Education Stats: compare key data on Italy & Turkey

Definitions

Adult literacy rate > Total: Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life."
Average years of schooling of adults: Average years of schooling of adults is the years of formal schooling received, on average, by adults over age 15. (Data Source: Barro-Lee Data Set www.worldbank.org/html/prdmg/grthweb/ddbarle2.htm)
Children out of school, primary: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
Children out of school, primary per 1000: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Children out of school, primary, female: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
College and university > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for college and university enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Compulsary education duration: Number of years students are required to be enrolled in school for all levels of education. For instance, compulsary education lasts for 12 years in the United States.
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP: Percentage of public funding for education out of country's total GDP.
High school enrolment rate: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Homeschooling legal status: Legal status of homeschooling.
Literacy > Total population: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Primary education, duration > Years: Primary education, duration (years). Duration of primary is the number of grades (years) in primary education.
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Primary is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers.
Secondary education, duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years). Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (years) in secondary education (ISCED 2 & 3).
Primary education, teachers per 1000: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
College and university > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to post-secondary education.
Literacy > Female: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
College and university > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
Child care (preschool) > Duration: Number of years students study at the pre-primary (preschool) level. It should be noted that not all countries require pre-primary education.
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Duration of compulsory education: Duration of compulsory education is the number of grades (or years) that a child must legally be enrolled in school.
Secondary education, pupils: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions.
College and university > Private school share: Percentage of post-secondary students who attend a private school, college, or university.
School life expectancy > Total: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Literacy > Adult literacy: Adult literacy rate (%).
Primary education, pupils: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions.
Primary education, teachers: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Adult literacy rate > Female: Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life."
Tertiary enrollment: Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary level is the sum of all tertiary level students enrolled at the start of the school year, expressed as a percentage of the mid-year population in the 5 year age group after the official secondary school leaving age.
Spending per student > College and university: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
High school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Compulsary education starting age: Age at which children must be enrolled in school.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Literacy > Definition: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
High school > Upper secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the upper secondary (high school) level.
Literacy > Male: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Spending > USD: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment."
Spending > Proportion: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. Expressed as a proportion of GNI."
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Child care (preschool) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin pre-primary (preschool) education.
High school repeaters > Male: Repeaters in secondary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in secondary school."
Preschool enrollment rate: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
Tertiary > Students studying abroad: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year.
Teachers as percentage of labor force: The percentage share of the total labor force who are classroom, academic staff, and other teachers. Data for 1999.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall: Overall.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Elementary (primary school) > Duration: Number of years students study at the primary level.
Children out of school > Primary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Secondary education, teachers per 1000: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education, teachers: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for pre-primary (preschool) education.
High school > Lower secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the lower secondary (middle school) level.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Spending per student > High school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
Secondary education, general pupils: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
High school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for secondary level enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills: Overall.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Scientific and technical journal articles: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve: Access and retrieve.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female: Percentage of country's college and university professors that are female.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion: The number of students from a given country studying abroad in a given year, expressed as a percentage of total tertiary enrollment in that country. Ratios greater than 100 % are possible, because those currently studying abroad do not count towards total enrollment.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scouting > Genders admitted: Admits boys/girls.
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin primary education.
Children out of school, primary, male: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
High school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for all levels of secondary education.
Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training.
Spending per student > Elementary school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
Secondary school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age (years). Entrance age of 2A lower secondary is the age at which students would enter lower secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
High school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age is the age at which students would enter secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 15-19 per thousand people: Number of females aged 15-19 years, who are literate. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women: Population with at least high school education > Women.
Elementary school graduate rate: Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Literacy rate > People aged 15-24: Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life."
Schools connected to the Internet: Schools connected to the Internet are the share of primary and secondary schools in the country that have access to the Internet.
Public spending per student > Primary level: Public expenditure per student, primary level is the total reported current spending by the government on primary education, divided by the total number of pupils in primary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Primary education, pupils per 1000: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education, pupils per 1000: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged over 10 per thousand people: Number of females older than 10 years, who are literate. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years) is the number of grades (years) in secondary school."
Teacher student ratio > High school: Secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Children out of school > Primary per 1000: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
High school repeaters > Female: Repeaters in secondary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in secondary school."
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Literacy rate > Females aged 15-24: Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life."
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 11: Intended hours of instruction per year for 11 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Elementary school > Enrolled students: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age."
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 12: Intended hours of instruction per year for 12 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Literacy > Literates > Aged 15-19 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret: Integrate and interpret.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share: Percentage of primary students who attend a private school.
High school > Lower secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin lower secondary (middle school) education.
Elementary school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
High school enrolment rate > Female: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Duration of education > Secondary level: Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (or years) in general secondary education.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level: Public expenditure per student, tertiary level is the total reported current spending by the government on tertiary education, divided by the total number of pupils in tertiary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Primary education > Pupils: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men: Gender Inequality Index.
Literacy rate > Males aged 15-24: Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life."
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Secondary education, vocational pupils: Secondary education, vocational pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. Technical/vocational programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for primary education.
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for education that goes to school staff salaries.
Secondary education > Teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
School enrolment rate > 5th grade: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 30-34 per thousand people: Compares countries by number of illiterate individuals, in the age range 30 to 34. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Scientific and technical journal articles per million: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts: Continuous texts.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts: Non-continuous texts.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Duration of education > Primary level: Duration of primary education is the number of grades (or years) in primary education.
Expected duration of education for all students: Expected years of schooling for a 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Public spending per student > Secondary level: Public expenditure per student, secondary level is the total reported current spending by the government on secondary education, divided by the total number of pupils in secondary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Illiterate population by sex > Aged 15+ per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Progression to secondary school: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Children out of school > Primary > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Literacy > Literates > Aged 15-19: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 35-39: Compares countries by number of illiterate individuals, in the age range 35 to 39. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems
Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate: Reflect and evaluate.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
High school > Upper secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin upper secondary (high school) education.
Elementary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
Teaching weeks per year > Primary: Average number of weeks taught per year by primary level teachers. Data for 2000.
Elementary school repeaters > All: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
School life expectancy > Male: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Primary teacher salary > Starting: Annual statutory teachers' salaries in public institutions in primary education, in equivalent US dollars converted using PPPs. Data for 1999.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.
The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad.
Library books per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in primary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
Primary education > Teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 35-39 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 10-14: Compares countries by number of male illiterates, in the age range 10 to 14. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems
Literacy > Literates > Aged over 10 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Private school enrolment > Primary level: Private sector enrolment share, primary level is the share of primary school pupils who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 10: Intended hours of instruction per year for 10 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Primary education > Teachers per 1000: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Literacy > Men above 14 years: Percent of male population above the age of 14 years that is literate.
Children out of school > Primary > Female > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Female enrolment share > Primary level: Girls' enrolment share, primary level is the number of girls enrolled in primary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in primary school.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning technology: Intended instruction time spent studying technology, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
Primary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age (years). Entrance age of primary is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
Scouting > Members: Members of boy or girl scout groups which are members of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM).
Elementary (primary) school > Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries: Percentage of public funding for primary education that goes to teachers' salaries.
Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for primary education that goes to school staff salaries.
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level: Net enrolment ratio, secondary level, is the ratio of the number of children of official secondary school age enrolled in school to the number of children of official secondary school age in the population.
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Children out of school > Primary > Male: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index in primary, or elementary, school. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13: Intended hours of instruction per year for 14 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9: Intended hours of instruction per year for 9 year olds in public educational institutions. Data for 2000.
Female enrolment share > Secondary level: Girls' enrolment share, secondary level is the number of girls enrolled in secondary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in secondary school.
Private school enrolment > Secondary level: Private sector enrolment share, secondary level is the share of students in general secondary education who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 50-54 per thousand people: Compares countries by number of illiterate individuals, in the age range 50 to 54. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 15-19: Number of females aged 15-19 years, who are literate.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 35-39: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 65-69 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 25-29 per thousand people: Compares countries by number of illiterate individuals, in the age range 25 to 29. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Literates > Aged 40-44 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 35-39 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 25-29 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 15-19 per thousand people: Compares countries by number of illiterate individuals, in the age range 15 to 19. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 20-24: Compares countries by number of illiterate individuals, in the age range 20 to 24. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems
Scouting > Members per thousand people: Membership (from 2012). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64: For each age group shown, those who have completed tertiary education are shown as a percentage of all persons in that age group. Tertiary education includes both tertiary-type "A programmes”, which are largely theoretically-based and designed to provide qualifications for entry to advanced research programmes and professions with high skill requirements, as well as tertiary-type "B programmes” which are classified at the same level of competencies as tertiary-type A programmes but are more occupationally-oriented and lead to direct labour market access. The tertiary attainment profiles are based on the percentage of the population aged 25 to 64 that has completed that level of education.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning science: Intended instruction time spent studying science, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
School life expectancy > Female: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Elementary school repeaters > Female: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
Elementary school repeaters > Male: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
Children out of school > Primary > Male > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Elementary school teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
High school teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Primary teacher salary > After 15 years: Annual statutory teachers' salaries in public institutions in primary education, in equivalent US dollars converted using PPPs. Data for 1999.
High school enrolment rate > Male: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 15 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Literacy > Women above 14 years: Percent of female population above the age of 14 years that is literate.
Gender ratio > Literacy rate of 15-24 year-olds: Literacy gender parity rate of 15-24 year olds in each country. This number is achieved by dividing the total amount of females who are literate by the total amount of males who are literate. Numbers below 1 mean that more males are literate, while numbers over 1 indicate that more females are literate, with the difference in the numbers indicating to what extent this is true. For instance, in Chad (with a parity rate of .42%) a substantial amount of more males are literate than females. These numbers are only for 15-24 year olds.
Illiterate population by sex > Aged 15+ > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Illiterate population by sex > Aged 15+ > Women per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 20 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning vocational skills: Intended instruction time spent studying vocational skills, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
Primary education > Pupils per 1000: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Intake ratio to last grade of primary > Females: Number of female entrants in the last grade of primary education (regardless of age) expressed as a percentage of the female population at entrance age to the last grade.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in secondary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.
The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning foreign languages: Intended instruction time spent studying modern foreign languages, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
Primary teacher salary > Starting per 1000: Annual statutory teachers' salaries in public institutions in primary education, in equivalent US dollars converted using PPPs. Data for 1999. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Library members per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Library employees per million: . Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Pupils reaching grade 5: Pupils reaching grade 5 is the percentage of children who start primary school and eventually reach grade 5.
Expected duration of education for males: Expected years of schooling for a male 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 19 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 16 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 60-64: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 45-49: Compares countries by number of male illiterates, in the age range 45 to 49. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged over 10: Compares countries by number of illiterate individuals aged over 10. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 65-69: Compares countries by number of male illiterates, in the age range 65 to 69. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 75-79: Compares countries by number of illiterate individuals, in the age range 75 to 79. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 75-79: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Secondary education, vocational pupils > % female: Secondary education, vocational pupils (% female). Percentage of female students. Total secondary. Technical/vocational programmes is the number of female students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at the secondary education level expressed as a percentage of the total number of students (male and female) enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at the secondary education level in a given school year.
School enrollment, secondary > % net: School enrollment, secondary (% net). Net enrolment rate. Secondary. All programmes. Total is the ratio of children of the official secondary school age who are enrolled in secondary school to the population of the official secondary school age.
Total enrollment, primary > % net: Total enrollment, primary (% net). Adjusted net enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group.
Literacy and Attainment > Educational attainment: completed post-secondary > Post-secondary and tertiary education > Population 25+ years > % > Over 24 year olds: Compares countries by the percentage of its population 25 years or older that has completed post-secondary education, as defined by the levels 4, 5 and 6 of ISCED (International Standard Classification of Education), and index developed by UNESCO. The data was compiled by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), which elaborates statistics to provide a global perspective on education, science, culture, and communication
Total enrollment, primary, female > % net: Total enrollment, primary, female (% net). Adjusted net enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group.
School enrollment > Secondary > Private > % of total secondary: Private enrollment refers to pupils or students enrolled in institutions that are not operated by a public authority but controlled and managed, whether for profit or not, by a private body such as a nongovernmental organization, religious body, special interest group, foundation or business enterprise.
Repeaters, primary, total > % of total enrollment: Repeaters, primary, total (% of total enrollment). Percentage of repeaters in primary. All grades. Total is the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school. It is calculated by dividing the sum of repeaters in all grades of primary education by the total enrolment of primary education and multiplying the result by 100.
Persistence to grade 5, male > % of cohort: Persistence to grade 5, male (% of cohort). Survival rate to grade 5. Male is the share of male children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is calculated on the basis of the reconstructed cohort method, which uses data on enrolment and repeaters for two consecutive years.
Unemployment with primary education > Female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Persistence to grade 5, female > % of cohort: Persistence to grade 5, female (% of cohort). Survival rate to grade 5. Female is the share of female children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is calculated on the basis of the reconstructed cohort method, which uses data on enrolment and repeaters for two consecutive years.
Children out of school > Primary > Male per 1000: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 30-34: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Literacy rate, adult male > % of males ages 15 and above: Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above). Adult (15+) literacy rate (%). Male is the percentage of males age 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life. Generally, u2018literacyu2019 also encompasses u2018numeracyu2019, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations. This indicator is calculated by dividing the number of male literates aged 15 years and over by the corresponding age group population and multiplying the result by 100.
Literacy > Literacy rate, adult female > % of females ages 15 and above: Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above). Adult (15+) literacy rate (%). Female is the percentage of females age 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life. Generally, u2018literacyu2019 also encompasses u2018numeracyu2019, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations. This indicator is calculated by dividing the number of female literates aged 15 years and over by the corresponding age group population and multiplying the result by 100.
Literacy > Literacy rate, youth female > % of females ages 15-24: Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15-24). Youth (15-24) literacy rate (%). Female is the number of females age 15 to 24 years who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement on their everyday life, divided by the female population in that age group. Generally, u2018literacyu2019 also encompasses u2018numeracyu2019, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations.
Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education, male > % of relevant age group: Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education, male (% of relevant age group). Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age.
School enrollment, primary, male > % gross: School enrollment, primary, male (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Primary. Male is the total male enrollment in primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the male population of official primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
School enrollment > Tertiary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.
Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Female > % of relevant age group: Gross intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 45-49 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 30-34 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Services, etc., value added > Current US$: Services, etc., value added (current US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Services, etc., value added > Constant LCU: Services, etc., value added (constant LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant local currency.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 80-84 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Literacy rate, youth total > % of people ages 15-24: Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24). Youth (15-24) literacy rate (%). Total is the number of people age 15 to 24 years who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement on their everyday life, divided by the population in that age group. Generally, u2018literacyu2019 also encompasses u2018numeracyu2019, the ability to make simple arithmetic calculations.
Literacy > Literates > Aged 10-14 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy rate > Youth female > % of females ages 15-24: Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life.
School enrollment > Secondary > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
Services, etc., value added > Constant LCU per capita: Services, etc., value added (constant LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Unemployment with primary education > Male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
School enrollment > Preprimary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment.
Secondary education > Teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Labor force with tertiary education, female > % of female labor force: Labor force with tertiary education, female (% of female labor force). Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with primary education > % of total: Labor force with primary education (% of total). Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with secondary education, male > % of male labor force: Labor force with secondary education, male (% of male labor force). Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with secondary education > % of total: Labor force with secondary education (% of total). Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education (% of total unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Progression to secondary school > Male: Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 10-14: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 45-49: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Primary education > Pupils > Per capita: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Net intake rate in grade 1 > Male > % of official school-age population: Net intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education who are of official primary school entrance age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the corresponding age.
Persistence to grade 5 > Female > % of cohort: Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Researchers in R&D > Per million people: Researchers in R&D (per million people). Researchers in R&D are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods, or systems and in the management of the projects concerned. Postgraduate PhD students (ISCED97 level 6) engaged in R&D are included.
High school teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Literacy > Literates > Aged over 10: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 40-44: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Elementary school graduate rate > Female: Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.
Inputs > Secondary education > Teachers > Female: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Male: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 55-59: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Literates > Aged 10-14: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Female: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils > % female: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils > % female: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at secondary level includes enrollments in public and private schools.
School enrollment, tertiary, male > % gross: School enrollment, tertiary, male (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Tertiary (ISCED 5 and 6). Male is the total male enrollment in tertiary education (ISCED 5 and 6), regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total male population of the five-year age group following on from secondary school leaving.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 30-34 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Male literates > Aged 40-44: Compares countries by number of male literates, in the age range 40 to 44. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 70-74: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 25-29: Compares countries by number of illiterate individuals, in the age range 25 to 29. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 60-64: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Male literates > Aged 50-54: Compares countries by number of male literates, in the age range 50 to 54. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems.
Literacy > Literates > Aged 50-54 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged over 10 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Male literates > Aged 35-39 per thousand people: Compares countries by number of male literates, in the age range 35 to 39. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Male literates > Aged 60-64 per thousand people: Compares countries by number of male literates, in the age range 60 to 64. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Male literates > Aged 10-14: Compares countries by number of male literates, in the age range 10 to 14. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Participation > School enrollment > Tertiary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level."
Literacy > Male literates > Aged 25-29 per thousand people: Compares countries by number of male illiterates, in the age range 25 to 29. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged over 10 per thousand people: Compares countries by number of illiterate individuals aged over 10. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 65-69 per thousand people: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 60-64 per thousand people: Compares countries by number of male illiterates, in the age range 60 to 64. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Primary teacher salary per hour > After 15 years: Annual statutory teachers' salaries in public institutions in primary level education, per hour after 15 years experience and typical training. Expressed in equivalent US dollars converted using Purchasing Power Parities (PPP's). Data for 1999.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 30-34: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 15-19 per thousand people:
Number of females aged 15-19 years, who are illiterate.
. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Public spending on private institutions: Percentage share of total public education expenditure which goes to private educational institutions. Includes both direct expenditure and indirect public transfers and payments. Data for 1999.
Literacy rate > Adult male > % of males ages 15 and above: Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life.
Proportion of 20 year olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 20 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 19 year olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 19 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 10-14 per thousand people: Number of males aged 10-14 years, who are illiterate. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning mathematics: Intended instruction time spent practicing mathematics, as a percentage of total intended instruction time for students 12 to 14 years of age. Data for 1999.
Literacy > Literates > Aged 80-84: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Literates > Aged 25-29: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 20-24: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 75-79: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 25-29: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 55-59: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 20-24: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 70-74: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 35-39: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 35-39: Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence.
Literacy and Attainment > Educational attainment: completed tertiary > Tertiary > Population 25+ years > % > Over 24 year olds: Percentage of population older than 24 years that has completed tertiary education.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged over 10: Number of females older than 10 years, who are literate.
Primary education, teachers > % female: Primary education, teachers (% female). Percentage female teachers. Primary is the number of female teachers at the primary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers (male and female) at the primary level in a given school year. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Tertiary education, teachers > % female: Tertiary education, teachers (% female). Percentage female teachers. Tertiary is the number of female teachers at the tertiary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers (male and female) at the tertiary level in a given school year. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Unemployment with secondary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with secondary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 35-39 per thousand people: Compares countries by number of illiterate individuals, in the age range 35 to 39. The data was gathered by the United Nations Statistics Division, whose self-declared mission is to compile and disseminate global statistical information, develop standards and norms for statistical activities, and support countries’ efforts to strengthen their national statistical systems. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.

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STAT	Italy	Turkey
Adult literacy rate > Total	98.8 Ranked 20th. 11% more than Turkey	88.66 Ranked 16th.
Average years of schooling of adults	7.2 Ranked 36th. 36% more than Turkey	5.3 Ranked 63th.
Children out of school, primary	25,573 Ranked 58th.	243,731 Ranked 22nd. 10 times more than Italy
Children out of school, primary per 1000	0.421 Ranked 106th.	3.34 Ranked 65th. 8 times more than Italy
Children out of school, primary, female	17,905 Ranked 48th.	139,953 Ranked 17th. 8 times more than Italy
College and university > Gender parity index	1.39 Ranked 35th. 70% more than Turkey	0.82 Ranked 93th.
Compulsary education duration	10 Ranked 64th. 25% more than Turkey	8 Ranked 157th.
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP	4.5% Ranked 64th. 57% more than Turkey	2.86% Ranked 93th.
High school enrolment rate	99.72 Ranked 10th. 5% more than Turkey	94.86 Ranked 51st.
Homeschooling legal status	Legal, homeschooling is allowed by the constitution.	Illegal, public education is mandatory without known exceptions.
Literacy > Total population	98.6% Ranked 36th. 13% more than Turkey	87.4% Ranked 13th.
Primary education, duration > Years	5 Ranked 167th. The same as Turkey	5 Ranked 174th.
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary	10.33 Ranked 139th.	27.75 Ranked 49th. 3 times more than Italy
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary	10.1 Ranked 100th.	21.76 Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Italy
Secondary education, duration > Years	8 Ranked 15th. 14% more than Turkey	7 Ranked 77th.
Primary education, teachers per 1000	4.6 Ranked 70th. 15% more than Turkey	3.98 Ranked 72nd.
College and university > Share of total education spending	18.76% Ranked 63th.	31.9% Ranked 7th. 70% more than Italy
Literacy > Female	98.3% Ranked 33th. 23% more than Turkey	79.6% Ranked 13th.
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000	0.295 Ranked 86th.	1.92 Ranked 58th. 6 times more than Italy
College and university > Gender ratio	140.71 Ranked 27th. 80% more than Turkey	78 Ranked 73th.
Child care (preschool) > Duration	3 Ranked 89th. The same as Turkey	3 Ranked 117th.
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita	7.17 per 1,000 people Ranked 41st. 3 times more than Turkey	2.78 per 1,000 people Ranked 88th.
Duration of compulsory education	9 years Ranked 86th. The same as Turkey	9 years Ranked 96th.
Secondary education, pupils	4.63 million Ranked 17th.	7.97 million Ranked 9th. 72% more than Italy
College and university > Private school share	9.59% Ranked 90th. 86% more than Turkey	5.16% Ranked 95th.
Girls to boys ratio > Primary level enrolment	1 Ranked 43th. 5% more than Turkey	0.95 Ranked 110th.
School life expectancy > Total	14.7 years Ranked 20th. 55% more than Turkey	9.5 years Ranked 82nd.
Literacy > Adult literacy	98.9% Ranked 19th. 11% more than Turkey	88.7% Ranked 61st.
Primary education, pupils	2.83 million Ranked 37th.	6.58 million Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Italy
Primary education, teachers	273,113 Ranked 18th. 17% more than Turkey	233,073 Ranked 13th.
Adult literacy rate > Female	98.5 Ranked 22nd. 21% more than Turkey	81.26 Ranked 19th.
Tertiary enrollment	49.9% Ranked 22nd. 3 times more than Turkey	15% Ranked 16th.
Spending per student > College and university	22.28 Ranked 36th.	28.09 Ranked 41st. 26% more than Italy
High school > Gender ratio	99.03 Ranked 81st. 12% more than Turkey	88.57 Ranked 94th.
Compulsary education starting age	6 Ranked 103th. The same as Turkey	6 Ranked 140th.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million	0.17 Ranked 107th.	0.36 Ranked 42nd. 2 times more than Italy
Literacy > Definition	age 15 and over can read and write	age 15 and over can read and write
High school > Upper secondary school duration	5 Ranked 4th. 25% more than Turkey	4 Ranked 47th.
Literacy > Male	99% Ranked 32nd. 4% more than Turkey	95.3% Ranked 6th.
Spending > USD	101.89 billion Ranked 6th. 4 times more than Turkey	27.01 billion Ranked 21st.
Spending > Proportion	4.52 Ranked 70th. 23% more than Turkey	3.68 Ranked 99th.
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary	10.62 Ranked 138th.	30.38 Ranked 53th. 3 times more than Italy
Child care (preschool) > Starting age	3 Ranked 158th. The same as Turkey	3 Ranked 193th.
High school repeaters > Male	3.86 Ranked 53th.	6.55 Ranked 40th. 70% more than Italy
Literacy rates > Aged 15-24	99.8% Ranked 1st. 4% more than Turkey	95.6% Ranked 22nd.
Preschool enrollment rate	103.82 Ranked 80th. 5% more than Turkey	99.3 Ranked 91st.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad	47,272.98 Ranked 12th.	50,908.41 Ranked 10th. 8% more than Italy
Primary completion rate	101 Ranked 31st. 16% more than Turkey	87 Ranked 77th.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level	1.91 million Ranked 20th.	1.92 million Ranked 19th. About the same as Italy
Teachers as percentage of labor force	4.7% Ranked 10th. 38% more than Turkey	3.4% Ranked 28th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall	486 Ranked 27th. 5% more than Turkey	464 Ranked 39th.
Elementary (primary school) > Duration	5 Ranked 177th. The same as Turkey	5 Ranked 184th.
Children out of school > Primary	11,194 Ranked 73th.	899,833 Ranked 10th. 80 times more than Italy
Secondary education, teachers per 1000	7.59 Ranked 33th. 2 times more than Turkey	3.62 Ranked 39th.
Secondary education, teachers	450,757 Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Turkey	218,829 Ranked 10th.
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher	11.62 Ranked 101st.	23.09 Ranked 30th. 99% more than Italy
High school > Lower secondary school duration	3 Ranked 146th. The same as Turkey	3 Ranked 178th.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000	0.126 Ranked 97th.	1.42 Ranked 67th. 11 times more than Italy
Spending per student > High school	25.38 Ranked 17th. 2 times more than Turkey	10.95 Ranked 76th.
Secondary education, general pupils	2.92 million Ranked 21st.	6.67 million Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Italy
Illiteracy rates by sex > Aged 15+	1.4% Ranked 122nd.	13.5% Ranked 70th. 10 times more than Italy
High school > Gender parity index	0.986 Ranked 91st. 7% more than Turkey	0.919 Ranked 114th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills	486 Ranked 27th. 5% more than Turkey	464 Ranked 39th.
Scientific and technical journal articles	24,696 Ranked 8th. 4 times more than Turkey	6,224 Ranked 21st.
Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve	482 Ranked 30th. 3% more than Turkey	467 Ranked 39th.
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female	36% Ranked 21st.	41% Ranked 16th. 14% more than Italy
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion	2.4% Ranked 88th. 80% more than Turkey	1.33% Ranked 104th.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000	33.48 Ranked 40th. 13% more than Turkey	29.51 Ranked 51st.
Scouting > Genders admitted	both	both
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age	6 Ranked 130th. The same as Turkey	6 Ranked 167th.
Children out of school, primary, male	7,668 Ranked 57th.	103,778 Ranked 20th. 14 times more than Italy
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of GNI	4.7% Ranked 56th. 24% more than Turkey	3.8% Ranked 81st.
High school > Students per teacher	10.1 Ranked 103th.	21.76 Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Italy
Secondary education > General pupils	2.81 million Ranked 26th.	4.01 million Ranked 20th. 43% more than Italy
Spending per student > Elementary school	22.8 Ranked 17th. 79% more than Turkey	12.77 Ranked 59th.
Secondary school starting age > Years	11 Ranked 168th. The same as Turkey	11 Ranked 179th.
High school starting age > Years	11 Ranked 147th.	12 Ranked 115th. 9% more than Italy
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita	4.48 per 1,000 people Ranked 78th. 14% more than Turkey	3.94 per 1,000 people Ranked 87th.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 15-19 per thousand people	25.34 Ranked 27th.	41.73 Ranked 4th. 65% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Primary level	2.78 million Ranked 45th.	7.9 million Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Italy
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women	68% Ranked 60th. 3 times more than Turkey	26.7% Ranked 115th.
Elementary school graduate rate	99.56 Ranked 8th. 6% more than Turkey	94.23 Ranked 38th.
Literacy rate > People aged 15-24	99.9 Ranked 3rd. 4% more than Turkey	96.36 Ranked 16th.
Schools connected to the Internet	88% Ranked 20th. 2 times more than Turkey	40% Ranked 27th.
Public spending per student > Primary level	21.2 Ranked 14th. 20% more than Turkey	17.6 Ranked 24th.
Primary education, pupils per 1000	46.56 Ranked 138th.	90.08 Ranked 87th. 93% more than Italy
Secondary education, pupils per 1000	76.25 Ranked 85th.	109.03 Ranked 19th. 43% more than Italy
Girls to boys ratio > Tertiary level enrolment	1.34 Ranked 42nd. 81% more than Turkey	0.74 Ranked 72nd.
Illiterate population by sex > Aged 15+	685,500 Ranked 70th.	6.61 million Ranked 16th. 10 times more than Italy
Girls to boys ratio > Secondary level enrolment	0.99 Ranked 97th. 21% more than Turkey	0.82 Ranked 116th.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged over 10 per thousand people	462.13 Ranked 5th. 18% more than Turkey	391.17 Ranked 9th.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita	33.48 per 1,000 people Ranked 40th. 21% more than Turkey	27.55 per 1,000 people Ranked 56th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people	0.778 Ranked 126th. 12% more than Turkey	0.697 Ranked 131st.
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years	8 Ranked 14th. 60% more than Turkey	5 Ranked 174th.
Teacher student ratio > High school	10.1 Ranked 97th.	23.32 Ranked 29th. 2 times more than Italy
Children out of school > Primary per 1000	0.192 Ranked 115th.	13.46 Ranked 30th. 70 times more than Italy
Inequality adjusted index	0.74 Ranked 36th. 67% more than Turkey	0.442 Ranked 82nd.
High school repeaters > Female	2.18 Ranked 59th.	4.46 Ranked 43th. 2 times more than Italy
Illiterate population by sex > Aged 15+ > Women	447,300 Ranked 69th.	5.2 million Ranked 15th. 12 times more than Italy
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school	10.33 Ranked 132nd.	27.75 Ranked 53th. 3 times more than Italy
Literacy rate > Females aged 15-24	99.9 Ranked 6th. 6% more than Turkey	94.29 Ranked 19th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 11	1,020 hours Ranked 6th. 28% more than Turkey	796 hours Ranked 26th.
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5	99.8% Ranked 4th. 6% more than Turkey	94.1% Ranked 38th.
Elementary school > Enrolled students	2.82 million Ranked 42nd.	6.76 million Ranked 16th. 2 times more than Italy
Primary education > Duration > Years	5 years Ranked 159th.	6 years Ranked 135th. 20% more than Italy
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$19,316.27 Ranked 16th. 4 times more than Turkey	$4,496.78 Ranked 20th.
School enrolment rate > 1st grade	105.66 Ranked 56th. 6% more than Turkey	99.38 Ranked 75th.
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000	48.17 Ranked 127th.	91.31 Ranked 25th. 90% more than Italy
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 12	1,020 hours Ranked 10th. 28% more than Turkey	796 hours Ranked 32nd.
Literacy > Literates > Aged 15-19 per thousand people	51.94 Ranked 27th.	85.84 Ranked 2nd. 65% more than Italy
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret	490 Ranked 25th. 7% more than Turkey	459 Ranked 40th.
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share	6.93% Ranked 87th. 9 times more than Turkey	0.751% Ranked 88th.
High school > Lower secondary starting age	11 Ranked 174th. The same as Turkey	11 Ranked 186th.
Elementary school > Gender ratio	99.14 Ranked 61st. 2% more than Turkey	97.38 Ranked 83th.
High school enrolment rate > Female	99.42 Ranked 18th. 7% more than Turkey	93.2 Ranked 52nd.
Illiteracy rates by sex > Aged 15+ > Women	1.7% Ranked 121st.	21.4% Ranked 57th. 13 times more than Italy
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level	99% Ranked 20th. 11% more than Turkey	89% Ranked 95th.
Duration of education > Secondary level	8 Ranked 15th. 33% more than Turkey	6 Ranked 133th.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level	26 Ranked 56th.	72.1 Ranked 22nd. 3 times more than Italy
Primary education > Pupils	2.77 million Ranked 43th.	7.87 million Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Italy
Secondary education > Pupils	4.51 million Ranked 18th.	5.33 million Ranked 15th. 18% more than Italy
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men	78.1% Ranked 49th. 84% more than Turkey	42.4% Ranked 108th.
Literacy rate > Males aged 15-24	99.9 Ranked 2nd. 1% more than Turkey	98.58 Ranked 8th.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita	79.22 per 1,000 people Ranked 95th.	82.47 per 1,000 people Ranked 89th. 4% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Tertiary level	56.25% Ranked 38th. 33% more than Turkey	42.25% Ranked 100th.
Secondary education, vocational pupils	1.71 million Ranked 6th.	1.84 million Ranked 5th. 8% more than Italy
Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher	10.33 Ranked 141st.	27.75 Ranked 47th. 3 times more than Italy
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries	78.45% Ranked 33th.	83.36% Ranked 13th. 6% more than Italy
Secondary education > Teachers	417,023.3 Ranked 11th. 3 times more than Turkey	159,401 Ranked 20th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary	16 years Ranked 20th. 45% more than Turkey	11 years Ranked 76th.
School enrolment rate > 5th grade	99.56 Ranked 7th. 6% more than Turkey	94.23 Ranked 32nd.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level	4.53 million Ranked 22nd.	5.74 million Ranked 18th. 27% more than Italy
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 30-34 per thousand people	0.318 Ranked 21st.	1.52 Ranked 3rd. 5 times more than Italy
Scientific and technical journal articles per million	428.72 Ranked 22nd. 5 times more than Turkey	94.39 Ranked 37th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts	489 Ranked 26th. 5% more than Turkey	466 Ranked 39th.
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts	476 Ranked 29th. 3% more than Turkey	461 Ranked 39th.
Duration of education > Primary level	5 Ranked 141st.	6 Ranked 126th. 20% more than Italy
Women to men parity index > As ratio of literacy rates > Aged 15-24	1 Ranked 14th. 5% more than Turkey	0.95 Ranked 27th.
Expected duration of education for all students	15.8 years Ranked 23th. 56% more than Turkey	10.1 years Ranked 30th.
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education	99.07% Ranked 81st. 7% more than Turkey	92.87% Ranked 95th.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary	19,018 Ranked 68th.	361,419 Ranked 18th. 19 times more than Italy
Public spending per student > Secondary level	27.1 Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Turkey	11.8 Ranked 59th.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Primary level	48.41% Ranked 85th. 2% more than Turkey	47.46% Ranked 134th.
Illiterate population by sex > Aged 15+ per 1000	11.9 Ranked 115th.	100.22 Ranked 63th. 8 times more than Italy
Progression to secondary school	99.65% Ranked 12th. 9% more than Turkey	91.09% Ranked 58th.
Literacy rates > Aged 15-24 > Women	99.8% Ranked 3rd. 7% more than Turkey	93.3% Ranked 23th.
Children out of school > Primary > Per capita	0.192 per 1,000 people Ranked 116th.	12.65 per 1,000 people Ranked 32nd. 66 times more than Italy
Literacy > Literates > Aged 15-19	2.96 million Ranked 5th.	6.27 million Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Italy
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 35-39	23,155 Ranked 11th.	105,000 Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than Italy
Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate	482 Ranked 30th. 2% more than Turkey	473 Ranked 32nd.
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Women	99% Ranked 19th. 14% more than Turkey	87% Ranked 98th.
High school > Upper secondary starting age	14 Ranked 192nd. The same as Turkey	14 Ranked 199th.
Elementary school starting age > Years	6 Ranked 117th. The same as Turkey	6 Ranked 146th.
Library books	13.19 million Ranked 2nd. 8 times more than Turkey	1.55 million Ranked 27th.
Teaching weeks per year > Primary	34 weeks per year Ranked 34th.	38 weeks per year Ranked 21st. 12% more than Italy
Elementary school repeaters > All	0.24 Ranked 123th.	2.13 Ranked 72nd. 9 times more than Italy
School life expectancy > Male	14.5 years Ranked 19th. 39% more than Turkey	10.4 years Ranked 69th.
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita	48.3 per 1,000 people Ranked 127th.	56.37 per 1,000 people Ranked 115th. 17% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000	48.62 Ranked 155th.	121.56 Ranked 78th. 3 times more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita	0.049 per capita Ranked 151st.	0.114 per capita Ranked 85th. 2 times more than Italy
Illiteracy rates by sex > Aged 15+ > Men	1% Ranked 117th.	5.7% Ranked 88th. 6 times more than Italy
Primary teacher salary > Starting	$19,188.00 Ranked 14th. 2 times more than Turkey	$9,116.00 Ranked 20th.
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Men	100% Ranked 13th. 9% more than Turkey	92% Ranked 76th.
Literacy rates > Aged 15-24 > Men	99.8% Ranked 1st. 2% more than Turkey	98% Ranked 10th.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD	1.09% Ranked 24th. 85% more than Turkey	0.59% Ranked 26th.
Library books per 1000	231.7 Ranked 3rd. 9 times more than Turkey	24.94 Ranked 39th.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level	10.7 Ranked 132nd.	27.7 Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Italy
Primary education > Teachers	260,769.1 Ranked 15th. 15% more than Turkey	225,852 Ranked 19th.
Secondary education > Vocational pupils	1.7 million Ranked 6th. 28% more than Turkey	1.32 million Ranked 9th.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Secondary level	48.46% Ranked 100th. 15% more than Turkey	42.04% Ranked 142nd.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 35-39 per thousand people	0.221 Ranked 20th.	0.274 Ranked 6th. 24% more than Italy
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 10-14	1,771 Ranked 17th.	7,000 Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Italy
Literacy > Literates > Aged over 10 per thousand people	893.72 Ranked 2nd. 10% more than Turkey	810.58 Ranked 9th.
Private school enrolment > Primary level	7 Ranked 44th. 4 times more than Turkey	1.8 Ranked 73th.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years	5 Ranked 148th.	6 Ranked 125th. 20% more than Italy
Library employees	595 Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Turkey	208 Ranked 27th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 10	1,020 hours Ranked 7th. 28% more than Turkey	796 hours Ranked 23th.
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000	77.45 Ranked 78th.	79.75 Ranked 74th. 3% more than Italy
Primary education > Teachers per 1000	4.48 Ranked 76th. 9% more than Turkey	4.11 Ranked 84th.
Literacy > Men above 14 years	98.8% Ranked 6th. 4% more than Turkey	95.3% Ranked 8th.
Children out of school > Primary > Female > Per capita	0.118 per 1,000 people Ranked 109th.	7.68 per 1,000 people Ranked 28th. 65 times more than Italy
Female enrolment share > Primary level	48.5% Ranked 78th. 3% more than Turkey	47% Ranked 119th.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$	$1.17 trillion Ranked 5th. 4 times more than Turkey	$332.75 billion Ranked 8th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning technology	9	8
Primary school starting age > Years	6 Ranked 130th. The same as Turkey	6 Ranked 165th.
Scouting > Members	102,066 Ranked 16th. 3 times more than Turkey	40,579 Ranked 36th.
Elementary (primary) school > Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries	63.76% Ranked 31st.	89.79% Ranked 4th. 41% more than Italy
Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries	82.58% Ranked 43th.	89.79% Ranked 23th. 9% more than Italy
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level	90.5% Ranked 10th. 76% more than Turkey	51.3% Ranked 4th.
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils	2.87 million Ranked 25th.	5.53 million Ranked 12th. 93% more than Italy
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000	7.17 Ranked 40th. 2 times more than Turkey	2.9 Ranked 86th.
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment	99.51 Ranked 46th. 6% more than Turkey	94.07 Ranked 129th.
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000	48.3 Ranked 126th.	59.99 Ranked 103th. 24% more than Italy
Children out of school > Primary > Male	4,320 Ranked 74th.	353,712 Ranked 14th. 82 times more than Italy
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index	0.986 Ranked 86th.	0.988 Ranked 80th. About the same as Italy
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 13	0.0 Ranked 38th.	0.0 Ranked 36th.
Hours of instruction for pupils aged 9	1,020 hours Ranked 7th. 28% more than Turkey	796 hours Ranked 21st.
Female enrolment share > Secondary level	48.1% Ranked 89th. 28% more than Turkey	37.5% Ranked 121st.
Private school enrolment > Secondary level	5.5 Ranked 18th. 20% more than Turkey	4.6 Ranked 67th.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000	79.23 Ranked 95th.	88.31 Ranked 79th. 11% more than Italy
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 50-54 per thousand people	0.522 Ranked 19th.	2.59 Ranked 4th. 5 times more than Italy
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 15-19	1.44 million Ranked 5th.	3.05 million Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Italy
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 35-39	12,610 Ranked 10th.	20,000 Ranked 2nd. 59% more than Italy
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 65-69 per thousand people	1.36 Ranked 12th.	4 Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Italy
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 25-29 per thousand people	0.223 Ranked 24th.	1.49 Ranked 4th. 7 times more than Italy
Literacy > Literates > Aged 40-44 per thousand people	70.95 Ranked 8th. 13% more than Turkey	62.72 Ranked 10th.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 35-39 per thousand people	0.185 Ranked 21st.	1.15 Ranked 3rd. 6 times more than Italy
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 25-29 per thousand people	0.106 Ranked 23th.	1.11 Ranked 3rd. 11 times more than Italy
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 15-19 per thousand people	0.0764 Ranked 27th.	0.589 Ranked 6th. 8 times more than Italy
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 20-24	7,648 Ranked 17th.	98,000 Ranked 2nd. 13 times more than Italy
Scouting > Members per thousand people	1.68 Ranked 70th. 3 times more than Turkey	0.548 Ranked 116th.
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64	8.58% Ranked 27th. 12% more than Turkey	7.68% Ranked 29th.
Primary completion rate > Women	101 Ranked 30th. 22% more than Turkey	83 Ranked 76th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning science	10% Ranked 26th. 25% more than Turkey	8% Ranked 32nd.
School life expectancy > Female	14.8 years Ranked 20th. 74% more than Turkey	8.5 years Ranked 76th.
Elementary school repeaters > Female	0.18 Ranked 121st.	2.19 Ranked 69th. 12 times more than Italy
Elementary school repeaters > Male	0.3 Ranked 120th.	2.07 Ranked 74th. 7 times more than Italy
Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5 > Men	100% Ranked 6th. 5% more than Turkey	95.3% Ranked 32nd.
Children out of school > Primary > Male > Per capita	0.074 per 1,000 people Ranked 111th.	4.97 per 1,000 people Ranked 44th. 67 times more than Italy
Elementary school teachers	273,113 Ranked 16th. 17% more than Turkey	233,073 Ranked 14th.
High school teachers	450,757 Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Turkey	218,829 Ranked 9th.
Primary teacher salary > After 15 years	$23,137.00 Ranked 17th. 2 times more than Turkey	$10,327.00 Ranked 20th.
High school enrolment rate > Male	100 Ranked 9th. 4% more than Turkey	96.37 Ranked 39th.
Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education	89% Ranked 26th. 2 times more than Turkey	42% Ranked 33th.
Literacy > Women above 14 years	98% Ranked 5th. 23% more than Turkey	79.6% Ranked 19th.
Gender ratio > Literacy rate of 15-24 year-olds	1% Ranked 14th. 5% more than Turkey	0.95% Ranked 12th.
Illiterate population by sex > Aged 15+ > Per capita	11.9 per 1,000 people Ranked 119th.	93.45 per 1,000 people Ranked 66th. 8 times more than Italy
Illiterate population by sex > Aged 15+ > Women per 1000	7.76 Ranked 116th.	78.87 Ranked 52nd. 10 times more than Italy
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education	26% Ranked 17th. Twice as much as Turkey	13% Ranked 26th.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils	4.51 million Ranked 17th.	5.08 million Ranked 15th. 13% more than Italy
Primary completion rate > Men	101 Ranked 28th. 11% more than Turkey	91 Ranked 62nd.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning vocational skills	n	5
Primary education > Pupils per 1000	47.59 Ranked 155th.	117.77 Ranked 80th. 2 times more than Italy
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment	98.81 Ranked 88th. 32% more than Turkey	74.73 Ranked 136th.
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita	77.45 per 1,000 people Ranked 83th. 3% more than Turkey	74.92 per 1,000 people Ranked 91st.
Intake ratio to last grade of primary > Females	None	None
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level	10.5 Ranked 102nd.	22.6 Ranked 37th. 2 times more than Italy
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million	0.0181% Ranked 26th. 2 times more than Turkey	0.00828% Ranked 29th.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females	56% Ranked 14th. 37% more than Turkey	41% Ranked 29th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning foreign languages	11	11
Primary teacher salary > Starting per 1000	$0.34 Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Turkey	$0.15 Ranked 20th.
Library members	591,598 Ranked 2nd. 22 times more than Turkey	27,000 Ranked 21st.
Library members per 1000	10.4 Ranked 2nd. 24 times more than Turkey	0.434 Ranked 38th.
Library employees per million	10.46 Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Turkey	3.34 Ranked 45th.
Pupils reaching grade 5	98.5 Ranked 3rd. 4% more than Turkey	94.9 Ranked 8th.
Expected duration of education for males	15.6 years Ranked 22nd. 34% more than Turkey	11.6 years Ranked 27th.
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education	4% Ranked 25th.	13% Ranked 21st. 3 times more than Italy
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree	56% Ranked 14th. 37% more than Turkey	41% Ranked 29th.
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education	83% Ranked 26th. 2 times more than Turkey	39% Ranked 33th.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 60-64	25,305 Ranked 7th.	33,000 Ranked 2nd. 30% more than Italy
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 45-49	23,903 Ranked 11th.	171,000 Ranked 2nd. 7 times more than Italy
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged over 10	775,925 Ranked 12th.	3.01 million Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Italy
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 65-69	119,082 Ranked 5th.	339,000 Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Italy
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 75-79	114,839 Ranked 3rd.	335,000 Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Italy
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 75-79	1.3 million Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Turkey	348,000 Ranked 1st.
Secondary education, vocational pupils > % female	39.65% Ranked 75th.	42.28% Ranked 62nd. 7% more than Italy
School enrollment, secondary > % net	91.89% Ranked 20th. 8% more than Turkey	84.69% Ranked 42nd.
Total enrollment, primary > % net	99.1% Ranked 17th. 3% more than Turkey	96.22% Ranked 57th.
Literacy and Attainment > Educational attainment: completed post-secondary > Post-secondary and tertiary education > Population 25+ years > % > Over 24 year olds	13.54% Ranked 26th.	0.0 Ranked 33th.
Total enrollment, primary, female > % net	98.7% Ranked 17th. 3% more than Turkey	95.57% Ranked 47th.
School enrollment > Secondary > Private > % of total secondary	4.69% Ranked 83th. 2 times more than Turkey	2% Ranked 98th.
Repeaters, primary, total > % of total enrollment	0.324% Ranked 103th.	2.36% Ranked 72nd. 7 times more than Italy
Persistence to grade 5, male > % of cohort	100% Ranked 2nd. 6% more than Turkey	94.61% Ranked 30th.
Unemployment with primary education > Female > % of female unemployment	44.1% Ranked 15th. 31% more than Turkey	33.7% Ranked 9th.
Persistence to grade 5, female > % of cohort	99.01% Ranked 11th. 4% more than Turkey	95.43% Ranked 32nd.
Children out of school > Primary > Male per 1000	0.0743 Ranked 110th.	5.29 Ranked 40th. 71 times more than Italy
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 30-34	8,100 Ranked 11th.	88,000 Ranked 2nd. 11 times more than Italy
Literacy > Literacy rate, adult male > % of males ages 15 and above	99.23% Ranked 19th. 1% more than Turkey	97.93% Ranked 30th.
Literacy > Literacy rate, adult female > % of females ages 15 and above	98.74% Ranked 16th. 9% more than Turkey	90.31% Ranked 47th.
Literacy > Literacy rate, youth female > % of females ages 15-24	99.92% Ranked 5th. 2% more than Turkey	97.94% Ranked 45th.
Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education, male > % of relevant age group	100.03% Ranked 80th.	101.06% Ranked 73th. 1% more than Italy
School enrollment, primary, male > % gross	100.5% Ranked 102nd.	102.6% Ranked 88th. 2% more than Italy
School enrollment > Tertiary > % gross	63.09% gross Ranked 19th. 2 times more than Turkey	29.01% gross Ranked 57th.
Gross intake rate in grade 1 > Female > % of relevant age group	103.4% Ranked 54th. 17% more than Turkey	88.31% Ranked 130th.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 45-49 per thousand people	0.211 Ranked 20th.	0.26 Ranked 7th. 23% more than Italy
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 30-34 per thousand people	0.142 Ranked 21st.	1.2 Ranked 3rd. 8 times more than Italy
Services, etc., value added > Current US$	$1.33 trillion Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Turkey	$441.66 billion Ranked 8th.
Services, etc., value added > Constant LCU	939.46 billion Ranked 47th. 16 times more than Turkey	58.1 billion Ranked 63th.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 80-84 per thousand people	12.97 Ranked 1st. 5 times more than Turkey	2.83 Ranked 9th.
Literacy > Literacy rate, youth total > % of people ages 15-24	99.91% Ranked 5th. 1% more than Turkey	98.71% Ranked 36th.
Literacy > Literates > Aged 10-14 per thousand people	49.2 Ranked 24th.	90.31 Ranked 1st. 84% more than Italy
Literacy rate > Youth female > % of females ages 15-24	99.82% Ranked 10th. 7% more than Turkey	93.3% Ranked 67th.
School enrollment > Secondary > % net	92.42% net Ranked 13th. 2 times more than Turkey	41.99% net Ranked 35th.
Services, etc., value added > Constant LCU per capita	15,532.6 Ranked 82nd. 20 times more than Turkey	785.12 Ranked 98th.
Unemployment with primary education > Male > % of male unemployment	55.4% Ranked 16th.	60% Ranked 3rd. 8% more than Italy
School enrollment > Preprimary > Male > % gross	103.44% gross Ranked 13th. 12 times more than Turkey	8.44% gross Ranked 120th.
Secondary education > Teachers > % female	66.34% female Ranked 22nd. 71% more than Turkey	38.7% female Ranked 82nd.
Labor force with tertiary education, female > % of female labor force	22.8% Ranked 38th.	23.1% Ranked 37th. 1% more than Italy
Labor force with primary education > % of total	35.4% Ranked 9th.	61.4% Ranked 1st. 73% more than Italy
Labor force with secondary education, male > % of male labor force	44.9% Ranked 29th. 2 times more than Turkey	22% Ranked 42nd.
Labor force with secondary education > % of total	46.7% Ranked 28th. 2 times more than Turkey	20.3% Ranked 47th.
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment	11.2% Ranked 69th.	13.9% Ranked 61st. 24% more than Italy
Progression to secondary school > Male	100% Ranked 5th. 7% more than Turkey	93.32% Ranked 51st.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 10-14	1.36 million Ranked 5th.	3.21 million Ranked 1st. 2 times more than Italy
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 45-49	12,029 Ranked 11th.	19,000 Ranked 2nd. 58% more than Italy
Primary education > Pupils > Per capita	0.048 per capita Ranked 156th.	0.111 per capita Ranked 85th. 2 times more than Italy
Net intake rate in grade 1 > Male > % of official school-age population	95.63% Ranked 6th. 30% more than Turkey	73.77% Ranked 31st.
Persistence to grade 5 > Female > % of cohort	96.96% Ranked 21st. 3% more than Turkey	94.34% Ranked 26th.
Researchers in R&D > Per million people	1,748.06 Ranked 23th. 98% more than Turkey	884.38 Ranked 30th.
High school teachers > % female	67.39% Ranked 24th. 63% more than Turkey	41.31% Ranked 40th.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % gross	99.88% Ranked 27th. 22% more than Turkey	81.96% Ranked 72nd.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % gross	100.35% Ranked 25th. 16% more than Turkey	86.84% Ranked 62nd.
Literacy > Literates > Aged over 10	50.92 million Ranked 2nd.	59.22 million Ranked 1st. 16% more than Italy
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 40-44	2.03 million Ranked 2nd.	2.21 million Ranked 1st. 9% more than Italy
Elementary school graduate rate > Female	100 Ranked 3rd. 6% more than Turkey	94.47 Ranked 34th.
Inputs > Secondary education > Teachers > Female	303,771 Ranked 7th. 3 times more than Turkey	90,388 Ranked 11th.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Male	4,643 Ranked 83th.	147,329 Ranked 20th. 32 times more than Italy
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 55-59	15,770 Ranked 9th.	29,000 Ranked 2nd. 84% more than Italy
Literacy > Literates > Aged 10-14	2.8 million Ranked 5th.	6.6 million Ranked 1st. 2 times more than Italy
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary > Female	14,375 Ranked 58th.	214,090 Ranked 19th. 15 times more than Italy
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % net	92.42% Ranked 10th. 25% more than Turkey	73.94% Ranked 49th.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross	99.37% Ranked 26th. 29% more than Turkey	76.92% Ranked 80th.
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils > % female	53.6% Ranked 9th. 13% more than Turkey	47.3% Ranked 105th.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils > % female	48.34% Ranked 96th. 5% more than Turkey	46.14% Ranked 103th.
School enrollment, tertiary, male > % gross	52.84% Ranked 31st.	65.87% Ranked 13th. 25% more than Italy
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 30-34 per thousand people	39.53 Ranked 4th.	42.54 Ranked 1st. 8% more than Italy
Literacy > Male literates > Aged 40-44	2.01 million Ranked 2nd.	2.38 million Ranked 1st. 18% more than Italy
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 70-74	1.49 million Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Turkey	500,000 Ranked 1st.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 25-29	12,725 Ranked 12th.	109,000 Ranked 2nd. 9 times more than Italy
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 60-64	1.76 million Ranked 3rd. 73% more than Turkey	1.02 million Ranked 1st.
Literacy > Male literates > Aged 50-54	1.88 million Ranked 2nd. 1% more than Turkey	1.86 million Ranked 1st.
Literacy > Literates > Aged 50-54 per thousand people	67.04 Ranked 3rd. 38% more than Turkey	48.51 Ranked 13th.
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged over 10 per thousand people	8.77 Ranked 21st.	34.79 Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Italy
Literacy > Male literates > Aged 35-39 per thousand people	40.39 Ranked 3rd. 5% more than Turkey	38.54 Ranked 2nd.
Literacy > Male literates > Aged 60-64 per thousand people	28.65 Ranked 1st. 78% more than Turkey	16.14 Ranked 12th.
Literacy > Male literates > Aged 10-14	1.44 million Ranked 5th.	3.38 million Ranked 1st. 2 times more than Italy
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % net	93.2% Ranked 10th. 33% more than Turkey	70.27% Ranked 56th.
Participation > School enrollment > Tertiary > Male > % gross	56% Ranked 19th. 30% more than Turkey	43.03% Ranked 35th.
Literacy > Male literates > Aged 25-29 per thousand people	37.41 Ranked 7th.	43.58 Ranked 4th. 16% more than Italy
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged over 10 per thousand people	13.62 Ranked 21st.	41.15 Ranked 4th. 3 times more than Italy
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 65-69 per thousand people	0.732 Ranked 11th. 14% more than Turkey	0.643 Ranked 4th.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 60-64 per thousand people	1.19 Ranked 20th.	4.53 Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Italy
Primary teacher salary per hour > After 15 years	$31.00 per hour Ranked 14th. 2 times more than Turkey	$14.00 per hour Ranked 19th.
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 30-34	2.25 million Ranked 2nd.	3.11 million Ranked 2nd. 38% more than Italy
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 15-19 per thousand people	0.0348 Ranked 27th.	0.424 Ranked 3rd. 12 times more than Italy
Public spending on private institutions	8.4% Ranked 17th. 2 times more than Turkey	3.5% Ranked 23th.
Literacy rate > Adult male > % of males ages 15 and above	98.82% Ranked 21st. 4% more than Turkey	95.27% Ranked 35th.
Proportion of 20 year olds in secondary education	6% Ranked 20th.	0.0 Ranked 29th.
Proportion of 19 year olds in secondary education	18% Ranked 20th. 5 times more than Turkey	4% Ranked 27th.
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 10-14 per thousand people	0.0167 Ranked 23th.	0.0274 Ranked 11th. 64% more than Italy
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % net	99.01% net Ranked 11th. 8% more than Turkey	91.76% net Ranked 70th.
Proportion of primary education time spent learning mathematics	10% Ranked 33th.	11% Ranked 29th. 10% more than Italy
Literacy > Literates > Aged 80-84	1.17 million Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Turkey	422,000 Ranked 1st.
Literacy > Literates > Aged 25-29	4.23 million Ranked 3rd.	6.2 million Ranked 2nd. 46% more than Italy
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 20-24	3,647 Ranked 17th.	71,000 Ranked 2nd. 19 times more than Italy
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 75-79	78,019 Ranked 4th.	269,000 Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Italy
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 25-29	6,015 Ranked 12th.	81,000 Ranked 2nd. 13 times more than Italy
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 55-59	22,226 Ranked 11th.	259,000 Ranked 2nd. 12 times more than Italy
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 20-24	4,001 Ranked 16th.	27,000 Ranked 2nd. 7 times more than Italy
Literacy > Male illiterates > Aged 70-74	40,903 Ranked 3rd.	56,000 Ranked 2nd. 37% more than Italy
Literacy > Female literates > Aged 35-39	2.3 million Ranked 2nd.	2.71 million Ranked 1st. 18% more than Italy
Literacy > Female illiterates > Aged 35-39	10,545 Ranked 11th.	84,000 Ranked 2nd. 8 times more than Italy
Literacy and Attainment > Educational attainment: completed tertiary > Tertiary > Population 25+ years > % > Over 24 year olds	12.75% Ranked 37th.	12.92% Ranked 36th. 1% more than Italy
Literacy > Female literates > Aged over 10	26.33 million Ranked 2nd.	28.58 million Ranked 1st. 9% more than Italy
Primary education, teachers > % female	95.25% Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Turkey	43.57% Ranked 78th.
Tertiary education, teachers > % female	36.22% Ranked 69th.	40.9% Ranked 47th. 13% more than Italy
Unemployment with secondary education, male > % of male unemployment	37.3% Ranked 58th. 66% more than Turkey	22.5% Ranked 73th.
Literacy > Illiterates > Aged 35-39 per thousand people	0.406 Ranked 20th.	1.44 Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Italy

SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; UNESCO; UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeschooling_international_status_and_statistics; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. 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Source tables; World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's Statistical Yearbook, and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics online database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute of Statistics; Wikipedia: List of countries by student performance (Reading); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source tables . Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; Number of females older than 10 years, who are literate.. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; United Nations Statistics Division. Population table by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Population table by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a49, Adult literacy rate; World Bank national accounts data; "WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012". World Organization of the Scout Movement. August 2013.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Source tables . Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members) ("WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012" . World Organization of the Scout Movement . Retrieved 2014-03-03 .). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a91, Gross intake ratio to last grade of primary; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute of Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics ; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; United Nations Statistics Division. Population table by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence; Source tables. Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Source tables . Population by literacy, age, sex and urban/rural residence. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=UNESCO&f=series%3aEA_56_Ag25t99, Educational attainment: completed tertiary; Number of females older than 10 years, who are literate.

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