary completion rate > Women	94 Ranked 52nd.	102 Ranked 5th. 9% more than Germany
Proportion of primary education time spent learning science	10% Ranked 24th.	11% Ranked 20th. 10% more than Germany
School life expectancy > Female	15.2 years Ranked 17th. 8% more than Japan	14.1 years Ranked 28th.
Universities > Top 50 > Per $ GDP	0.005 per $14.1 billion of GDP Ranked 12th.	0.006 per $14.1 billion of GDP Ranked 11th. 20% more than Germany
Universities > Top 50	1 Ranked 12th.	2 Ranked 7th. Twice as much as Germany
Elementary school repeaters > Male	1.34 Ranked 82nd.	0.0 Ranked 61st.
Elementary school repeaters > Female	1.2 Ranked 80th.	0.0 Ranked 61st.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5 > Men	98.7% Ranked 14th.	100% Ranked 1st. 1% more than Germany
High school teachers	597,269 Ranked 8th.	607,062 Ranked 7th. 2% more than Germany
Elementary school teachers	239,761 Ranked 15th.	391,967 Ranked 7th. 63% more than Germany
Teacher qualifications > Years experience > Age 13	43.5 years experience Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than Japan	15.1 years experience Ranked 26th.
High school enrolment rate > Male	99.1 Ranked 23th.	100 Ranked 2nd. 1% more than Germany
Universities > Top 100 per million	0.0243 Ranked 16th. 3% more than Japan	0.0235 Ranked 17th.
Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education	98% Ranked 11th.	100% Ranked 5th. 2% more than Germany
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education	15% Ranked 22nd.	0.0 Ranked 32nd.
Primary completion rate > Men	94 Ranked 46th.	101 Ranked 7th. 7% more than Germany
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils	8.27 million Ranked 8th. 7% more than Japan	7.71 million Ranked 9th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning vocational skills	1	n
Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP	0.003 per $1 billion of GDP Ranked 24th. 50% more than Japan	0.002 per $1 billion of GDP Ranked 28th.
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment	98.32 Ranked 92nd.	100.23 Ranked 74th. 2% more than Germany
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita	101.58 per 1,000 people Ranked 34th. 64% more than Japan	61.79 per 1,000 people Ranked 112th.
Primary education > Pupils per 1000	40.06 Ranked 163th.	56.8 Ranked 147th. 42% more than Germany
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level	15.4 Ranked 75th. 8% more than Japan	14.2 Ranked 82nd.
Young shorttext readers	11.7% Ranked 22nd.	74.5% Ranked 1st. 6 times more than Germany
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million	0.0309% Ranked 22nd. 19% more than Japan	0.026% Ranked 24th.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females	46% Ranked 27th. 24% more than Japan	37% Ranked 30th.
Young longtext readers	26.3% Ranked 8th. 9 times more than Japan	3% Ranked 27th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning foreign languages	16	13
Spending per secondary school student > Per $ GDP	$0.00 per student per $1,000 Ranked 18th. 67% more than Japan	$0.00 per student per $1,000 Ranked 20th.
Library employees per million	26.69 Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Japan	7.41 Ranked 41st.
Progression to secondary level	99.6 Ranked 5th.	100 Ranked 4th. About the same as Germany
International Mathematical Olympiad > Results for the 2006 IMO > Points	157 Ranked 4th. 8% more than Japan	146 Ranked 7th.
Universities > Top 100 > Per $ GDP	0.01 per $14.1 billion of GDP Ranked 21st. 11% more than Japan	0.009 per $14.1 billion of GDP Ranked 22nd.
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education	8% Ranked 23th.	0.0 Ranked 32nd.
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education	97% Ranked 4th. 1% more than Japan	96% Ranked 6th.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree	46% Ranked 27th. 24% more than Japan	37% Ranked 30th.
Repeaters, secondary, total > % of total enrollment	2.25% Ranked 69th.	0.0 Ranked 67th.
Secondary education > Vocational pupils per 1000	21.71 Ranked 26th. 3 times more than Japan	7.94 Ranked 66th.
School enrollment > Primary > Private > % of total primary	2.86% Ranked 96th. 3 times more than Japan	0.94% Ranked 119th.
Scouting > Membership > Guiding introduced	1912	1919
Unemployment with primary education > Female > % of female unemployment	26.3% Ranked 12th.	67.4% Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Germany
Progression to secondary school, female > %	98.61% Ranked 34th.	99.88% Ranked 2nd. 1% more than Germany
School enrollment, secondary, male > % gross	104.18% Ranked 22nd. 3% more than Japan	101.62% Ranked 25th.
Progression to secondary school > %	98.86% Ranked 29th.	99.94% Ranked 2nd. 1% more than Germany
Repeaters, primary, female > % of female enrollment	0.462% Ranked 95th.	0.0 Ranked 121st.
Primary completion rate > Female > % of relevant age group	95.56% Ranked 60th.	101.89% Ranked 3rd. 7% more than Germany
Primary completion rate > Male > % of relevant age group	96.05% Ranked 54th.	101.94% Ranked 5th. 6% more than Germany
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % gross	100.28% gross Ranked 112th.	100.32% gross Ranked 111th. The same as Germany
School enrollment > Preprimary > Female > % gross	96.15% gross Ranked 19th. 12% more than Japan	85.63% gross Ranked 33th.
Labor force with tertiary education, female > % of female labor force	26.7% Ranked 32nd.	40.9% Ranked 11th. 53% more than Germany
Labor force with primary education > % of total	14% Ranked 39th.	58.6% Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Germany
Labor force with secondary education, male > % of male labor force	56.9% Ranked 17th. 24% more than Japan	45.9% Ranked 30th.
Labor force with secondary education > % of total	57.8% Ranked 14th. 21% more than Japan	47.7% Ranked 25th.
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment	11% Ranked 70th.	33.2% Ranked 8th. 3 times more than Germany
Primary education > Pupils > % female	48.62% female Ranked 57th.	48.78% female Ranked 40th. About the same as Germany
Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Total > % of relevant age group	105.23% Ranked 54th. 7% more than Japan	98.09% Ranked 100th.
Primary education > Pupils > Per capita	0.04 per capita Ranked 163th.	0.057 per capita Ranked 149th. 43% more than Germany
Researchers in R&D > Per million people	3,979.22 Ranked 9th.	5,179.94 Ranked 6th. 30% more than Germany
Elementary (primary) school) > Share of total education spending	13.48% Ranked 96th.	34.11% Ranked 26th. 3 times more than Germany
School enrollment > Tertiary > % gross	33.82% gross Ranked 23th.	53.98% gross Ranked 30th. 60% more than Germany
Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Female > % of relevant age group	105.17% Ranked 44th. 7% more than Japan	98.26% Ranked 92nd.
Total expenditure as % of GDP	5.3% of GDP Ranked 14th. 15% more than Japan	4.6% of GDP Ranked 18th.
High school > Upper Secondary > Students per teacher	15.02 Ranked 35th. 41% more than Japan	10.62 Ranked 60th.
Elementary school > Enrolled students > % female	48.61% Ranked 63th.	48.78% Ranked 50th. About the same as Germany
Elementary school teachers > % female	85.2% Ranked 34th. 31% more than Japan	64.88% Ranked 79th.
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils > % female	41.85% Ranked 56th.	43.03% Ranked 50th. 3% more than Germany
Participation > Secondary education > Vocational pupils	1.74 million Ranked 4th. 96% more than Japan	889,381 Ranked 11th.
Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > Male > % net	98.94% Ranked 17th.	100% Ranked 2nd. 1% more than Germany
Preschool enrollment rate > Female	108.32 Ranked 7th. 24% more than Japan	87.6 Ranked 27th.
Preschool enrollment rate > Male	109.87 Ranked 7th. 28% more than Japan	85.63 Ranked 31st.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Female	98.54 Ranked 77th.	101.4 Ranked 78th. 3% more than Germany
School enrolment rate > 1st grade > Male	99.7 Ranked 77th.	101.57 Ranked 85th. 2% more than Germany
Secondary education, teachers > % female	59.78% Ranked 38th. 83% more than Japan	32.69% Ranked 56th.
School enrollment > Primary > Female > % net	85.62% net Ranked 75th.	100% net Ranked 1st. 17% more than Germany
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % net	83.02% net Ranked 80th.	99.82% net Ranked 2nd. 20% more than Germany
Share of vocational tertiary qualifications awarded to females > First degree	62% awarded to females Ranked 12th.	68% awarded to females Ranked 7th. 10% more than Germany
Literacy and Attainment > Educational attainment: completed tertiary > Tertiary > Population 25+ years > % > Over 24 year olds	25.6% Ranked 17th.	29.88% Ranked 3rd. 17% more than Germany
Secondary education, teachers, female	349,459 Ranked 6th. 52% more than Japan	229,645 Ranked 8th.
Public spending on education, total > % of government expenditure	10.69% Ranked 78th. 14% more than Japan	9.41% Ranked 102nd.

SOURCES: UNESCO; UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Lynn, R. and Vanhanen, T. (2002). IQ and the Wealth of Nations. Westport, CT: Praeger. ISBN 0-275-97510-X; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Development Indicators database; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's Statistical Yearbook, and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics online database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute of Statistics; Wikipedia: List of countries by student performance (Reading); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators 2003; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; The Times, 2005; OECD; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; "Efficiency and Equity in Schools around the World" by Eric A. Hanushek and Javier A. Luque, April 2002; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2001); World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009; World Bank national accounts data; The Times, 2005. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; "WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012". World Organization of the Scout Movement. August 2013.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members) ("WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012" . World Organization of the Scout Movement . Retrieved 2014-03-03 .). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: International Mathematical Olympiad; Wikipedia: Scouting; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD Historical Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=UNESCO&f=series%3aEA_56_Ag25t99, Educational attainment: completed tertiary

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