Education Stats: compare key data on Italy & United Kingdom

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Definitions

Average years of schooling of adults: Average years of schooling of adults is the years of formal schooling received, on average, by adults over age 15. (Data Source: Barro-Lee Data Set www.worldbank.org/html/prdmg/grthweb/ddbarle2.htm)
Children out of school, primary: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
Children out of school, primary per 1000: Children out of school, primary. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Total is the total number of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Children out of school, primary, female: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
College and university > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for college and university enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
College and university > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to post-secondary education.
Compulsary education duration: Number of years students are required to be enrolled in school for all levels of education. For instance, compulsary education lasts for 12 years in the United States.
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP: Percentage of public funding for education out of country's total GDP.
Homeschooling legal status: Legal status of homeschooling.
Literacy > Total population: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Primary education, duration > Years: Primary education, duration (years). Duration of primary is the number of grades (years) in primary education.
Primary education, teachers per 1000: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Primary is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers.
Secondary education, duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years). Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (years) in secondary education (ISCED 2 & 3).
Literacy > Female: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000: Children out of school, primary, female. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Female is the total number of female primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
College and university > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
Child care (preschool) > Duration: Number of years students study at the pre-primary (preschool) level. It should be noted that not all countries require pre-primary education.
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Duration of compulsory education: Duration of compulsory education is the number of grades (or years) that a child must legally be enrolled in school.
Secondary education, pupils: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions.
College and university > Private school share: Percentage of post-secondary students who attend a private school, college, or university.
School life expectancy > Total: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Primary education, pupils: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions.
Primary education, teachers: Primary education, teachers. Teaching staff in primary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private primary education institutions. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Tertiary enrollment: Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary level is the sum of all tertiary level students enrolled at the start of the school year, expressed as a percentage of the mid-year population in the 5 year age group after the official secondary school leaving age.
Spending per student > College and university: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
High school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Compulsary education starting age: Age at which children must be enrolled in school.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary. Pupil-teacher ratio. Secondary is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Literacy > Definition: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
High school > Upper secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the upper secondary (high school) level.
Literacy > Male: This entry includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of our source. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons.
Spending > USD: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment."
High school > Private school share: Percentage of secondary students who attend a private school.
Spending > Proportion: Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. Expressed as a proportion of GNI."
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Child care (preschool) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin pre-primary (preschool) education.
High school repeaters > Male: Repeaters in secondary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in secondary school."
Preschool enrollment rate: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music."
Tertiary > Students studying abroad: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year.
Teachers as percentage of labor force: The percentage share of the total labor force who are classroom, academic staff, and other teachers. Data for 1999.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall: Overall.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Elementary (primary school) > Duration: Number of years students study at the primary level.
Children out of school > Primary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Secondary education, teachers: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Secondary education, teachers per 1000: Secondary education, teachers. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Total is the total number of teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for pre-primary (preschool) education.
Mathematical literacy: Mathematical literacy mean value of performance scale 15 years old 2000
High school > Lower secondary school duration: Number of years students study at the lower secondary (middle school) level.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scientific literacy: Scientific literacy mean value of performance scale 15 years old (2000)
Spending per student > High school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
Secondary education, general pupils: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
Reading literacy: Reading literacy mean value of performance scale (15 years old, 2000)
High school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index for secondary level enrollment. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills: Overall.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Scientific and technical journal articles: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.
Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve: Access and retrieve.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female: Percentage of country's college and university professors that are female.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion: The number of students from a given country studying abroad in a given year, expressed as a percentage of total tertiary enrollment in that country. Ratios greater than 100 % are possible, because those currently studying abroad do not count towards total enrollment.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scouting > Genders admitted: Admits boys/girls.
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age: Average age at which students begin primary education.
Children out of school, primary, male: Children out of school, primary, male. Out-of-school children of primary school age. Male is the total number of male primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools.
High school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for all levels of secondary education.
Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training.
Spending per student > Elementary school: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
Secondary school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age (years). Entrance age of 2A lower secondary is the age at which students would enter lower secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
High school starting age > Years: Secondary school starting age is the age at which students would enter secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Educational attainment > Tertiary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till tertiary level (year 2000).
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women: Population with at least high school education > Women.
Schools connected to the Internet: Schools connected to the Internet are the share of primary and secondary schools in the country that have access to the Internet.
Public spending per student > Primary level: Public expenditure per student, primary level is the total reported current spending by the government on primary education, divided by the total number of pupils in primary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Primary education, pupils per 1000: Primary education, pupils. Enrolment in primary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in public and private primary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education, pupils per 1000: Secondary education, pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. All programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Student attitude > Dislike of school: Percentage of schoolgoing children who do not like going to school (2000).
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people: Total number of post-secondary students who were studying abroad during given year. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years: Secondary education, duration (years) is the number of grades (years) in secondary school."
Teacher student ratio > High school: Secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in secondary school divided by the number of secondary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Children out of school > Primary per 1000: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
High school repeaters > Female: Repeaters in secondary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in secondary school."
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school: Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment).
Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries: Percentage of public education funding for all levels that goes to teachers' salaries.
Elementary school > Enrolled students: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000: Secondary education, general pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. General programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in general programmes at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret: Integrate and interpret.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
High school > Lower secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin lower secondary (middle school) education.
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share: Percentage of primary students who attend a private school.
Elementary school > Gender ratio: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Duration of education > Secondary level: Duration of secondary education is the number of grades (or years) in general secondary education.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level: Public expenditure per student, tertiary level is the total reported current spending by the government on tertiary education, divided by the total number of pupils in tertiary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Primary education > Pupils: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men: Gender Inequality Index.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Secondary education, vocational pupils: Secondary education, vocational pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. Technical/vocational programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at public and private secondary education institutions.
Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher: Number of students per teacher for primary education.
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for education that goes to school staff salaries.
Secondary education > Teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Spending per secondary school student: Secondary school spending per pupil in 1998, converted into US dollars by purchasing power parity.
Scientific and technical journal articles per million: Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts: Non-continuous texts.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts: Continuous texts.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Duration of education > Primary level: Duration of primary education is the number of grades (or years) in primary education.
Expected duration of education for all students: Expected years of schooling for a 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Public spending per student > Secondary level: Public expenditure per student, secondary level is the total reported current spending by the government on secondary education, divided by the total number of pupils in secondary education, expressed as a percentage of per capita GDP.
Children out of school > Primary > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Educational attainment > Senior secondary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till senior secondary level (year 2000).
Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate: Reflect and evaluate.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
High school > Upper secondary starting age: Average age at which students begin upper secondary (high school) education.
Elementary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade."
Student attitude > Find school boring: Percentage of students who do find school boring (2000).
Elementary school repeaters > All: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
School life expectancy > Male: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Universities > Top 200: Number of universities in the top 200
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita: Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.
The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad.
Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge per million: Investment in knowledge is defined and calculated as the sum of expenditure on R&D, on total higher education (public and private) and on software. Simple summation of the three components would lead to overestimation of the investment in knowledge owing to overlaps (R&D and software, R&D and education, software and education). Therefore, data reported here have been adjusted to exclude the overlaps between components.
Note that as the term is used here, "investment” has a broader connotation than its usual meaning in economic statistics. It includes current expenditures, such as on education and R&D, as well as capital outlays, such as purchases of software and construction of school buildings. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Library books per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, primary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in primary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
Elementary (primary school) > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female: Percentage of country's elementary, or primary, teachers that are female.
Primary education > Teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Secondary education > Vocational pupils: Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training.
Expenditure on education > Change in expenditure on education > Expenditure in tertiary education: The indicator shows direct public and private expenditure on educational institutions in relation to the number of full-time equivalent students enrolled in these institutions. Public subsidies for students’ living expenses have been excluded to ensure international comparability of the data.
Expenditure on education per student is obtained by dividing the total expenditure on educational institutions by the number of full-time equivalents students. Only those educational institutions and programmes are taken into account for which both enrolment and expenditure data are available.
Private school enrolment > Primary level: Private sector enrolment share, primary level is the share of primary school pupils who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years: Primary duration refers to the number of years of full-time equivalent duration in primary education in the school system according to ISCED.
Educational attainment > Junior secondary: Percentage of adult population (aged 25-64) educated till junior secondary level (year 2000).
Primary education > Teachers per 1000: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Children out of school > Primary > Female > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Female enrolment share > Primary level: Girls' enrolment share, primary level is the number of girls enrolled in primary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in primary school.
Student attitude > Report class disorder: Percentage of students who report high noise level and disorder in classes (2000).
Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge: Investment in knowledge is defined and calculated as the sum of expenditure on R&D, on total higher education (public and private) and on software. Simple summation of the three components would lead to overestimation of the investment in knowledge owing to overlaps (R&D and software, R&D and education, software and education). Therefore, data reported here have been adjusted to exclude the overlaps between components.
Note that as the term is used here, "investment” has a broader connotation than its usual meaning in economic statistics. It includes current expenditures, such as on education and R&D, as well as capital outlays, such as purchases of software and construction of school buildings.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars.
Universities > Top 200 per million: Number of universities in the top 200. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Primary school starting age > Years: Primary school starting age (years). Entrance age of primary is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.
Scouting > Members: Members of boy or girl scout groups which are members of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM).
High school> Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries: Percentage of public funding for secondary education that goes to teachers' salaries.
High school > Share of total education spending: Percentage of government education funding that goes to secondary education.
Elementary (primary) school > Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries: Percentage of public funding for primary education that goes to teachers' salaries.
Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries: Percentage of public funding for primary education that goes to school staff salaries.
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level: Net enrolment ratio, secondary level, is the ratio of the number of children of official secondary school age enrolled in school to the number of children of official secondary school age in the population.
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Children out of school > Primary > Male: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index: Country's gender parity index in primary, or elementary, school. For countries with a rating of over 1, more females are enrolled while countries with a rating under 1 have more males enrolled.
Spending per primary school student: Primary school spending per pupil in 1998, converted into US dollars by purchasing power parity.
Female enrolment share > Secondary level: Girls' enrolment share, secondary level is the number of girls enrolled in secondary school, expressed as a percentage of the total number of pupils in secondary school.
Private school enrolment > Secondary level: Private sector enrolment share, secondary level is the share of students in general secondary education who attend a privately managed school, regardless of whether or not the school receives subsidies from the government.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Scouting > Members per thousand people: Membership (from 2012). Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64: For each age group shown, those who have completed tertiary education are shown as a percentage of all persons in that age group. Tertiary education includes both tertiary-type "A programmes”, which are largely theoretically-based and designed to provide qualifications for entry to advanced research programmes and professions with high skill requirements, as well as tertiary-type "B programmes” which are classified at the same level of competencies as tertiary-type A programmes but are more occupationally-oriented and lead to direct labour market access. The tertiary attainment profiles are based on the percentage of the population aged 25 to 64 that has completed that level of education.
School life expectancy > Female: School life expectancy and transition from primary to secondary for school years 1998/99 and 1999/00, published in http://www.uis.unesco.org accessed on Sept. 2002 and Women's Indicators and Statistics Database (Wistat), Version 4, CD-ROM (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.00.XVII.4) based on data provided by UNESCO in 1999.
Elementary school repeaters > Female: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
Elementary school repeaters > Male: Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school."
Children out of school > Primary > Male > Per capita: Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
High school teachers: Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Elementary school teachers: Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Homeschooling prevalance: Prevalence of homeschooling.
Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 15 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 20 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP: Number of universities in the top 200 Per $ GDP figures expressed per 1 billion $ gross domestic product.
Primary education > Pupils per 1000: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita: Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level: Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary level is the average number of pupils per teacher in secondary education. Cross-country comparisons may be affected by such factors as the composition of teachers by part- and full-time employment.
Young longtext readers: Share of 15-year-olds who are frequent longtext readers(2000)
Share of university qualifications awarded to females: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Young shorttext readers: Share of 15-year-olds who are frequent shorttext (particularly comics) readers (2000)
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million: Research and development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications. R&D is a term covering three activities: basic research, applied research, and experimental development. Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundation of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view. Applied research is also original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge. It is, however, directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective. Experimental development is systematic work, drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience, which is directed to producing new materials, products or devices, to installing new processes, systems and services, or to improving substantially those already produced or installed.
The main aggregate used for international comparisons is gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). This consists of the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc. It excludes R&D expenditures financed by domestic firms but performed abroad. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Primary teacher age > Proportion aged 30-39: Percentage of primary teachers who are aged 30-39. Data for 1999.
Spending per secondary school student > Per $ GDP: Secondary school spending per pupil in 1998, converted into US dollars by purchasing power parity. Per $ GDP figures expressed per $1,000 of Gross Domestic Product.
Library members per 1000: . Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Library employees per million: . Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Progression to secondary level: Progression to secondary level is the number of new entrants to the first grade of general secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the number of pupils in the final grade of primary school in the previous year.
Expected duration of education for males: Expected years of schooling for a male 5-year-old under current conditions, excluding education for children under 5. Data for 2000.
Female teachers > Lower secondary: Percentage share of lower secondary level teachers at who are female. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 19 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education: Percentage share of 16 year-olds enrolled in secondary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as first degree awarded to females. Data for 2000.
Repeaters, primary, male > % of male enrollment: Repeaters, primary, male (% of male enrollment). Percentage of repeaters in primary. All grades. Male is the number of male students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all male students enrolled in primary school. It is calculated by dividing the sum of male repeaters in all grades of primary education by the total male enrolment of primary education and multiplying the result by 100.
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
Unemployment with primary education > Male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
School enrollment > Preprimary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment.
School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
Secondary education > Teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Labor force with tertiary education, female > % of female labor force: Labor force with tertiary education, female (% of female labor force). Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with primary education > % of total: Labor force with primary education (% of total). Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with secondary education, male > % of male labor force: Labor force with secondary education, male (% of male labor force). Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with secondary education > % of total: Labor force with secondary education (% of total). Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment: Unemployment with tertiary education (% of total unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Primary education > Pupils > Per capita: Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Researchers in R&D > Per million people: Researchers in R&D (per million people). Researchers in R&D are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods, or systems and in the management of the projects concerned. Postgraduate PhD students (ISCED97 level 6) engaged in R&D are included.
High school teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Primary teacher age > Proportion under 30 per million: Percentage of primary teachers who are less than 30 years of age. Data for 1999. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
School enrollment > Primary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
School enrollment, primary, male > % net: School enrollment, primary, male (% net). Net enrolment rate. Primary. Male is the ratio of male children of the official primary school age who are enrolled in primary school to the male population of the official primary school age.
School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
Elementary school > Enrolled students > % female: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at primary level include enrollments in public and private schools.
Elementary school teachers > % female: Female teachers as a percentage of total primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils > % female: Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training."
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils > % female: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at secondary level includes enrollments in public and private schools.
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$, % of GDP: Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant 2005 U.S. dollars. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
Literacy and Attainment > Educational attainment: completed tertiary > Tertiary > Population 25+ years > % > Over 24 year olds: Percentage of population older than 24 years that has completed tertiary education.
Primary education, teachers > % female: Primary education, teachers (% female). Percentage female teachers. Primary is the number of female teachers at the primary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers (male and female) at the primary level in a given school year. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Tertiary education, teachers > % female: Tertiary education, teachers (% female). Percentage female teachers. Tertiary is the number of female teachers at the tertiary level expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers (male and female) at the tertiary level in a given school year. Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions.
Unemployment with secondary education, male > % of male unemployment: Unemployment with secondary education, male (% of male unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Public spending on education, total > % of GDP: Public spending on education, total (% of GDP). Public expenditure on education as % of GDP is the total public expenditure (current and capital) on education expressed as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in a given year. Public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration, and transfers/subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).
Labor force with secondary education, female > % of female labor force: Labor force with secondary education, female (% of female labor force). Labor force with secondary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a secondary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Unemployment with secondary education, female > % of female unemployment: Unemployment with secondary education, female (% of female unemployment). Unemployment by level of educational attainment shows the unemployed by level of educational attainment, as a percentage of the unemployed. The levels of educational attainment accord with the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 of the United Nations Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization (UNESCO).
Education spending > % of GDP: Government Education Expenditure (% of GDP, 2000-2002)
School enrollment > Secondary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
Ratio of female to male enrollments in tertiary education: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment is the percentage of men to women enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > Second degree: Percentage share of tertiary level A qualifications as second degree awarded to females. Tertiary level A includes university and advanced research level degrees. Data for 2000.
Secondary education > Pupils > % female: Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at secondary level includes enrollments in public and private schools.
Proportion of 17 year olds in tertiary education: Percentage share of 17 year-olds enrolled in tertiary education. Based on net enrolment rates, attained by head count. Data for 2000.
School enrollment > Primary > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
Government spending on education > % of GDP: Public expenditure on education consists of current and capital public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities)."
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Private > % of total secondary: Private enrollment refers to pupils or students enrolled in institutions that are not operated by a public authority but controlled and managed, whether for profit or not, by a private body such as a nongovernmental organisation, religious body, special interest group, foundation or business enterprise."
School enrollment > Tertiary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.
Participation > School enrollment > Tertiary > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level."
Participation > School enrollment > Tertiary > Female > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level."
Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > % net: Total enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group."
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % net: Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers."
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education > %: Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education (%). Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is the percentage of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
School enrollment, preprimary, female > % gross: School enrollment, preprimary, female (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Pre-primary. Female is the total female enrollment in pre-primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total female population of official pre-primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
School enrollment, preprimary, male > % gross: School enrollment, preprimary, male (% gross). Gross enrolment ratio. Pre-primary. Male is the total male enrollment in pre-primary education, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the total male population of official pre-primary education age. GER can exceed 100% due to the inclusion of over-aged and under-aged students because of early or late school entrance and grade repetition.
Expenditure per student > Tertiary > % of GDP per capita: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita.
School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % gross: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
Secondary education, pupils > % female: Secondary education, pupils (% female). Percentage of female students. Total secondary. All programmes is the number of female students enrolled in all secondary education programmes expressed as a percentage of the total number of students (male and female) enrolled at the secondary education level in a given school year.
Expenditure per student > Primary > % of GDP per capita: Public expenditure per student is the public current spending on education divided by the total number of students by level, as a percentage of GDP per capita.
Expenditure per student, primary > % of GDP per capita: Expenditure per student, primary (% of GDP per capita). Public expenditure per pupil as a % of GDP per capita. Primary is the total public expenditure per student in primary education as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).
Labor force with primary education, female > % of female labor force: Labor force with primary education, female (% of female labor force). Labor force with primary education is the proportion of the labor force that has a primary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Labor force with tertiary education > % of total: Labor force with tertiary education (% of total). Labor force with tertiary education is the proportion of labor force that has a tertiary education, as a percentage of the total labor force.
Services, etc., value added > Current US$ per capita: Services, etc., value added (current US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Services, etc., value added > Current US$, % of GDP: Services, etc., value added (current US$). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Figures expressed as a proportion of GDP for the same year
Secondary education, vocational pupils per 1000: Secondary education, vocational pupils. Enrolment in total secondary. Public and private. Technical/vocational programmes. Total is the total number of students enrolled in technical/vocational programmes at public and private secondary education institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Secondary education, teachers, female per 1000: Secondary education, teachers, female. Teaching staff in total secondary. Public and private. Full and part-time. All programmes. Female is the total number of female teachers in public and private secondary education institutions (ISCED 2 and 3). Teachers are persons employed full time or part time in an official capacity to guide and direct the learning experience of pupils and students, irrespective of their qualifications or the delivery mechanism, i.e. face-to-face and/or at a distance. This definition excludes educational personnel who have no active teaching duties (e.g. headmasters, headmistresses or principals who do not teach) and persons who work occasionally or in a voluntary capacity in educational institutions. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.

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STAT	Italy	United Kingdom
Average years of schooling of adults	7.2 Ranked 36th.	9.4 Ranked 14th. 31% more than Italy
Children out of school, primary	25,573 Ranked 58th. 92% more than United Kingdom	13,333 Ranked 69th.
Children out of school, primary per 1000	0.421 Ranked 106th. 98% more than United Kingdom	0.212 Ranked 110th.
Children out of school, primary, female	17,905 Ranked 48th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	7,256 Ranked 64th.
College and university > Gender parity index	1.39 Ranked 35th. 1% more than United Kingdom	1.38 Ranked 37th.
College and university > Share of total education spending	18.76% Ranked 63th. 14% more than United Kingdom	16.39% Ranked 76th.
Compulsary education duration	10 Ranked 64th.	12 Ranked 22nd. 20% more than Italy
Government spending on education > Proportion of GDP	4.5% Ranked 64th.	6.3% Ranked 25th. 40% more than Italy
Homeschooling legal status	Legal, homeschooling is allowed by the constitution.	Legal as alternative to the mandatory public school system.
Literacy > Total population	98.6% Ranked 36th.	99% Ranked 23th. About the same as Italy
Primary education, duration > Years	5 Ranked 167th.	6 Ranked 90th. 20% more than Italy
Primary education, teachers per 1000	4.6 Ranked 70th. 13% more than United Kingdom	4.08 Ranked 80th.
Pupil-teacher ratio, primary	10.33 Ranked 139th.	17.27 Ranked 78th. 67% more than Italy
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary	10.1 Ranked 100th.	14.27 Ranked 55th. 41% more than Italy
Secondary education, duration > Years	8 Ranked 15th. 14% more than United Kingdom	7 Ranked 59th.
Literacy > Female	98.3% Ranked 33th.	99% Ranked 21st. 1% more than Italy
Children out of school, primary, female per 1000	0.295 Ranked 86th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	0.116 Ranked 101st.
College and university > Gender ratio	140.71 Ranked 27th. About the same as United Kingdom	140.15 Ranked 28th.
Child care (preschool) > Duration	3 Ranked 89th. 50% more than United Kingdom	2 Ranked 164th.
Secondary education > Teachers > Per capita	7.17 per 1,000 people Ranked 41st. 15% more than United Kingdom	6.23 per 1,000 people Ranked 54th.
Duration of compulsory education	9 years Ranked 86th.	12 years Ranked 14th. 33% more than Italy
Secondary education, pupils	4.63 million Ranked 17th.	5 million Ranked 15th. 8% more than Italy
College and university > Private school share	9.59% Ranked 90th.	100% Ranked 3rd. 10 times more than Italy
Girls to boys ratio > Primary level enrolment	1 Ranked 43th. The same as United Kingdom	1 Ranked 42nd.
School life expectancy > Total	14.7 years Ranked 20th.	16.4 years Ranked 4th. 12% more than Italy
Primary education, pupils	2.83 million Ranked 37th.	4.42 million Ranked 22nd. 56% more than Italy
Primary education, teachers	273,113 Ranked 18th. 7% more than United Kingdom	255,994 Ranked 14th.
Tertiary enrollment	49.9% Ranked 22nd.	59.5% Ranked 9th. 19% more than Italy
Spending per student > College and university	22.28 Ranked 36th.	24.79 Ranked 32nd. 11% more than Italy
High school > Gender ratio	99.03 Ranked 81st.	102.39 Ranked 44th. 3% more than Italy
Compulsary education starting age	6 Ranked 103th. 20% more than United Kingdom	5 Ranked 166th.
Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary per million	0.17 Ranked 107th.	0.232 Ranked 94th. 37% more than Italy
Literacy > Definition	age 15 and over can read and write	age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling
High school > Upper secondary school duration	5 Ranked 4th. 25% more than United Kingdom	4 Ranked 32nd.
Literacy > Male	99% Ranked 32nd. The same as United Kingdom	99% Ranked 31st.
Spending > USD	101.89 billion Ranked 6th.	136.4 billion Ranked 5th. 34% more than Italy
High school > Private school share	8.52% Ranked 84th.	29.43% Ranked 24th. 3 times more than Italy
Spending > Proportion	4.52 Ranked 70th.	5.06 Ranked 48th. 12% more than Italy
Pupil-teacher ratio > Primary	10.62 Ranked 138th.	18.09 Ranked 98th. 70% more than Italy
Child care (preschool) > Starting age	3 Ranked 158th. The same as United Kingdom	3 Ranked 145th.
High school repeaters > Male	3.86 Ranked 53th.	0.0 Ranked 43th.
Preschool enrollment rate	103.82 Ranked 80th.	106.43 Ranked 57th. 3% more than Italy
Tertiary > Students studying abroad	47,272.98 Ranked 12th. 75% more than United Kingdom	26,949.64 Ranked 31st.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level	1.91 million Ranked 20th.	2.29 million Ranked 12th. 20% more than Italy
Teachers as percentage of labor force	4.7% Ranked 10th. 24% more than United Kingdom	3.8% Ranked 22nd.
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall	486 Ranked 27th.	494 Ranked 23th. 2% more than Italy
Elementary (primary school) > Duration	5 Ranked 177th.	6 Ranked 95th. 20% more than Italy
Children out of school > Primary	11,194 Ranked 73th. 10 times more than United Kingdom	1,069 Ranked 104th.
Secondary education, teachers	450,757 Ranked 10th. 20% more than United Kingdom	375,385 Ranked 10th.
Secondary education, teachers per 1000	7.59 Ranked 33th. 24% more than United Kingdom	6.11 Ranked 59th.
Child care (preschool) > Students per teacher	11.62 Ranked 101st.	18.19 Ranked 45th. 56% more than Italy
Mathematical literacy	457 Ranked 23th.	529 Ranked 7th. 16% more than Italy
High school > Lower secondary school duration	3 Ranked 146th. The same as United Kingdom	3 Ranked 138th.
Children out of school, primary, male per 1000	0.126 Ranked 97th. 30% more than United Kingdom	0.0968 Ranked 100th.
Scientific literacy	478 Ranked 23th.	532 Ranked 4th. 11% more than Italy
Spending per student > High school	25.38 Ranked 17th.	28.64 Ranked 12th. 13% more than Italy
Secondary education, general pupils	2.92 million Ranked 21st.	4.55 million Ranked 15th. 56% more than Italy
Reading literacy	487 Ranked 20th.	523 Ranked 7th. 7% more than Italy
High school > Gender parity index	0.986 Ranked 91st.	1.01 Ranked 63th. 3% more than Italy
Literacy > Reading performance > Overall reading skills	486 Ranked 27th.	494 Ranked 23th. 2% more than Italy
Scientific and technical journal articles	24,696 Ranked 8th.	48,288 Ranked 3rd. 96% more than Italy
Literacy > Reading performance > Access and retrieve	482 Ranked 30th.	491 Ranked 27th. 2% more than Italy
College and university > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female	36% Ranked 21st.	43% Ranked 14th. 19% more than Italy
Tertiary > Students studying abroad proportion	2.4% Ranked 88th. 2 times more than United Kingdom	1.08% Ranked 110th.
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level per 1000	33.48 Ranked 40th.	38.56 Ranked 30th. 15% more than Italy
Scouting > Genders admitted	both	both
Elementary (primary school) > Starting age	6 Ranked 130th. 20% more than United Kingdom	5 Ranked 199th.
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of total government	9.6% Ranked 70th.	12.1% Ranked 56th. 26% more than Italy
Children out of school, primary, male	7,668 Ranked 57th. 26% more than United Kingdom	6,077 Ranked 64th.
Education expenditure of government > As percentage of GNI	4.7% Ranked 56th.	5.3% Ranked 46th. 13% more than Italy
High school > Students per teacher	10.1 Ranked 103th.	14.27 Ranked 56th. 41% more than Italy
Secondary education > General pupils	2.81 million Ranked 26th.	4.4 million Ranked 15th. 57% more than Italy
Spending per student > Elementary school	22.8 Ranked 17th.	23.42 Ranked 13th. 3% more than Italy
Secondary school starting age > Years	11 Ranked 168th. The same as United Kingdom	11 Ranked 164th.
High school starting age > Years	11 Ranked 147th. The same as United Kingdom	11 Ranked 145th.
Primary education > Teachers > Per capita	4.48 per 1,000 people Ranked 78th. 4% more than United Kingdom	4.33 per 1,000 people Ranked 82nd.
Educational attainment > Tertiary	10% Ranked 18th.	26% Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Primary level	2.78 million Ranked 45th.	4.49 million Ranked 27th. 62% more than Italy
High school > Population with at least high school education > Women	68% Ranked 60th.	99.6% Ranked 5th. 46% more than Italy
Schools connected to the Internet	88% Ranked 20th.	99% Ranked 8th. 13% more than Italy
Public spending per student > Primary level	21.2 Ranked 14th. 51% more than United Kingdom	14 Ranked 34th.
Primary education, pupils per 1000	46.56 Ranked 138th.	70.43 Ranked 107th. 51% more than Italy
Secondary education, pupils per 1000	76.25 Ranked 85th.	79.68 Ranked 73th. 4% more than Italy
Girls to boys ratio > Tertiary level enrolment	1.34 Ranked 42nd.	1.37 Ranked 36th. 2% more than Italy
Girls to boys ratio > Secondary level enrolment	0.99 Ranked 97th.	1.03 Ranked 58th. 4% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Tertiary level > Per capita	33.48 per 1,000 people Ranked 40th.	38.58 per 1,000 people Ranked 29th. 15% more than Italy
Student attitude > Dislike of school	38% Ranked 2nd. 36% more than United Kingdom	28% Ranked 10th.
Tertiary > Students studying abroad per thousand people	0.778 Ranked 126th. 81% more than United Kingdom	0.429 Ranked 147th.
Outcomes > Secondary education > Duration > Years	8 Ranked 14th. 14% more than United Kingdom	7 Ranked 52nd.
Teacher student ratio > High school	10.1 Ranked 97th.	14.01 Ranked 66th. 39% more than Italy
Children out of school > Primary per 1000	0.192 Ranked 115th. 11 times more than United Kingdom	0.0179 Ranked 120th.
Inequality adjusted index	0.74 Ranked 36th.	0.806 Ranked 28th. 9% more than Italy
High school repeaters > Female	2.18 Ranked 59th.	0.0 Ranked 43th.
Teacher student ratio > Elementary school	10.33 Ranked 132nd.	18.27 Ranked 70th. 77% more than Italy
Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries	57.73% Ranked 23th. 49% more than United Kingdom	38.87% Ranked 37th.
Elementary school > Enrolled students	2.82 million Ranked 42nd.	4.47 million Ranked 23th. 58% more than Italy
Primary education > Duration > Years	5 years Ranked 159th.	6 years Ranked 88th. 20% more than Italy
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$ per capita	$19,316.27 Ranked 16th.	$26,253.64 Ranked 8th. 36% more than Italy
Secondary education, general pupils per 1000	48.17 Ranked 127th.	72.5 Ranked 62nd. 51% more than Italy
Literacy > Reading performance > Integrate and interpret	490 Ranked 25th.	491 Ranked 24th. About the same as Italy
High school > Lower secondary starting age	11 Ranked 174th. The same as United Kingdom	11 Ranked 170th.
Elementary (primary) school) > Private school share	6.93% Ranked 87th. 37% more than United Kingdom	5.07% Ranked 93th.
Elementary school > Gender ratio	99.14 Ranked 61st.	99.95 Ranked 30th. 1% more than Italy
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level	99% Ranked 20th.	100% Ranked 6th. 1% more than Italy
Duration of education > Secondary level	8 Ranked 15th. 14% more than United Kingdom	7 Ranked 51st.
Public spending per student > Tertiary level	26 Ranked 56th.	26.3 Ranked 55th. 1% more than Italy
Primary education > Pupils	2.77 million Ranked 43th.	4.69 million Ranked 24th. 69% more than Italy
Secondary education > Pupils	4.51 million Ranked 18th.	5.7 million Ranked 14th. 26% more than Italy
High school > Population with at least high school education > Men	78.1% Ranked 49th.	99.8% Ranked 5th. 28% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Tertiary level	56.25% Ranked 38th. 1% more than United Kingdom	55.9% Ranked 41st.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level > Per capita	79.22 per 1,000 people Ranked 95th.	163.68 per 1,000 people Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Italy
Secondary education, vocational pupils	1.71 million Ranked 6th. 4 times more than United Kingdom	451,007 Ranked 18th.
Elementary (primary) school > Students per teacher	10.33 Ranked 141st.	17.27 Ranked 78th. 67% more than Italy
Spending on education > Proportion spent on all staff salaries	78.45% Ranked 33th. 18% more than United Kingdom	66.37% Ranked 63th.
Secondary education > Teachers	417,023.3 Ranked 11th. 12% more than United Kingdom	372,887 Ranked 15th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary	16 years Ranked 20th. The same as United Kingdom	16 years Ranked 19th.
Spending per secondary school student	$6,458.00 per student Ranked 7th. 23% more than United Kingdom	$5,230.00 per student Ranked 13th.
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level	4.53 million Ranked 22nd.	9.71 million Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Italy
Scientific and technical journal articles per million	428.72 Ranked 22nd.	810.66 Ranked 7th. 89% more than Italy
Literacy > Reading performance > Non-continuous texts	476 Ranked 29th.	506 Ranked 11th. 6% more than Italy
Literacy > Reading performance > Continuous texts	489 Ranked 26th.	492 Ranked 24th. 1% more than Italy
Duration of education > Primary level	5 Ranked 141st.	6 Ranked 84th. 20% more than Italy
Expected duration of education for all students	15.8 years Ranked 23th.	18.9 years Ranked 3rd. 20% more than Italy
Participation > Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education	99.07% Ranked 81st.	101.28% Ranked 33th. 2% more than Italy
Participation > Children out of school > Elementary	19,018 Ranked 68th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	6,643 Ranked 77th.
Public spending per student > Secondary level	27.1 Ranked 18th. 82% more than United Kingdom	14.9 Ranked 48th.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Primary level	48.41% Ranked 85th.	48.79% Ranked 50th. 1% more than Italy
Children out of school > Primary > Per capita	0.192 per 1,000 people Ranked 116th. 11 times more than United Kingdom	0.018 per 1,000 people Ranked 121st.
Educational attainment > Senior secondary	33% Ranked 14th.	37% Ranked 13th. 12% more than Italy
Literacy > Reading performance > Reflect and evaluate	482 Ranked 30th.	503 Ranked 12th. 4% more than Italy
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Women	99% Ranked 19th.	100% Ranked 7th. 1% more than Italy
High school > Upper secondary starting age	14 Ranked 192nd. The same as United Kingdom	14 Ranked 190th.
Elementary school starting age > Years	6 Ranked 117th. 20% more than United Kingdom	5 Ranked 170th.
Library books	13.19 million Ranked 2nd.	27.9 million Ranked 3rd. 2 times more than Italy
Student attitude > Find school boring	54% Ranked 9th. The same as United Kingdom	54% Ranked 10th.
Elementary school repeaters > All	0.24 Ranked 123th.	0.0 Ranked 121st.
School life expectancy > Male	14.5 years Ranked 19th.	16 years Ranked 4th. 10% more than Italy
Universities > Top 200	3 Ranked 18th.	24 Ranked 2nd. 8 times more than Italy
Secondary education > General pupils > Per capita	48.3 per 1,000 people Ranked 127th.	73.57 per 1,000 people Ranked 70th. 52% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Primary level per 1000	48.62 Ranked 155th.	75.65 Ranked 132nd. 56% more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Primary level > Per capita	0.049 per capita Ranked 151st.	0.076 per capita Ranked 130th. 55% more than Italy
Education enrolment ratio > Net > Primary level > Men	100% Ranked 13th. The same as United Kingdom	100% Ranked 11th.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD	1.09% Ranked 24th.	1.76% Ranked 15th. 61% more than Italy
Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge per million	0.0393% Ranked 16th.	0.0558% Ranked 14th. 42% more than Italy
Library books per 1000	231.7 Ranked 3rd.	475.44 Ranked 20th. 2 times more than Italy
Pupils-teacher ratio > Primary level	10.7 Ranked 132nd.	18.2 Ranked 98th. 70% more than Italy
Elementary (primary school) > Teachers > Proportion of teachers female	95% Ranked 2nd. 9% more than United Kingdom	87% Ranked 7th.
Primary education > Teachers	260,769.1 Ranked 15th. 1% more than United Kingdom	258,966 Ranked 16th.
Secondary education > Vocational pupils	1.7 million Ranked 6th. 31% more than United Kingdom	1.3 million Ranked 10th.
Education enrolment by level > Percentage girls > Secondary level	48.46% Ranked 100th.	54.2% Ranked 6th. 12% more than Italy
Expenditure on education > Change in expenditure on education > Expenditure in tertiary education	112.26 Index of change, year 200 Ranked 22nd.	149.45 Index of change, year 200 Ranked 5th. 33% more than Italy
Private school enrolment > Primary level	7 Ranked 44th. 46% more than United Kingdom	4.8 Ranked 52nd.
Outcomes > Primary education > Duration > Years	5 Ranked 148th.	6 Ranked 82nd. 20% more than Italy
Library employees	595 Ranked 2nd.	2,868 Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than Italy
Educational attainment > Junior secondary	57% Ranked 1st. 54% more than United Kingdom	37% Ranked 6th.
Primary education > Teachers per 1000	4.48 Ranked 76th. 4% more than United Kingdom	4.33 Ranked 82nd.
Secondary education > Pupils per 1000	77.45 Ranked 78th.	95.2 Ranked 47th. 23% more than Italy
Children out of school > Primary > Female > Per capita	0.118 per 1,000 people Ranked 109th. 29 times more than United Kingdom	0.004 per 1,000 people Ranked 114th.
Female enrolment share > Primary level	48.5% Ranked 78th.	48.8% Ranked 36th. 1% more than Italy
Student attitude > Report class disorder	46% Ranked 1st. 70% more than United Kingdom	27% Ranked 12th.
Research and Development > RandD > Investment in knowledge > Investment in knowledge	2.37% Ranked 16th.	3.45% Ranked 12th. 46% more than Italy
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$	$1.17 trillion Ranked 5th.	$1.58 trillion Ranked 5th. 35% more than Italy
Universities > Top 200 per million	0.0512 Ranked 22nd.	0.399 Ranked 10th. 8 times more than Italy
Primary school starting age > Years	6 Ranked 130th. 20% more than United Kingdom	5 Ranked 191st.
Scouting > Members	102,066 Ranked 16th.	528,263 Ranked 9th. 5 times more than Italy
High school> Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries	65.39% Ranked 30th. 44% more than United Kingdom	45.26% Ranked 45th.
High school > Share of total education spending	42.94% Ranked 22nd.	48.32% Ranked 7th. 13% more than Italy
Elementary (primary) school > Proportion of education spending on teachers' salaries	63.76% Ranked 31st. 91% more than United Kingdom	33.34% Ranked 48th.
Elementary (primary) school) > Proportion spent on all staff salaries	82.58% Ranked 43th. 16% more than United Kingdom	70.93% Ranked 65th.
Enrolment ratio > Secondary level	90.5% Ranked 10th.	93.7% Ranked 5th. 4% more than Italy
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils	2.87 million Ranked 25th.	4.64 million Ranked 14th. 62% more than Italy
Secondary education > Teachers per 1000	7.17 Ranked 40th. 15% more than United Kingdom	6.23 Ranked 54th.
Secondary education > General pupils per 1000	48.3 Ranked 126th.	73.53 Ranked 69th. 52% more than Italy
Ratio of female to male primary enrollment	99.51 Ranked 46th.	99.93 Ranked 27th. About the same as Italy
Children out of school > Primary > Male	4,320 Ranked 74th. 5 times more than United Kingdom	853 Ranked 95th.
Elementary (primary) school > Gender parity index	0.986 Ranked 86th.	0.994 Ranked 63th. 1% more than Italy
Spending per primary school student	$5,653.00 per student Ranked 6th. 70% more than United Kingdom	$3,329.00 per student Ranked 14th.
Female enrolment share > Secondary level	48.1% Ranked 89th.	52.7% Ranked 12th. 10% more than Italy
Private school enrolment > Secondary level	5.5 Ranked 18th.	102.9 Ranked 1st. 19 times more than Italy
Education enrolment by level > Secondary level per 1000	79.23 Ranked 95th.	163.61 Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Italy
Scouting > Members per thousand people	1.68 Ranked 70th.	8.35 Ranked 17th. 5 times more than Italy
Outcomes > Tertiary attainment > Tertiary attainment for age group 55-64	8.58% Ranked 27th.	24.12% Ranked 10th. 3 times more than Italy
School life expectancy > Female	14.8 years Ranked 20th.	16.8 years Ranked 4th. 14% more than Italy
Elementary school repeaters > Female	0.18 Ranked 121st.	0.0 Ranked 117th.
Elementary school repeaters > Male	0.3 Ranked 120th.	0.0 Ranked 118th.
Children out of school > Primary > Male > Per capita	0.074 per 1,000 people Ranked 111th. 5 times more than United Kingdom	0.014 per 1,000 people Ranked 114th.
High school teachers	450,757 Ranked 11th. 19% more than United Kingdom	378,882 Ranked 13th.
Elementary school teachers	273,113 Ranked 16th. 12% more than United Kingdom	244,391 Ranked 14th.
Homeschooling prevalance	Unknown	60000
Proportion of 15 year-olds in secondary education	89% Ranked 26th.	103% Ranked 2nd. 16% more than Italy
Proportion of 20 year olds in tertiary education	26% Ranked 17th.	33% Ranked 10th. 27% more than Italy
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils	4.51 million Ranked 17th.	5.75 million Ranked 14th. 28% more than Italy
Universities > Top 200 > Per $ GDP	0.002 per $1 billion of GDP Ranked 26th.	0.011 per $1 billion of GDP Ranked 10th. 6 times more than Italy
Primary education > Pupils per 1000	47.59 Ranked 155th.	78.27 Ranked 121st. 64% more than Italy
Secondary education > Pupils > Per capita	77.45 per 1,000 people Ranked 83th.	95.25 per 1,000 people Ranked 48th. 23% more than Italy
Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment	98.81 Ranked 88th.	102.94 Ranked 49th. 4% more than Italy
Pupils-teacher ratio > Secondary level	10.5 Ranked 102nd.	17.2 Ranked 66th. 64% more than Italy
Young longtext readers	19.9% Ranked 17th.	35% Ranked 3rd. 76% more than Italy
Share of university qualifications awarded to females	56% Ranked 14th. 4% more than United Kingdom	54% Ranked 17th.
Young shorttext readers	26.4% Ranked 10th. 3 times more than United Kingdom	8.5% Ranked 27th.
Research and Development > RandD > Expenditure on RandD > Gross domestic expenditure on RandD per million	0.0181% Ranked 26th.	0.0285% Ranked 23th. 57% more than Italy
Primary teacher age > Proportion aged 30-39	27% Ranked 11th. 35% more than United Kingdom	20% Ranked 22nd.
Spending per secondary school student > Per $ GDP	$0.00 per student per $1,000 Ranked 15th. 37% more than United Kingdom	$0.00 per student per $1,000 Ranked 17th.
Library members	591,598 Ranked 2nd. 9 times more than United Kingdom	66,000 Ranked 10th.
Library members per 1000	10.4 Ranked 2nd. 9 times more than United Kingdom	1.12 Ranked 32nd.
Library employees per million	10.46 Ranked 4th.	48.87 Ranked 17th. 5 times more than Italy
Progression to secondary level	100 Ranked 2nd. 4% more than United Kingdom	96 Ranked 13th.
Expected duration of education for males	15.6 years Ranked 22nd.	17.9 years Ranked 5th. 15% more than Italy
Female teachers > Lower secondary	72.8% Ranked 4th. 24% more than United Kingdom	58.8% Ranked 15th.
Proportion of 19 year olds in tertiary education	4% Ranked 25th.	33% Ranked 9th. 8 times more than Italy
Proportion of 16 year-olds in secondary education	83% Ranked 26th.	84% Ranked 25th. 1% more than Italy
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > First degree	56% Ranked 14th. 4% more than United Kingdom	54% Ranked 17th.
Repeaters, primary, male > % of male enrollment	0.4% Ranked 100th.	0.0 Ranked 126th.
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education	105.63% Ranked 34th.	106.95% Ranked 28th. 1% more than Italy
Unemployment with primary education > Male > % of male unemployment	55.4% Ranked 16th. 79% more than United Kingdom	30.9% Ranked 31st.
School enrollment > Preprimary > Male > % gross	103.44% gross Ranked 13th. 76% more than United Kingdom	58.86% gross Ranked 64th.
School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % net	91.74% net Ranked 12th.	93.42% net Ranked 8th. 2% more than Italy
Secondary education > Teachers > % female	66.34% female Ranked 22nd. 10% more than United Kingdom	60.18% female Ranked 41st.
Labor force with tertiary education, female > % of female labor force	22.8% Ranked 38th.	40.4% Ranked 9th. 77% more than Italy
Labor force with primary education > % of total	35.4% Ranked 9th. 99% more than United Kingdom	17.8% Ranked 31st.
Labor force with secondary education, male > % of male labor force	44.9% Ranked 29th. 2% more than United Kingdom	44.1% Ranked 30th.
Labor force with secondary education > % of total	46.7% Ranked 28th. 9% more than United Kingdom	42.9% Ranked 31st.
Unemployment with tertiary education > % of total unemployment	11.2% Ranked 69th.	14.3% Ranked 58th. 28% more than Italy
Primary education > Pupils > Per capita	0.048 per capita Ranked 156th.	0.078 per capita Ranked 124th. 63% more than Italy
Researchers in R&D > Per million people	1,748.06 Ranked 23th.	3,794.16 Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Italy
High school teachers > % female	67.39% Ranked 24th. 9% more than United Kingdom	61.72% Ranked 42nd.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % gross	99.88% Ranked 27th. 1% more than United Kingdom	98.99% Ranked 26th.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % gross	100.35% Ranked 25th. 3% more than United Kingdom	97.85% Ranked 29th.
Primary teacher age > Proportion under 30 per million	0.0878% Ranked 22nd.	0.358% Ranked 17th. 4 times more than Italy
School enrollment > Primary > % gross	101.37% gross Ranked 92nd.	106.54% gross Ranked 56th. 5% more than Italy
School enrollment, primary, male > % net	97.76% Ranked 18th.	99.69% Ranked 2nd. 2% more than Italy
School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross	98.45% gross Ranked 33th.	106.08% gross Ranked 14th. 8% more than Italy
Elementary school > Enrolled students > % female	48.32% Ranked 94th.	48.73% Ranked 57th. 1% more than Italy
Elementary school teachers > % female	95.25% Ranked 11th. 17% more than United Kingdom	81.44% Ranked 49th.
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > % net	92.42% Ranked 10th.	93.23% Ranked 9th. 1% more than Italy
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % gross	99.37% Ranked 26th.	100.19% Ranked 25th. 1% more than Italy
Participation > Secondary education > General pupils > % female	53.6% Ranked 9th. 9% more than United Kingdom	49.31% Ranked 85th.
Participation > Secondary education > Pupils > % female	48.34% Ranked 96th.	49.19% Ranked 52nd. 2% more than Italy
Services, etc., value added > Constant 2000 US$, % of GDP	57.22% Ranked 19th.	68.87% Ranked 17th. 20% more than Italy
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Female > % net	93.2% Ranked 10th.	94.72% Ranked 11th. 2% more than Italy
School enrollment > Primary > Male > % net	99.01% net Ranked 11th. About the same as United Kingdom	98.69% net Ranked 18th.
Literacy and Attainment > Educational attainment: completed tertiary > Tertiary > Population 25+ years > % > Over 24 year olds	12.75% Ranked 37th.	33.06% Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than Italy
Primary education, teachers > % female	95.25% Ranked 11th. 10% more than United Kingdom	86.98% Ranked 28th.
Tertiary education, teachers > % female	36.22% Ranked 69th.	43.51% Ranked 40th. 20% more than Italy
Unemployment with secondary education, male > % of male unemployment	37.3% Ranked 58th.	45.6% Ranked 44th. 22% more than Italy
Public spending on education, total > % of GDP	4.5% Ranked 66th.	6.3% Ranked 25th. 40% more than Italy
Labor force with secondary education, female > % of female labor force	49.1% Ranked 22nd. 18% more than United Kingdom	41.5% Ranked 30th.
Unemployment with secondary education, female > % of female unemployment	43.1% Ranked 51st.	47.8% Ranked 37th. 11% more than Italy
Education spending > % of GDP	4.7% Ranked 64th.	5.3% Ranked 47th. 13% more than Italy
School enrollment > Secondary > % gross	99.05% gross Ranked 27th.	104.53% gross Ranked 16th. 6% more than Italy
Ratio of female to male enrollments in tertiary education	133.69 Ranked 38th.	137.34 Ranked 33th. 3% more than Italy
Share of university qualifications awarded to females > Second degree	56% Ranked 8th. 4% more than United Kingdom	54% Ranked 11th.
Secondary education > Pupils > % female	48.49% female Ranked 81st.	49.37% female Ranked 51st. 2% more than Italy
Proportion of 17 year olds in tertiary education	0.0 Ranked 26th.	2% Ranked 10th.
School enrollment > Primary > % net	98.84% net Ranked 9th. About the same as United Kingdom	98.69% net Ranked 12th.
Government spending on education > % of GDP	4.5% Ranked 64th.	6.3% Ranked 25th. 40% more than Italy
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Private > % of total secondary	5.01% Ranked 83th.	25.95% Ranked 28th. 5 times more than Italy
School enrollment > Tertiary > Male > % gross	54.15% gross Ranked 20th. 7% more than United Kingdom	50.8% gross Ranked 24th.
Participation > School enrollment > Tertiary > % gross	67.11% Ranked 20th. 17% more than United Kingdom	57.42% Ranked 26th.
Participation > School enrollment > Tertiary > Female > % gross	78.8% Ranked 21st. 17% more than United Kingdom	67.27% Ranked 22nd.
Participation > Total enrollment > Primary > % net	99.3% Ranked 12th.	99.84% Ranked 3rd. 1% more than Italy
Participation > School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % net	91.68% Ranked 10th.	91.82% Ranked 11th. About the same as Italy
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Female	17 years Ranked 15th. The same as United Kingdom	17 years Ranked 14th.
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education > %	98.77% Ranked 70th.	100.45% Ranked 44th. 2% more than Italy
School enrollment, preprimary, female > % gross	97.27% Ranked 27th. 13% more than United Kingdom	85.76% Ranked 43th.
School enrollment, preprimary, male > % gross	99.38% Ranked 21st. 17% more than United Kingdom	85.2% Ranked 44th.
Expenditure per student > Tertiary > % of GDP per capita	24.09% Ranked 50th.	28.06% Ranked 44th. 16% more than Italy
School enrollment > Secondary > Male > % gross	99.63% gross Ranked 25th.	103.05% gross Ranked 19th. 3% more than Italy
Secondary education, pupils > % female	48.15% Ranked 86th.	49% Ranked 55th. 2% more than Italy
Expenditure per student > Primary > % of GDP per capita	25.91% Ranked 7th. 41% more than United Kingdom	18.44% Ranked 36th.
Expenditure per student, primary > % of GDP per capita	24.09% Ranked 16th.	26.48% Ranked 10th. 10% more than Italy
Labor force with primary education, female > % of female labor force	28.1% Ranked 8th. 64% more than United Kingdom	17.1% Ranked 27th.
Labor force with tertiary education > % of total	17.9% Ranked 42nd.	38.1% Ranked 6th. 2 times more than Italy
Services, etc., value added > Current US$ per capita	$22,032.92 Ranked 18th.	$25,581.39 Ranked 17th. 16% more than Italy
Services, etc., value added > Current US$, % of GDP	65.26% Ranked 27th.	70.6% Ranked 14th. 8% more than Italy
Secondary education, vocational pupils per 1000	28.08 Ranked 13th. 4 times more than United Kingdom	7.19 Ranked 65th.
Secondary education, teachers, female per 1000	5.12 Ranked 27th. 34% more than United Kingdom	3.81 Ranked 49th.

SOURCES: UNESCO; UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeschooling_international_status_and_statistics; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Development Indicators database; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's Statistical Yearbook, and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics online database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute of Statistics; Wikipedia: List of countries by student performance (Reading); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; Source: UNESCO UIS Data | UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; OECD Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators 2003; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; OECD; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2001); UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; The Times, 2005; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009; OECD Country statistical profiles 2009. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank national accounts data; The Times, 2005. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; "WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012". World Organization of the Scout Movement. August 2013.; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members (Table of World Organization of the Scout Movement members) ("WOSM MEMBERSHIP as at 31st December 2012" . World Organization of the Scout Movement . Retrieved 2014-03-03 .). Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.; UNESCO Institute of Statistics. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank national accounts data. GDP figures sourced from World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=UNESCO&f=series%3aEA_56_Ag25t99, Educational attainment: completed tertiary; United Nations Human Development Programme

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