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Government Stats: compare key data on Mauritius & Sao Tome and Principe

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Definitions

  • Administrative divisions: This entry generally gives the numbers, designatory terms, and first-order administrative divisions as approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN). Changes that have been reported but not yet acted on by BGN are noted.
  • Capital city > Geographic coordinates: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • Capital city > Name: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • Constitution: The dates of adoption, revisions, and major amendments to a nation's constitution
  • Executive branch > Cabinet: Cabinet includes the official name for any body of high-ranking advisers roughly comparable to a U.S. Cabinet. Also notes the method for selection of members.
  • Executive branch > Chief of state: The name and title of any person or role roughly equivalent to a U.S. Chief of State. This means the titular leader of the country who represents the state at official and ceremonial functions but may not be involved with the day-to-day activities of the government
  • Executive branch > Head of government: Head of government includes the name and title of the top administrative leader who is designated to manage the day-to-day activities of the government. For example, in the UK, the monarch is the chief of state, and the prime minister is the head of government. In the US, the president is both the chief of state and the head of government.
  • Government type: A description of the basic form of government (e.g., republic, constitutional monarchy, federal republic, parliamentary democracy, military dictatorship).
  • International organization participation: This entry lists in alphabetical order by abbreviation those international organizations in which the subject country is a member or participates in some other way.
  • Judicial branch: The name(s) of the highest court(s) and a brief description of the selection process for members.
  • Legal system: A brief description of the legal system's historical roots, role in government, and acceptance of International Court of Justice (ICJ) jurisdiction.
  • Legislative branch: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
  • Political parties and leaders: Significant political organizations and their leaders.
  • Political pressure groups and leaders: Organizations with leaders involved in politics, but not standing for legislative election.
  • Suffrage: The age at enfranchisement and whether the right to vote is universal or restricted
  • Country name > Conventional long form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
  • Executive branch > Elections: Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election
  • Leaders > Prime minister: Government > Leaders > Prime minister
  • Flag description: A written flag description produced from actual flags or the best information available at the time the entry was written. The flags of independent states are used by their dependencies unless there is an officially recognized local flag. Some disputed and other areas do not have flags.
  • Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days: Time required to start a business (days). Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
  • Country name > Conventional short form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
  • Transnational Issues > Disputes > International: This entry includes a wide variety of situations that range from traditional bilateral boundary disputes to unilateral claims of one sort or another. Information regarding disputes over international terrestrial and maritime boundaries has been reviewed by the US Department of State. References to other situations involving borders or frontiers may also be included, such as resource disputes, geopolitical questions, or irredentist issues; however, inclusion does not necessarily constitute official acceptance or recognition by the US Government.
  • National anthem: A generally patriotic musical composition - usually in the form of a song or hymn of praise - that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions, or struggles of a nation or its people. National anthems can be officially recognized as a national song by a country's constitution or by an enacted law, or simply by tradition. Although most anthems contain lyrics, some do not.
  • Legislative branch > Elections: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
  • Legislative branch > Election results: This entry contains information on the structure (unicameral, bicameral, tricameral), formal name, number of seats, and term of office. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote and/or number of seats held by each party in the last election.
  • Parliament > Seats held by women > Percentage: Percentage of seats held by women in country's national parliament or legislative houses.
  • Independence: For most countries, this entry gives the date that sovereignty was achieved and from which nation, empire, or trusteeship. For the other countries, the date given may not represent "independence" in the strict sense, but rather some significant nationhood event such as the traditional founding date or the date of unification, federation, confederation, establishment, fundamental change in the form of government, or state succession. Dependent areas include the notation "none" followed by the nature of their dependency status. "
  • Executive branch > Election results: Election results includes the percent of vote for each candidate in the last election (if any)
  • Judicial branch > Subordinate courts: This entry is derived from Government > Judicial branch, which includes three subfields. The highest court(s) subfield includes the name(s) of a country's highest level court(s), the number and titles of the judges, and the types of cases heard by the court, which commonly are based on civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional law. A number of countries have separate constitutional courts. The judge selection and term of office subfield includes the organizations and associated officials responsible for nominating and appointing judges, and a brief description of the process. The selection process can be indicative of the independence of a country's court system from other branches of its government. Also included in this subfield are judges' tenures, which can range from a few years, to a specified retirement age, to lifelong appointments. The subordinate courts subfield lists the courts lower in the hierarchy of a country's court system. A few countries with federal-style governments, such as Brazil, Canada, and the US, in addition to their federal court, have separate state- or province-level court systems, though generally the two systems interact.
  • Country name > Local short form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
  • Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament: Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber occupied by women.
  • Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number: Start-up procedures to register a business (number). Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
  • National holiday: The primary national day of celebration - often independence day.
  • Capital > Geographic coordinates: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • Democracy > First female parliamentarian: Year first woman elected or appointed to parliament.
  • Time required to start a business > Days: Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
  • Leaders > President: Government > Leaders > President
  • Judicial branch > Judge selection and term of office: This entry is derived from Government > Judicial branch, which includes three subfields. The highest court(s) subfield includes the name(s) of a country's highest level court(s), the number and titles of the judges, and the types of cases heard by the court, which commonly are based on civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional law. A number of countries have separate constitutional courts. The judge selection and term of office subfield includes the organizations and associated officials responsible for nominating and appointing judges, and a brief description of the process. The selection process can be indicative of the independence of a country's court system from other branches of its government. Also included in this subfield are judges' tenures, which can range from a few years, to a specified retirement age, to lifelong appointments. The subordinate courts subfield lists the courts lower in the hierarchy of a country's court system. A few countries with federal-style governments, such as Brazil, Canada, and the US, in addition to their federal court, have separate state- or province-level court systems, though generally the two systems interact.
  • Red tape > Time required to register property > Days: Time required to register property (days). Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property.
  • Politics: Country politics.
  • International law organization participation: This entry includes information on a country's acceptance of jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and of the International Criminal Court (ICCt); 55 countries have accepted ICJ jurisdiction with reservations and 11 have accepted ICJ jurisdiction without reservations; 114 countries have accepted ICCt jurisdiction. Appendix B: International Organizations and Groups explains the differing mandates of the ICJ and ICCt.
  • Parliament > Seats held by men: Number of seats held by men in country's naitonal parliament or legislative houses.
  • Country name > Local long form: This entry is derived from Government > Country name, which includes all forms of the country's name approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (Italy is used as an example): conventional long form (Italian Republic), conventional short form (Italy), local long form (Repubblica Italiana), local short form (Italia), former (Kingdom of Italy), as well as the abbreviation. Also see the Terminology note.
  • Red tape > Time to resolve insolvency > Years: Time to resolve insolvency (years). Time to resolve insolvency is the number of years from the filing for insolvency in court until the resolution of distressed assets.
  • Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million: Start-up procedures to register a business (number). Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Diplomatic representation in the US > Chief of mission: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • Diplomatic representation in the US > Chancery: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • Parliament > Seats held by women: Number of seats held by women in country's parliament or legislative houses.
  • UN membership date: Date of United Nations Membership
  • Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number: Procedures to build a warehouse (number). Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers.
  • Capital city: The location of the seat of government.
  • Capital > Name: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days: Time required to get electricity (days). Time required to get electricity is the number of days to obtain a permanent electricity connection. The measure captures the median duration that the electricity utility and experts indicate is necessary in practice, rather than required by law, to complete a procedure.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Registered voter turnout: The proportion of registered voters who actually voted.
  • Capital > Time difference: This entry is derived from Government > Capital, which gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • International relations: Country international relations.
  • Leaders > Prime minister > Profile: Government > Leaders > Prime minister > Profile
  • Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days per million: Time required to get electricity (days). Time required to get electricity is the number of days to obtain a permanent electricity connection. The measure captures the median duration that the electricity utility and experts indicate is necessary in practice, rather than required by law, to complete a procedure. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days: Time required to enforce a contract (days). Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment.
  • Democracy > Female parliamentarians: Seats in parliament held by women (as % of total). Data are as of 8 March 2002. Where there are lower and upper houses, data refer to the weighted average of women's shares of seats in both houses.
  • Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number: Procedures to register property (number). Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property.
  • Leaders > President > Profile: Government > Leaders > President > Profile
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • Start-up procedures to register a business > Number: Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production.
  • Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong: Strength of legal rights index measures the degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders and thus facilitate lending. The index ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating that these laws are better designed to expand access to credit."
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 $ gross domestic product.
  • Parliament > Seats held by women per million people: Number of seats held by women in country's parliament or legislative houses. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Democracy > Female suffrage: Year in which women received the right to vote. Data refer to the year in which right to vote or stand for election on a universal and equal basis was recognized. Where two years are shown, the first refers to the first partial recognition of the right to vote.
  • Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days: Time required to build a warehouse (days). Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
  • Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days per million: Time required to start a business (days). Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million: Procedures to enforce a contract (number). Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Time required to register property > Days per million: Time required to register property (days). Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million: Procedures to build a warehouse (number). Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days per million: Time required to build a warehouse (days). Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ > Per capita: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
  • Time required to build a warehouse > Days: Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population: International IDEA has chosen to use not only the reported registration rate to calculate turnout percentages, but also the voting age population (VAP) which includes all citizens above the legal voting age
  • Democracy > Female candidacy: Year in which women received the right to stand for election. Data refer to the year in which right to vote or stand for election on a universal and equal basis was recognized. Where two years are shown, the first refers to the first partial recognition of the right to stand for election.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Total vote: The total number of votes cast in the relevant election. Total vote includes valid and invalid votes, as well as blank votes in cases where these are separated from invalid votes. More information on valid, invalid and blank votes can be found at aceproject.org
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voter registration: The number of registered voters. The figure represents the number of names on the voters' register at the time that the registration process closes, as reported by the electoral management body.
  • Start-up procedures to register a business > Number > Per capita: Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Time required to enforce a contract > Days: Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment.
  • Procedures to register property > Number: Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property.
  • Procedures to build a warehouse > Number: Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers.
  • Form of government: Form of government in African Union member countries.
  • Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million: Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Parliament > Seats held by men per million people: Number of seats held by men in country's naitonal parliament or legislative houses. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
  • Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million: Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days per million: Time required to enforce a contract (days). Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Procedures to register property > Number > Per capita: Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Procedures to enforce a contract > Number > Per capita: Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Invalid votes: The number of invalid votes, as reported by each country.
  • Diplomatic representation in the US > Telephone: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant LCU: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant local currency.
  • Procedures to register property > Number per million: Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours: Time to prepare and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes and social security contributions.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars.
  • Procedures to build a warehouse > Number > Per capita: Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers. Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
  • Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number: Procedures to enforce a contract (number). Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer.
  • Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number per million: Procedures to register property (number). Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Diplomatic representation in the US > FAX: This entry includes the chief of mission, chancery, telephone, FAX, consulate general locations, and consulate locations.
  • Capital city > Time difference: This entry gives the name of the seat of government, its geographic coordinates, the time difference relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and the time observed in Washington, DC, and, if applicable, information on daylight saving time (DST). Where appropriate, a special note has been added to highlight those countries that have multiple time zones.
  • Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments > %: Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%). Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant 2000 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Annual % growth: Annual percentage growth of general government final consumption expenditure based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2000 U.S. dollars. General government final consumption expenditure (general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation.
  • Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million: Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
  • Time required to register property > Days: Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property.
  • Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population per 1000: International IDEA has chosen to use not only the reported registration rate to calculate turnout percentages, but also the voting age population (VAP) which includes all citizens above the legal voting age. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
  • Procedures to enforce a contract > Number: Number of procedures to enforce a contract are the number of independent actions, mandated by law or courts, that demand interaction between the parties of a contract or between them and the judge or court officer.
  • General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current LCU: General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current local currency.
STAT Mauritius Sao Tome and Principe HISTORY
Administrative divisions 9 districts and 3 dependencies*; Agalega Islands*, Black River, Cargados Carajos Shoals*, Flacq, Grand Port, Moka, Pamplemousses, Plaines Wilhems, Port Louis, Riviere du Rempart, Rodrigues*, Savanne 2 provinces; Principe, Sao Tome
Capital city > Geographic coordinates 20 09 S, 57 29 E 0 12 N, 6 39 E
Capital city > Name Port Louis Sao Tome
Constitution several previous; latest adopted 12 March 1968; amended many times, last in 2012 approved 5 November 1975; revised several times, last in 2003
Executive branch > Cabinet Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the proposal of the prime minister
Executive branch > Chief of state President Rajkeswur Kailash PURRYAG (since 21 July 2012) President Manuel Pinto DA COSTA (since 3 September 2011)
Executive branch > Head of government Prime Minister Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM (since 5 July 2005) Prime Minister Gabriel Arcanjo Ferreira DA COSTA (since 12 December 2012)
Government type parliamentary democracy republic
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, AOSIS, AU, C, CD, COMESA, CPLP (associate), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, SAARC (observer), SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO ACP, AfDB, AOSIS, AU, CD, CPLP, EITI (candidate country), FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), NAM, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
Judicial branch Supreme Court Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the National Assembly); Constitutional Court (five judges appointed by the National Assembly for five year terms); Court of First Instance; Audit Court
Legal system civil legal system based on French civil law with some elements of English common law mixed legal system of civil law base on the Portuguese model and customary law
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional
Political parties and leaders Alliance of the Future or AF [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM] (governing coalition - includes MLP, MMSM, MR, MSD, PMSD)<br />Mauritian Labor Party or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]<br />Mauritian Militant Movement or MMM [Paul BERENGER]<br />Mauritian Militant Socialist Movement or MMSM [Pravind JUGNAUTH]<br />Mauritian Socialist Militant Movement or MSMM [Madan DULLOO]<br />Mauritian Solidarity Front of FSM [Cehl FAKEERMEEAH]<br />Maurition Social Democratic Party or PMSD [Xavier Luc DUVAL]<br />Rodrigues Movement or MR [Joseph (Nicholas) Von MALLY]<br />Rodrigues Peoples Organization or OPR [Serge CLAIR] Force for Change Democratic Movement or MDFM [Tome Soares da VERA CRUZ]<br />Independent Democratic Action or ADI [Patrice TROVOADA]<br />Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe-Social Democratic Party or MLSTP-PSD [Rafael BRANCO]<br />New Way Movement or NR<br />Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Delfim NEVES]<br />Ue-Kedadji coalition<br />other small parties
Political pressure groups and leaders <strong>other: </strong>various labor unions Association of Sao Tome and Principe NGOs or FONG<br /><strong>other:</strong> the media
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Country name > Conventional long form Republic of Mauritius Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe
Executive branch > Elections president and vice president elected by the National Assembly for five-year terms (eligible for a second term); elections last held on 21 July 2012 (next to be held in 2017); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president, responsible to the National Assembly president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 17 July and 7 August 2011 (next to be held in 2016); prime minister chosen by the National Assembly and approved by the president
Leaders > Prime minister Navin Ramgoolam Gabriel Arcanjo Ferreira da Costa
Flag description four equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, yellow, and green; red represents self-determination and independence, blue the Indian Ocean surrounding the island, yellow has been interpreted as the new light of independence, golden sunshine, or the bright future, and green can symbolize either agriculture or the lush vegetation of the island three horizontal bands of green (top), yellow (double width), and green with two black five-pointed stars placed side by side in the center of the yellow band and a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; green stands for the country's rich vegetation, red recalls the struggle for independence, and yellow represents cocoa, one of the country's main agricultural products; the two stars symbolize the two main islands
Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days 6
Ranked 164th. 20% more than Sao Tome and Principe
5
Ranked 171st.

Country name > Conventional short form Mauritius Sao Tome and Principe
Transnational Issues > Disputes > International Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Islands; claims French-administered Tromelin Island none
National anthem <strong>name: </strong>"Motherland"<br /><strong>lyrics/music:</strong> Jean Georges PROSPER/Philippe GENTIL <strong>name: </strong>"Independencia total" (Total Independence)<br /><strong>lyrics/music:</strong> Alda Neves DA GRACA do Espirito Santo/Manuel dos Santos Barreto de Sousa e ALMEIDA
FAX 230 1
Legislative branch > Elections last held on 5 May 2010 (next to be held in 2015) last held on 1 August 2010 (next to be held in 2014)
Legislative branch > Election results percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - AF 41, MMM 18, MR 2, FSM 1; appointed seats - to be assigned 8 percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ADI 26, MLSTP-PSD 21, PCD 7, MDFM 1
Parliament > Seats held by women > Percentage 18.84%
Ranked 87th. 4% more than Sao Tome and Principe
18.18%
Ranked 90th.

Independence 12 March 1968 (from the UK) 12 July 1975 (from Portugal)
Executive branch > Election results Rajkeswur Kailash PURRYAG elected president by unanimous vote; percent of vote by the National Assembly - NA Manuel Pinto DA COSTA elected president in a run-off election; percent of vote - Manuel Pinto DA COSTA 52.9%, Evaristo CARVALHO 47.1%
Judicial branch > Subordinate courts Court of Civil Appeal; Court of Criminal Appeal; Public Bodies Appeal Tribunal (formed by a 2008 constitutional amendment) Court of First Instance; Audit Court
Country name > Local short form Mauritius Sao Tome e Principe
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament 17.1%
Ranked 70th. 2 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
7.3%
Ranked 141st.

Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number 5
Ranked 145th. 25% more than Sao Tome and Principe
4
Ranked 159th.

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ 905.53 million$
Ranked 99th. 30 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
30.32 million$
Ranked 141st.

National holiday Independence Day, 12 March Independence Day, 12 July
Capital > Geographic coordinates 20 09 S, 57 29 E 0 20 N, 6 44 E
Democracy > First female parliamentarian 1976 (elected) 1975 (elected)
Time required to start a business > Days 46 days
Ranked 58th.
144 days
Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Mauritius

Leaders > President Rajkeswur &quot; Kailash&quot; Purryag Manuel Pinto da Costa
Democracy > Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment 1
Ranked 22nd. 2% more than Sao Tome and Principe
0.979
Ranked 72nd.

Judicial branch > Judge selection and term of office chief justice appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister; senior puisne judge appointed by the president with the advice of the chief justice; other puisne judges appointed by the president with the advice of the Judicial and Legal Commission, a 4-member body of judicial officials including the chief justice; all judges serve until retirement at age 62 Supreme Court judges appointed by the National Assembly; judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges nominated by the president of the republic and elected by the National Assembly for 5-year terms
Red tape > Time required to register property > Days 15
Ranked 149th.
62
Ranked 48th. 4 times more than Mauritius

Politics Navin Ramgoolam became premier in July 2005, having already held the post from 1995 to 2000. Changing coalitions are a feature of politics Power is constitutionally split between president and prime minister, which has led to several cohabitation governments
International law organization participation accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Parliament > Seats held by men 56
Ranked 143th. 24% more than Sao Tome and Principe
45
Ranked 155th.

Country name > Local long form Republic of Mauritius Republica Democratica de Sao Tome e Principe
Foreign relations of Western Sahara > States recognizing the SADR > Date of recognition July 1, 1982 June 22, 1978
Red tape > Time to resolve insolvency > Years 1.7
Ranked 140th.
6.2
Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Mauritius

Red tape > Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million 3.87
Ranked 47th.
21.27
Ranked 21st. 5 times more than Mauritius

Diplomatic representation in the US > Chief of mission Ambassador Somduth SOBORUN (since 28 January 2011) Ambassador Ovidio Manuel Barbosa PEQUENO
Diplomatic representation in the US > Chancery None None
Parliament > Seats held by women 13
Ranked 130th. 30% more than Sao Tome and Principe
10
Ranked 139th.

UN membership date 24 Apr. 1968 16 Sep. 1975
Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number 16
Ranked 69th. 23% more than Sao Tome and Principe
13
Ranked 106th.

Capital city Port Louis Sao Tome
Capital > Name Port Louis Sao Tome
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per capita 728.35$ per capita
Ranked 45th. 4 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
193.74$ per capita
Ranked 83th.

Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days 84
Ranked 102nd.
89
Ranked 95th. 6% more than Mauritius

Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Registered voter turnout 80.9%
Ranked 40th. 22% more than Sao Tome and Principe
66.3%
Ranked 89th.
Capital > Time difference UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
International relations Mauritius claims the Chagos Islands, administered by Britain and home to a US military base on Diego Garcia Sao Tome and Nigeria share offshore oil fields which have yet to be exploited. Nigeria intervened to prevent a coup in 2003
Leaders > Prime minister > Profile <p>Former Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam of the Social Alliance returned to power after defeating Paul Berenger of the Mauritian Militant Movement in elections in July 2005.</p> <p>The ruling alliance, which included Mr Ramgoolam&#039;s Labour Party and the Militant Socialist Movement, was re-elected in a closely fought vote in 2010, defeating the Mauritian Militant Movement led by Mr Berenger.</p> <p>Both main blocs campaigned on a promise of strengthening the welfare state and social justice.</p> <p>Born in 1947, Mr Ramgoolam is the son of Mauritius&#039;s independence leader Seewoosagur Ramgoolam.</p> <p>He served as prime minister between 1995 and 2000. He is a doctor and lawyer.</p> <p>His predecessor Paul Berenger, a white Mauritian of French descent, became the island&#039;s first non-Hindu prime minister in 2003.</p> <p>The ruling coalition shrank in August 2011 when the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) leader Pravind Jugnauth said his party was now in opposition. Six ministers from the party had quit in protest against the arrest of the health minister by an anti-corruption watchdog.</p> <p>Gabriel Arcanjo Ferreira da Costa was appointed prime minister after the president dismissed Patrice Trovoada and his government in December 2012 following a no-confidence vote. </p> <p>The assembly&#039;s second party MLSTP/PSD had nominated Mr Ferreira da Costa, a consensus builder from a political group without parliamentary representation.</p> <p>Mr Ferreira da Costa had already briefly served as prime minister in 2002, a job held by 15 different people since 1990 and the installation of democracy.</p>
Red tape > Time required to get electricity > Days per million 65.04
Ranked 44th.
473.16
Ranked 10th. 7 times more than Mauritius

Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days 529
Ranked 102nd.
1,065
Ranked 20th. 2 times more than Mauritius

Democracy > Female parliamentarians 5.7%
Ranked 130th.
9.1%
Ranked 101st. 60% more than Mauritius
Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number 4
Ranked 160th.
7
Ranked 54th. 75% more than Mauritius

Leaders > President > Profile <p>Parliament chose its speaker, Rajkeswur Purryag, as president in July 2012 after the resignation of Anerood Jugnauth. </p> <p>President Jugnauth stepped down in March in order to join the opposition to Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam. </p> <p>President Purryag is a longstanding member of the Labour Party leadership and served as Mr Ramgoolam&#039;s deputy until being chosen as speaker of parliament in 2000.</p> <p>Former strongman Manuel Pinto da Costa returned to power in elections in 2011, two decades after losing office.</p> <p>Mr Pinto da Costa ruled Sao Tome with an iron fist for 15 years after independence from Portugal in 1975, and observers warned his return to power could herald a slide towards authoritarianism.</p> <p>He lost the presidency after introducing reforms in 1990, including multi-party democracy that saw the election as president of Miguel Trovoada.</p> <p>Mr Pinto da Costa has a five-year mandate. He worked with Prime Minister Patrice Trovoada whose Democratic Action party won legislative elections in 2012. However, the president dismissed Mr Trovoada and his government in December 2012 following a no-confidence vote in parliament. </p> <p>Under the democratic constitution adopted in 1990, the president shares power with a government headed by a prime minister, who needs the confidence of parliament to stay in power. </p>
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ per capita 728.35$
Ranked 46th. 4 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
196.13$
Ranked 82nd.

Start-up procedures to register a business > Number 6
Ranked 148th.
10
Ranked 71st. 67% more than Mauritius

Strength of legal rights index > 0=weak to 10=strong 5
Ranked 99th. 3 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
2
Ranked 164th.

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current US$ > Per $ GDP 0.144$ per $1 of GDP
Ranked 73th.
0.43$ per $1 of GDP
Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Mauritius

Parliament > Seats held by women per million people 9.83
Ranked 42nd.
53.53
Ranked 9th. 5 times more than Mauritius

Democracy > Female suffrage 1956 1975
Political pressure groups and leaders > Other various labor unions the media
Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days 248
Ranked 27th. 2 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
118
Ranked 123th.

Red tape > Time required to start a business > Days per million 4.65
Ranked 69th.
26.58
Ranked 37th. 6 times more than Mauritius

Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million 27.88
Ranked 41st.
228.6
Ranked 15th. 8 times more than Mauritius

Red tape > Time required to register property > Days per million 11.61
Ranked 59th.
329.62
Ranked 14th. 28 times more than Mauritius

Red tape > Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million 12.39
Ranked 35th.
69.11
Ranked 14th. 6 times more than Mauritius

Red tape > Time required to build a warehouse > Days per million 192.03
Ranked 35th.
627.33
Ranked 15th. 3 times more than Mauritius

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ > Per capita 591.03 constant 2000 US$ per c
Ranked 40th. 6 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
104.81 constant 2000 US$ per c
Ranked 103th.

Time required to build a warehouse > Days 145 days
Ranked 117th.
259 days
Ranked 42nd. 79% more than Mauritius

Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population 792,125
Ranked 123th. 12 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
63,536
Ranked 147th.
Democracy > Female candidacy 1,956
Ranked 54th.
1,975
Ranked 9th. 1% more than Mauritius
Foreign relations > Croatia > Date of Establishment September 3, 1997 May 23, 1993
National anthem > Name "Motherland" "Independencia total" (Total Independence)
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Total vote 630,292
Ranked 111th. 16 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
40,412
Ranked 142nd.
Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voter registration 779,433
Ranked 114th. 13 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
60,961
Ranked 139th.
Start-up procedures to register a business > Number > Per capita 4.79 per 1 million people
Ranked 37th.
62.48 per 1 million people
Ranked 9th. 13 times more than Mauritius

Time required to enforce a contract > Days 630 days
Ranked 46th. 56% more than Sao Tome and Principe
405 days
Ranked 106th.

Procedures to register property > Number 6
Ranked 95th.
7
Ranked 59th. 17% more than Mauritius

Procedures to build a warehouse > Number 21
Ranked 42nd. 31% more than Sao Tome and Principe
16
Ranked 95th.
Form of government semi-presidential unitary republic semi-presidential unitary republic
Procedures to enforce a contract > Number per million 29.54
Ranked 30th.
421.9
Ranked 8th. 14 times more than Mauritius

Parliament > Seats held by men per million people 42.35
Ranked 43th.
240.88
Ranked 12th. 6 times more than Mauritius

Start-up procedures to register a business > Number per million 4.79
Ranked 37th.
62.97
Ranked 10th. 13 times more than Mauritius

Red tape > Time required to enforce a contract > Days per million 499.44
Ranked 40th.
6,140.42
Ranked 10th. 12 times more than Mauritius

Procedures to register property > Number > Per capita 4.79 per 1 million people
Ranked 28th.
43.73 per 1 million people
Ranked 9th. 9 times more than Mauritius

Procedures to enforce a contract > Number > Per capita 29.52 per 1 million people
Ranked 30th.
418.61 per 1 million people
Ranked 8th. 14 times more than Mauritius

Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Invalid votes 1.1%
Ranked 85th.
3.1%
Ranked 45th. 3 times more than Mauritius
Diplomatic representation in the US > Telephone [1] (202) 244-1491 through 1492 [1] (202) 775-2075, 2076
General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant LCU 16863080000 8049646000
Procedures to register property > Number per million 4.79
Ranked 28th.
44.08
Ranked 9th. 9 times more than Mauritius

Time to prepare and pay taxes > Hours 158 hours
Ranked 120th.
424 hours
Ranked 36th. 3 times more than Mauritius

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ 734.8 million constant 2000 US$
Ranked 84th. 50 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
14.64 million constant 2000 US$
Ranked 144th.

Procedures to build a warehouse > Number > Per capita 16.75 per 1 million people
Ranked 28th.
99.97 per 1 million people
Ranked 11th. 6 times more than Mauritius
Red tape > Procedures to enforce a contract > Number 35
Ranked 134th.
43
Ranked 42nd. 23% more than Mauritius

Red tape > Procedures to register property > Number per million 3.1
Ranked 42nd.
37.21
Ranked 12th. 12 times more than Mauritius

Diplomatic representation in the US > FAX [1] (202) 966-0983 [1] (202) 775-2077
Capital city > Time difference UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments > % 18.8%
Ranked 91st. 3% more than Sao Tome and Principe
18.2%
Ranked 96th.

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Constant 2000 US$ per capita 591.03 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 38th. 6 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
104.99 constant 2000 US$
Ranked 98th.

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Annual % growth 5.4%
Ranked 35th.
-4.44%
Ranked 129th.

Procedures to build a warehouse > Number per million 16.76
Ranked 28th.
100.75
Ranked 12th. 6 times more than Mauritius
Time required to register property > Days 210 days
Ranked 18th. 3 times more than Sao Tome and Principe
62 days
Ranked 65th.

Democracy > Parliamentary elections > Voting age population per 1000 647.79
Ranked 57th. 50% more than Sao Tome and Principe
430.88
Ranked 129th.
Procedures to enforce a contract > Number 37
Ranked 69th.
67
Ranked 2nd. 81% more than Mauritius

General government final > Consumption expenditure > Current LCU 26206000000 320167000000
National anthem > Note adopted 1968 adopted 1975

SOURCES: CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/).; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; United Nations Statistics Division; World Development Indicators database; IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 1995. Women in Parliaments 1945-1995: A World Statistical Survey. Geneva and IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2001. Correspondence on year women received the right to vote and to stand for election and year first woman was elected or appointed to parliament. March. Geneva.; Source: Millennium Development Goals Database | United Nations Statistics Division; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: Foreign relations of Western Sahara; World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations World Statistics Pocketbook and Statistical Yearbook; Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2003; calculated on the basis of data on parliamentary seats from IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2002. Parline Database. March 2002; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 1995. Women in Parliaments 1945-1995: A World Statistical Survey. Geneva and IPU (Inter-Parliamentary Union). 2001. Correspondence on year women received the right to vote and to stand for election and year first woman was elected or appointed to parliament. March. Geneva; Wikipedia: Foreign relations of Croatia; Freedom House (2006-06-27). "2005". Freedom in the World. Retrieved 2006-06-27.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) (www.ipu.org); Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance 2003. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.

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