Health Stats: compare key data on Portugal & Spain

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Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people: Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the population growth rate in the absence of migration.
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth: Average age of mother at first childbirth.
Births and maternity > Future births: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate.
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included.
Human height > Average female height: Average female height.
Human height > Average male height: Average male height.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population: The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years: Life expectancy at birth, female (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years: Life expectancy at birth, total (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Obesity: Percentage of total population who have a BMI (body mass index) greater than 30 Kg/sq.meters (Data for Australia, Austria and Portugal is from 2002. All other data is from 2003). Obesity rates are defined as the percentage of the population with a Body Mass Index (BMI) over 30. The BMI is a single number that evaluates an individual's weight status in relation to height (weight/height2, with weight in kilograms and height in metres). For Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States, figures are based on health examinations, rather than self-reported information. Obesity estimates derived from health examinations are generally higher and more reliable than those coming from self-reports, because they preclude any misreporting of people's height and weight. However, health examinations are only conducted regularly in a few countries (OECD).
Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians are defined as graduates of any facility or school of medicine who are working in the country in any medical field (practice, teaching, research).
Probability of not reaching 60: Probability at birth of not reaching the age of 40.
Quality of health care system > Cost: Cost to you. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Cost to you". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Quality of health care system > Health care system index: Health Care Index is an estimation of the overall quality of the health care system, health care professionals, equipment, staff, doctors, cost, etc.
Life expectancy > Men: Life expectancy for men.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years: Life expectancy at birth, male (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Blood types > O negative: Percentage of population in each county with O negative blood type.
Probability of reaching 65 > Male: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cancer out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cancer rate, but rather how fatal cancer is in each country.
Infant mortality rate > Total: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Life expectancy > Years of potential life lost from premature death > Females: Female YPLL. Years lost to premature death.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Deaths > Percent deaths registered: Civil registration coverage of deaths (%).
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman: Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Life expectancy > Years of potential life lost from premature death > Males: Male YPLL.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Heart disease deaths: Heart disease deaths per 100000 population (1995-1998)
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate: How many infants, out of 1000, who will die before attaining one year of age.
Life expectancy > Women: Life expectancy for women.
Blood types > AB negative: Percentage of each country's population with AB negative blood type.
Human height > Stature ratio (male to female ratio): Ratio of average height of males to average height of females.
Quality of health care system > Skill and competence of medical staff: Skill and competency of medical staff. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with the skill and competency of the local medical staff?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Blood types > O positive: Percentage of each country's population with 0 positive blood type.
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate: An estimate of the percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with HIV/AIDS. The adult prevalence rate is calculated by dividing the estimated number of adults living with HIV/AIDS at yearend by the total adult population at yearend.
Blood types > B negative: Percentage of each country's population with B negative blood type.
Mental health > Mental health index: The first data set used here is from large-scale epidemiological surveys implemented as part of the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative (WMHSI). These surveys were conducted between 2002 and 2005 in 10 OECD countries. They use a common diagnostic instrument to measure the occurrence of various types of disorders, their nature and intensity, and the treatment provided. Disorders considered include anxiety disorders, mood disorders, disorders linked to impulse control and disorders due to use of alcohol and drugs. All disorders are classified as serious, moderate, or mild.
The second set of data is from the European Quality of Life Survey conducted in 2007 by the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. These data are based on the following question: Please indicate for each for the five statements which is closest to how you have been feeling over the last two weeks - I have felt cheerful and in good spirits; I have felt calm and relaxed; I have felt active and vigorous; I woke up feeling fresh and rested; my day has been filled with things that interest me (all of the time, most of the time, more than half of the time, less than half of the time, some of the time, never). The total score on all statements is multiplied by 4 to get a score that has a maximum value of 100.
Quality of health care system > Short waiting times: Responsiveness (waitings) in medical institutions. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with the responsiveness (waitings) in medical institutions?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included."
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average BMI (combining male and female population), according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Blood types > A Positive: Percentage of each country's population with A positive blood type.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS.
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19: Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
Blood types > B positive: Percentage of each country's population with B positive blood type.
Probability of reaching 65 > Female: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Blood types > AB positive: Percentage of each country's population with AB positive blood type.
Quality of health care system > Modern equipment: Equipment for modern diagnosis and treatment. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Does hospitals have equipment for modern diagnosis and treatment?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Deaths > Deaths of infants: An infant death is the death from any cause of a live-born child under one year of age.
Expenditure per capita > Current US$: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$: Health expenditure per capita (current US$). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate: Percentage of females aged 15-19 who give birth, out of all females the same age in the country.
Teenage pregnancy: Number of births to women aged below twenty. Data for 1998.
Quality of health care system > Accuracy and completeness in filling out reports: Accuracy and completeness in filling out reports. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied you with the accuracy and completeness in filling out reports?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Births > Low birth weight: Percentage of live births classified by the OECD as of low birth weight. Data generally for 2000; in some cases, data is for 1999, 1998, or, in the sole case of Belgium, 1997. Refer to the source for details.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people). Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Incidence includes patients with HIV.
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate: Country's crude birth rate. The crude birth rate is the number of live births for every 1,000 people.
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate: Number of mothers who died giving birth, out of 100,000 births.
Maternal mortality: Maternal mortality reported per 100,000 births 1985-1999. The maternal mortality data are those reported by national authorities. UNICEF and the World Health Organization periodically evaluate these data and make adjustments to account for the well-documented problems of under-reporting and misclassification of maternal deaths and to develop estimates for countries with no data (for details on the most recent estimates see Hill, AbouZahr and Wardlaw 2001). Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Death rates > Children under 5: Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates."
Death rates > Women: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Quality of health care system > Speed in delivering examinations and reports: Speed in completing examination and reports. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Speed in completing examination and reports?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Death rates > Men: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths: AIDS deaths.
HIV AIDS > Deaths: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > Legal abortions total: Legally induced abortions by urban/rural residence of woman.
Quality of health care system > Friendliness and courtesy of staff: Friendliness and courtesy of the staff. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Friendliness and courtesy of the staff?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day: Depth of hunger or the intensity of food deprivation, indicates how much food-deprived people fall short of minimum food needs in terms of dietary energy. The food deficit, in kilocalories per person per day, is measured by comparing the average amount of dietary energy that undernourished people get from the foods they eat with the minimum amount of dietary energy they need to maintain body weight and undertake light activity. The depth of hunger is low when it is less than 200 kilocalories per person per day, and high when it is higher than 300 kilocalories per person per day."
Tobacco > Total adult smokers: Total adults smoking
Births and maternity > Number of births: Total number of live births. A live birth refers to a birth after which the baby shows signs of life, however, if the baby dies after showing signs of life, it is still considered a live birth.
Daily smokers: Data on tobacco consumption - this is a percentage of the total population who smoke at least one cigarette a day.(Data for Portugal and Austria is from 2002. All other data is from 2003).
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Reproductive health > Use of birth control > Women over 15: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only."
Life expectancy > Male: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people). Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses.
Quality of health care system > Convenient location: Convenience of location for you. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Convenience of location for you". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency.
Health care system > Population covered by public health insurance: Percentage of population covered by governmental / social health insurance.
Infant mortality > Infant mortality: The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of children under one year of age expressed per 1 000 live births. Neonatal mortality refers to the death of children under 28 days.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Death rates > Infants: Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year."
Life expectancy at birth > Female: The average number of years to be lived by a females in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Health care system > Total public and private health insurance coverage: Percentage of population covered either by private or by governmental / social health insurance.
Life expectancy > Female: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given: Maternity leave benefits.
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Births and maternity > Abortion > Legal abortions total per thousand people: Legally induced abortions by urban/rural residence of woman. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Spending > Per person: Spending per capita (PPP) in $US 1998.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people: AIDS deaths. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Births and maternity > Twin births per million people: Number of births, in which two children were born. A mother giving birth to twins is counted as one birth. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Respiratory disease deaths: Diseases of the respiratory system deaths per 100,000 population (1995-1998)
Digestive disease deaths: Diseases of the digestive system deaths per 100,000 population (1995-1998)
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles: Percentage of children under 1 year old immunized against measles.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes: People living with HIV, 15-49 years old, percentage.
Life expectancy at birth > Male: The average number of years to be lived by amen in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Suicide rate > Gender ratio: Suicide rates per 100,000 people
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy > Life expectancy at birth > Total: Life expectancy measures how long on average people would live based on a given set of age-specific death rates. However, the actual age-specific death rates of any particular birth cohort cannot be known in advance. If age-specific death rates are falling (as has been the case over the past decades in OECD countries), actual life spans will be higher than life expectancy calculated with current death rates.
Life expectancy > 95 percent range: 95% range.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Total population
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cardiovascular diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cardiovascular disease rate, but rather how fatal cardiovascular diseases are in each country.
Teenage pregnancy per million: Number of births to women aged below twenty. Data for 1998. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses."
Births and maternity > All births of boys: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence.
Health spending per capita: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average female BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Suicide rate > Young males: Suicide death rates (per 100,000 of population) among 15 to 24 year-olds, various countries, latest available data, 1991 to 1993
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000: Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people)
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population): The number of people that die from injuries out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's injury rate, but rather how fatal injuries are in each country.
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Drug access: Population with access to essential drugs 2000. The data on access to essential drugs are based on statistical estimates received from World Health Organization (WHO) country and regional offices and regional advisers and through the World Drug Situation Survey carried out in 1998-99. These estimates represent the best information available to the WHO Department of Essential Drugs and Medicines Policy to date and are currently being validated by WHO member states. The department assigns the estimates to four groupings: very low access (0-49%), low access (50-79%), medium access (80-94%) and good access (95-100%). These groupings, used here in presenting the data, are often employed by the WHO in interpreting the data, as the actual estimates may suggest a higher level of accuracy than the data afford. b.
Infant mortality > Female babies: Infant mortality rate for females under 1 year.
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate: The number of people that die from noncommunicable diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's noncommunicable disease rate, but rather how fatal noncommunicable diseases are in each country.
Life expectancy > Healthy years: Estimated number of years of life while healthy, as defined by the OECD. Estimates for 2001. See source for details.
Suicide rate > Young females: Suicide death rates (per 100,000 of population) among 15 to 24 year-olds, various countries, latest available data, 1991 to 1993
Births and maternity > Twin births: Number of births, in which two children were born. A mother giving birth to twins is counted as one birth.
Deaths > Deaths of infants per million people: An infant death is the death from any cause of a live-born child under one year of age. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in international dollars converted using 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) rates."
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average male BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Total population
Tobacco > Total adult smokers per million: Total adults smoking. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people: Total number of live births. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Intestinal diseases death rate: Death rate from intestinal infectious diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO code B01 for all age groups by sex. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data for the country in that particular year. The death rates were standardized utilizing the age structure for the population of Canada. See page 22 of the2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Health care funding > Total per capita: Public and private funding of health care expenditure, in US $ PPP per capita. Data for 2000.
Percentage of life lived in ill health > Female: Estimated percentage of total years of expected lifespan to be lived in ill health. Estimated for females at birth. Data for 2001. See source for further details.
Health services > Outpatient visits per capita: Outpatient visits per capita are the number of visits to health care facilities per capita, including repeat visits."
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (men): Percentage of males aged over 15 years who are obese. The World Health Organization defines obesity as a body mass index over 30. The average BMI is 18.5 to 24.9.
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Deaths > Deaths of infant boys: An infant death is the death from any cause of a live-born child under one year of age.
Child maltreatment deaths: Child maltreatment deaths per 100000 population under 15 (1990s).
Deaths > Deaths of infant boys per million people: An infant death is the death from any cause of a live-born child under one year of age. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Teen birth rate: Average number of births for every 1,000 girls aged 15 to 19
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Dependency ratio per 100: Dependency ratio (per 100), 2003
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people): Dentistry personnel density (per 10 000 population).
Smoking rate > Women: Prevalence of smoking, female is the percentage of women ages 15 and over who smoke any form of tobacco, including cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, and excluding smokeless tobacco. Data include daily and non-daily smoking."
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases.
Births and maternity > Caesarean birth rate: Percentage of live births that are delivered through a cesarean section, more commonly referred to as a c-section.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases: Number of reported cases of tetanus in newborns.
Infant mortality rate > Female: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Health care funding > Private per capita: Private funding of health care expenditure, in US $ PPP per capita. Data for 2000.
Births and maternity > Triplet births per million people: Number of births, in which three children were born. A mother giving birth to triplets is counted as one birth. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Transplants > Liver: The number of liver transplants in the nation in 2002.(If the surveyed year is different, it is given in brackets).
Health care funding > Public per capita: Public funding of health care expenditure, in US $ PPP per capita. Data for 2000.
Red Cross donations: Amounts of the contributions to the International Committee of the Red Cross by the Council of Europe member states and states with an observer status in the PACE in the period from 1996 to 2000 (in Swiss Francs)
Tobacco > Male smoking rate: Male [%].
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid: Percentage of usual wages the country mandates employers to pay women on maternity leave. For instance, Italy requires employers to pay a woman 80% of her normal wages while off work after giving birth.
Life expectancy > Male healthy years: Number of years of life while 'healthy', as defined by the OECD. Estimates for 2001. See the source for details.
Deaths > Deaths of infant girls: An infant death is the death from any cause of a live-born child under one year of age.
Births and maternity > Single births: Number of births, in which one child was born.
Diseases > Measles cases: Number of reported measles cases.
Years lived in ill health > Female: Average number of years that females will live in ill health; estimated at birth. Data for 2001. See source for details.
Years lived in ill health > Male: Average number of years that males will live in ill health; estimated at birth. Data for 2001. See source for details.
Tobacco > Female smoking rate: Female [%].
Transplants > Total: The total of our statistics for kidney, liver, pancreas, kidney-pancreas, heart, lung, heart-lung and intestine transplants. Note that, in some cases, the figures for each individual organ type were taken in different years (either 2000, 2001, or 2002). Thus these totals are suggestive but not conclusive.
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births: Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence."
Red Cross donations per capita: Amounts of the contributions to the International Committee of the Red Cross by the Council of Europe member states and states with an observer status in the PACE in the period from 1996 to 2000 (in Swiss Francs). Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Females
Percentage of life lived in ill health > Males: Estimated percentage of total years of expected lifespan to be lived in ill health. Estimated for males at birth. Data for 2001. See source for further details.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (women): Percentage of females aged over 15 years who are obese. The World Health Organization defines obesity as a body mass index over 30. The average BMI is 18.5 to 24.9.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Males
Transplants > Kidney: The number of kidney transplants in the nation in 2002. (If the surveyed year is different, it is given in brackets).
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country: Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death. "
HIV AIDS > Women living with aids 15-49: People living with HIV/AIDS, women (age 15-49)
Children living with AIDS per 1000: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14). Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Births and maternity > Future births per million people: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Daily smokers > 1990: Data on tobacco consumption - this is a percentage of the total population who smoked at least one cigarette a day in 1990.
Spending > Public: World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms)."
Life expectancy > Female healthy years: Number of years of life while 'healthy', as defined by the OECD. Estimates for 2001. See source for details.
Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate, 2003
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider: The method/s in which women receive an income during their maternity leave. Some countries put the responsibility solely on the employer, while others either include maternity leaves into their social welfare programs or use a combination of the two. Some countries do not have laws regarding maternity leave such as the United States and Papua New Guinea.
Infant mortality > Male babies: Infant mortality rate for males under 1 year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Children living with AIDS: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14)
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Transplants > Total per million: The total of our statistics for kidney, liver, pancreas, kidney-pancreas, heart, lung, heart-lung and intestine transplants. Note that, in some cases, the figures for each individual organ type were taken in different years (either 2000, 2001, or 2002). Thus these totals are suggestive but not conclusive. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Respiratory disease child death rate: Child death rate from respiratory diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population Aged 0-14
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO codes B31 and B320, and B321, by sex and by age. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data broken down by age group to produce rates. See page 22 of the 2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Life expectancy > Centenarians per 100,000 people: Amount of centenarians per 100,000 people in each country. Results were compiled by the UN, using estimates from 1950-2008.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Diseases > Total tetanus cases: Number of all reported tetanus cases.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Diseases > Mumps cases per million people: Number of reported mumps cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases per million people: Number of reported cases of tetanus in newborns. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Pertussis cases: Number of reported pertussis cases. Pertussis is commonly called whooping cough.
Probability of dying before 5 > Females: Probability of females dying before reaching the age of 5. (2003)
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Transplants > Liver per million: The number of liver transplants in the nation in 2002.(If the surveyed year is different, it is given in brackets). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Transplants > Kidney per million: The number of kidney transplants in the nation in 2002. (If the surveyed year is different, it is given in brackets). Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Growth in health expenditure > Per annum: Annual real yearly growth in health care expenditure; average for years 1990-2000. 1990-98 for Sweden and Turkey, 1990-99 for Luxembourg and Poland, 1991-2000 for Hungary, 1992-2000 for Germany.
Spending > Private: Private expenditure on health as a percentage of GDP 1998.
Stomach cancer deaths: Stomach cancer deaths per 100,000 population (1995-1998)
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Male > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health: Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
Health services > Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health: Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure."
Health spending > % of GDP: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
Mortality > Completeness of total death reporting > % of reported total deaths to estimated total deaths: Completeness of total death reporting is the number of total deaths reported by national statistics authorities to the United Nations Statistics Division's Demography Yearbook divided by the number of total deaths estimated by the United Nations Population Division.
Public health spending > % of total health spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births: Low-birthweight babies are newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, with the measurement taken within the first hours of life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred."
Diseases > Total tetanus cases per million people: Number of all reported tetanus cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - DPT3
Public spending as % of total: Public expenditure on health as a % of total expenditure on health (Data for year 2002).
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private health expenditure: Out-of-pocket expenditure on health as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
Deaths > Deaths of infant girls per million people: An infant death is the death from any cause of a live-born child under one year of age. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %: Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%). Prevalence of anemia, pregnant women, is the percentage of pregnant women whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Cause of death, by injury > % of total: Cause of death, by injury (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Injuries include unintentional and intentional injuries.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organisations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organisations. These resources are part of total health expenditure."
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP: Total expenditure on health as % of GDP, 2002
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Measles
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Polio3
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
% immunized 1-year-old children > HepB3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - HepB3
Diseases > Overweight > Ratio of male to female BMI: Compares the ratio of male to female BMI by countries, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Diseases > Rubella cases per million people: Number of reported rubella cases. Rubella is commonly called the German Measles. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Child injury death index: Child injury death" index is defined as the annual number of deaths from injuries (unintentional and intentional) among 1 to 14 year old children per 10,000 children of those ages.
Births and maternity > All births of girls per thousand people: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Births and maternity > Triplet births: Number of births, in which three children were born. A mother giving birth to triplets is counted as one birth.
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered: Civil registration coverage of births (%).
Diseases > Mumps cases: Number of reported mumps cases.
Dead organ donors: Amount of people from whose bodies organs are extracted after their death to be used as organ donations per year per million residents.
Smoking prevalence > Males > % of adults: Prevalence of smoking, male is the percentage of men who smoke cigarettes. The age range varies among countries but in most is 18 and older or 15 and older.
Births and maternity > Single births per thousand people: Number of births, in which one child was born. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > All births of boys per thousand people: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Diseases > Rubella cases: Number of reported rubella cases. Rubella is commonly called the German Measles.
Life expectancy > 95% range: 95% range.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Mortality > Completeness of infant death reporting > % of reported infant deaths to estimated infant deaths: Completeness of infant death reporting is the number of infant deaths reported by national statistics authorities to the United Nations Statistics Division's Demography Yearbook divided by the number of infant deaths estimated by the United Nations Population Division.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5: Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children under 5). Prevalence of anemia, children under age 5, is the percentage of children under age 5 whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total: Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and congenital anomalies.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV (% of population ages 15+ with HIV). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population ages 15+ who are living with HIV.
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only.
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Tuberculosis case detection rate > %, all forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms). Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms).
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of total expenditure on health: Out-of-pocket health expenditure (% of total expenditure on health). Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.
Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV refers to the percentage of women of those ages 15-49 infected with HIV.
Health expenditure, private > % of GDP: Health expenditure, private (% of GDP). Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP: Health expenditure, public (% of GDP). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Infant mortality rate > Male: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Public health spending > % of government spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds."
Health expenditure, public > % of total health expenditure: Health expenditure, public (% of total health expenditure). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Private health spending > % of GDP: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations."
Births and maternity > Quadruplet and quintuplet births per million people: Number of births, in which four or five children were born. A mother giving birth to quadruplets or quintuplets is counted as one birth. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions > % of total: Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions include infectious and parasitic diseases, respiratory infections, and nutritional deficiencies such as underweight and stunting.
Diseases > Measles cases per million people: Number of reported measles cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79: Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79). Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Diseases > Pertussis cases per million people: Number of reported pertussis cases. Pertussis is commonly called whooping cough. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Births and maternity > All births of girls: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence.
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Immunisation > Immunization, DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months). Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Immunisation > Immunization, measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months). Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Births and maternity > Quadruplet and quintuplet births: Number of births, in which four or five children were born. A mother giving birth to quadruplets or quintuplets is counted as one birth.
Expenditure > Private > % of GDP: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.
HIVAIDS > Adult prevalence rate 15-49 years,: Health - HIV/AIDS - Adult prevalence rate (15-49 years), end-2001
Health expenditure, public > % of government expenditure: Health expenditure, public (% of government expenditure). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.

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STAT	Portugal	Spain
Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people	10.5 per 1,000 people Ranked 154th.	10.73 per 1,000 people Ranked 149th. 2% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth	29.7 Ranked 6th.	31.2 Ranked 2nd. 5% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Future births	65.46 Ranked 114th.	386.94 Ranked 59th. 6 times more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate	1.82% Ranked 171st.	1.88% Ranked 77th. 3% more than Portugal
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	3.6 per 1,000 people Ranked 30th.	3.8 per 1,000 people Ranked 36th. 6% more than Portugal
Human height > Average female height	1.631 m (5 ft 4 in)	1.662 m (5 ft 5 ⁄ 2 in)
Human height > Average male height	1.760 m (5 ft 9 ⁄ 2 in)	1.780 m (5 ft 10 in)
Life expectancy at birth > Total population	78.54 years Ranked 46th.	81.17 years Ranked 14th. 3% more than Portugal
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years	84 Ranked 13th.	85.4 Ranked 4th. 2% more than Portugal
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years	80.72 Ranked 25th.	82.33 Ranked 6th. 2% more than Portugal
Obesity	12.8% Ranked 15th.	13.1% Ranked 12th. 2% more than Portugal
Physicians > Per 1,000 people	3.3 per 1,000 people Ranked 17th. 3% more than Spain	3.2 per 1,000 people Ranked 19th.
Probability of not reaching 60	13.1% Ranked 23th. 27% more than Spain	10.3% Ranked 35th.
Quality of health care system > Cost	66.04 Ranked 13th.	85.78 Ranked 1st. 30% more than Portugal
Quality of health care system > Health care system index	66.09 Ranked 8th.	74.54 Ranked 6th. 13% more than Portugal
Life expectancy > Men	77 years Ranked 27th.	79 years Ranked 11th. 3% more than Portugal
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years	77.6 Ranked 29th.	79.4 Ranked 12th. 2% more than Portugal
Blood types > O negative	6% Ranked 5th.	9% Ranked 1st. 50% more than Portugal
Probability of reaching 65 > Male	75.3% Ranked 39th.	79.8% Ranked 22nd. 6% more than Portugal
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population)	134 Ranked 84th. 2% more than Spain	131 Ranked 92nd.
Infant mortality rate > Total	4.66 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 183th. 37% more than Spain	3.39 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 206th.
Life expectancy > Years of potential life lost from premature death > Females	2,858 Ranked 6th. 43% more than Spain	2,000 Ranked 25th.
Deaths > Percent deaths registered	90-100	90-100
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman	1.4 births per woman Ranked 153th. 5% more than Spain	1.33 births per woman Ranked 158th.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita	2.14 per 1,000 people Ranked 68th.	3.44 per 1,000 people Ranked 59th. 61% more than Portugal
Life expectancy > Years of potential life lost from premature death > Males	6,024 Ranked 6th. 37% more than Spain	4,399 Ranked 13th.
Heart disease deaths	55.9 per 100,000 people Ranked 23th. 4% more than Spain	53.8 per 100,000 people Ranked 24th.
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate	2.9 Ranked 183th.	3.8 Ranked 167th. 31% more than Portugal
Life expectancy > Women	83 years Ranked 23th.	85 years Ranked 6th. 2% more than Portugal
Blood types > AB negative	0.5% Ranked 5th. The same as Spain	0.5% Ranked 7th.
Human height > Stature ratio (male to female ratio)	1.08 Ranked 3rd. 1% more than Spain	1.07 Ranked 7th.
Quality of health care system > Skill and competence of medical staff	68.75 Ranked 10th.	75.85 Ranked 5th. 10% more than Portugal
Blood types > O positive	36.2% Ranked 6th. 1% more than Spain	36% Ranked 8th.
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate	0.6% Ranked 63th. 50% more than Spain	0.4% Ranked 73th.
Blood types > B negative	1.1% Ranked 5th.	2% Ranked 1st. 82% more than Portugal
Mental health > Mental health index	60% Ranked 18th.	66% Ranked 8th. 10% more than Portugal
Quality of health care system > Short waiting times	40.87 Ranked 13th.	50.88 Ranked 8th. 24% more than Portugal
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	3.5 Ranked 47th. 3% more than Spain	3.4 Ranked 48th.
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI)	24.59 Ranked 74th. About the same as Spain	24.52 Ranked 80th.
Blood types > A Positive	39.8% Ranked 2nd. 17% more than Spain	34% Ranked 4th.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS	42,000 Ranked 60th.	130,000 Ranked 35th. 3 times more than Portugal
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	18.13 births Ranked 140th. Twice as much as Spain	9.08 births Ranked 160th.
Blood types > B positive	6.6% Ranked 8th.	8% Ranked 8th. 21% more than Portugal
Probability of reaching 65 > Female	88.4% Ranked 21st.	91.4% Ranked 2nd. 3% more than Portugal
Blood types > AB positive	2.9% Ranked 6th. 16% more than Spain	2.5% Ranked 8th.
Quality of health care system > Modern equipment	91.49 Ranked 7th.	94.74 Ranked 6th. 4% more than Portugal
Deaths > Deaths of infants	303 Ranked 19th.	1,620 Ranked 8th. 5 times more than Portugal
Expenditure per capita > Current US$	1,665.1$ Ranked 26th.	1,971.2$ Ranked 24th. 18% more than Portugal
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$	$2,310.62 Ranked 27th.	$3,026.65 Ranked 24th. 31% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate	15.6 Ranked 57th. 17% more than Spain	13.3 Ranked 76th.
Teenage pregnancy	7,403 births Ranked 11th.	11,264 births Ranked 8th. 52% more than Portugal
Quality of health care system > Accuracy and completeness in filling out reports	64.42 Ranked 10th.	70.26 Ranked 6th. 9% more than Portugal
Births > Low birth weight	7.4% Ranked 7th. 19% more than Spain	6.2% Ranked 15th.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	26 Ranked 126th. 86% more than Spain	14 Ranked 158th.
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate	9.1 Ranked 35th.	10.5 Ranked 41st. 15% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate	8 per 100,000 live births Ranked 154th. 33% more than Spain	6 per 100,000 live births Ranked 163th.
Maternal mortality	8 per 100,000 Ranked 120th. 33% more than Spain	6 per 100,000 Ranked 126th.
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people	3.44 Ranked 5th.	3.76 Ranked 11th. 9% more than Portugal
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita	10,613.2 Ranked 118th.	14,741.19 Ranked 101st. 39% more than Portugal
Death rates > Children under 5	3.7 Ranked 169th.	4.1 Ranked 164th. 11% more than Portugal
Death rates > Women	53.46 Ranked 146th. 22% more than Spain	43.92 Ranked 174th.
Quality of health care system > Speed in delivering examinations and reports	53.37 Ranked 16th.	59.32 Ranked 10th. 11% more than Portugal
Death rates > Men	128.2 Ranked 128th. 21% more than Spain	105.76 Ranked 154th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths	500 Ranked 75th.	1,000 Ranked 51st. Twice as much as Portugal
HIV AIDS > Deaths	1,000 Ranked 69th.	1,600 Ranked 58th. 60% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Abortion > Legal abortions total	17,932 Ranked 22nd.	118,359 Ranked 5th. 7 times more than Portugal
Quality of health care system > Friendliness and courtesy of staff	69.34 Ranked 5th. About the same as Spain	69.07 Ranked 6th.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day	110 Ranked 143th.	120 Ranked 133th. 9% more than Portugal
Tobacco > Total adult smokers	18.7% Ranked 94th.	33.4% Ranked 42nd. 79% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Number of births	96,856 Ranked 13th.	485,252 Ranked 14th. 5 times more than Portugal
Daily smokers	20.5% Ranked 26th.	28.1% Ranked 9th. 37% more than Portugal
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years	78.07 years Ranked 32nd.	80.57 years Ranked 6th. 3% more than Portugal
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita	0.097 per 1,000 people Ranked 66th. 73% more than Spain	0.056 per 1,000 people Ranked 73th.
Reproductive health > Use of birth control > Women over 15	67.1 Ranked 5th. 2% more than Spain	65.7 Ranked 7th.
Life expectancy > Male	76.24 Ranked 32nd.	78.01 Ranked 16th. 2% more than Portugal
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	5.33 Ranked 42nd. 4% more than Spain	5.11 Ranked 47th.
Quality of health care system > Convenient location	74.53 Ranked 12th.	79.24 Ranked 6th. 6% more than Portugal
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU	112.9 billion Ranked 97th.	679.14 billion Ranked 68th. 6 times more than Portugal
Health care system > Population covered by public health insurance	100% Ranked 17th. About the same as Spain	99.9% Ranked 21st.
Infant mortality > Infant mortality	3.3 Deaths per 1 000 live bir Ranked 23th.	3.8 Deaths per 1 000 live bir Ranked 16th. 15% more than Portugal
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000	3.95 Ranked 60th. 39% more than Spain	2.83 Ranked 69th.
Death rates > Infants	3 Ranked 170th.	3.5 Ranked 161st. 17% more than Portugal
Life expectancy at birth > Female	82.01 years Ranked 42nd.	84.37 years Ranked 11th. 3% more than Portugal
Health care system > Total public and private health insurance coverage	100% Ranked 18th. About the same as Spain	99.9% Ranked 22nd.
Life expectancy > Female	82.41 Ranked 24th.	84.32 Ranked 6th. 2% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given	24 Ranked 123th.	69 Ranked 25th. 3 times more than Portugal
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars	1,702 Ranked 26th. 4% more than Spain	1,640 Ranked 27th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > Legal abortions total per thousand people	1.69 Ranked 41st.	2.56 Ranked 17th. 52% more than Portugal
Spending > Per person	859 Ranked 25th.	1,043 Ranked 23th. 21% more than Portugal
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people	47.36 Ranked 74th. 2 times more than Spain	21.66 Ranked 89th.
Births and maternity > Twin births per million people	264.94 Ranked 25th.	411.7 Ranked 2nd. 55% more than Portugal
Respiratory disease deaths	55.5 per 100,000 people Ranked 6th. 23% more than Spain	45 per 100,000 people Ranked 13th.
Digestive disease deaths	29.9 per 100,000 people Ranked 3rd. 6% more than Spain	28.1 per 100,000 people Ranked 6th.
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles	96% Ranked 70th. 1% more than Spain	95% Ranked 82nd.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes	0.7% Ranked 60th. 75% more than Spain	0.4% Ranked 77th.
Life expectancy at birth > Male	75.28 years Ranked 53th.	78.16 years Ranked 20th. 4% more than Portugal
Suicide rate > Gender ratio	3.6 per 100,000 people Ranked 36th. 13% more than Spain	3.2 per 100,000 people Ranked 39th.
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years	81.4 years Ranked 28th.	83.9 years Ranked 4th. 3% more than Portugal
Life expectancy > Life expectancy at birth > Total	78.9 Number of years Ranked 22nd.	81.1 Number of years Ranked 4th. 3% more than Portugal
Life expectancy > 95 percent range	(82.20-82.50)	(84.00-84.40)
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	69.2 Ranked 30th.	72.6 Ranked 8th. 5% more than Portugal
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population)	200 Ranked 153th. 53% more than Spain	131 Ranked 183th.
Teenage pregnancy per million	730.85 births Ranked 8th. 3 times more than Spain	283.58 births Ranked 19th.
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	4.83 Ranked 35th.	7.58 Ranked 20th. 57% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > All births of boys	46,161 Ranked 17th.	235,677 Ranked 6th. 5 times more than Portugal
Health spending per capita	2,108.28 Ranked 28th.	2,711.68 Ranked 25th. 29% more than Portugal
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI)	22.69 Ranked 96th. 1% more than Spain	22.57 Ranked 100th.
Suicide rate > Young males	4.3 per 100,000 people Ranked 40th.	7.1 per 100,000 people Ranked 36th. 65% more than Portugal
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years	74.9 years Ranked 35th.	77.4 years Ranked 15th. 3% more than Portugal
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000	17 Ranked 120th. 21% more than Spain	14 Ranked 123th.
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population)	40 Ranked 143th. 33% more than Spain	30 Ranked 171st.
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000	0.0972 Ranked 66th. 3 times more than Spain	0.0349 Ranked 62nd.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men	82.5 Ranked 32nd.	85.28 Ranked 20th. 3% more than Portugal
Drug access	95% Ranked 41st. The same as Spain	95% Ranked 21st.
Infant mortality > Female babies	5.4 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 167th. 32% more than Spain	4.1 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 182nd.
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate	456 Ranked 154th. 20% more than Spain	379 Ranked 175th.
Life expectancy > Healthy years	66.8 years Ranked 23th.	70.9 years Ranked 9th. 6% more than Portugal
Suicide rate > Young females	2 per 100,000 people Ranked 39th.	2.2 per 100,000 people Ranked 36th. 10% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Twin births	2,797 Ranked 13th.	19,010 Ranked 3rd. 7 times more than Portugal
Deaths > Deaths of infants per million people	28.78 Ranked 35th.	35.05 Ranked 29th. 22% more than Portugal
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women	92.22 Ranked 17th.	93.92 Ranked 2nd. 2% more than Portugal
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$2,283.61 Ranked 29th.	$2,670.60 Ranked 27th. 17% more than Portugal
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI)	26.49 Ranked 44th. The same as Spain	26.47 Ranked 45th.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	77 Ranked 35th.	80 Ranked 11th. 4% more than Portugal
Tobacco > Total adult smokers per million	1.77% Ranked 75th. 2 times more than Spain	0.77% Ranked 91st.
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people	9.17 Ranked 34th.	10.53 Ranked 38th. 15% more than Portugal
Intestinal diseases death rate	0.17% Ranked 137th.	0.56% Ranked 118th. 3 times more than Portugal
Health care funding > Total per capita	$1,439.00 per capita Ranked 20th.	$1,556.00 per capita Ranked 19th. 8% more than Portugal
Percentage of life lived in ill health > Female	13.4% Ranked 7th. 16% more than Spain	11.6% Ranked 12th.
Health services > Outpatient visits per capita	3.9 Ranked 26th.	9.5 Ranked 6th. 2 times more than Portugal
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	32.94 per 100,000 people Ranked 128th. 20% more than Spain	27.49 per 100,000 people Ranked 135th.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (men)	13.4% Ranked 12th.	13.5% Ranked 9th. 1% more than Portugal
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index	0.893 Ranked 28th.	0.93 Ranked 9th. 4% more than Portugal
Deaths > Deaths of infant boys	175 Ranked 27th.	804 Ranked 13th. 5 times more than Portugal
Child maltreatment deaths	0.4 per 100,000 children Ranked 22nd. 4 times more than Spain	0.1 per 100,000 children Ranked 27th.
Deaths > Deaths of infant boys per million people	16.58 Ranked 42nd.	17.41 Ranked 40th. 5% more than Portugal
Teen birth rate	25 Ranked 20th. 2 times more than Spain	12 Ranked 32nd.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes	54 Ranked 173th. 26% more than Spain	43 Ranked 190th.
Dependency ratio per 100	49 Ranked 134th. 9% more than Spain	45 Ranked 151st.
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people)	6	5
Smoking rate > Women	15 Ranked 53th.	27 Ranked 20th. 80% more than Portugal
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases	1,173 Ranked 93th.	2,317 Ranked 72nd. 98% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Caesarean birth rate	31% Ranked 16th. 19% more than Spain	26% Ranked 22nd.
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases	0.0 Ranked 161st.	0.0 Ranked 121st.
Infant mortality rate > Female	4.18 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 185th. 38% more than Spain	3.03 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 206th.
Health care funding > Private per capita	$414.00 per capita Ranked 17th.	$468.00 per capita Ranked 14th. 13% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Triplet births per million people	8.43 Ranked 16th.	10.59 Ranked 10th. 26% more than Portugal
Transplants > Liver	180 liver transplants Ranked 7th.	694 liver transplants Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Portugal
Health care funding > Public per capita	$1,025.00 per capita Ranked 20th.	$1,088.00 per capita Ranked 19th. 6% more than Portugal
Red Cross donations	200,000 Ranked 21st.	2.56 million Ranked 16th. 13 times more than Portugal
Tobacco > Male smoking rate	40.6 Ranked 44th. 12% more than Spain	36.4 Ranked 60th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15	32000	140000
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest	Legal	Legal
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid	90% Ranked 120th.	100% Ranked 59th. 11% more than Portugal
Life expectancy > Male healthy years	64.3 years Ranked 23th.	68.7 years Ranked 13th. 7% more than Portugal
Deaths > Deaths of infant girls	126 Ranked 28th.	673 Ranked 12th. 5 times more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Single births	93,970 Ranked 16th.	451,050 Ranked 4th. 5 times more than Portugal
Diseases > Measles cases	0.0 Ranked 172nd.	267 Ranked 42nd.
Years lived in ill health > Female	10.7 years Ranked 5th. 11% more than Spain	9.6 years Ranked 9th.
Years lived in ill health > Male	8.5 years Ranked 4th. 29% more than Spain	6.6 years Ranked 22nd.
Life expectancy > Date of information	2006 est.	2006 est.
Tobacco > Female smoking rate	31 Ranked 9th. About the same as Spain	30.9 Ranked 10th.
Transplants > Total	473 transplants Ranked 13th.	1,937 transplants Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Portugal
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births	7 Ranked 152nd. 17% more than Spain	6 Ranked 156th.
Red Cross donations per capita	0.0196 Ranked 27th.	0.0636 Ranked 22nd. 3 times more than Portugal
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	71.7 Ranked 26th.	75.3 Ranked 4th. 5% more than Portugal
Percentage of life lived in ill health > Males	11.7% Ranked 4th. 33% more than Spain	8.8% Ranked 21st.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males	54 Ranked 173th. 26% more than Spain	43 Ranked 190th.
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people	110.57 Ranked 107th. 2 times more than Spain	51.63 Ranked 136th.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (women)	13.4% Ranked 12th.	13.5% Ranked 9th. 1% more than Portugal
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	66.7 Ranked 33th.	69.9 Ranked 12th. 5% more than Portugal
Transplants > Kidney	293 kidney transplants Ranked 14th.	1,198 kidney transplants Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Portugal
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country	9,800 Ranked 14th.	11,400 Ranked 9th. 16% more than Portugal
HIV AIDS > Women living with aids 15-49	0.52 Ranked 57th. 4% more than Spain	0.5 Ranked 59th.
Children living with AIDS per 1000	0.0335 Ranked 62nd. 8% more than Spain	0.0309 Ranked 66th.
Births and maternity > Future births per million people	9.66 Ranked 178th.	10.56 Ranked 166th. 9% more than Portugal
Daily smokers > 1990	19% Ranked 27th.	35.9% Ranked 7th. 89% more than Portugal
Spending > Public	5.1%	5.4%
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms	86.96% Ranked 70th. The same as Spain	86.96% Ranked 56th.
Life expectancy > Female healthy years	69.4 years Ranked 23th.	73 years Ranked 6th. 5% more than Portugal
Total fertility rate	1.4 Ranked 153th. 17% more than Spain	1.2 Ranked 164th.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider	Social insurance	Social security
Infant mortality > Male babies	5.6 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 168th. 17% more than Spain	4.8 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 180th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health	Legal	Legal
Children living with AIDS	350 Ranked 66th.	1,300 Ranked 51st. 4 times more than Portugal
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	81 Ranked 28th.	83 Ranked 9th. 2% more than Portugal
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females	54 Ranked 173th. 26% more than Spain	43 Ranked 190th.
Transplants > Total per million	45.62 transplants Ranked 11th.	46.88 transplants Ranked 10th. 3% more than Portugal
Respiratory disease child death rate	1.87	0.64
Life expectancy > Centenarians per 100,000 people	2.72 Ranked 34th.	26.44 Ranked 5th. 10 times more than Portugal
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14	1300	32000
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons	Illegal	Illegal
Diseases > Total tetanus cases	9 Ranked 68th.	11 Ranked 60th. 22% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request	Illegal	Illegal
Diseases > Mumps cases per million people	18 Ranked 60th.	230.33 Ranked 15th. 13 times more than Portugal
Diseases > Neonatal tetanus cases per million people	0.0 Ranked 158th.	0.0 Ranked 118th.
Diseases > Pertussis cases	22 Ranked 81st.	556 Ranked 28th. 25 times more than Portugal
Probability of dying before 5 > Females	7 per 1,000 people Ranked 159th. 40% more than Spain	5 per 1,000 people Ranked 173th.
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars	1,201 Ranked 25th. 3% more than Spain	1,170 Ranked 27th.
Transplants > Liver per million	17.36 liver transplants Ranked 4th. 3% more than Spain	16.8 liver transplants Ranked 5th.
Transplants > Kidney per million	28.26 kidney transplants Ranked 14th.	29 kidney transplants Ranked 12th. 3% more than Portugal
Growth in health expenditure > Per annum	5.3% Ranked 2nd. 36% more than Spain	3.9% Ranked 3rd.
Spending > Private	2.5% Ranked 59th. 56% more than Spain	1.6% Ranked 91st.
Stomach cancer deaths	16 Ranked 2nd. 60% more than Spain	10 Ranked 8th.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Male > % ages 15-24	0.5% Ranked 54th.	0.6% Ranked 46th. 20% more than Portugal
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health	4.3% Ranked 67th.	14.5% Ranked 37th. 3 times more than Portugal
Health services > Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health	77.45% Ranked 109th. 4% more than Spain	74.65% Ranked 120th.
Health spending > % of GDP	10% Ranked 17th. 18% more than Spain	8.45% Ranked 39th.
Mortality > Completeness of total death reporting > % of reported total deaths to estimated total deaths	96.15% Ranked 30th.	100% Ranked 3rd. 4% more than Portugal
Public health spending > % of total health spending	70.65% Ranked 61st.	71.79% Ranked 58th. 2% more than Portugal
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births	7.9% Ranked 17th. 32% more than Spain	6% Ranked 14th.
Diseases > Total tetanus cases per million people	0.848 Ranked 64th. 3 times more than Spain	0.245 Ranked 97th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3	96 Ranked 61st. The same as Spain	96 Ranked 56th.
Public spending as % of total	70.5% Ranked 18th.	71.4% Ranked 16th. 1% more than Portugal
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private health expenditure	95.7% Ranked 75th. 16% more than Spain	82.5% Ranked 117th.
Deaths > Deaths of infant girls per million people	11.94 Ranked 42nd.	14.58 Ranked 35th. 22% more than Portugal
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %	17.33% Ranked 110th.	17.63% Ranked 107th. 2% more than Portugal
Cause of death, by injury > % of total	4.28% Ranked 169th. 12% more than Spain	3.82% Ranked 182nd.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	2.5% Ranked 164th. The same as Spain	2.5% Ranked 151st.
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health	0.0 Ranked 173th.	0.0 Ranked 157th.
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP	9.3% Ranked 22nd. 22% more than Spain	7.6% Ranked 51st.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles	87 Ranked 101st.	97 Ranked 40th. 11% more than Portugal
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3	96 Ranked 60th. The same as Spain	96 Ranked 57th.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	100% Ranked 29th. The same as Spain	100% Ranked 16th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > HepB3	58 Ranked 97th.	80 Ranked 77th. 38% more than Portugal
Diseases > Overweight > Ratio of male to female BMI	1.17 Ranked 16th.	1.17 Ranked 13th. 1% more than Portugal
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP	7.02% Ranked 17th. 22% more than Spain	5.74% Ranked 36th.
Diseases > Rubella cases per million people	0.566 Ranked 84th.	1.54 Ranked 70th. 3 times more than Portugal
Child injury death index	17.8 Ranked 3rd. 2 times more than Spain	8.1 Ranked 19th.
Births and maternity > All births of girls per thousand people	4.15 Ranked 42nd.	4.78 Ranked 32nd. 15% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Triplet births	89 Ranked 12th.	489 Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered	>90	>90
Diseases > Mumps cases	191 Ranked 52nd.	10,337 Ranked 5th. 54 times more than Portugal
Dead organ donors	20.1 Ranked 8th.	33.8 Ranked 1st. 68% more than Portugal
Smoking prevalence > Males > % of adults	32.8% Ranked 18th.	39.2% Ranked 15th. 20% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Single births per thousand people	8.9 Ranked 34th.	9.77 Ranked 27th. 10% more than Portugal
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health	Legal	Legal
Births and maternity > All births of boys per thousand people	4.39 Ranked 42nd.	5.1 Ranked 33th. 16% more than Portugal
Diseases > Rubella cases	6 Ranked 79th.	69 Ranked 42nd. 12 times more than Portugal
Life expectancy > 95% range	(82.20-82.50)	(84.00-84.40)
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment	Legal	Legal
Mortality > Completeness of infant death reporting > % of reported infant deaths to estimated infant deaths	79.07% Ranked 22nd.	98.79% Ranked 4th. 25% more than Portugal
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5	12.7% Ranked 96th.	12.93% Ranked 95th. 2% more than Portugal
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total	86.29% Ranked 49th.	90.76% Ranked 14th. 5% more than Portugal
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	30% Ranked 102nd. 31% more than Spain	22.9% Ranked 124th.
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49	0.4% Ranked 80th.	0.62% Ranked 66th. 55% more than Portugal
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49	66% Ranked 2nd.	81% Ranked 3rd. 23% more than Portugal
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	93% Ranked 87th.	97% Ranked 41st. 4% more than Portugal
Tuberculosis case detection rate > %, all forms	89% Ranked 21st. 2% more than Spain	87% Ranked 51st.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of total expenditure on health	27.31% Ranked 101st. 36% more than Spain	20.12% Ranked 123th.
Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	4.06% Ranked 112th.	22.86% Ranked 96th. 6 times more than Portugal
Health expenditure, private > % of GDP	3.72% Ranked 41st. 49% more than Spain	2.49% Ranked 96th.
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP	6.63% Ranked 30th.	6.95% Ranked 27th. 5% more than Portugal
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	93% Ranked 90th.	96% Ranked 60th. 3% more than Portugal
Infant mortality rate > Male	5.11 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 183th. 37% more than Spain	3.74 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 205th.
Public health spending > % of government spending	15.44% Ranked 36th.	15.64% Ranked 30th. 1% more than Portugal
Health expenditure, public > % of total health expenditure	64.05% Ranked 81st.	73.59% Ranked 50th. 15% more than Portugal
Private health spending > % of GDP	2.94% Ranked 57th. 23% more than Spain	2.39% Ranked 83th.
Births and maternity > Quadruplet and quintuplet births per million people	0.0 Ranked 31st.	0.0866 Ranked 14th.
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions > % of total	9.42% Ranked 128th. 74% more than Spain	5.42% Ranked 157th.
Diseases > Measles cases per million people	0.0 Ranked 169th.	5.95 Ranked 65th.
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79	9.56% Ranked 57th. 34% more than Spain	7.15% Ranked 102nd.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life	Legal	Legal
Diseases > Pertussis cases per million people	2.07 Ranked 81st.	12.39 Ranked 48th. 6 times more than Portugal
Births and maternity > All births of girls	43,680 Ranked 17th.	221,101 Ranked 6th. 5 times more than Portugal
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	5% Ranked 157th. The same as Spain	5% Ranked 128th.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 33th. The same as Spain	100% Ranked 16th.
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access	99% Ranked 52nd.	100% Ranked 21st. 1% more than Portugal
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	99% Ranked 75th.	100% Ranked 25th. 1% more than Portugal
Immunisation > Immunization, DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	98% Ranked 47th. 1% more than Spain	97% Ranked 57th.
Immunisation > Immunization, measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	97% Ranked 54th. The same as Spain	97% Ranked 50th.
Births and maternity > Quadruplet and quintuplet births	0.0 Ranked 31st.	4 Ranked 12th.
Expenditure > Private > % of GDP	2.78% Ranked 65th. 18% more than Spain	2.36% Ranked 89th.
HIVAIDS > Adult prevalence rate 15-49 years,	0.5 Ranked 63th. The same as Spain	0.5 Ranked 59th.
Health expenditure, public > % of government expenditure	13.44% Ranked 67th.	15.39% Ranked 41st. 15% more than Portugal

SOURCES: World Development Indicators database; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: Human height (Average height around the world); CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; OECD Health Data 2005; calculated on the basis of survival data from UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York; health care; British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; Wikipedia: Blood type distribution by country (ABO and Rh blood type distribution by country (population averages)); UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York; World Health Organization. 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Source tables; UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre; OECD; World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Report.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNICEF (United Nations Children?s Fund). 2002. Official Summary: The State of the World's Children 2002. New York: Oxford University Press.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Level & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2010. Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA, UNPD).; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm, (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Human Mortality Database. [ www.mortality.org or www.humanmortality.de] downloaded on Dec. 10, 2009.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Food and Agriculture Organisation, Food Security Statistics (http://www.fao.org/economic/ess/food-security-statistics/en/).; World Health Organization2005; Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys by UNICEF.; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables), (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization, Global Atlas of the Health Workforce. For latest updates and metadata, see http://apps.who.int/globalatlas/.; World Bank national accounts data; Wikipedia: List of countries by health insurance coverage; http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issues-migration-health/data/oecd-health-statistics/oecd-health-data-social-protection_data-00544-en; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; annual figures:WHO databank, National Bureaus of Statistics. Department of Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis Population Division (1995). World population prospects. The 1994 revision. New York: United Nations. Partly computations: Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychiatric Clinic, University of W?rzburg, Germany; Wikipedia: List of countries by life expectancy (Life expectancy at birth (years), Global Burden of Disease) (Das, Pamela; Samarasekera, Udani (2012). "The story of GBD 2010: a "super-human" effort" . The Lancet 380 (9859): 2067–2070. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62174-6 . Wang, Haidong; Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura; Lofgren, Katherine T; Rajaratnam, Julie Knoll; Marcus, Jacob R; Levin-Rector, Alison; Levitz, Carly E; Lopez, Alan D; Murray, Christopher JL (2012). "Age-specific and sex-specific mortality in 187 countries, 1970–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". The Lancet 380 (9859): 2071–2094. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61719-X ., ); World Health Organization. Source tables; UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organisation National Health Account database (www.who.int/nha/en) supplemented by country data.; WHO, World Health Statistics Annual, 1994, Australian Bureau of Statistics, 1994; UNHDR; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm.; WHO (World Health Organization). 2001. Correspondence on access to essential drugs. Department of Essential Drugs and Medecines Policy. February. Geneva; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-439.pdf. Walpole et al., BMC Public Health 2012, 12:4; World Health Organization2005. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organisation. 1997-1999 World Health Statistics Annual. Geneva: WHO, 2000; WHO, OECD and supplemented by country data.; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; UNICEF; United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects: The 1994 Revision, 1994; World Health Organization. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic.; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Children's Fund. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; Abstracted from center-specific counts (Worldwide Transplant Center Directory, 2002); International Committee of the Red Cross; Wikipedia: Prevalence of tobacco consumption (Rates) (WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, pp.278–287. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, p.67. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, p.287. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, p.68. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, p.268–287.); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of countries by life expectancy; Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990-2008. Estimates Developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank.; International Committee of the Red Cross. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Maternal Mortality: Estimates Developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank; United Nations, Demographic Yearbook, 1997; UNHDR. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Centenarian (Centenarian populations by country) ("World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision" . United Nations. Retrieved 24 February 2013. "World Population Ageing 2009" . (PDF) ST/ESA/SER.A/295. Population Division – Department of Economic and Social Affairs. United Nations. October 2010. p.27. "Chapter 1: Setting the Scene" (PDF). UNFPA. 2012 . Retrieved 11 January 2013 .); World Health Organization. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization. Source tables; The World Health Report 2001; UNAIDS and the WHO's Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic.; The United Nations Statistics Division's Population and Vital Statistics Report and the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects.; UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International.; World Health Organization. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNICEF; OECD Health Data 2004; World Health Organization, Worldwide Prevalence of Anemia.; Derived based on the data from WHO's World Health Statistics.; World Health Organisation and United Nations Children's Fund, Joint Measurement Programme (JMP) (http://www.wssinfo.org/).; World Health Organization. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. 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http://www.ustransplant.org/annual_reports/current/Chapter_II_AR_CD.htm#5; World Health Organization. Source tables; UNAIDS estimates.; World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Control Report.; World Health Organization. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Diabetes Federation, Diabetes Atlas.; World Health Organization. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Food and Agriculture Organisation (http://www.fao.org/faostat/foodsecurity/index_en.htm).; WHO and UNICEF (http://www.who.int/immunization_monitoring/routine/en/).

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