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Definitions

Crime > Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents: Number of privately owned small firearms per 100 residents.
Crime > Violent crime > Murder rate: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
Crime > Violent crime > Murder rate per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Economy > Budget surplus > + or deficit > -: This entry records the difference between national government revenues and expenditures, expressed as a percent of GDP. A positive (+) number indicates that revenues exceeded expenditures (a budget surplus), while a negative (-) number indicates the reverse (a budget deficit). Normalizing the data, by dividing the budget balance by GDP, enables easy comparisons across countries and indicates whether a national government saves or borrows money. Countries with high budget deficits (relative to their GDPs) generally have more difficulty raising funds to finance expenditures, than those with lower deficits.
Geography > Area > Comparative: The area of various small countries expressed in comparison to various areas within the United States of America.
Geography > Area > Land: Total land area in square kilometres
Geography > Climate: A brief description of typical weather regimes throughout the year.
Geography > Land area > Square miles: Country land area.
Government > Government type: A description of the basic form of government (e.g., republic, constitutional monarchy, federal republic, parliamentary democracy, military dictatorship).
Government > Legal system: A brief description of the legal system's historical roots, role in government, and acceptance of International Court of Justice (ICJ) jurisdiction.
Health > Births and maternity > Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate.
Health > Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians are defined as graduates of any facility or school of medicine who are working in the country in any medical field (practice, teaching, research).
Military > Air force > Combat aircraft: Number of fighter aircrafts (fixed wing aircrafts with combat capability).
People > Age distribution > Population aged 0-14: Percentage of total population aged 0-14.
People > Population: Population, total refers to the total population.
Government > Legislative branch: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
Geography > Geographic coordinates: This entry includes rounded latitude and longitude figures for the purpose of finding the approximate geographic center of an entity and is based on the Gazetteer of Conventional Names, Third Edition, August 1988, US Board on Geographic Names and on other sources.
Religion > Religions: This entry includes a rank ordering of religions by adherents starting with the largest group and sometimes includes the percent of total population.
People > Population > Population growth, past and future: Population growth rate (percentage).
Military > Army > Main battle tanks: Number of main battle tanks.
Environment > Marine fish catch: Total marine fish catch
Units: Metric Tons
People > Ethnic groups: This entry provides a rank ordering of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population.
Government > Suffrage: The age at enfranchisement and whether the right to vote is universal or restricted
Geography > Area > Total: Total area in square kilometers
People > Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 15-24.
Government > Constitution: The dates of adoption, revisions, and major amendments to a nation's constitution
Agriculture > Arable land > Hectares: Arable land (in hectares) includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.
Labor > Salaries and benefits > Minimum wage: Minimum wage.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Government > Judicial branch: The name(s) of the highest court(s) and a brief description of the selection process for members.
Transport > Road > Motor vehicles per 1000 people: Motor vehicles per 1000 people.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Economy > GDP > Purchasing power parity per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
People > Birth rate: The average annual number of births during a year per 1,000 persons in the population at midyear; also known as crude birth rate. The birth rate is usually the dominant factor in determining the rate of population growth. It depends on both the level of fertility and the age structure of the population.
People > Population growth: Percentage by which country's population either has increased or is estimated to increase. Countries with a decrease in population are signified by a negative percentage. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Economy > Budget > Revenues: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms
People > Age distribution > Median age: The median age of the country's residents. This is the age most people are in the country.
Economy > GDP > Per capita > PPP: This entry shows GDP on a purchasing power parity basis divided by population as of 1 July for the same year.
Crime > Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year): Year of last use.
Government > Political parties and leaders: Significant political organizations and their leaders.
Economy > Economy > Overview: This entry briefly describes the type of economy, including the degree of market orientation, the level of economic development, the most important natural resources, and the unique areas of specialization. It also characterizes major economic events and policy changes in the most recent 12 months and may include a statement about one or two key future macroeconomic trends.
Crime > Violent crime > Murders per million people: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Economy > Exports: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
Crime > Violent crime > Murders: Intentional homicide, number and rate per 100,000 population.
Government > Executive branch > Cabinet: Cabinet includes the official name for any body of high-ranking advisers roughly comparable to a U.S. Cabinet. Also notes the method for selection of members.
Education > Compulsary education duration: Number of years students are required to be enrolled in school for all levels of education. For instance, compulsary education lasts for 12 years in the United States.
People > Gender > Female population: Total female population.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 0-14 > Total: Number of people aged 0-14.
Economy > GDP > Per capita: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Agriculture > Rural population: Total population living in rural areas. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Energy > Electricity > Consumption > Per capita: Total electricity consumed annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
People > Death rate: The average annual number of deaths during a year per 1,000 population at midyear; also known as crude death rate. The death rate, while only a rough indicator of the mortality situation in a country, accurately indicates the current mortality impact on population growth. This indicator is significantly affected by age distribution, and most countries will eventually show a rise in the overall death rate, in spite of continued decline in mortality at all ages, as declining fertility results in an aging population.
Environment > Ecological footprint: Ecological footprint per capita
Units: Hectares per Person
Government > Political pressure groups and leaders: Organizations with leaders involved in politics, but not standing for legislative election.
Geography > Natural resources: A country's mineral, petroleum, hydropower, and other resources of commercial importance.
Energy > Electricity > Consumption: Total electricity consumed annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution.
People > Age distribution > Total dependency ratio: Percentage of dependant persons out of total population aged 15-64. A dependant person is a person aged 0-14 and those over 65 years old.
Geography > Surface area > Sq. km: Surface area is a country's total area, including areas under inland bodies of water and some coastal waterways.
People > Population growth rate: The average annual percent change in the population, resulting from a surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths and the balance of migrants entering and leaving a country. The rate may be positive or negative. The growth rate is a factor in determining how great a burden would be imposed on a country by the changing needs of its people for infrastructure (e.g., schools, hospitals, housing, roads), resources (e.g., food, water, electricity), and jobs. Rapid population growth can be seen as threatening by neighboring countries.
Geography > Area > Land > Per capita: Total land area in square kilometres Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Agriculture > Agricultural land > Sq. km: Agricultural land (sq. km). Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.
Health > Life expectancy at birth, total > Years: Life expectancy at birth, total (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Energy > Electric power consumption > KWh per capita: Electric power consumption (kWh per capita). Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.
Military > Personnel > Per capita: Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if the training, organization, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Agriculture > Arable land > Hectares per capita: Arable land (hectares per person). Arable land (hectares per person) includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.
Agriculture > Agricultural growth: Index of agricultural production in 1996 - 98 (1989 - 91 = 100)
Economy > Debt > Government debt > Public debt, share of GDP: Public debt as % of GDP (CIA).
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Language > Languages: A rank ordering of languages starting with the largest and sometimes includes the percent of total population speaking that language.
Transport > Road network length > Km: Length of road network in kilometers in European Union countries.
Economy > GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Services: This entry is derived from Economy > GDP > Composition, by sector of origin, which shows where production takes place in an economy. The distribution gives the percentage contribution of agriculture, industry, and services to total GDP, and will total 100 percent of GDP if the data are complete. Agriculture includes farming, fishing, and forestry. Industry includes mining, manufacturing, energy production, and construction. Services cover government activities, communications, transportation, finance, and all other private economic activities that do not produce material goods.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Total: Number of people aged 15-24.
Economy > Exports per capita: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise exports on an f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Geography > Average precipitation in depth > Mm per year: Average precipitation in depth (mm per year). Average precipitation is the long-term average in depth (over space and time) of annual precipitation in the country. Precipitation is defined as any kind of water that falls from clouds as a liquid or a solid.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 60 and older.
Government > Administrative divisions: This entry generally gives the numbers, designatory terms, and first-order administrative divisions as approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN). Changes that have been reported but not yet acted on by BGN are noted.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 15-64 > Total: Number of people aged 15-64.
Education > Literacy > Total population: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Total: Number of people aged 0-4.
People > Obesity > Adult obesity rate: This entry gives the percent of a country's population considered to be obese. Obesity is defined as an adult having a Body Mass Index (BMI) greater to or equal to 30.0. BMI is calculated by taking a person's weight in kg and dividing it by the person's squared height in meters.
Religion > Religions > All: This entry includes a rank ordering of religions by adherents starting with the largest group and sometimes includes the percent of total population.
Education > Primary education, duration > Years: Primary education, duration (years). Duration of primary is the number of grades (years) in primary education.
Military > Global Peace Index: The Global Peace Index is comprised of 22 indicators in the three categories ongoing domestic or international conflicts; societal safety; and security and militarization. A low index value indicates a peaceful and safe country.
Education > Secondary education, duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years). Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (years) in secondary education (ISCED 2 & 3).
Energy > Electric power consumption > KWh: Electric power consumption (kWh). Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.
Media > Televisions per 1000: The total number of televisions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Health > Births and maternity > Future births: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Energy > Oil > Consumption > Per capita: This entry is the total oil consumed in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 15-59: Percentage of total pouplation aged 15-59.
People > Population in 2015: (Thousands) Medium-variant projections.
Health > Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth: Average age of mother at first childbirth.
Geography > Terrain: A brief description of the topography
Health > Life expectancy at birth > Total population: The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Military > Paramilitary personnel: Paramilitary.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Military > Service age and obligation: This entry gives the required ages for voluntary or conscript military service and the length of sevice obligation.
Geography > Location: The country's regional location, neighboring countries, and adjacent bodies of water.
People > Urban and rural > Population living in cities proper: Each city population by sex, city and city type.
Labor > Labor force > By occupation: Component parts of the labor force by occupation.
People > Death rate, crude > Per 1,000 people: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people). Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.
Health > Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people: Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the population growth rate in the absence of migration.
Conflict > Terrorism > Global Terrorism Index: Score on Global Terrorism Index. A high value indicates that a country is affected by many terrorist incidents with a strong impact in terms of fatalities, injuries and damaged property.
Military > WMD > Nuclear: A description of the nation's situation with regards to the possession and manufacture of nuclear weapons
Government > Executive branch > Head of government: Head of government includes the name and title of the top administrative leader who is designated to manage the day-to-day activities of the government. For example, in the UK, the monarch is the chief of state, and the prime minister is the head of government. In the US, the president is both the chief of state and the head of government.
Geography > Coastline: The total length of the boundary between the land area (including islands) and the sea.
Labor > Labor force: The total labor force figure
Environment > Current issues: This entry lists the most pressing and important environmental problems. The following terms and abbreviations are used throughout the entry:
Energy > Oil > Consumption: This entry is the total oil consumed in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors.
Health > Life expectancy at birth, female > Years: Life expectancy at birth, female (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Health > Life expectancy > Men: Life expectancy for men.
Military > Navy > Submarines: Number of patrol boats (includes minesweepers).
Media > Television > List of TV stations: List of TV stations.
Energy > Oil > Production > Per capita: This entry is the total oil produced in barrels per day (bbl/day). The discrepancy between the amount of oil produced and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is due to the omission of stock changes, refinery gains, and other complicating factors. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Military > WMD > Missile: A description of the nation's situation with regards to the possession and manufacture of missile weapons of mass destruction
People > Total fertility rate: The average number of children that would be born per woman if all women lived to the end of their child-bearing years and bore children according to a given fertility rate at each age. The total fertility rate is a more direct measure of the level of fertility than the crude birth rate, since it refers to births per woman. This indicator shows the potential for population growth in the country. High rates will also place some limits on the labor force participation rates for women. Large numbers of children born to women indicate large family sizes that might limit the ability of the families to feed and educate their children.
Health > Life expectancy at birth, male > Years: Life expectancy at birth, male (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 65 and older.
Media > Television receivers > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Government > Executive branch > Chief of state: The name and title of any person or role roughly equivalent to a U.S. Chief of State. This means the titular leader of the country who represents the state at official and ceremonial functions but may not be involved with the day-to-day activities of the government
Agriculture > Grains > Rice > Consumption: Figures for 2003/2004
Media > Telecoms > Mobile cellular subscriptions > Per 100 people: Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people). Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service using cellular technology, which provide access to the public switched telephone network. Post-paid and prepaid subscriptions are included.
Economy > GDP > Purchasing power parity: This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates is the sum value of all goods and services produced in the country valued at prices prevailing in the United States. This is the measure most economists prefer when looking at per-capita welfare and when comparing living conditions or use of resources across countries. The measure is difficult to compute, as a US dollar value has to be assigned to all goods and services in the country regardless of whether these goods and services have a direct equivalent in the United States (for example, the value of an ox-cart or non-US military equipment); as a result, PPP estimates for some countries are based on a small and sometimes different set of goods and services. In addition, many countries do not formally participate in the World Bank's PPP project that calculates these measures, so the resulting GDP estimates for these countries may lack precision. For many developing countries, PPP-based GDP measures are multiples of the official exchange rate (OER) measure. The difference between the OER- and PPP-denominated GDP values for most of the weathly industrialized countries are generally much smaller.
Government > Capital city > Name: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
Government > Capital city > Geographic coordinates: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
Culture > Sexuality > Homosexuality > Legality of homosexual acts: Same-sex sexual activity.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.

No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Environment > Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > Million metric tons: CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (million metric tons). CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production is the sum of three IEA categories of CO2 emissions: (1) Main Activity Producer Electricity and Heat which contains the sum of emissions from main activity producer electricity generation, combined heat and power generation and heat plants. Main activity producers (formerly known as public utilities) are defined as those undertakings whose primary activity is to supply the public. They may be publicly or privately owned. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 1 a. For the CO2 emissions from fuel combustion (summary) file, emissions from own on-site use of fuel in power plants (EPOWERPLT) are also included. (2) Unallocated Autoproducers which contains the emissions from the generation of electricity and/or heat by autoproducers. Autoproducers are defined as undertakings that generate electricity and/or heat, wholly or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, these emissions would normally be distributed between industry, transport and "other" sectors. (3) Other Energy Industries contains emissions from fuel combusted in petroleum refineries, for the manufacture of solid fuels, coal mining, oil and gas extraction and other energy-producing industries. This corresponds to the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 1 b and 1 A 1 c. According to the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, emissions from coke inputs to blast furnaces can either be counted here or in the Industrial Processes source/sink category. Within detailed sectoral calculations, certain non-energy processes can be distinguished. In the reduction of iron in a blast furnace through the combustion of coke, the primary purpose of the coke oxidation is to produce pig iron and the emissions can be considered as an industrial process. Care must be taken not to double count these emissions in both Energy and Industrial Processes. In the IEA estimations, these emissions have been included in this category.
Government > International organization participation: This entry lists in alphabetical order by abbreviation those international organizations in which the subject country is a member or participates in some other way.
People > Age dependency ratio > Dependents to working-age population: Age dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents--people younger than 15 or older than 64--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. For example, 0.7 means there are 7 dependents for every 10 working-age people.
Religion > Major religion(s): Country major religions.
Geography > Area > Water: Total water area in square kilometers
People > Age structure > 0-14 years: The distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Military > Military service age and obligation: This entry gives the required ages for voluntary or conscript military service and the length of service obligation.
Transport > Airports: Total number of airports. Runways must be useable, but may be unpaved. May not have facilities for refuelling, maintenance, or air traffic control.
Military > Navy > Aircraft carriers: Number of aircraft carriers.
Geography > Area > Comparative to US places: This entry provides an area comparison based on total area equivalents. Most entities are compared with the entire US or one of the 50 states based on area measurements (1990 revised) provided by the US Bureau of the Census. The smaller entities are compared with Washington, DC (178 sq km, 69 sq mi) or The Mall in Washington, DC (0.59 sq km, 0.23 sq mi, 146 acres).
Crime > Punishment > Maximum length of sentence: Maximum length of sentence (under life).
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Language > Major language(s): Country major languages.
People > Gender > Male population: Total male population.
Energy > Electricity production > KWh: Electricity production (kWh). Electricity production is measured at the terminals of all alternator sets in a station. In addition to hydropower, coal, oil, gas, and nuclear power generation, it covers generation by geothermal, solar, wind, and tide and wave energy, as well as that from combustible renewables and waste. Production includes the output of electricity plants that are designed to produce electricity only as well as that of combined heat and power plants.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Total: Number of people aged 60 and older.
Media > News Agencies > List of news agencies: List of news agencies.
Industry > Gross value added by construction: Gross Value Added by Kind of Economic Activity at current prices - US dollars.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 15-64: Percentage of total population aged 15-64.
Economy > Fiscal year: The beginning and ending months for a country's accounting period of 12 months, which often is the calendar year but which may begin in any month. All yearly references are for the calendar year (CY) unless indicated as a noncalendar fiscal year (FY).
Background > Overview: A geopolitical overview of every sovereign country in the world, briefly examining their recent history and place on the global stage. The texts are taken from the BBC News website.
Energy > Energy use > Kg of oil equivalent per capita: Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita). Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.
People > Age structure > 65 years and over: The distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest."
Economy > GDP > Composition by sector > Industry: The gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods produced by the industrial sector within a nation in a given year. GDP dollar estimates in the Factbook are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. See the CIA World Factbook for more information.
Geography > Population density > People per sq. km: Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.
Media > Internet > Fixed broadband Internet subscribers per 1000: Fixed broadband Internet subscribers. Fixed broadband Internet subscribers are the number of broadband subscribers with a digital subscriber line, cable modem, or other high-speed technology. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
People > Nationality > Noun: The noun which identifies citizens of the nation
Health > Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cancer out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cancer rate, but rather how fatal cancer is in each country.
Economy > Imports per capita: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Transport > Waterways: The total length and individual names of navigable rivers, canals, and other inland bodies of water.
Education > Literacy > Female: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Labor > Labor force, total: Labor force, total. Total labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who meet the International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes both the employed and the unemployed. While national practices vary in the treatment of such groups as the armed forces and seasonal or part-time workers, in general the labor force includes the armed forces, the unemployed, and first-time job-seekers, but excludes homemakers and other unpaid caregivers and workers in the informal sector.
Health > Infant mortality rate > Total: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
People > Age distribution > Elderly dependency ratio: Percentage of dependant adults out of total population aged 15-64. A dependant adult is an adult aged 65 and older.
Geography > Elevation extremes > Highest point: Highest point above sea level
Agriculture > Products: Major agricultural crops and products
Media > Internet > Internet users > Per 100 people: Internet users (per 100 people). Internet users are people with access to the worldwide network.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 0-4.
People > Physicians density: This entry gives the number of medical doctors (physicians), including generalist and specialist medical practitioners, per 1,000 of the population. Medical doctors are defined as doctors that study, diagnose, treat, and prevent illness, disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in humans through the application of modern medicine. They also plan, supervise, and evaluate care and treatment plans by other health care providers. The World Health Organization estimates that fewer than 2.3 health workers (physicians, nurses, and midwives only) per 1,000 would be insufficient to achieve coverage of primary healthcare needs.
Agriculture > Arable land > Hectares per 1000: Arable land (in hectares) includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Military > Military branches: This entry lists the service branches subordinate to defense ministries or the equivalent (typically ground, naval, air, and marine forces).
Economy > GDP > Per capita > PPP per thousand people: This entry shows GDP on a purchasing power parity basis divided by population as of 1 July for the same year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Energy > Electricity > Installed generating capacity per thousand people: This entry is the total capacity of currently installed generators, expressed in kilowatts (kW), to produce electricity. A 10-kilowatt (kW) generator will produce 10 kilowatt hours (kWh) of electricity, if it runs continuously for one hour. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Total: Number of people 65 years old and older.
Economy > Exports > Commodities: This entry provides a listing of the highest-valued exported products; it sometimes includes the percent of total dollar value.
Energy > Electricity > Consumption per capita: Total electricity consumed annually plus imports and minus exports, expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Energy > Gasoline > Pump price for gasoline > US$ per liter: Pump price for gasoline (US$ per liter). Fuel prices refer to the pump prices of the most widely sold grade of gasoline. Prices have been converted from the local currency to U.S. dollars.
Religion > Christianity > Percent Christian: Percentage of population that is Christian.
Agriculture > Produce > Crop > Production index: Crop production index shows agricultural production for each year relative to the base period 1999-2001. It includes all crops except fodder crops. Regional and income group aggregates for the FAO's production indexes are calculated from the underlying values in international dollars, normalized to the base period 1999-2001.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 15-59 > Total: Number of people aged 15-59.
Industry > Gross value added by manufacturing: Gross Value Added by Kind of Economic Activity at current prices - US dollars.
Crime > Punishment > Crimes possibly attracting life sentence: Possible other sentence.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Labor > Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture: This entry lists the percentage distribution of the labor force by occupation. The distribution will total less than 100 percent if the data are incomplete.
Religion > Seventh-day Adventist Membership: This entry lists Seventh-day Adventist membership worldwide as of 2004. Membership is defined as baptised and active.
Energy > Electricity > Production: The annual electricity generated expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution.
Government > Country name > Conventional long form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
Transport > Highways > Total > Per capita: total length of the highway system Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Total: Number of people aged 80 years and older.
People > Cities > Urban population: Total population living in urban areas. The defition of an urban area differs for each country. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Geography > Land use > Arable land: The percentage of used land that is arable. Arable land is land cultivated for crops that are replanted after each harvest like wheat, maize, and rice
Industry > CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction > Million metric tons: CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction (million metric tons). CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction contains the emissions from combustion of fuels in industry. The IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 2 includes these emissions. However, in the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, the IPCC category also includes emissions from industry autoproducers that generate electricity and/or heat. The IEA data are not collected in a way that allows the energy consumption to be split by specific end-use and therefore, autoproducers are shown as a separate item (Unallocated Autoproducers). Manufacturing industries and construction also includes emissions from coke inputs into blast furnaces, which may be reported either in the transformation sector, the industry sector or the separate IPCC Source/Sink Category 2, Industrial Processes.
Culture > World Heritage Sites: Cultural sites.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Economy > Imports: This entry provides the total US dollar amount of merchandise imports on a c.i.f. (cost, insurance, and freight) or f.o.b. (free on board) basis. These figures are calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms.
People > Nationality > Adjective: This entry is derived from People > Nationality, which provides the identifying terms for citizens - noun and adjective.
Agriculture > Produce > Food > Production index: Food production index covers food crops that are considered edible and that contain nutrients. Coffee and tea are excluded because, although edible, they have no nutritive value.
Media > Radio broadcast stations: The total number of AM, FM, and shortwave broadcast stations.
Health > Deaths > Percent deaths registered: Civil registration coverage of deaths (%).
People > Sex ratio > Total population: The number of males for each female one of five age groups - at birth, under 15 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over, and for the total population. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons. This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 5-14 > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 5-14.
Health > Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman: Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates.
Government > Executive branch > Elections: Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election
Health > Infant mortality rate: The number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country
Military > Expenditures > Percent of GDP: Current military expenditures as an estimated percent of gross domestic product (GDP).
Economy > Budget > Expenditures: Expenditures calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms
People > Sex ratio > At birth: The number of males for each female one of five age groups - at birth, under 15 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over, and for the total population. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons. This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners.
Energy > Crude oil > Production: This entry is the total amount of crude oil produced, in barrels per day (bbl/day).
Background > National tree: Name of tree.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Economy > Budget > Revenues > Per capita: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Transport > Rail > Railway length: Railway length in kilometers.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 80 and older.
Education > Child care (preschool) > Duration: Number of years students study at the pre-primary (preschool) level. It should be noted that not all countries require pre-primary education.
Environment > CO2 Emissions per 1000: CO2: Total Emissions (excluding land-use) Units: thousand metric tonnes of carbon dioxide. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Media > Fixed line and mobile phone subscribers > Per 1,000 people: Fixed lines are telephone mainlines connecting a customer's equipment to the public switched telephone network. Mobile phone subscribers refer to users of portable telephones subscribing to an automatic public mobile telephone service using cellular technology that provides access to the public switched telephone network.
Government > National symbol(s): A national symbol is a faunal, floral, or other abstract representation - or some distinctive object - that over time has come to be closely identified with a country or entity. Not all countries have national symbols; a few countries have more than one.
Industry > Gross value added by construction per capita: Gross Value Added by Kind of Economic Activity at current prices - US dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Geography > Irrigated land: The number of square kilometers of land area that is artificially supplied with water.
Energy > Electricity production from renewable sources > KWh: Electricity production from renewable sources (kWh). Electricity production from renewable sources includes hydropower, geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.
Culture > Smoking > Cigarettes per adult per year: This list compares the average annual consumption of cigarettes per adult in countries around the world. Ten european countries top the list, all located at the East of the continent, with the exception of Greece. Developed asian countries like China, South Korea and Japan also register high cigarette consumption, while Africa hosts the countries with less consumption.
Media > Telecoms > Telephone lines per 1000: Telephone lines. Telephone lines are fixed telephone lines that connect a subscriber's terminal equipment to the public switched telephone network and that have a port on a telephone exchange. Integrated services digital network channels ands fixed wireless subscribers are included. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Health > Life expectancy > Women: Life expectancy for women.
Economy > Exports > Main exports: Country main exports.
Geography > Natural hazards: Potential natural disasters.
Government > Flag description: A written flag description produced from actual flags or the best information available at the time the entry was written. The flags of independent states are used by their dependencies unless there is an officially recognized local flag. Some disputed and other areas do not have flags.
Economy > Budget > Revenues per capita: Revenues calculated on an exchange rate basis, i.e., not in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Geography > Rural population density > Rural population per sq. km of arable land: Rural population density is the rural population divided by the arable land area. Rural population is calculated as the difference between the total population and the urban population. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.
Geography > Maritime claims > Territorial sea: territorial sea - the sovereignty of a coastal State extends beyond its land territory and internal waters to an adjacent belt of sea, described as the territorial sea in the LOS Convention (Part II); this sovereignty extends to the air space over the territorial sea as well as its underlying seabed and subsoil; every State has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles. A full and definitive definition can be found in the Law of the Sea (LOS) Convention.
Economy > Debt > External: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services.
Media > Televisions: The total number of televisions
Agriculture > Agricultural machinery > Tractors > Per capita: Agricultural machinery refers to the number of wheel and crawler tractors (excluding garden tractors) in use in agriculture at the end of the calendar year specified or during the first quarter of the following year. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Media > Telephones > Main lines in use > Per capita: The total number of main telephone lines in use. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Economy > Debt > External > Per capita: Total public and private debt owed to non-residents repayable in foreign currency, goods, or services. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Economy > GDP > Composition by sector > Services: The gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final services produced within a nation in a given year. GDP dollar estimates in the Factbook are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations. See the CIA World Factbook for more information.
Energy > Electricity > Production > Per capita: The annual electricity generated expressed in kilowatt-hours. The discrepancy between the amount of electricity generated and/or imported and the amount consumed and/or exported is accounted for as loss in transmission and distribution. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Geography > Area > Land per 1000: Total land area in square kilometres. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.

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STAT	Japan	North Korea
Crime > Violent crime > Gun crime > Guns per 100 residents	0.6 Ranked 158th. The same as North Korea	0.6 Ranked 156th.
Crime > Violent crime > Murder rate	506 Ranked 45th.	3,658 Ranked 29th. 7 times more than Japan
Crime > Violent crime > Murder rate per million people	3.97 Ranked 111th.	150.88 Ranked 45th. 38 times more than Japan
Economy > Budget surplus > + or deficit > -	-10% of GDP Ranked 171st. 25 times more than North Korea	-0.4% of GDP Ranked 2nd.
Geography > Area > Comparative	slightly smaller than California	slightly smaller than Mississippi
Geography > Area > Land	374,744 sq km Ranked 60th. 3 times more than North Korea	120,410 sq km Ranked 97th.
Geography > Climate	varies from tropical in south to cool temperate in north	temperate with rainfall concentrated in summer
Geography > Land area > Square miles	145,894 square miles Ranked 24th. 3 times more than North Korea	47,399 square miles Ranked 42nd.
Government > Government type	a parliamentary government with a constitutional monarchy	Communist state one-man dictatorship
Government > Legal system	civil law system based on German model; system also reflects Anglo-American influence and Japanese traditions; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court	civil law system based on the Prussian model; system influenced by Japanese traditions and Communist legal theory
Health > Births and maternity > Total fertility rate	1.85% Ranked 118th.	1.87% Ranked 88th. 1% more than Japan
Health > Physicians > Per 1,000 people	2 per 1,000 people Ranked 37th.	3.29 per 1,000 people Ranked 18th. 65% more than Japan
Military > Air force > Combat aircraft	374 Ranked 6th.	661 Ranked 4th. 77% more than Japan
People > Age distribution > Population aged 0-14	13.58% Ranked 183th.	15.47% Ranked 102nd. 14% more than Japan
People > Population	127.25 million Ranked 10th. 5 times more than North Korea	24.72 million Ranked 49th.
Government > Legislative branch	bicameral Diet or Kokkai consists of the House of Councillors or Sangi-in (242 seats - members elected for fixed six-year terms; half reelected every three years; 146 members in multi-seat constituencies and 96 by proportional representation) and the House of Representatives or Shugi-in (480 seats - members elected for maximum four-year terms; 300 in single-seat constituencies; 180 members by proportional representation in 11 regional blocs); the prime minister has the right to dissolve the House of Representatives at any time with the concurrence of the cabinet	unicameral Supreme People's Assembly or Ch'oego Inmin Hoeui
Geography > Geographic coordinates	36 00 N, 138 00 E	40 00 N, 127 00 E
Religion > Religions	observe both Shinto and Buddhist 84%, other 16% (including Christian 0.7%)	traditionally Buddhist and Confucianist, some Christian and syncretic Chondogyo (Religion of the Heavenly Way)
People > Population > Population growth, past and future	-0.339 Ranked 167th. 56% more than North Korea	-0.218 Ranked 133th.
Military > Army > Main battle tanks	902 Ranked 7th.	3,500 Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Japan
Environment > Marine fish catch	3.96 million tons Ranked 4th. 24 times more than North Korea	164,900 tons Ranked 46th.
People > Ethnic groups	Japanese 98.5%, Koreans 0.5%, Chinese 0.4%, other 0.6%	racially homogeneous; there is a small Chinese community and a few ethnic Japanese
Government > Suffrage	20 years of age; universal	17 years of age; universal
Geography > Area > Total	377,915 sq km Ranked 63th. 3 times more than North Korea	120,538 sq km Ranked 100th.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Percent	9.47% Ranked 185th.	10.92% Ranked 90th. 15% more than Japan
Government > Constitution	previous 1890; latest approved 6 October 1946, adopted 3 November 1946, effective 3 May 1947	previous 1948, 1972 (revised several times); latest adopted 1998 (during KIM Jong Il era); revised 2009, 2012
Agriculture > Arable land > Hectares	4.36 million hectares Ranked 24th. 56% more than North Korea	2.8 million hectares Ranked 30th.
Labor > Salaries and benefits > Minimum wage	Ranges from 664 Japanese yen ($8.17) to 869 yen ($10.65) per hour; set on a prefectural and industry basis.	Averaging 5,000 - 10,000 North Korean won per day. roughly 2000 North Korean won is 1 US Dollar.
Government > Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the monarch after designation by the cabinet; all other justices are appointed by the cabinet)	Central Court (judges are elected by the Supreme People's Assembly)
Transport > Road > Motor vehicles per 1000 people	591 Ranked 17th. 54 times more than North Korea	11 Ranked 168th.
Economy > GDP > Purchasing power parity per capita	$34,036.75 Ranked 23th. 21 times more than North Korea	$1,641.24 Ranked 3rd.
People > Birth rate	8.23 births/1,000 population Ranked 219th.	14.49 births/1,000 population Ranked 138th. 76% more than Japan
People > Population growth	-0.339% Ranked 167th. 56% more than North Korea	-0.218% Ranked 133th.
Economy > Budget > Revenues	$1.99 trillion Ranked 2nd. 621 times more than North Korea	$3.20 billion Ranked 122nd.
People > Age distribution > Median age	51.76 years Ranked 8th. 13% more than North Korea	45.84 years Ranked 101st.
Economy > GDP > Per capita > PPP	$35,900.00 Ranked 22nd. 20 times more than North Korea	$1,800.00 Ranked 163th.
Crime > Justice system > Punishment > Capital punishment (last execution year)	2,013 Ranked 13th. The same as North Korea	2,013 Ranked 15th.
Government > Political parties and leaders	Democratic Party of Japan or DPJ [Banri KAIEDA]<br />Japan Communist Party or JCP [Kazuo SHII]<br />Japan Restoration Party or JRP [Shintaro ISHIHARA]<br />Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Shinzo ABE]<br />New Komeito or NK [Natsuo YAMAGUCHI]<br />People's Life Party or PF [Ichiro OZAWA]<br />Social Democratic Party or SDP [Mizuho FUKUSHIMA]<br />Tomorrow Party of Japan or TPJ [Tomoko ABE]<br />Your Party or YP [Yoshimi WATANABE]	<strong>major party: </strong><br />Korean Workers' Party or KWP [KIM Jong Un]<br /><br /><strong>minor parties:</strong><br />Chondoist Chongu Party [RYU Mi Yong] (under KWP control)<br />Social Democratic Party [KIM Yong Dae] (under KWP control)
Economy > Economy > Overview	In the years following World War II, government-industry cooperation, a strong work ethic, mastery of high technology, and a comparatively small defense allocation (1% of GDP) helped Japan develop a technologically advanced economy. Two notable characteristics of the post-war economy were the close interlocking structures of manufacturers, suppliers, and distributors, known as keiretsu, and the guarantee of lifetime employment for a substantial portion of the urban labor force. Both features are now eroding under the dual pressures of global competition and domestic demographic change. Japan's industrial sector is heavily dependent on imported raw materials and fuels. A small agricultural sector is highly subsidized and protected, with crop yields among the highest in the world. While self-sufficient in rice production, Japan imports about 60% of its food on a caloric basis. For three decades, overall real economic growth had been spectacular - a 10% average in the 1960s, a 5% average in the 1970s, and a 4% average in the 1980s. Growth slowed markedly in the 1990s, averaging just 1.7%, largely because of the after effects of inefficient investment and an asset price bubble in the late 1980s that required a protracted period of time for firms to reduce excess debt, capital, and labor. Modest economic growth continued after 2000, but the economy has fallen into recession three times since 2008. A sharp downturn in business investment and global demand for Japan's exports in late 2008 pushed Japan into recession. Government stimulus spending helped the economy recover in late 2009 and 2010, but the economy contracted again in 2011 as the massive 9.0 magnitude earthquake and the ensuing tsunami in March disrupted manufacturing. The economy has largely recovered in the two years since the disaster, but reconstruction in the Tohoku region has been uneven. Newly-elected Prime Minister Shinzo ABE has declared the economy his government's top priority; he has pledged to reconsider his predecessor's plan to permanently close nuclear power plants and is pursuing an economic revitalization agenda of fiscal stimulus and regulatory reform and has said he will press the Bank of Japan to loosen monetary policy. Measured on a purchasing power parity (PPP) basis that adjusts for price differences, Japan in 2012 stood as the fourth-largest economy in the world after second-place China, which surpassed Japan in 2001, and third-place India, which edged out Japan in 2012. The new government will continue a longstanding debate on restructuring the economy and reining in Japan's huge government debt, which exceeds 200% of GDP. Persistent deflation, reliance on exports to drive growth, and an aging and shrinking population are other major long-term challenges for the economy.	North Korea, one of the world's most centrally directed and least open economies, faces chronic economic problems. Industrial capital stock is nearly beyond repair as a result of years of underinvestment, shortages of spare parts, and poor maintenance. Large-scale military spending draws off resources needed for investment and civilian consumption. Industrial and power output have stagnated for years at a fraction of pre-1990 levels. Frequent weather-related crop failures aggravated chronic food shortages caused by on-going systemic problems, including a lack of arable land, collective farming practices, poor soil quality, insufficient fertilization, and persistent shortages of tractors and fuel. Large-scale international food aid deliveries as well as aid from China has allowed the people of North Korea to escape widespread starvation since famine threatened in 1995, but the population continues to suffer from prolonged malnutrition and poor living conditions. Since 2002, the government has allowed private "farmers' markets" to begin selling a wider range of goods. It also permitted some private farming - on an experimental basis - in an effort to boost agricultural output. In December 2009, North Korea carried out a redenomination of its currency, capping the amount of North Korean won that could be exchanged for the new notes, and limiting the exchange to a one-week window. A concurrent crackdown on markets and foreign currency use yielded severe shortages and inflation, forcing Pyongyang to ease the restrictions by February 2010. In response to the sinking of the South Korean destroyer Cheonan and the shelling of Yeonpyeong Island, South Korea's government cut off most aid, trade, and bilateral cooperation activities, with the exception of operations at the Kaesong Industrial Complex. In 2012, KIM Jong Un's first year of leadership, the North displayed increased focus on the economy by renewing its commitment to special economic zones with China, negotiating a new payment structure to settle its $11 billion Soviet-era debt to Russia, and purportedly proposing new agricultural and industrial policies to boost domestic production. The North Korean government often highlights its goal of becoming a "strong and prosperous" nation and attracting foreign investment, a key factor for improving the overall standard of living. Nevertheless, firm political control remains the government's overriding concern, which likely will inhibit fundamental reforms of North Korea's current economic system.
Crime > Violent crime > Murders per million people	3.97 Ranked 111th.	150.88 Ranked 45th. 38 times more than Japan
Economy > Exports	$776.60 billion Ranked 4th. 165 times more than North Korea	$4.71 billion Ranked 116th.
Crime > Violent crime > Murders	506 Ranked 45th.	3,658 Ranked 29th. 7 times more than Japan
Government > Executive branch > Cabinet	Cabinet is appointed by the prime minister	Naegak (cabinet) members, except for Minister of People's Armed Forces, are appointed by SPA
Education > Compulsary education duration	9 Ranked 93th.	11 Ranked 28th. 22% more than Japan
People > Gender > Female population	43.1 million Ranked 28th. 3 times more than North Korea	12.56 million Ranked 70th.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 0-14 > Total	11.47 million Ranked 37th. 3 times more than North Korea	3.87 million Ranked 72nd.
Economy > GDP > Per capita	$33,523.37 per capita Ranked 25th. 20 times more than North Korea	$1,716.61 per capita Ranked 147th.
Agriculture > Rural population	15,225 Ranked 173th.	28,004 Ranked 119th. 84% more than Japan
Energy > Electricity > Consumption > Per capita	7,701.96 kWh per capita Ranked 20th. 10 times more than North Korea	800.71 kWh per capita Ranked 19th.
People > Death rate	9.27 deaths/1,000 population Ranked 60th. 1% more than North Korea	9.15 deaths/1,000 population Ranked 64th.
Environment > Ecological footprint	4.2 Ranked 8th. 2 times more than North Korea	1.92 Ranked 73th.
Government > Political pressure groups and leaders	<strong>other: </strong>business groups; trade unions	none
Geography > Natural resources	negligible mineral resources, fish	coal, lead, tungsten, zinc, graphite, magnesite, iron ore, copper, gold, pyrites, salt, fluorspar, hydropower
Energy > Electricity > Consumption	859.7 billion kWh Ranked 2nd. 49 times more than North Korea	17.62 billion kWh Ranked 48th.
People > Age distribution > Total dependency ratio	97.01% Ranked 5th. 31% more than North Korea	73.92% Ranked 104th.
Geography > Surface area > Sq. km	377,910 kmÂ² Ranked 61st. 3 times more than North Korea	120,540 kmÂ² Ranked 97th.
People > Population growth rate	-0.1% Ranked 203th.	0.53% Ranked 148th.
Geography > Area > Land > Per capita	2.94 sq km per 1,000 people Ranked 190th.	5.13 sq km per 1,000 people Ranked 166th. 74% more than Japan
Agriculture > Agricultural land > Sq. km	45,610 sq. km Ranked 94th. 79% more than North Korea	25,550 sq. km Ranked 111th.
Health > Life expectancy at birth, total > Years	82.59 Ranked 4th. 19% more than North Korea	69.19 Ranked 125th.
Energy > Electric power consumption > KWh per capita	7,847.8 Ranked 21st. 11 times more than North Korea	739.34 Ranked 105th.
Military > Personnel > Per capita	2.13 per 1,000 people Ranked 126th.	57.59 per 1,000 people Ranked 1st. 27 times more than Japan
Agriculture > Arable land > Hectares per capita	0.0333 Ranked 172nd.	0.0934 Ranked 133th. 3 times more than Japan
Agriculture > Agricultural growth	98 Ranked 154th.	0.0 Ranked 147th.
Economy > Debt > Government debt > Public debt, share of GDP	214.3 CIA Ranked 1st. 536 times more than North Korea	0.4 CIA Ranked 153th.
Language > Languages	Japanese	Korean
Transport > Road network length > Km
Economy > GDP > Composition, by sector of origin > Services	72.8% Ranked 34th. 2 times more than North Korea	33.8% Ranked 168th.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Total	8 million Ranked 37th. 3 times more than North Korea	2.73 million Ranked 72nd.
Economy > Exports per capita	$6,088.04 Ranked 44th. 32 times more than North Korea	$191.10 Ranked 163th.
Geography > Average precipitation in depth > Mm per year	1,668 Ranked 47th. 58% more than North Korea	1,054 Ranked 88th.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Percent	41.12% Ranked 7th. 25% more than North Korea	32.91% Ranked 103th.
Government > Administrative divisions	47 prefectures; Aichi, Akita, Aomori, Chiba, Ehime, Fukui, Fukuoka, Fukushima, Gifu, Gunma, Hiroshima, Hokkaido, Hyogo, Ibaraki, Ishikawa, Iwate, Kagawa, Kagoshima, Kanagawa, Kochi, Kumamoto, Kyoto, Mie, Miyagi, Miyazaki, Nagano, Nagasaki, Nara, Niigata, Oita, Okayama, Okinawa, Osaka, Saga, Saitama, Shiga, Shimane, Shizuoka, Tochigi, Tokushima, Tokyo, Tottori, Toyama, Wakayama, Yamagata, Yamaguchi, Yamanashi	9 provinces (do, singular and plural) and 2 municipalities (si, singular and plural)<br /><strong>provinces:</strong> Chagang-do (Chagang), Hamgyong-bukto (North Hamgyong), Hamgyong-namdo (South Hamgyong), Hwanghae-bukto (North Hwanghae), Hwanghae-namdo (South Hwanghae), Kangwon-do (Kangwon), P'yongan-bukto (North P'yongan), P'yongan-namdo (South P'yongan), Yanggang-do (Yanggang)<br /><strong>municipalities:</strong> Nason-si, P'yongyang-si (Pyongyang)
People > Age distribution > Population aged 15-64 > Total	42.88 million Ranked 32nd. 3 times more than North Korea	14.37 million Ranked 70th.
Education > Literacy > Total population	99% Ranked 4th. The same as North Korea	99% Ranked 2nd.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Total	3.76 million Ranked 37th. 3 times more than North Korea	1.26 million Ranked 72nd.
People > Obesity > Adult obesity rate	5% Ranked 154th. 28% more than North Korea	3.9% Ranked 171st.
Religion > Religions > All	observe both Shinto and Buddhist 84%, other 16% (including Christian 0.7%)	traditionally Buddhist and Confucianist, some Christian and syncretic Chondogyo (Religion of the Heavenly Way)
Education > Primary education, duration > Years	6 Ranked 48th. 50% more than North Korea	4 Ranked 178th.
Military > Global Peace Index	1.29 Ranked 28th.	3.04 Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Japan
Education > Secondary education, duration > Years	6 Ranked 97th. The same as North Korea	6 Ranked 86th.
Energy > Electric power consumption > KWh	1 trillion Ranked 4th. 55 times more than North Korea	18.21 billion Ranked 70th.
Media > Televisions per 1000	677.27 Ranked 6th. 13 times more than North Korea	51.17 Ranked 135th.
Health > Births and maternity > Future births	752.78 Ranked 37th. 3 times more than North Korea	254.11 Ranked 72nd.
Energy > Oil > Consumption > Per capita	39.29 bbl/day per 1,000 peopl Ranked 18th. 84 times more than North Korea	0.466 bbl/day per 1,000 peopl Ranked 161st.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 15-59	45.29% Ranked 192nd.	51.62% Ranked 93th. 14% more than Japan
People > Population in 2015	127,993 thousand Ranked 10th. 5 times more than North Korea	23,299 thousand Ranked 52nd.
Health > Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth	30.6 Ranked 13th. 7% more than North Korea	28.7 Ranked 13th.
Geography > Terrain	mostly rugged and mountainous	mostly hills and mountains separated by deep, narrow valleys; coastal plains wide in west, discontinuous in east
Health > Life expectancy at birth > Total population	82.25 years Ranked 5th. 19% more than North Korea	68.89 years Ranked 145th.
Military > Paramilitary personnel	12,250 Ranked 49th.	189,000 Ranked 7th. 15 times more than Japan
Military > Service age and obligation	18 years of age for voluntary military service	17 years of age
Geography > Location	Eastern Asia, island chain between the North Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan, east of the Korean Peninsula	Eastern Asia, northern half of the Korean Peninsula bordering the Korea Bay and the Sea of Japan, between China and South Korea
People > Urban and rural > Population living in cities proper	88.78 million Ranked 1st. 11 times more than North Korea	8.12 million Ranked 9th.
Labor > Labor force > By occupation	agriculture 4.6%, industry 27.8%, services 67.7%	agricultural 36%, nonagricultural 64%
People > Death rate, crude > Per 1,000 people	9.9 Ranked 45th. 8% more than North Korea	9.13 Ranked 67th.
Health > Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people	8.41 per 1,000 people Ranked 178th.	15.17 per 1,000 people Ranked 123th. 80% more than Japan
Conflict > Terrorism > Global Terrorism Index	0.059 Ranked 108th.	0.0 Ranked 117th.
Military > WMD > Nuclear	Japan's "Atomic Energy Basic Law" allows only peaceful nuclear activities, and its "Three Non-Nuclear Principles" pledge that Japan will not possess, produce, or permit the introduction of nuclear weapons into the country. Despite Japan's long-standing stance against nuclear weapons, there was an internal debate in the early 1970s about whether Japan should sign the NPT, in part due to concerns about assuring access to nuclear technology to meet national energy needs, and the discriminatory nature of the treaty. Some conservatives were also concerned that closing off the nuclear option might negatively impact future national security needs. Japan has played an active role in nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament, and has proposed a process for the total elimination of nuclear weapons. Japan ratified the CTBT in 1997 and has been a strong supporter of a Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty (FMCT). However, Japan's security relationship with the United States has tempered Tokyo's emphasis on disarmament. For example, Japan remains quiet about the possible presence of nuclear warheads on U.S. ships and military bases in Japan. Japan increasingly relies on nuclear power for its electricity needs, and has a highly developed civilian nuclear sector. Japan has a controversial program for recycling spent nuclear fuel that has produced large quantities of plutonium in the form of metal-oxide nuclear fuel. At the end of 2001, Japan had more than 30 metric tons of spent fuel stored at reprocessing plants in Britain and France, along with a domestic stockpile of 5 to 6 tons. These nuclear fuel stockpiles will ultimately return to Japan for use in domestic nuclear facilities. The original plan called for consumption of the stored fuel by 2010, but due to technical and safety issues, this timetable has been delayed and return of the stored fuel to Japan is proceeding slowly. Some argue this material could provide Japan with a latent nuclear weapons capability. In addition, the new facility under constructing in Rokkasho (Aomori Prefecture) will increase Japanese domestic reprocessing capacity and potentially produce an additional 5 tons of metal-oxide nuclear fuel per year. Although anti-nuclear sentiment among the Japanese public has far outweighed support for keeping a nuclear option open, several neighboring countries have expressed concerns about possible Japanese nuclear ambitions. Partly in response to these fears, the Japanese government completed an internal study in 1995 that reaffirmed previous conclusions that developing nuclear weapons would damage both Japanâ€™s national security and regional security. However recent tension developing in the region, particularly in the Korean peninsula, has led to increased discussions in Japan about the once taboo subject of nuclear weapons development. Despite recent speculation that Japan may reconsider its nuclear options, the deep aversion to nuclear weapons among the Japanese public will likely make any move in this direction difficult.	On 10 February 2005, a spokesman for the North Korean Foreign Ministry announced that North Korea had manufactured nuclear weapons. On 19 September 2005, the North Korean delegation to the Six-Party Talks in Beijing signed a "Statement of Principles" whereby Pyongyang agreed to abandon all nuclear programs and return to the NPT and IAEA safeguards. However, on the following day a spokesman for the Foreign Ministry declared that the United States would have to provide a light-water reactor to North Korea in order to resolve the lack of trust between the two countries. The sudden announcement raised doubts about the Statement of Principles, but the Six-Parties have agreed to meet again, probably in November 2005. Although North Korea has not conducted a nuclear test, in early May 2005 press reports indicated that US satellite imagery had detected signs that North Korea could be preparing to conduct a test in June. In early April 2005, North Korea shut down its 5MW(e) reactor in YÅngbyÅn-kun and declared that the spent fuel would be extracted to "increase North Korea's nuclear deterrent." North Korea had been operating the reactor since late February 2003, so North Korean technicians should be able to extract enough plutonium from the spent fuel for 1-3 nuclear bombs. North Korea's nuclear infrastructure began with the establishment of a nuclear energy research complex in YÅngbyÅn-kun in 1964. The Soviet Union provided a small research reactor at the site in 1965, and North Korea subsequently expanded the complex and built a number of new facilities, including a large plutonium reprocessing plant (Radiochemistry Laboratory). North Korea signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) in 1985 but did not submit to International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspections until May 1992. Discrepancies between North Korean declarations and IAEA inspection findings indicate that North Korea might have reprocessed enough plutonium for one or two nuclear weapons. According to a December 2001 National Intelligence Council report, the U.S. intelligence community ascertained in the mid-1990s that North Korea had produced one, possibly two, nuclear weapons. In mid-2002, U.S. intelligence discovered that North Korea had been receiving materials from Pakistan for a highly enriched uranium production facility. In October 2002, the U.S. State Department informed North Korea that the U.S. was aware of this program, which is a violation of Pyongyangâ€™s nonproliferation commitments. North Korean officials initially denied the existence of such a program, but then acknowledged it. The U.S. responded by announcing in November 2002 that it would suspend heavy fuel oil shipments being provided under the terms of the Agreed Framework, which had led North Korea to freeze its plutonium production facilities. Pyongyang then declared the following month that it was lifting the freeze on its nuclear program, ostensibly to generate electricity. In late December 2002, North Korean technicians broke seals and disabled cameras that had been installed by the IAEA in order to monitor the freeze. North Korea expelled IAEA inspectors on 31 December 2002, curtailing the Agencyâ€™s capacity to monitor Pyongyangâ€™s nuclear activities. The IAEA has not been able to verify the completeness and correctness of North Koreaâ€™s initial declaration submitted in 1992, and the Agency cannot verify whether fissile material has been diverted to military use. On 10 January 2003, North Korea declared its withdrawal from the NPT. The treaty requires a 90-day waiting period, but Pyongyang claimed the withdrawal was effective immediately because 89 days had transpired in 1993 when North Korea initially announced its intention to withdraw before "suspending its intention to withdraw from the treaty." In late February 2003, North Korea restarted its 5WW(e) reactor, and in March, reports indicated that technicians were active at the Radiochemistry Laboratory, and on 2 October, the North Korean Foreign Ministry declared that the reprocessing of 8,000 spent fuel rods had been completed â€œto increase its nuclear deterrent force.â€ On 12 May 2003, North Korea declared that the "Joint Declaration of the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula" of 20 January 1992 was no longer valid because of "violations by the United States" [Note: the United States was not a signatory]. Estimates vary on how soon North Korea could begin operating a uranium enrichment plant, but Pyongyang probably could not produce significant quantities of weapons-grade HEU until the end of the decade. In April 2003, Egyptian customs officials intercepted 22 tons of aluminum tubing from Germany that would likely have been used for a pilot cascade of about 100-200 gas centrifuges, which indicates North Korea is probably not yet ready to begin operation of a large-scale plant. North Korea has reportedly established a facility to produce UF6 at the YÅngbyÅn nuclear complex, which gives Pyongyang the capability to produce the stock of uranium hexafluoride (UF6) gas to feed the cascades of centrifuges in a large-scale plant.
Government > Executive branch > Head of government	Prime Minister Shinzo ABE (since 26 December 2012); Deputy Prime Minister Taro ASO (since 26 December 2012)	Premier PAK Pong-ju (since 2 April 2013); Vice Premiers: HAN Kwang Bok (since 7 June 2010), JO Pyong Ju (since 7 June 2010), JON Ha Chol (since 7 June 2010), KANG Nung Su (since 7 June 2010), KANG Sok Ju (since 23 September 2010), KIM In Sik (since 13 April 2012), KIM Rak Hui (since 7 June 2010), KIM Yong Jin (since 6 January 2012), PAK Su Gil (since 18 September 2009), RI Chol Man (since 13 April 2012), RI Mu Yong (since 31 May 2011), RI Sung Ho (since 13 April 2012), RO Tu Chol (since 3 September 2003)
Geography > Coastline	29,751 km Ranked 6th. 12 times more than North Korea	2,495 km Ranked 48th.
Labor > Labor force	65.7 million Ranked 9th. 5 times more than North Korea	12.2 million Ranked 2nd.
Environment > Current issues	air pollution from power plant emissions results in acid rain; acidification of lakes and reservoirs degrading water quality and threatening aquatic life; Japan is one of the largest consumers of fish and tropical timber, contributing to the depletion of these resources in Asia and elsewhere	water pollution; inadequate supplies of potable water; waterborne disease; deforestation; soil erosion and degradation
Energy > Oil > Consumption	4.36 million bbl/day Ranked 4th. 273 times more than North Korea	16,000 bbl/day Ranked 121st.
Health > Life expectancy at birth, female > Years	85.9 Ranked 3rd. 18% more than North Korea	72.75 Ranked 122nd.
Health > Life expectancy > Men	80 years Ranked 4th. 21% more than North Korea	66 years Ranked 77th.
Military > Navy > Submarines	16 Ranked 3rd.	70 Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Japan
Media > Television > List of TV stations	<p>NHK - public, operates the General TV, Educational TV channels. NHK also runs HD satellite channels BS1 and BS Premium. NHK World is the organisation's international English-language channel.</p> </p>TV Asahi - national commercial network</p> </p>Fuji TV - national commercial network</p> <br> <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-15217593">Full Article</a>	<p>Korean Central Broadcasting Station - radio station of Korean Workers' Party</p> </p>Korean Central TV - TV station of Korean Workers' Party</p> </p>Mansudae TV - cultural station</p> <br> <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-15259016">Full Article</a>
Energy > Oil > Production > Per capita	1.02 bbl/day per 1,000 peopl Ranked 79th. 170 times more than North Korea	0.006 bbl/day per 1,000 peopl Ranked 107th.
Military > WMD > Missile	Japan does not have a ballistic missile development program, but its space program includes a number of technologies that could potentially be adapted to long-range missiles. The solid-fueled M-5 rocket system, first launched in 1995, includes technologies that could be adapted to develop intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) capabilities roughly similar to those of the U.S. MX Peacekeeper missile. Japan's two-stage H-2 rocket is capable of placing a two-ton payload into orbit, but the H-2 is not optimal for ballistic missile applications due to its reliance on cryogenic liquid hydrogen and oxygen fuel. Japan lacks sophisticated command and control systems, as well as some guidance and warhead technology that would be necessary to develop operational missiles. Japan has partnered with the United States to research ballistic missile defenses (BMD), but has yet to make a final decision on future development and deployment. Many in Japan argue that a missile defense system would compliment the U.S. nuclear deterrent and defend against possible belligerents such as North Korea. Others argue that the system's costs outweigh the benefits, especially since the system's effectiveness is unproven. Missile defense also raises potential legal issues regarding Japanese legislation barring the military use of space. Japan is an active member of the MTCR and was involved in drafting the International Code of Conduct Against Ballistic Missile Proliferation (ICOC).	North Korea began its missile development program in the 1970s and tested an "indigenous" Scud-B ballistic missile in April 1984. Pyongyang subsequently produced the 500km-range Scud-C, the 800km-range Scud-D, and a 1300km-range missile known as the Nodong. In August 1998, North Korea flight-tested the Paektusan-1 (Taepodong-1) in a failed attempt to place a small satellite into earth orbit. North Korea is continuing to develop the so-called â€œTaepodong-2,â€ which is estimated to have intercontinental range. The Taepodong-2 has not been flight-tested, but U.S. intelligence analysts believe it could be ready for testing at any time. Pyongyang has deployed as many as 600-750 ballistic missiles, including about 175-200 Nodongs. In December 2002, Spanish and American naval forces intercepted a North Korean ship loaded with Scud missiles, but then allowed the ship to proceed to deliver the missiles to Yemen. There were rumors in 2003 of Burmese plans to purchase ballistic missiles from North Korea, but it is unclear whether any transactions have been completed. In late January 2004, North Korea and Nigeria reportedly agreed to a missile deal, but Nigeria backed out of the agreement in early February under U.S. pressure. North Korea has exported missiles, missile components, and technology to Egypt, Iran, Libya, Pakistan, Syria, and Yemen. In September 1999, Pyongyang agreed to a moratorium on missile flight tests and later announced that it would maintain the moratorium until at least 2003. North Korea is not a member of the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR).
People > Total fertility rate	1.39 children born/woman Ranked 203th.	1.99 children born/woman Ranked 127th. 43% more than Japan
Health > Life expectancy at birth, male > Years	79.44 Ranked 11th. 21% more than North Korea	65.8 Ranked 128th.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Percent	35.66% Ranked 5th. 32% more than North Korea	27.03% Ranked 101st.
Media > Television receivers > Per capita	686.01 per 1,000 people Ranked 6th. 12 times more than North Korea	56.24 per 1,000 people Ranked 119th.
Government > Executive branch > Chief of state	Emperor AKIHITO (since 7 January 1989)	KIM Jong Un (since 17 December 2011)(SPA) reelected KIM Yong Nam in 2009 president of its Presidium with responsibility of representing state and receiving diplomatic credentials
Agriculture > Grains > Rice > Consumption	8,658 thousand metric tons Ranked 9th. 5 times more than North Korea	1,640 thousand metric tons Ranked 15th.
Media > Telecoms > Mobile cellular subscriptions > Per 100 people	109.43 Ranked 86th. 16 times more than North Korea	6.92 Ranked 198th.
Economy > GDP > Purchasing power parity	$4.58 trillion Ranked 4th. 114 times more than North Korea	$40.00 billion Ranked 98th.
Government > Capital city > Name	Tokyo	Pyongyang
Government > Capital city > Geographic coordinates	35 41 N, 139 45 E	39 01 N, 125 45 E
Culture > Sexuality > Homosexuality > Legality of homosexual acts	Legal since 1880 (was illegal from 1872-1880; before that there were no laws forbidding same sex relationships) UN decl. sign.	Legal
Environment > Climate change > CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total > Million metric tons	561.21 Ranked 6th. 54 times more than North Korea	10.33 Ranked 76th.
Government > International organization participation	ADB, AfDB (nonregional member), APEC, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE (observer), CERN (observer), CICA (observer), CP, EAS, EBRD, EITI (implementing country), FAO, FATF, G-20, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SELEC (observer), SICA (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC	ARF, FAO, G-77, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, NAM, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO
People > Age dependency ratio > Dependents to working-age population	0.51 Ranked 119th. 9% more than North Korea	0.47 Ranked 146th.
Religion > Major religion(s)	Shintoism, Buddhism	Mainly atheist or non-religious, traditional beliefs
Geography > Area > Water	13,430 sq km Ranked 39th. 103 times more than North Korea	130 sq km Ranked 141st.
People > Age structure > 0-14 years	13.4% Ranked 222nd.	21.7% Ranked 141st. 62% more than Japan
Military > Military service age and obligation	18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; mandatory retirement at age 53 for senior enlisted personnel and at 62 years for senior service officers	18 is presumed to be the legal minimum age for compulsory military service; 16-17 is the presumed legal minimum age for voluntary service
Media > Broadcast media	a mixture of public and commercial broadcast TV and radio stations; 6 national terrestrial TV networks including 1 public broadcaster; the large number of radio and TV stations available provide a wide range of choices; satellite and cable services provide access to international channels	no independent media; radios and televisions are pre-tuned to government stations; 4 government-owned television stations; the Korean Workers' Party owns and operates the Korean Central Broadcasting Station, and the state-run Voice of Korea operates an external broadcast service; the government prohibits listening to and jams foreign broadcasts
Transport > Airports	175 Ranked 33th. 2 times more than North Korea	82 Ranked 67th.
Military > Navy > Aircraft carriers	0.0 Ranked 8th.	0.0 Ranked 9th.
Geography > Area > Comparative to US places	slightly smaller than California	slightly smaller than Mississippi
Crime > Punishment > Maximum length of sentence	None	None
Language > Major language(s)	Japanese	Korean
People > Gender > Male population	41.38 million Ranked 29th. 3 times more than North Korea	12.44 million Ranked 69th.
Energy > Electricity production > KWh	1.03 trillion Ranked 2nd. 47 times more than North Korea	21.63 billion Ranked 71st.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Total	34.74 million Ranked 17th. 4 times more than North Korea	8.23 million Ranked 68th.
Media > News Agencies > List of news agencies	<p>Kyodo - English-language pages</p> </p>Japan Today - online news, in English</p>	<p>Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) - state-run; web pages in several languages</p> </p>Uriminzokkiri (On Our Own) - website carrying official news; pages in several languages</p>
Industry > Gross value added by construction	333.2 billion Ranked 2nd. 290 times more than North Korea	1.15 billion Ranked 108th.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 15-64	50.76% Ranked 192nd.	57.5% Ranked 93th. 13% more than Japan
Economy > Fiscal year	1	calendar year
Background > Overview	<p>Japan has the world's third-largest economy, having achieved remarkable growth in the second half of the 20th Century after the devastation of World War II.</p> <p>Its role in the international community is considerable. It is a major aid donor and a source of global capital and credit.</p> <p>More than three quarters of the population live in sprawling cities on the coastal fringes of Japan's four mountainous, heavily-wooded islands.</p><br> <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-14918801">Full Article</a>	<p>For decades North Korea has been one of the world's most secretive societies. It is one of the few countries still under nominally communist rule. </p> <p>North Korea's nuclear ambitions have exacerbated its rigidly maintained isolation from the rest of the world. </p> <p>The country emerged in 1948 amid the chaos following the end of World War II. Its history is dominated by its Great Leader, Kim Il-sung, who shaped political affairs for almost half a century. </p><br> <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-15256929">Full Article</a>
Energy > Energy use > Kg of oil equivalent per capita	3,539.48 Ranked 18th. 5 times more than North Korea	772.89 Ranked 94th.
People > Age structure > 65 years and over	24.8% Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than North Korea	9.5% Ranked 79th.
Economy > GDP > Composition by sector > Industry	27.5% Ranked 98th.	47.5% Ranked 17th. 73% more than Japan
Geography > Population density > People per sq. km	350.55 people/mÂ² Ranked 21st. 88% more than North Korea	186.76 people/mÂ² Ranked 48th.
Media > Internet > Fixed broadband Internet subscribers per 1000	276.69 Ranked 24th.	0.0 Ranked 194th.
People > Nationality > Noun	Japanese (singular and plural)	Korean(s)
Health > Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population)	120 Ranked 117th. 26% more than North Korea	95 Ranked 161st.
Economy > Imports per capita	$6,507.45 Ranked 52nd. 37 times more than North Korea	$175.79 Ranked 188th.
Transport > Waterways	1,770 km Ranked 32nd.	2,250 km Ranked 19th. 27% more than Japan
Education > Literacy > Female	99% Ranked 4th. The same as North Korea	99% Ranked 2nd.
Labor > Labor force, total	65.28 million Ranked 9th. 4 times more than North Korea	15.09 million Ranked 37th.
Health > Infant mortality rate > Total	2.78 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 212th.	27.11 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 74th. 10 times more than Japan
People > Age distribution > Elderly dependency ratio	70.25% Ranked 5th. 49% more than North Korea	47.01% Ranked 102nd.
Geography > Elevation extremes > Highest point	Fujiyama 3,776 m	Paektu-san 2,744 m
Agriculture > Products	rice, sugar beets, vegetables, fruit; pork, poultry, dairy products, eggs; fish	rice, corn, potatoes, soybeans, pulses; cattle, pigs, pork, eggs
Media > Internet > Internet users > Per 100 people	79.05 Ranked 31st.	0.0 Ranked 199th.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Percent	4.45% Ranked 182nd.	5.05% Ranked 106th. 13% more than Japan
People > Physicians density	2.14 physicians/1,000 population Ranked 21st.	3.29 physicians/1,000 population Ranked 1st. 54% more than Japan
Agriculture > Arable land > Hectares per 1000	34.12 hectares Ranked 65th.	117.58 hectares Ranked 46th. 3 times more than Japan
Military > Military branches	Japanese Ministry of Defense (MOD): Ground Self-Defense Force (Rikujou Jieitai, GSDF), Maritime Self-Defense Force (Kaijou Jieitai, MSDF), Air Self-Defense Force (Koukuu Jieitai, ASDF)	North Korean People's Army: Ground Forces, Navy, Air Force; civil security forces
Economy > GDP > Per capita > PPP per thousand people	$0.28 Ranked 126th. 4 times more than North Korea	$0.07 Ranked 170th.
Energy > Electricity > Installed generating capacity per thousand people	2,251.86 kW Ranked 21st. 6 times more than North Korea	387.75 kW Ranked 104th.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Total	30.12 million Ranked 15th. 4 times more than North Korea	6.76 million Ranked 67th.
Economy > Exports > Commodities	motor vehicles 13.6%; semiconductors 6.2%; iron and steel products 5.5%; auto parts 4.6%; plastic materials 3.5%; power generating machinery 3.5%	minerals, metallurgical products, manufactures (including armaments), textiles, agricultural and fishery products
Energy > Electricity > Consumption per capita	6,730.27 kWh Ranked 6th. 9 times more than North Korea	775.45 kWh Ranked 18th.
Energy > Gasoline > Pump price for gasoline > US$ per liter	$2.00 Ranked 18th. 3 times more than North Korea	$0.76 Ranked 139th.
Religion > Christianity > Percent Christian	2% Ranked 35th. 18% more than North Korea	1.7% Ranked 36th.
Agriculture > Produce > Crop > Production index	95.4% Ranked 154th.	110% Ranked 70th. 15% more than Japan
People > Age distribution > Population aged 15-59 > Total	38.26 million Ranked 33th. 3 times more than North Korea	12.9 million Ranked 71st.
Industry > Gross value added by manufacturing	1.11 trillion Ranked 2nd. 349 times more than North Korea	3.17 billion Ranked 90th.
Crime > Punishment > Crimes possibly attracting life sentence	Death sentence due to foreign aggression	??
Labor > Labor force > By occupation > Agriculture	3.9% Ranked 17th.	35% Ranked 7th. 9 times more than Japan
Religion > Seventh-day Adventist Membership	15,061 Ranked 66th. 17 times more than North Korea	866 Ranked 151st.
Energy > Electricity > Production	936.2 billion kWh Ranked 3rd. 44 times more than North Korea	21.04 billion kWh Ranked 48th.
Government > Country name > Conventional long form	none	Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Transport > Highways > Total > Per capita	9.17 km per 1,000 people Ranked 12th. 6 times more than North Korea	1.44 km per 1,000 people Ranked 95th.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Total	16.15 million Ranked 10th. 7 times more than North Korea	2.45 million Ranked 57th.
People > Cities > Urban population	84,775 Ranked 51st. 18% more than North Korea	71,996 Ranked 105th.
Geography > Land use > Arable land	11.26% Ranked 94th.	19.08% Ranked 56th. 69% more than Japan
Industry > CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction > Million metric tons	244.78 Ranked 6th. 6 times more than North Korea	40.65 Ranked 30th.
Culture > World Heritage Sites	13 Ranked 14th. 7 times more than North Korea	2 Ranked 76th.
Economy > Imports	$830.10 billion Ranked 4th. 192 times more than North Korea	$4.33 billion Ranked 133th.
People > Nationality > Adjective	Japanese	Korean
Agriculture > Produce > Food > Production index	97.7% Ranked 157th.	109.7% Ranked 60th. 12% more than Japan
Media > Radio broadcast stations	AM 215 (plus 370 repeaters), FM 89 (plus 485 repeaters), shortwave 21	AM 17 (including 11 stations of Korean Central Broadcasting Station; North Korea has a "national intercom" cable radio station wired throughout the country that is a significant source of information for the average North Korean citizen; it is wired into most residences and workplaces and carries news and commentary), FM 14, shortwave 14
Health > Deaths > Percent deaths registered	90-100	<25
People > Sex ratio > Total population	0.95 male(s)/female Ranked 170th. 1% more than North Korea	0.94 male(s)/female Ranked 186th.
People > Age distribution > Population aged 5-14 > Percent	9.13% Ranked 183th.	10.42% Ranked 101st. 14% more than Japan
Health > Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman	1.26 births per woman Ranked 169th.	1.96 births per woman Ranked 124th. 56% more than Japan
Government > Executive branch > Elections	Diet, the bicameral legislature, designates the prime minister; constitution requires that the prime minister commands parliamentary majority; following legislative elections, the leader of majority party or leader of majority coalition in House of Representatives usually becomes prime minister; the monarchy is hereditary	last election held in April 2012; date of next election NA
Health > Infant mortality rate	3.28 Ranked 177th.	24.84 Ranked 82nd. 8 times more than Japan
Military > Expenditures > Percent of GDP	0.8% Ranked 78th.	22.9% Ranked 1st. 29 times more than Japan
Economy > Budget > Expenditures	$2.58 trillion Ranked 2nd. 781 times more than North Korea	$3.30 billion Ranked 102nd.
People > Sex ratio > At birth	1.06 male(s)/female Ranked 42nd. 1% more than North Korea	1.05 male(s)/female Ranked 74th.
Energy > Crude oil > Production	135,500 bbl/day Ranked 45th. 1554 times more than North Korea	87.2 bbl/day Ranked 122nd.
Background > National tree	Cherry blossom	Magnolia
Economy > Budget > Revenues > Per capita	$11,472.65 per capita Ranked 23th. 84 times more than North Korea	$137.33 per capita Ranked 132nd.
Transport > Rail > Railway length	23,474 km Ranked 12th. 4 times more than North Korea	5,235 km Ranked 33th.
Military > Manpower fit for military service > Males age 16-49	None	None
People > Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Percent	19.12% Ranked 4th. 95% more than North Korea	9.78% Ranked 110th.
Education > Child care (preschool) > Duration	3 Ranked 41st. 50% more than North Korea	2 Ranked 129th.
Environment > CO2 Emissions per 1000	9.59 Ranked 22nd. 34% more than North Korea	7.18 Ranked 40th.
Media > Fixed line and mobile phone subscribers > Per 1,000 people	1,201.54 per 1,000 people Ranked 36th. 29 times more than North Korea	41.36 per 1,000 people Ranked 148th.
Government > National symbol(s)	red sun disc; chrysanthemum	red star
Industry > Gross value added by construction per capita	2,612.07 Ranked 17th. 56 times more than North Korea	46.43 Ranked 176th.
Geography > Irrigated land	25,000 sq km Ranked 1st. 71% more than North Korea	14,600 sq km Ranked 34th.
Energy > Electricity production from renewable sources > KWh	120.91 billion Ranked 5th. 9 times more than North Korea	13.2 billion Ranked 41st.
Culture > Smoking > Cigarettes per adult per year	1,841 Ranked 17th. 3 times more than North Korea	650 Ranked 79th.
Media > Telecoms > Telephone lines per 1000	503.86 Ranked 16th. 11 times more than North Korea	47.65 Ranked 144th.
Health > Life expectancy > Women	87 years Ranked 1st. 21% more than North Korea	72 years Ranked 79th.
Economy > Exports > Main exports	Vehicles, computer parts, chemicals, scientific instruments and watches	Minerals and metals, cement, agricultural products
Geography > Natural hazards	many dormant and some active volcanoes; about 1,500 seismic occurrences (mostly tremors) every year; tsunamis; typhoons	late spring droughts often followed by severe flooding; occasional typhoons during the early fall
Government > Flag description	white with a large red disk (representing the sun without rays) in the center	three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width), and blue; the red band is edged in white; on the hoist side of the red band is a white disk with a red five-pointed star; the broad red band symbolizes revolutionary traditions; the narrow white bands stands for purity, strength, and dignity; the blue bands signify sovereignty, peace, and friendship; the red star represents socialism
Economy > Budget > Revenues per capita	$12,852.05 Ranked 19th. 97 times more than North Korea	$132.71 Ranked 129th.
Geography > Rural population density > Rural population per sq. km of arable land	1,002.26 people/kmÂ² of arable lan Ranked 5th. 3 times more than North Korea	308.4 people/kmÂ² of arable lan Ranked 22nd.
Geography > Maritime claims > Territorial sea	12 nautical mile Ranked 50th. The same as North Korea	12 nautical mile Ranked 16th.
Economy > Debt > External	$3.02 trillion Ranked 5th. 242 times more than North Korea	$12.50 billion Ranked 6th.
Media > Televisions	86.5 million Ranked 3rd. 72 times more than North Korea	1.2 million Ranked 76th.
Agriculture > Agricultural machinery > Tractors > Per capita	15.88 per 1,000 people Ranked 23th. 6 times more than North Korea	2.88 per 1,000 people Ranked 72nd.
Media > Telephones > Main lines in use > Per capita	402.03 per 1,000 people Ranked 27th. 8 times more than North Korea	50.26 per 1,000 people Ranked 1st.
Economy > Debt > External > Per capita	$11,708.07 per capita Ranked 30th. 21 times more than North Korea	$567.90 per capita Ranked 16th.
Economy > GDP > Composition by sector > Services	71.4% Ranked 36th. 2 times more than North Korea	29.4% Ranked 11th.
Energy > Electricity > Production > Per capita	8,490.7 kWh per capita Ranked 20th. 9 times more than North Korea	958.3 kWh per capita Ranked 21st.
Geography > Area > Land per 1000	2.93 sq km Ranked 173th.	4.97 sq km Ranked 151st. 69% more than Japan

SOURCES: Annexe I of the Small Arms Survey 2007 ; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; World Development Indicators database; Wikipedia: List of countries by level of military equipment (List); United Nations Population Division. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; CIA World Factbook 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; Wikipedia: Capital punishment in Europe (Abolition); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Living Planet Report 2000, Gland, Switzerland: 2000, and Redefining Progress.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; Food and Agriculture Organization; Derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Energy Agency; Food and Agriculture Organization; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2001; Wikipedia: List of countries by public debt (List) (Public debt , The World Factbook , United States Central Intelligence Agency , accessed on March 21, 2013.); United Nations Population Division. Source tables; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; IEA; Wikipedia: List of countries by cigarette consumption per capita (List); International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication/ICT Development Report and database, and World Bank estimates. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbook, December 2003

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