People Stats: compare key data on Romania & Turkey

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Definitions

Age distribution > Median age: The median age of the country's residents. This is the age most people are in the country.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-14: Percentage of total population aged 0-14.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-14 > Total: Number of people aged 0-14.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 15-24.
Age distribution > Total dependency ratio: Percentage of dependant persons out of total population aged 15-64. A dependant person is a person aged 0-14 and those over 65 years old.
Birth rate: The average annual number of births during a year per 1,000 persons in the population at midyear; also known as crude birth rate. The birth rate is usually the dominant factor in determining the rate of population growth. It depends on both the level of fertility and the age structure of the population.
Death rate: The average annual number of deaths during a year per 1,000 population at midyear; also known as crude death rate. The death rate, while only a rough indicator of the mortality situation in a country, accurately indicates the current mortality impact on population growth. This indicator is significantly affected by age distribution, and most countries will eventually show a rise in the overall death rate, in spite of continued decline in mortality at all ages, as declining fertility results in an aging population.
Ethnic groups: This entry provides a rank ordering of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population.
Gender > Female population: Total female population.
Marriage, divorce and children > Total divorces per thousand people: Total number of divorces in given year by country. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Mother's mean age at first birth: This entry provides the mean (average) age of mothers at the birth of their first child. It is a useful indicator for gauging the success of family planning programs aiming to reduce maternal mortality, increase contraceptive use – particularly among married and unmarried adolescents, delay age at first marriage, and improve the health of newborns.
Population: Population, total refers to the total population.
Population > Population growth, past and future: Population growth rate (percentage).
Population growth: Percentage by which country's population either has increased or is estimated to increase. Countries with a decrease in population are signified by a negative percentage. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Population growth rate: The average annual percent change in the population, resulting from a surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths and the balance of migrants entering and leaving a country. The rate may be positive or negative. The growth rate is a factor in determining how great a burden would be imposed on a country by the changing needs of its people for infrastructure (e.g., schools, hospitals, housing, roads), resources (e.g., food, water, electricity), and jobs. Rapid population growth can be seen as threatening by neighboring countries.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Total: Number of people aged 15-24.
Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 60 and older.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-64 > Total: Number of people aged 15-64.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Total: Number of people aged 0-4.
Obesity > Adult obesity rate: This entry gives the percent of a country's population considered to be obese. Obesity is defined as an adult having a Body Mass Index (BMI) greater to or equal to 30.0. BMI is calculated by taking a person's weight in kg and dividing it by the person's squared height in meters.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-59: Percentage of total pouplation aged 15-59.
Population in 2015: (Thousands) Medium-variant projections.
Death rate, crude > Per 1,000 people: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people). Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.
Total fertility rate: The average number of children that would be born per woman if all women lived to the end of their child-bearing years and bore children according to a given fertility rate at each age. The total fertility rate is a more direct measure of the level of fertility than the crude birth rate, since it refers to births per woman. This indicator shows the potential for population growth in the country. High rates will also place some limits on the labor force participation rates for women. Large numbers of children born to women indicate large family sizes that might limit the ability of the families to feed and educate their children.
Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 65 and older.
Age dependency ratio > Dependents to working-age population: Age dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents--people younger than 15 or older than 64--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. For example, 0.7 means there are 7 dependents for every 10 working-age people.
Age structure > 0-14 years: The distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Gender > Male population: Total male population.
Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Total: Number of people aged 60 and older.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-64: Percentage of total population aged 15-64.
Age structure > 65 years and over: The distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest."
Nationality > Noun: The noun which identifies citizens of the nation
Age distribution > Elderly dependency ratio: Percentage of dependant adults out of total population aged 15-64. A dependant adult is an adult aged 65 and older.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 0-4.
Physicians density: This entry gives the number of medical doctors (physicians), including generalist and specialist medical practitioners, per 1,000 of the population. Medical doctors are defined as doctors that study, diagnose, treat, and prevent illness, disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in humans through the application of modern medicine. They also plan, supervise, and evaluate care and treatment plans by other health care providers. The World Health Organization estimates that fewer than 2.3 health workers (physicians, nurses, and midwives only) per 1,000 would be insufficient to achieve coverage of primary healthcare needs.
Marriage, divorce and children > Total divorces: Total number of divorces in given year by country.
Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Total: Number of people 65 years old and older.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-59 > Total: Number of people aged 15-59.
Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Total: Number of people aged 80 years and older.
Cities > Urban population: Total population living in urban areas. The defition of an urban area differs for each country. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Nationality > Adjective: This entry is derived from People > Nationality, which provides the identifying terms for citizens - noun and adjective.
Sex ratio > Total population: The number of males for each female one of five age groups - at birth, under 15 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over, and for the total population. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons. This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners.
Age distribution > Population aged 5-14 > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 5-14.
Sex ratio > At birth: The number of males for each female one of five age groups - at birth, under 15 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over, and for the total population. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons. This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners.
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriages: Marriages by urban/rural residence.
Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Percent: Percentage of total population aged 80 and older.
Child labor > Children ages 5-14 > Percentage: This entry is derived from People > Child labor > Children ages 5-14, which gives the percent of children aged 5-14 (or the age range specified) engaged in child labor. We define “child labor” as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential, and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development. It refers to work that is mentally, physically, socially, or morally dangerous and harmful to children. Such labor may deprive them of the opportunity to attend school, oblige them to leave school prematurely, or require them to combine school attendance with excessively long and heavy work. In its most extreme forms, child labor involves children being enslaved, separated from their families, exposed to serious hazards and illnesses, and/or left to fend for themselves on the streets of large cities – often a very early age.
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriages per thousand people: Marriages by urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Gender > Sex ratio at birth: Number of males born for every female born. Countries with a number less than one have more females born than males.
Age distribution > Population aged 5-14 > Total: Number of people aged 5-14.
Migration > Net migration rate: The difference between the number of persons entering and leaving a country during the year per 1,000 persons (based on midyear population). An excess of persons entering the country is referred to as net immigration (e.g., 3.56 migrants/1,000 population); an excess of persons leaving the country as net emigration (e.g., -9.26 migrants/1,000 population). The net migration rate indicates the contribution of migration to the overall level of population change. High levels of migration can cause problems such as increasing unemployment and potential ethnic strife (if people are coming in) or a reduction in the labor force, perhaps in certain key sectors (if people are leaving).
Child labor > Children ages 5-14: This entry provides the mean (average) age of mothers at the birth of their first child. It is a useful indicator for gauging the success of family planning programs aiming to reduce maternal mortality, increase contraceptive use – particularly among married and unmarried adolescents, delay age at first marriage, and improve the health of newborns.
Future population change: Total change in population by country. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Urban population: Urban population is the midyear population of areas defined as urban in each country and reported to the United Nations.
Migration > Net migration > Per capita: Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates. To derive estimates of net migration, the United Nations Population Division takes into account the past migration history of a country or area, the migration policy of a country, and the influx of refugees in recent periods. The data to calculate these official estimates come from a variety of sources, including border statistics, administrative records, surveys, and censuses. When no official estimates can be made because of insufficient data, net migration is derived through the balance equation, which is the difference between overall population growth and the natural increase during the 1990-2000 intercensal period." Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
Median age > Total: This entry is derived from People > Median age, which is the age that divides a population into two numerically equal groups; that is, half the people are younger than this age and half are older. It is a single index that summarizes the age distribution of a population. Currently, the median age ranges from a low of about 15 in Uganda and Gaza Strip to 40 or more in several European countries and Japan. See the entry for "Age structure" for the importance of a young versus an older age structure and, by implication, a low versus a higher median age.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population: This entry is derived from People > Life expectancy at birth, which contains the average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Urban and rural > Urban population: Total population living in urban areas by country.
Projected population growth: Percentage change in projected population between 2000 and 2050
Units: Percent Change in Population
Units: A threshold of 0 was applied. All countries with growth rates of 0 or below received the same score.
Marriage > Years being single before marriage > Women: Average age of women at their first marriage.
Age structure > 15-64 years: The distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Literacy > Total population: This entry is derived from People > Literacy, which includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of the Factbook. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons. Low levels of literacy, and education in general, can impede the economic development of a country in the current rapidly changing, technology-driven world.
Additional details:
- Gibraltar: above 80% (2013)
Dependency ratios > Youth dependency ratio: This entry is derived from People > Dependency ratios, which dependency ratios are a measure of the age structure of a population. They relate the number of individuals that are likely to be economically "dependent" on the support of others. Dependency ratios contrast the ratio of youths (ages 0-14) and the elderly (ages 65+) to the number of those in the working-age group (ages 15-64). Changes in the dependency ratio provide an indication of potential social support requirements resulting from changes in population age structures. As fertility levels decline, the dependency ratio initially falls because the proportion of youths decreases while the proportion of the population of working age increases. As fertility levels continue to decline, dependency ratios eventually increase because the proportion of the population of working age starts to decline and the proportion of elderly persons continues to increase.
total dependency ratio - The total dependency ratio is the ratio of combined youth population (ages 0-14) and elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high total dependency ratio indicates that the working-age population and the overall economy face a greater burden to support and provide social services for youth and elderly persons, who are often economically dependent.
youth dependency ratio - The youth dependency ratio is the ratio of the youth population (ages 0-14) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high youth dependency ratio indicates that a greater investment needs to be made in schooling and other services for children.
elderly dependency ratio - The elderly dependency ratio is the ratio of the elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). Increases in the elderly dependency ratio put added pressure on governments to fund pensions and healthcare.
potential support ratio - The potential support ratio is the number of working-age people (ages 15-64) per one elderly person (ages 65+). As a population ages, the potential support ratio tends to fall, meaning there are fewer potential workers to support the elderly.
Age distribution > Child dependency ratio: Percentage of dependant children out of total population aged 15 and older. A dependant child is a child aged 0-14.
Gender > Women aged 15-49: Country's total population of women aged 15-49. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Percentage living in urban areas: Percentage of people living in urban areas. Data for 2003. Urban-rural classification of population in internationally published statistics follows the national census definition, which differs from one country or area to another. National definitions are usually based on criteria that may include any of the following: size of population in a locality, population density, distance between built-up areas, predominant type of economic activity, legal or administrative boundaries and urban characteristics such as specific services and facilities.
Migration > Net migration: Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates. To derive estimates of net migration, the United Nations Population Division takes into account the past migration history of a country or area, the migration policy of a country, and the influx of refugees in recent periods. The data to calculate these official estimates come from a variety of sources, including border statistics, administrative records, surveys, and censuses. When no official estimates can be made because of insufficient data, net migration is derived through the balance equation, which is the difference between overall population growth and the natural increase during the 1990-2000 intercensal period."
Population > CIA Factbook: This entry gives an estimate from the US Bureau of the Census based on statistics from population censuses, vital statistics registration systems, or sample surveys pertaining to the recent past and on assumptions about future trends. The total population presents one overall measure of the potential impact of the country on the world and within its region. Note: starting with the 1993 Factbook, demographic estimates for some countries (mostly African) have explicitly taken into account the effects of the growing impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. These countries are currently: The Bahamas, Benin, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Teenage pregancy rate: Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19."
Gender empowerment: Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM). The GEM measures the participation of women and men in political decision-making. This index also has four indicators: female members of the Legislature, female participation in selected positions in public and private sector, female participation in academic and technical work, and estimated income. Both indexes are based on data collected by the UN and are processed to enable comparison.
Population density: Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes."
Sex ratio > Under 15 years: The number of males for each female one of five age groups - at birth, under 15 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over, and for the total population. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons. This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners.
Percentage living in rural areas.: Percentage of people living in rural areas. Data for 2003. Urban-rural classification of population in internationally published statistics follows the national census definition, which differs from one country or area to another. National definitions are usually based on criteria that may include any of the following: size of population in a locality, population density, distance between built-up areas, predominant type of economic activity, legal or administrative boundaries and urban characteristics such as specific services and facilities.
Infant mortality rate > Total: This entry is derived from People > Infant mortality rate, which gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Age structure > 25-54 years: This entry is derived from People > Age structure, which provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group as follows: 0-14 years (children), 15-24 years (early working age), 25-54 years (prime working age), 55-64 years (mature working age), 65 years and over (elderly). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Urban and rural > Rural population: Total population living in rural areas by country.
Gender > Global Gender Gap Index: The Gender Gap Index considers gender inequality in the dimensions of economic participation (equality of salaries, labor market participation and access to high-skilled employment); access to education; political participation; and health (life expectancy and sex ratio). The highest score of 1 means total equality, 0 means complete inequality. The Index is calculated by the World Economic Forum.
Age structure > 15-24 years: This entry is derived from People > Age structure, which provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group as follows: 0-14 years (children), 15-24 years (early working age), 25-54 years (prime working age), 55-64 years (mature working age), 65 years and over (elderly). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Gender > Gender inequality index: Gender Inequality Index.
Urban and rural > Urban population per thousand people: Total population living in urban areas by country. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Rural population: Rural population is calculated as the difference between the total population and the urban population.
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of origin: Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organisation of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of origin generally refers to the nationality or country of citizenship of a claimant."
Migration > Foreign worker salaries: Workers' remittances and compensation of employees comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries earned by nonresident workers. Remittances are classified as current private transfers from migrant workers resident in the host country for more than a year, irrespective of their immigration status, to recipients in their country of origin. Migrants' transfers are defined as the net worth of migrants who are expected to remain in the host country for more than one year that is transferred from one country to another at the time of migration. Compensation of employees is the income of migrants who have lived in the host country for less than a year. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Fertility > Fertility rate, total > Births per woman: Fertility rate, total (births per woman). Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates.
Age structure > 55-64 years: This entry is derived from People > Age structure, which provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group as follows: 0-14 years (children), 15-24 years (early working age), 25-54 years (prime working age), 55-64 years (mature working age), 65 years and over (elderly). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Marriage > Minimum legal age > Without parental consent > For Women: Minimum legal age at which women can be married without parental consent.
Gender > Female population per thousand people: Total female population. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Future population > Males: UN estimates of male population in 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Total: This entry is derived from People > School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary , which school life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
Fertility > Birth rate, crude > Per 1,000 people: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people). Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.
Sex ratio > 15-64 years: The number of males for each female one of five age groups - at birth, under 15 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over, and for the total population. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons. This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners.
Child labor > Children ages 5-14 per million people: This entry provides the mean (average) age of mothers at the birth of their first child. It is a useful indicator for gauging the success of family planning programs aiming to reduce maternal mortality, increase contraceptive use – particularly among married and unmarried adolescents, delay age at first marriage, and improve the health of newborns. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Dependency ratios > Total dependency ratio: This entry is derived from People > Dependency ratios, which dependency ratios are a measure of the age structure of a population. They relate the number of individuals that are likely to be economically "dependent" on the support of others. Dependency ratios contrast the ratio of youths (ages 0-14) and the elderly (ages 65+) to the number of those in the working-age group (ages 15-64). Changes in the dependency ratio provide an indication of potential social support requirements resulting from changes in population age structures. As fertility levels decline, the dependency ratio initially falls because the proportion of youths decreases while the proportion of the population of working age increases. As fertility levels continue to decline, dependency ratios eventually increase because the proportion of the population of working age starts to decline and the proportion of elderly persons continues to increase.
total dependency ratio - The total dependency ratio is the ratio of combined youth population (ages 0-14) and elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high total dependency ratio indicates that the working-age population and the overall economy face a greater burden to support and provide social services for youth and elderly persons, who are often economically dependent.
youth dependency ratio - The youth dependency ratio is the ratio of the youth population (ages 0-14) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high youth dependency ratio indicates that a greater investment needs to be made in schooling and other services for children.
elderly dependency ratio - The elderly dependency ratio is the ratio of the elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). Increases in the elderly dependency ratio put added pressure on governments to fund pensions and healthcare.
potential support ratio - The potential support ratio is the number of working-age people (ages 15-64) per one elderly person (ages 65+). As a population ages, the potential support ratio tends to fall, meaning there are fewer potential workers to support the elderly.
Population density > People per sq. km of land area: Population density (people per sq. km of land area). Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-64 > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 15-64. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Drinking water source > Improved > Total: This entry is derived from People > Drinking water source > Improved, which provides information about access to improved or unimproved drinking water sources available to segments of the population of a country.improved drinking water - use of any of the following sources: piped water into dwelling, yard, or plot; public tap or standpipe; tubewell or borehole; protected dug well; protected spring; or rainwater collection. unimproved drinking water - use of any of the following sources: unprotected dug well; unprotected spring; cart with small tank or drum; tanker truck; surface water, which includes rivers, dams, lakes, ponds, streams, canals or irrigation channels; or bottled water.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 15-24. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Child labor > Children ages 5-14 > Total number: This entry is derived from People > Child labor > Children ages 5-14, which gives the percent of children aged 5-14 (or the age range specified) engaged in child labor. We define “child labor” as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential, and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development. It refers to work that is mentally, physically, socially, or morally dangerous and harmful to children. Such labor may deprive them of the opportunity to attend school, oblige them to leave school prematurely, or require them to combine school attendance with excessively long and heavy work. In its most extreme forms, child labor involves children being enslaved, separated from their families, exposed to serious hazards and illnesses, and/or left to fend for themselves on the streets of large cities – often a very early age.
Marriage > Percent married > All > Female > Aged 15-19: Percent of people aged 15-19 years who are or have been married or in a marriage-like union recognized by the law or customs of their country.
Life expectancy at birth > Female: This entry is derived from People > Life expectancy at birth, which contains the average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Hospital bed density: This entry provides the number of hospital beds per 1,000 people; it serves as a general measure of inpatient service availability. Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases, beds for both acute and chronic care are included. Because the level of inpatient services required for individual countries depends on several factors - such as demographic issues and the burden of disease - there is no global target for the number of hospital beds per country. So, while 2 beds per 1,000 in one country may be sufficient, 2 beds per 1,000 in another may be woefully inadequate because of the number of people hospitalized by disease.
Marriage, divorce and children > Contraception use among married women > Any method: Current contraceptive use among married women 15-49 years old, any method, percentage.
Contraceptive prevalence rate: This field gives the percent of women of reproductive age (15-49) who are married or in union and are using, or whose sexual partner is using, a method of contraception according to the date of the most recent available data. The contraceptive prevalence rate is an indicator of health services, development, and women’s empowerment. It is also useful in understanding, past, present, and future fertility trends, especially in developing countries.
Dependency ratios > Potential support ratio: This entry is derived from People > Dependency ratios, which dependency ratios are a measure of the age structure of a population. They relate the number of individuals that are likely to be economically "dependent" on the support of others. Dependency ratios contrast the ratio of youths (ages 0-14) and the elderly (ages 65+) to the number of those in the working-age group (ages 15-64). Changes in the dependency ratio provide an indication of potential social support requirements resulting from changes in population age structures. As fertility levels decline, the dependency ratio initially falls because the proportion of youths decreases while the proportion of the population of working age increases. As fertility levels continue to decline, dependency ratios eventually increase because the proportion of the population of working age starts to decline and the proportion of elderly persons continues to increase.
total dependency ratio - The total dependency ratio is the ratio of combined youth population (ages 0-14) and elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high total dependency ratio indicates that the working-age population and the overall economy face a greater burden to support and provide social services for youth and elderly persons, who are often economically dependent.
youth dependency ratio - The youth dependency ratio is the ratio of the youth population (ages 0-14) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high youth dependency ratio indicates that a greater investment needs to be made in schooling and other services for children.
elderly dependency ratio - The elderly dependency ratio is the ratio of the elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). Increases in the elderly dependency ratio put added pressure on governments to fund pensions and healthcare.
potential support ratio - The potential support ratio is the number of working-age people (ages 15-64) per one elderly person (ages 65+). As a population ages, the potential support ratio tends to fall, meaning there are fewer potential workers to support the elderly.
Births > Teen motherhood rate: Proportion of women aged 15-19 who have given birth.
Urban and rural > Rural population per thousand people: Total population living in rural areas by country. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriageable age > Females: Female consent.
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Urbanization: Estimates and projections of urban and rural populations are made by the Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat and published every two years. These estimates and projections are based on national census or survey data that have been evaluated and, whenever necessary, adjusted for deficiencies and inconsistencies. Urban-rural classification of population in internationally published statistics follows the national census definition, which differs from one country or area to another. National definitions are usually based on criteria that may include any of the following: size of population in a locality, population density, distance between built-up areas, predominant type of economic activity, legal or administrative boundaries and urban characteristics such as specific services and facilities.
Dependency ratios > Elderly dependency ratio: This entry is derived from People > Dependency ratios, which dependency ratios are a measure of the age structure of a population. They relate the number of individuals that are likely to be economically "dependent" on the support of others. Dependency ratios contrast the ratio of youths (ages 0-14) and the elderly (ages 65+) to the number of those in the working-age group (ages 15-64). Changes in the dependency ratio provide an indication of potential social support requirements resulting from changes in population age structures. As fertility levels decline, the dependency ratio initially falls because the proportion of youths decreases while the proportion of the population of working age increases. As fertility levels continue to decline, dependency ratios eventually increase because the proportion of the population of working age starts to decline and the proportion of elderly persons continues to increase.
total dependency ratio - The total dependency ratio is the ratio of combined youth population (ages 0-14) and elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high total dependency ratio indicates that the working-age population and the overall economy face a greater burden to support and provide social services for youth and elderly persons, who are often economically dependent.
youth dependency ratio - The youth dependency ratio is the ratio of the youth population (ages 0-14) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). A high youth dependency ratio indicates that a greater investment needs to be made in schooling and other services for children.
elderly dependency ratio - The elderly dependency ratio is the ratio of the elderly population (ages 65+) per 100 people of working age (ages 15-64). Increases in the elderly dependency ratio put added pressure on governments to fund pensions and healthcare.
potential support ratio - The potential support ratio is the number of working-age people (ages 15-64) per one elderly person (ages 65+). As a population ages, the potential support ratio tends to fall, meaning there are fewer potential workers to support the elderly.
Sex ratio > 65 years and over: The number of males for each female one of five age groups - at birth, under 15 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over, and for the total population. Sex ratio at birth has recently emerged as an indicator of certain kinds of sex discrimination in some countries. For instance, high sex ratios at birth in some Asian countries are now attributed to sex-selective abortion and infanticide due to a strong preference for sons. This will affect future marriage patterns and fertility patterns. Eventually it could cause unrest among young adult males who are unable to find partners.
Fertility > Mortality rate, infant > Per 1,000 live births: Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births). Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year.
Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 60 and older. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of asylum: Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organisation of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of asylum is the country where an asylum claim was filed and granted."
Marriage, divorce and children > Women denied family planning: Percentage of sexually active women who are able to but do not want to reproduce without access to family planning services.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-14 > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 0-14. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Population in largest city: Population in largest city is the urban population living in the countryÂ’s largest metropolitan area.
Population, total: Population, total. Population, total refers to the total population.
Gender ratio > Whole population: Female/male ratio of population.
Literacy > Female: This entry is derived from People > Literacy, which includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of the Factbook. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons. Low levels of literacy, and education in general, can impede the economic development of a country in the current rapidly changing, technology-driven world.
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of asylum > Per capita: Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organisation of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of asylum is the country where an asylum claim was filed and granted." Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Life expectancy at birth > Male: This entry is derived from People > Life expectancy at birth, which contains the average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Child labor > Children ages 5-14 > Total number per thousand people: This entry is derived from People > Child labor > Children ages 5-14, which gives the percent of children aged 5-14 (or the age range specified) engaged in child labor. We define “child labor” as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential, and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development. It refers to work that is mentally, physically, socially, or morally dangerous and harmful to children. Such labor may deprive them of the opportunity to attend school, oblige them to leave school prematurely, or require them to combine school attendance with excessively long and heavy work. In its most extreme forms, child labor involves children being enslaved, separated from their families, exposed to serious hazards and illnesses, and/or left to fend for themselves on the streets of large cities – often a very early age. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Net migration: Net migration. Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates.
Persons per room: The main data sources for housing statistics are national population and housing censuses. Internationally recommended concepts and definitions for collecting these statistics are published in the Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing
Marriage > Percent married > All > Male > Aged 15-19: Percent ever married or in union among persons aged 15-19.
Marriage, divorce and children > Urban divorces per thousand people: Total number of divorces by couples living in urban areas. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Marriage, divorce and children > Rural divorces per million people: Total number of divorces by couples living in rural areas. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Maternal mortality rate: The maternal mortality rate (MMR) is the annual number of female deaths per 100,000 live births from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management (excluding accidental or incidental causes). The MMR includes deaths during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, for a specified year.
Urban and rural > Female rural population: Total number of females living in rural areas by country.
Population > CIA Factbook per capita: This entry gives an estimate from the US Bureau of the Census based on statistics from population censuses, vital statistics registration systems, or sample surveys pertaining to the recent past and on assumptions about future trends. The total population presents one overall measure of the potential impact of the country on the world and within its region. Note: starting with the 1993 Factbook, demographic estimates for some countries (mostly African) have explicitly taken into account the effects of the growing impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. These countries are currently: The Bahamas, Benin, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Sanitation facility access > Unimproved > Rural: This entry is derived from People > Sanitation facility access > Unimproved, which provides information about access to improved or unimproved sanitation facilities available to segments of the population of a country. improved sanitation - use of any of the following facilities: flush or pour-flush to a piped sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine; ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine; pit latrine with slab; or a composting toilet. unimproved sanitation - use of any of the following facilities: flush or pour-flush not piped to a sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine; pit latrine without a slab or open pit; bucket; hanging toilet or hanging latrine; shared facilities of any type; no facilities; or bush or field.
Immigration > Cultural Diversity Index: The probability that two individuals selected at random from a country speak a very different language. A high score of close to 1 indicates that many unrelated languages are spoken. A score of close to 0 means that few languages are spoken, and / or that the spoken languages are similar to one another. For more information, please refer to Fearon (see citation).
Fertility > Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19: Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19). Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
Languages: This entry provides a rank ordering of languages starting with the largest and sometimes includes the percent of total population speaking that language.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 0-4. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-59 > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 15-59. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Rural population per 1000: Rural population is calculated as the difference between the total population and the urban population. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Future population > Females: UN estimates of female population in 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030.
Fertility > Number of maternal deaths: Number of maternal deaths. Maternal mortality deaths is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Total: School life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 > Total: This entry is derived from People > Unemployment, youth ages 15-24, which gives the percent of the total labor force ages 15-24 unemployed during a specified year.
Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Total per thousand people: Number of people aged 80 years and older. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Marriage, divorce and children > Teen marriage rate > Women: Percentage of female population aged 15-19 who has been married at least once. Percentage is out of total number of females in the same age group.
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 > Female: This entry is derived from People > Unemployment, youth ages 15-24, which gives the percent of the total labor force ages 15-24 unemployed during a specified year.
Gender > Male population per thousand people: Total male population. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Housing > Houses with kitchen: Occupied housing units by type of housing unit, availability of kitchen and urban/rural location.
Literacy > Definition: This entry is derived from People > Literacy, which includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of the Factbook. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons. Low levels of literacy, and education in general, can impede the economic development of a country in the current rapidly changing, technology-driven world.
Marriage, divorce and children > Childless women, aged 40-44: Proportion of women who have not given birth by age 40-44.
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: This entry gives the percent of children under five considered to be underweight. Underweight means weight-for-age is approximately 2 kg below for standard at age one, 3 kg below standard for ages two and three, and 4 kg below standard for ages four and five. This statistic is an indicator of the nutritional status of a community. Children who suffer from growth retardation as a result of poor diets and/or recurrent infections tend to have a greater risk of suffering illness and death.
Marriage, divorce and children > Years spent single before marriage > Females: Singulate mean age at marriage.
Number of infant deaths: Number of infant deaths. Number of infants dying before reaching one year of age.
Number of under-five deaths: Number of under-five deaths. Number of children dying before reaching age five.
GDP per capita > Current US$: GDP per capita (current US$). GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Cities > Urban population per thousand people: Total population living in urban areas. The defition of an urban area differs for each country. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Density and urbanisation > Urban population: Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanisation Prospects.
Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Total per thousand people: Number of people 65 years old and older. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Immigration > Refugees and asylum seekers > Natives per Refugee: Natives per Refugee.
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Infant mortality rate > Female: This entry is derived from People > Infant mortality rate, which gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Rights of the Child Convention > Signatories: Date of signing convention
Marriage > Percent married > Urban > Female > Aged 15-19: Percent ever married or in union among persons aged 15-19.
Age structure > 15-64 years > From total: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Housing > Occupants of houses with all facilities: Number of people who live in a household with all of the following eight characteristics: located in a permanent building; access to a street or to common space; was intended to be occupied by one household; piped water within dwelling; toilet within dwelling; fixed bath or shower within dwelling; kitchen or space for cooking within dwelling.
Cities > Urban areas over 1,000,000: Urban areas with a population of over a million people.
Gender ratio > Babies: Female/male ratio at birth.
Urban population per 1000: Urban population is the midyear population of areas defined as urban in each country and reported to the United Nations. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Marriage > Percent married > Rural > Female > Aged 15-19: Percent ever married or in union among persons aged 15-19.
Urban and rural > Male rural population: Total number of males living in rural areas by country.
Urban and rural > Female urban population: Total number of females living in urban areas by country.
Urban and rural > Male urban population: Total number of males living in urban areas by country.
Median age > Both sexes: Age of person who is older than half the population and younger than the other half of the population.
Age structure > 0-14 years > Males: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Age structure > 65 years and over > Males: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Housing > Owner occupier households: Number of households owned by one or several members of the household.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Total: School life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
Population in largest city > Per capita: Population in largest city is the urban population living in the countryÂ’s largest metropolitan area. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Infant mortality rate > Male: This entry is derived from People > Infant mortality rate, which gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Literacy > Male: This entry is derived from People > Literacy, which includes a definition of literacy and Census Bureau percentages for the total population, males, and females. There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise specified, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of the Factbook. Information on literacy, while not a perfect measure of educational results, is probably the most easily available and valid for international comparisons. Low levels of literacy, and education in general, can impede the economic development of a country in the current rapidly changing, technology-driven world.
Cities > Urban areas over 2,000,000: Urban Areas Over 2,000,000.
Drinking water source > Unimproved > Urban: This entry is derived from People > Drinking water source > Unimproved, which provides information about access to improved or unimproved drinking water sources available to segments of the population of a country.improved drinking water - use of any of the following sources: piped water into dwelling, yard, or plot; public tap or standpipe; tubewell or borehole; protected dug well; protected spring; or rainwater collection. unimproved drinking water - use of any of the following sources: unprotected dug well; unprotected spring; cart with small tank or drum; tanker truck; surface water, which includes rivers, dams, lakes, ponds, streams, canals or irrigation channels; or bottled water.
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 > Male: This entry is derived from People > Unemployment, youth ages 15-24, which gives the percent of the total labor force ages 15-24 unemployed during a specified year.
Sanitation facility access > Improved > Total: This entry is derived from People > Sanitation facility access > Improved, which provides information about access to improved or unimproved sanitation facilities available to segments of the population of a country. improved sanitation - use of any of the following facilities: flush or pour-flush to a piped sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine; ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine; pit latrine with slab; or a composting toilet. unimproved sanitation - use of any of the following facilities: flush or pour-flush not piped to a sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine; pit latrine without a slab or open pit; bucket; hanging toilet or hanging latrine; shared facilities of any type; no facilities; or bush or field.
Housing > Occupants of urban houses with all facilities: Number of people who live in an urban household with all of the following eight characteristics: located in a permanent building; access to a street or to common space; was intended to be occupied by one household; piped water within dwelling; toilet within dwelling; fixed bath or shower within dwelling; kitchen or space for cooking within dwelling.
Number of infant deaths per 1000: Number of infant deaths. Number of infants dying before reaching one year of age. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Total Population per capita: Total Population, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Gender ratio > Urban population: Female/male ratio of urban population.
Marriage > Percent married > Urban > Male > Aged 15-19: Percent ever married or in union among persons aged 15-19.
Age structure > 0-14 years > Males per 1000: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Age structure > 65 years and over > From total: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Charity > World Giving Index > Volunteered time: VT.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriageable age > Males: Male consent.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Immigration > Nationality compositions of Canada, share of immigrants: Portion of immigrants in Canada.
Gender ratio > Aged over 80 > Women per 100 men: Female/male ratio at age x.
Gender ratio > Aged over 60 > Women per 100 men: Female/male ratio at age x.
Religions: This entry is an ordered listing of religions by adherents starting with the largest group and sometimes includes the percent of total population. The core characteristics and beliefs of the world's major religions are described below.
Baha'i - Founded by Mirza Husayn-Ali (known as Baha'u'llah) in Iran in 1852, Baha'i faith emphasizes monotheism and believes in one eternal transcendent God. Its guiding focus is to encourage the unity of all peoples on the earth so that justice and peace may be achieved on earth. Baha'i revelation contends the prophets of major world religions reflect some truth or element of the divine, believes all were manifestations of God given to specific communities in specific times, and that Baha'u'llah is an additional prophet meant to call all humankind. Bahais are an open community, located worldwide, with the greatest concentration of believers in South Asia.
Buddhism - Religion or philosophy inspired by the 5th century B.C. teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (also known as Gautama Buddha "the enlightened one"). Buddhism focuses on the goal of spiritual enlightenment centered on an understanding of Gautama Buddha's Four Noble Truths on the nature of suffering, and on the Eightfold Path of spiritual and moral practice, to break the cycle of suffering of which we are a part. Buddhism ascribes to a karmic system of rebirth. Several schools and sects of Buddhism exist, differing often on the nature of the Buddha, the extent to which enlightenment can be achieved - for one or for all, and by whom - religious orders or laity.
Basic Groupings
   Theravada Buddhism: The oldest Buddhist school, Theravada is practiced mostly in Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Laos, Burma, and Thailand, with minority representation elsewhere in Asia and the West. Theravadans follow the Pali Canon of Buddha's teachings, and believe that one may escape the cycle of rebirth, worldly attachment, and suffering for oneself; this process may take one or several lifetimes.
   Mahayana Buddhism, including subsets Zen and Tibetan (Lamaistic) Buddhism: Forms of Mahayana Buddhism are common in East Asia and Tibet, and parts of the West. Mahayanas have additional scriptures beyond the Pali Canon and believe the Buddha is eternal and still teaching. Unlike Theravada Buddhism, Mahayana schools maintain the Buddha-nature is present in all beings and all will ultimately achieve enlightenment.
    Hoa Hao: a minority tradition of Buddhism practiced in Vietnam that stresses lay participation, primarily by peasant farmers; it eschews ...
Full definition
Drinking water source > Unimproved > Rural: This entry is derived from People > Drinking water source > Unimproved, which provides information about access to improved or unimproved drinking water sources available to segments of the population of a country.improved drinking water - use of any of the following sources: piped water into dwelling, yard, or plot; public tap or standpipe; tubewell or borehole; protected dug well; protected spring; or rainwater collection. unimproved drinking water - use of any of the following sources: unprotected dug well; unprotected spring; cart with small tank or drum; tanker truck; surface water, which includes rivers, dams, lakes, ponds, streams, canals or irrigation channels; or bottled water.
Urban population > Per capita: Urban population is the midyear population of areas defined as urban in each country and reported to the United Nations. Per capita figures expressed per 1 population.
Mortality rate, adult, male > Per 1,000 male adults: Mortality rate, adult, male (per 1,000 male adults). Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages.
Immigration > Ethnic Fractionalization Index: The probability that two individuals selected at random from a country will be from different ethnic groups, 0 meaning that each individual in this country is from the same ethnic group. For a discussion of what constitutes an ethnic group, please refer to Fearon (see citation).
Immigration > Visa overstay rate > Australia: Modified Non-Return Rate.
Population in urban agglomerations > More than 1 million: Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2000 had a population of more than one million people.
Marriage, divorce and children > Urban divorces: Total number of divorces by couples living in urban areas.
Marriage, divorce and children > Contraception use among married women > Condom: Current contraceptive use among married women 15-49 years old, condom, percentage.
Marriage, divorce and children > Contraception use among married women > Any method > Percentage: Percentage of all married women aged 15-49 who report using any type of contraceptive.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Male: School life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
Median age > Male: This entry is the age that divides a population into two numerically equal groups; that is, half the people are younger than this age and half are older. It is a single index that summarizes the age distribution of a population. Currently, the median age ranges from a low of about 15 in Uganda and Gaza Strip to 40 or more in several European countries and Japan. See the entry for "Age structure" for the importance of a young versus an older age structure and, by implication, a low versus a higher median age.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Female: This entry is derived from People > School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary , which school life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Female: School life expectancy (SLE) is the total number of years of schooling (primary to tertiary) that a child can expect to receive, assuming that the probability of his or her being enrolled in school at any particular future age is equal to the current enrollment ratio at that age.Caution must be maintained when utilizing this indicator in international comparisons. For example, a year or grade completed in one country is not necessarily the same in terms of educational content or quality as a year or grade completed in another country. SLE represents the expected number of years of schooling that will be completed, including years spent repeating one or more grades.
Density and urbanisation > Rural population: Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.
Urban and rural population > Rural gender ratio: Women per 100 men, rural population.
Marriage > Percent married > Rural > Male > Aged 15-19: Percent ever married or in union among persons aged 15-19.
Urban and rural population > Urban gender ratio: Women per 100 men amongst urban population.
Age structure > 65 years and over > Females: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Age structure > 65 years and over > Females per 1000: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Age structure > 0-14 years > From total: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Age structure > 15-64 years > Females per 1000: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Charity > World Giving Index > Donated money, percent: DM.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Housing > Number of rooms > Houses with 1 room: Occupied housing units by type of housing unit, number of rooms and urban/rural location.
Female population > Age 15-19: Female population - Age 15-19, as of April 26, 2005
Median age > Female: This entry is derived from People > Median age, which is the age that divides a population into two numerically equal groups; that is, half the people are younger than this age and half are older. It is a single index that summarizes the age distribution of a population. Currently, the median age ranges from a low of about 15 in Uganda and Gaza Strip to 40 or more in several European countries and Japan. See the entry for "Age structure" for the importance of a young versus an older age structure and, by implication, a low versus a higher median age.
Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita > Cubic meters: Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters). Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country. Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita are calculated using the World Bank's population estimates.
Cities > Rate of urbanization: Urbanization rate.
Sanitation facility access > Improved > Urban: This entry is derived from People > Sanitation facility access > Improved, which provides information about access to improved or unimproved sanitation facilities available to segments of the population of a country. improved sanitation - use of any of the following facilities: flush or pour-flush to a piped sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine; ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine; pit latrine with slab; or a composting toilet. unimproved sanitation - use of any of the following facilities: flush or pour-flush not piped to a sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine; pit latrine without a slab or open pit; bucket; hanging toilet or hanging latrine; shared facilities of any type; no facilities; or bush or field.
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of origin > Per capita: Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organisation of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of origin generally refers to the nationality or country of citizenship of a claimant." Per capita figures expressed per 1 million population.
Housing > Occupants of rural houses with all facilities per thousand people: Number of people who live in a rural household with all of the following eight characteristics: located in a permanent building; access to a street or to common space; was intended to be occupied by one household; piped water within dwelling; toilet within dwelling; fixed bath or shower within dwelling; kitchen or space for cooking within dwelling. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Gender > Women aged 15-49 per thousand people: Country's total population of women aged 15-49. Future estimates are from the UN Population Division. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Fertility > Mortality rate, under-5, male > Per 1,000 live births: Mortality rate, under-5, male (per 1,000 live births). Mortality rate, under-5, male (per 1,000)
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriageable age > Notes: Notes.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
Future population > Males per thousand people: UN estimates of male population in 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Immigration > Visas > Visa requirements for > British citizens: Visa requirement.
No date was available from the Wikipedia article, so we used the date of retrieval.
International migrant stock, total per 1000: International migrant stock, total. International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
International migrant stock, total: International migrant stock, total. International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.
Women > Maternal mortality ratio adjusted: People - Women - Maternal mortality ratio 2000 adjusted
Immigration > Destination countries of nationalities and ethnic groups > Jews > Enlarged Jewish population:
Jewish population by country. The enlarged Jewish community includes Jews, non-Jews with Jewish ancestry and non-Jewish members of Jewish households.
Fertility > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in: rate varies by country: Lifetime risk of maternal death (1 in: rate varies by country). Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death.
Immigration > Nationality compositions of > Norway: Country of origin of Norway’s population who was either foreign born or born in Norway to foreign residents (number of people by country of origin).
Fertility > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given: Maternity leave benefits.
Immigration > Ethnic Fractionalization Index per million people: The probability that two individuals selected at random from a country will be from different ethnic groups, 0 meaning that each individual in this country is from the same ethnic group. For a discussion of what constitutes an ethnic group, please refer to Fearon (see citation). Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Widows > Proportion of age group > All > Men > Aged 30 to 39: Percent widowed in age group.
Age structure > 0-14 years > Females: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Age structure > 65 years and over > Males per 1000: This entry provides the distribution of the population according to age. Information is included by sex and age group (0-14 years, 15-64 years, 65 years and over). The age structure of a population affects a nation's key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Charity > World Giving Index > Helped a stranger, percent: HS.
Immigration > Nationality compositions of > Canada: Country of birth of Canadian residents (number of residents).
Total Population > Female: Total Population - Female, as of April 26, 2005
Migration > International migrant stock > Total: International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data."
Women > Maternal mortality ratio > Reported: People - Women - Maternal mortality ratio 1985 - 2002 reported
Future population > Females per thousand people: UN estimates of female population in 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Gender > Gender ratio aged over 80: Amount of women per every 100 males that are over the age of 80 in each country. For instance, in North Korea, for every 100 males over 80, there are 411.8 females who are over 80.
Gender > Gender ratio aged over 65: Amount of women per every 100 males that are over the age of 65 in each country. For instance, in Russia, for every 100 males over 65, there are 210.6 females who are over 65.
Gender ratio > Aged over 60: Female/male ratio at age x.
Female population > Age 25-29: Female population - Age 25-29, as of April 26, 2005
Female population > Age 10-14 per 1000: Female population - Age 10-14, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Male population > Age 15-19 per 1000: Male population - Age 15-19, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Female population > Age 15-19 per 1000: Female population - Age 15-19, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Female population > Age 30-34 per 1000: Female population - Age 30-34, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Male population > Age 25-29: Male population - Age 25-29, as of April 26, 2005
Total population > Age 15-19 per 1000: Total population - Age 15-19, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Total population > Age 10-14 per 1000: Total population - Age 10-14, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Structure > Population > Total: Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. The values shown are midyear estimates."
Drinking water source > Unimproved > Total: This entry is derived from People > Drinking water source > Unimproved, which provides information about access to improved or unimproved drinking water sources available to segments of the population of a country.improved drinking water - use of any of the following sources: piped water into dwelling, yard, or plot; public tap or standpipe; tubewell or borehole; protected dug well; protected spring; or rainwater collection. unimproved drinking water - use of any of the following sources: unprotected dug well; unprotected spring; cart with small tank or drum; tanker truck; surface water, which includes rivers, dams, lakes, ponds, streams, canals or irrigation channels; or bottled water.
Male population > Age 35-39 per 1000: Male population - Age 35-39, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Sanitation facility access > Unimproved > Total: This entry is derived from People > Sanitation facility access > Unimproved, which provides information about access to improved or unimproved sanitation facilities available to segments of the population of a country. improved sanitation - use of any of the following facilities: flush or pour-flush to a piped sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine; ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine; pit latrine with slab; or a composting toilet. unimproved sanitation - use of any of the following facilities: flush or pour-flush not piped to a sewer system, septic tank or pit latrine; pit latrine without a slab or open pit; bucket; hanging toilet or hanging latrine; shared facilities of any type; no facilities; or bush or field.
Female population > Age 80-84 per 1000: Female population - Age 80-84, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Fertility > Mortality rate, neonatal > Per 1,000 live births: Mortality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births). Neonatal mortality rate is the number of neonates dying before reaching 28 days of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year.
Improved water source, rural > % of rural population with access: Improved water source, rural (% of rural population with access). Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population using an improved drinking water source. The improved drinking water source includes piped water on premises (piped household water connection located inside the useru2019s dwelling, plot or yard), and other improved drinking water sources (public taps or standpipes, tube wells or boreholes, protected dug wells, protected springs, and rainwater collection).
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Improved sanitation facilities (% of population with access). Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population using improved sanitation facilities. The improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush (to piped sewer system, septic tank, pit latrine), ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine, pit latrine with slab, and composting toilet.
Improved sanitation facilities, rural > % of rural population with access: Improved sanitation facilities, rural (% of rural population with access). Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population using improved sanitation facilities. The improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush (to piped sewer system, septic tank, pit latrine), ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine, pit latrine with slab, and composting toilet.
Improved sanitation facilities, urban > % of urban population with access: Improved sanitation facilities, urban (% of urban population with access). Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population using improved sanitation facilities. The improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush (to piped sewer system, septic tank, pit latrine), ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine, pit latrine with slab, and composting toilet.
Fertility > Low-birthweight babies > % of births: Low-birthweight babies (% of births). Low-birthweight babies are newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, with the measurement taken within the first hours of life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred.
Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age, female > % of children under 5: Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age, female (% of children under 5). Prevalence of child malnutrition is the percentage of children under age 5 whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.
Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age > % of children under 5: Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age (% of children under 5). Prevalence of child malnutrition is the percentage of children under age 5 whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.
Prevalence of overweight > % of children under 5: Prevalence of overweight (% of children under 5). Prevalence of overweight children is the percentage of children under age 5 whose weight for height is more than two standard deviations above the median for the international reference population of the corresponding age as established by the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.
Malnutrition prevalence, height for age, female > % of children under 5: Malnutrition prevalence, height for age, female (% of children under 5). Prevalence of child malnutrition is the percentage of children under age 5 whose height for age (stunting) is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. For children up to two years old height is measured by recumbent length. For older children height is measured by stature while standing. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.
Prevalence of wasting > % of children under 5: Prevalence of wasting (% of children under 5). Wasting prevalence is the proportion of children under five whose weight for height is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59.
Number of neonatal deaths per million: Number of neonatal deaths. Number of neonates dying before reaching 28 days of age. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Fertility > Number of maternal deaths per million: Number of maternal deaths. Maternal mortality deaths is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male > %: Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%). Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. The participation rates are harmonized to account for differences in national data collection and tabulation methodologies as well as for other country-specific factors such as military service requirements. The series includes both nationally reported and imputed data and only estimates that are national, meaning there are no geographic limitations in coverage.
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female > %: Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%). Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. The participation rates are harmonized to account for differences in national data collection and tabulation methodologies as well as for other country-specific factors such as military service requirements. The series includes both nationally reported and imputed data and only estimates that are national, meaning there are no geographic limitations in coverage.
Labor force participation rate, female > % of female population ages 15-64: Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15-64). Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15-64)
Labor force participation rate, total > % of total population ages 15-64: Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15-64). Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Population, total per 1000: Population, total. Population, total refers to the total population. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Emigration rate of tertiary educated > % of total tertiary educated population: Emigration rate of tertiary educated (% of total tertiary educated population). Emigration rate of tertiary educated shows the stock of emigrants ages 25 and older, residing in an OECD country other than that in which they were born, with at least one year of tertiary education as a percentage of the population age 25 and older with tertiary education.
Refugee population by country or territory of origin: Refugee population by country or territory of origin. Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of origin generally refers to the nationality or country of citizenship of a claimant.
Mortality rate, adult, female > Per 1,000 female adults: Mortality rate, adult, female (per 1,000 female adults). Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages.
Female population > Age 45-49 per 1000: Female population - Age 45-49, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Survival to age 65, female > % of cohort: Survival to age 65, female (% of cohort). Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates.
Survival to age 65, male > % of cohort: Survival to age 65, male (% of cohort). Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates.
Age dependency ratio > % of working-age population: Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population). Age dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents--people younger than 15 or older than 64--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population.
Urban population > % of total: Urban population (% of total). Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects.
Female population > Age 10-14 > % of the total: Female population - Age 10-14 - % of the total, as of April 26, 2005
Female population > Age 35-39 per 1000: Female population - Age 35-39, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Rural population > Per capita: Rural population is calculated as the difference between the total population and the urban population. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Gender > Gender ratio aged over 60: Amount of women per every 100 males that are over the age of 60 in each country. For instance, in Russia, for every 100 males over 60, there are 196 females who are over 60.
Density and urbanisation > Urban population > % of total: Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanisation Prospects.
Density and urbanisation > Urban population growth > Annual %: Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanisation Prospects.
Structure > Population ages 65 and above > % of total: Population ages 65 and above as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population.
Structure > Population > Female > % of total: Female population is the percentage of the population that is female. Population is based on the de facto definition of population.
Refugee population by country or territory of asylum per 1000: Refugee population by country or territory of asylum. Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of asylum is the country where an asylum claim was filed and granted. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Widows > Proportion of age group > Urban > Women > Aged 40 to 59: Percent of population that is widowed by age group, gender and urban / rural status.
Density and urbanisation > Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million > % of total population: Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the percentage of a country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2000 had a population of more than one million people.
Total population > Age 60-64 > % of the total: Total population - Age 60-64 - % of the total, as of April 26, 2005
Total Population > Female per 1000: Total Population - Female, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Male population > Age 60-64 per 1000: Male population - Age 60-64, as of April 26, 2005. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Women > Life expectancy females as a % of males: People - Women - Life expectancy: females as a % of males 2002

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STAT	Romania	Turkey
Age distribution > Median age	47.43 years Ranked 64th.	49.35 years Ranked 32nd. 4% more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 0-14	14.79% Ranked 137th. 4% more than Turkey	14.18% Ranked 166th.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-14 > Total	1.86 million Ranked 95th.	12.26 million Ranked 35th. 7 times more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Percent	10.5% Ranked 126th. 6% more than Turkey	9.91% Ranked 168th.
Age distribution > Total dependency ratio	77.24% Ranked 90th.	85.25% Ranked 34th. 10% more than Romania
Birth rate	9.4 births/1,000 population Ranked 202nd.	17.22 births/1,000 population Ranked 110th. 83% more than Romania
Death rate	11.86 deaths/1,000 population Ranked 30th. 94% more than Turkey	6.11 deaths/1,000 population Ranked 160th.
Ethnic groups	Romanian 89.5%, Hungarian 6.6%, Roma 2.5%, Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.3%, Russian 0.2%, Turkish 0.2%, other 0.4%	Turkish 70-75%, Kurdish 18%, other minorities 7-12%
Gender > Female population	6.32 million Ranked 92nd.	43.73 million Ranked 27th. 7 times more than Romania
Marriage, divorce and children > Total divorces per thousand people	1.47 Ranked 25th.	1.67 Ranked 21st. 13% more than Romania
Mother's mean age at first birth	26 Ranked 17th. 14% more than Turkey	22.9 Ranked 1st.
Population	21.79 million Ranked 56th.	80.69 million Ranked 17th. 4 times more than Romania
Population > Population growth, past and future	-0.437 Ranked 201st. 30% more than Turkey	-0.335 Ranked 166th.
Population growth	-0.437% Ranked 201st. 30% more than Turkey	-0.335% Ranked 166th.
Population growth rate	-0.27% Ranked 214th.	1.16% Ranked 100th.
Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Total	1.32 million Ranked 94th.	8.56 million Ranked 32nd. 6 times more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Percent	34.79% Ranked 77th.	37.77% Ranked 32nd. 9% more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 15-64 > Total	7.11 million Ranked 94th.	46.67 million Ranked 30th. 7 times more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Total	613,075 Ranked 94th.	4.01 million Ranked 35th. 7 times more than Romania
Obesity > Adult obesity rate	19.1% Ranked 99th.	27.8% Ranked 34th. 46% more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 15-59	50.41% Ranked 109th. 5% more than Turkey	48.05% Ranked 163th.
Population in 2015	20,871 thousand Ranked 57th.	82,640 thousand Ranked 16th. 4 times more than Romania
Death rate, crude > Per 1,000 people	11.8 Ranked 31st. 2 times more than Turkey	5.73 Ranked 157th.
Total fertility rate	1.31 children born/woman Ranked 210th.	2.1 children born/woman Ranked 110th. 60% more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Percent	28.78% Ranked 82nd.	31.84% Ranked 33th. 11% more than Romania
Age dependency ratio > Dependents to working-age population	0.43 Ranked 164th.	0.53 Ranked 108th. 23% more than Romania
Age structure > 0-14 years	14.7% Ranked 206th.	25.9% Ranked 113th. 76% more than Romania
Gender > Male population	6.28 million Ranked 92nd.	42.74 million Ranked 27th. 7 times more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Total	4.39 million Ranked 87th.	32.66 million Ranked 19th. 7 times more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 15-64	56.42% Ranked 107th. 5% more than Turkey	53.98% Ranked 163th.
Age structure > 65 years and over	15.1% Ranked 43th. 2 times more than Turkey	6.6% Ranked 114th.
Nationality > Noun	Romanian(s)	Turk(s)
Age distribution > Elderly dependency ratio	51.02% Ranked 84th.	58.99% Ranked 35th. 16% more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Percent	4.86% Ranked 134th. 5% more than Turkey	4.64% Ranked 164th.
Physicians density	2.39 physicians/1,000 population Ranked 19th. 40% more than Turkey	1.71 physicians/1,000 population Ranked 19th.
Marriage, divorce and children > Total divorces	31,324 Ranked 7th.	123,325 Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Total	3.63 million Ranked 86th.	27.53 million Ranked 18th. 8 times more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 15-59 > Total	6.35 million Ranked 94th.	41.55 million Ranked 30th. 7 times more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Total	1.5 million Ranked 78th.	12.26 million Ranked 13th. 8 times more than Romania
Cities > Urban population	66,383 Ranked 126th.	77,045 Ranked 82nd. 16% more than Romania
Nationality > Adjective	Romanian	Turkish
Sex ratio > Total population	0.95 male(s)/female Ranked 173th.	1.02 male(s)/female Ranked 52nd. 7% more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 5-14 > Percent	9.93% Ranked 140th. 4% more than Turkey	9.53% Ranked 167th.
Sex ratio > At birth	1.06 male(s)/female Ranked 43th. 1% more than Turkey	1.05 male(s)/female Ranked 146th.
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriages	107,760 Ranked 10th.	603,751 Ranked 2nd. 6 times more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Percent	11.92% Ranked 82nd.	14.18% Ranked 44th. 19% more than Romania
Child labor > Children ages 5-14 > Percentage	1% Ranked 11th.	3% Ranked 19th. 3 times more than Romania
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriages per thousand people	5.05 Ranked 27th.	8.16 Ranked 7th. 61% more than Romania
Gender > Sex ratio at birth	1.06 Ranked 42nd. 1% more than Turkey	1.05 Ranked 126th.
Age distribution > Population aged 5-14 > Total	1.25 million Ranked 95th.	8.24 million Ranked 35th. 7 times more than Romania
Migration > Net migration rate	-0.13 migrant(s)/1,000 populati Ranked 92nd.	0.0 Ranked 85th.
Child labor > Children ages 5-14	26 Ranked 17th. 14% more than Turkey	22.9 Ranked 1st.
Future population change	-55,626 Ranked 160th.	-292,309 Ranked 187th. 5 times more than Romania
Urban population	11.62 million Ranked 44th.	48.5 million Ranked 14th. 4 times more than Romania
Urbanization in 2015	59.3% Ranked 91st.	71.8% Ranked 58th. 21% more than Romania
Migration > Net migration > Per capita	-12,480.153 per 1 million people Ranked 135th. 13 times more than Turkey	-982.96 per 1 million people Ranked 94th.
Median age > Total	39.4 years Ranked 47th. 35% more than Turkey	29.2 years Ranked 112th.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population	74.45 years Ranked 108th. 2% more than Turkey	73.03 years Ranked 124th.
Urban and rural > Urban population	11.73 million Ranked 23th.	53.32 million Ranked 3rd. 5 times more than Romania
Projected population growth	-14.02% Ranked 124th.	46.68% Ranked 75th.
Marriage > Years being single before marriage > Women	26.6 Ranked 15th. 10% more than Turkey	24.2 Ranked 3rd.
Age structure > 15-64 years	70.3% Ranked 36th. 4% more than Turkey	67.4% Ranked 87th.
Literacy > Total population	97.7% Ranked 72nd. 4% more than Turkey	94.1% Ranked 109th.
Dependency ratios > Youth dependency ratio	21.6% Ranked 182nd.	38.3% Ranked 105th. 77% more than Romania
Age distribution > Child dependency ratio	26.22% Ranked 162nd.	26.26% Ranked 160th. About the same as Romania
Gender > Women aged 15-49	2.34 million Ranked 94th.	15.44 million Ranked 30th. 7 times more than Romania
Percentage living in urban areas	55% Ranked 108th.	66% Ranked 76th. 20% more than Romania
Greek diaspora > Number of Greeks in all countries > Number of ethnic Greeks	6,513 (2002 census) (ClubAfaceri: ) â€“ 14,000 (est.) <ref name="Globe" />	5,000 (2006 est.) ( , Athens News Agency, 2 July 2006. Additionally, there are 600,000 Greek-speaking people in Turkey according to the Columbia Encyclopedia , although this figure will certainly include Turkish-identifying Greek Muslims.)
Migration > Net migration	-270,000 Ranked 154th. 4 times more than Turkey	-70,837 Ranked 123th.
Population > CIA Factbook	22.25 million Ranked 51st.	71.89 million Ranked 18th. 3 times more than Romania
Teenage pregancy rate	30.68 Ranked 106th.	37.98 Ranked 93th. 24% more than Romania
Gender empowerment	0.45 Ranked 52nd. 44% more than Turkey	0.312 Ranked 62nd.
Population density	93.58 Ranked 87th.	96.04 Ranked 86th. 3% more than Romania
Sex ratio > Under 15 years	1.06 male(s)/female Ranked 40th. 1% more than Turkey	1.05 male(s)/female Ranked 97th.
Percentage living in rural areas.	45% Ranked 90th. 32% more than Turkey	34% Ranked 126th.
Infant mortality rate > Total	10.44 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 142nd.	22.23 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 84th. 2 times more than Romania
Age structure > 25-54 years	45.5% Ranked 34th. 7% more than Turkey	42.7% Ranked 76th.
Urban and rural > Rural population	9.63 million Ranked 21st.	21.2 million Ranked 11th. 2 times more than Romania
Gender > Global Gender Gap Index	0.691 Ranked 69th. 14% more than Turkey	0.608 Ranked 120th.
Age structure > 15-24 years	11.8% Ranked 204th.	17% Ranked 129th. 44% more than Romania
Gender > Gender inequality index	0.327 Ranked 93th.	0.366 Ranked 80th. 12% more than Romania
Urban and rural > Urban population per thousand people	548.39 Ranked 43th.	729.84 Ranked 20th. 33% more than Romania
Rural population	10.02 million Ranked 47th.	23.57 million Ranked 22nd. 2 times more than Romania
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of origin	4,358 Ranked 63th.	146,387 Ranked 12th. 34 times more than Romania
Migration > Foreign worker salaries	310 million Ranked 52nd. 2 times more than Turkey	141 million Ranked 62nd.
Fertility > Fertility rate, total > Births per woman	1.25 Ranked 192nd.	2.08 Ranked 117th. 66% more than Romania
Age structure > 55-64 years	13% Ranked 29th. 65% more than Turkey	7.9% Ranked 108th.
Marriage > Minimum legal age > Without parental consent > For Women	18 Ranked 48th. The same as Turkey	18 Ranked 113th.
Gender > Female population per thousand people	522.72 Ranked 12th. 3% more than Turkey	508.77 Ranked 54th.
Future population > Males	9.12 million Ranked 66th.	46.21 million Ranked 17th. 5 times more than Romania
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Total	14 years Ranked 60th. The same as Turkey	14 years Ranked 80th.
Fertility > Birth rate, crude > Per 1,000 people	9.2 Ranked 191st.	17.44 Ranked 112th. 90% more than Romania
Sex ratio > 15-64 years	1 Ranked 103th.	1.02 Ranked 75th. 2% more than Romania
Child labor > Children ages 5-14 per million people	1.21 Ranked 21st. 3 times more than Turkey	0.347 Ranked 3rd.
Dependency ratios > Total dependency ratio	43.3% Ranked 163th.	49.3% Ranked 125th. 14% more than Romania
Population density > People per sq. km of land area	92.91 sq. km Ranked 97th.	94.93 sq. km Ranked 96th. 2% more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 15-64 > Total per thousand people	715.35 Ranked 18th. 8% more than Turkey	662.48 Ranked 82nd.
Drinking water source > Improved > Total	84% of population Ranked 99th.	100% of population Ranked 6th. 19% more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 15-24 > Total per thousand people	140.07 Ranked 158th.	174.83 Ranked 114th. 25% more than Romania
Child labor > Children ages 5-14 > Total number	26,658 Ranked 89th.	321,866 Ranked 50th. 12 times more than Romania
Marriage > Percent married > All > Female > Aged 15-19	8.6% Ranked 6th.	12.9% Ranked 8th. 50% more than Romania
Life expectancy at birth > Female	78.13 years Ranked 92nd. 4% more than Turkey	75.07 years Ranked 130th.
Hospital bed density	6.3 beds/1,000 population Ranked 11th. 3 times more than Turkey	2.5 beds/1,000 population Ranked 41st.
Marriage, divorce and children > Contraception use among married women > Any method	69.8% Ranked 12th.	73% Ranked 7th. 5% more than Romania
Contraceptive prevalence rate	69.8% Ranked 25th.	73% Ranked 1st. 5% more than Romania
Dependency ratios > Potential support ratio	4.6 Ranked 164th.	9.1 Ranked 122nd. 98% more than Romania
Births > Teen motherhood rate	5% Ranked 3rd.	49% Ranked 2nd. 10 times more than Romania
Urban and rural > Rural population per thousand people	450.19 Ranked 26th. 55% more than Turkey	290.25 Ranked 49th.
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriageable age > Females	18 Ranked 11th. The same as Turkey	18 Ranked 8th.
Urbanization	55 Ranked 110th.	66 Ranked 77th. 20% more than Romania
Dependency ratios > Elderly dependency ratio	21.7% Ranked 32nd. 97% more than Turkey	11% Ranked 77th.
Sex ratio > 65 years and over	0.68 male(s)/female Ranked 182nd.	0.84 male(s)/female Ranked 81st. 24% more than Romania
Fertility > Mortality rate, infant > Per 1,000 live births	10.7 Ranked 126th.	12.2 Ranked 119th. 14% more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 60 or over > Total per thousand people	204.14 Ranked 28th. 2 times more than Turkey	100.81 Ranked 77th.
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of asylum	1,069 Ranked 100th.	10,350 Ranked 56th. 10 times more than Romania
Marriage, divorce and children > Women denied family planning	11.9% Ranked 11th. 92% more than Turkey	6.2% Ranked 10th.
Age distribution > Population aged 0-14 > Total per thousand people	153.11 Ranked 165th.	267.02 Ranked 103th. 74% more than Romania
Population in largest city	1.93 million Ranked 63th.	9.71 million Ranked 16th. 5 times more than Romania
Population, total	21.33 million Ranked 56th.	74 million Ranked 19th. 3 times more than Romania
Gender ratio > Whole population	105.3% Ranked 38th. 7% more than Turkey	98.5% Ranked 148th.
Literacy > Female	97.1% Ranked 29th. 8% more than Turkey	90.3% Ranked 50th.
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of asylum > Per capita	0.072 per 1,000 people Ranked 100th.	0.154 per 1,000 people Ranked 95th. 2 times more than Romania
Life expectancy at birth > Male	70.99 years Ranked 116th.	71.09 years Ranked 113th. About the same as Romania
Child labor > Children ages 5-14 > Total number per thousand people	1.22 Ranked 100th.	3.99 Ranked 95th. 3 times more than Romania
Net migration	-44,999 Ranked 130th.	350,000 Ranked 22nd.
Persons per room	1.3 Ranked 17th. The same as Turkey	1.3 Ranked 15th.
Marriage > Percent married > All > Male > Aged 15-19	0.3% Ranked 8th.	2.2% Ranked 10th. 7 times more than Romania
Marriage, divorce and children > Urban divorces per thousand people	1.18 Ranked 17th. 5 times more than Turkey	0.227 Ranked 12th.
Marriage, divorce and children > Rural divorces per million people	496.99 Ranked 13th. 4 times more than Turkey	112.02 Ranked 10th.
Maternal mortality rate	27 deaths/100,000 live births Ranked 126th. 35% more than Turkey	20 deaths/100,000 live births Ranked 140th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Total	None	None
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Male	None	None
Urban and rural > Female rural population	4.82 million Ranked 17th.	10.55 million Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Romania
Population > CIA Factbook per capita	1.03 Ranked 56th. 1% more than Turkey	1.02 Ranked 65th.
Sanitation facility access > Unimproved > Rural	46% of population Ranked 67th. 84% more than Turkey	25% of population Ranked 92nd.
Immigration > Cultural Diversity Index	0.265 Ranked 79th.	0.299 Ranked 71st. 13% more than Romania
Fertility > Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	30.94 Ranked 109th.	32.6 Ranked 106th. 5% more than Romania
Languages	Romanian (official) 91%, Hungarian 6.7%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.1%, other 1.2%	Turkish (official), Kurdish, other minority languages
Age distribution > Population aged 0-4 > Total per thousand people	51.34 Ranked 170th.	88.15 Ranked 106th. 72% more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 15-59 > Total per thousand people	662.5 Ranked 28th. 5% more than Turkey	632.17 Ranked 64th.
Rural population per 1000	463 Ranked 90th. 33% more than Turkey	347.86 Ranked 121st.
Future population > Females	9.74 million Ranked 66th.	46.25 million Ranked 17th. 5 times more than Romania
Fertility > Number of maternal deaths	60 Ranked 105th.	260 Ranked 73th. 4 times more than Romania
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Total	14 years Ranked 60th. The same as Turkey	14 years Ranked 80th.
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 > Total	23.7% Ranked 38th. 29% more than Turkey	18.4% Ranked 63th.
Age distribution > Population aged 80 or over > Total per thousand people	31.8 Ranked 40th. 3 times more than Turkey	11.22 Ranked 89th.
Marriage, divorce and children > Teen marriage rate > Women	2.6 Ranked 14th.	9.8 Ranked 11th. 4 times more than Romania
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 > Female	23.8% Ranked 21st. 15% more than Turkey	20.7% Ranked 32nd.
Gender > Male population per thousand people	497.03 Ranked 98th. 1% more than Turkey	491.23 Ranked 136th.
Housing > Houses with kitchen	5.8 million Ranked 2nd.	18.36 million Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Romania
Literacy > Definition	age 15 and over can read and write	age 15 and over can read and write
Marriage, divorce and children > Childless women, aged 40-44	10% Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Turkey	4% Ranked 11th.
Children under the age of 5 years underweight	3.5% Ranked 4th. The same as Turkey	3.5% Ranked 12th.
Marriage, divorce and children > Years spent single before marriage > Females	24.1 years Ranked 11th. 10% more than Turkey	22 years Ranked 4th.
Education expenditures	4.3% of GDP Ranked 61st. 48% more than Turkey	2.9% of GDP Ranked 16th.
Number of infant deaths	2,000 Ranked 98th.	16,000 Ranked 50th. 8 times more than Romania
Number of under-five deaths	3,000 Ranked 92nd.	18,000 Ranked 53th. 6 times more than Romania
GDP per capita > Current US$	$9,036.04 Ranked 67th.	$10,666.06 Ranked 60th. 18% more than Romania
Cities > Urban population per thousand people	2.47e-06 Ranked 161st. 3 times more than Turkey	9.79e-07 Ranked 194th.
Density and urbanisation > Urban population	11.69 million Ranked 43th.	51.73 million Ranked 15th. 4 times more than Romania
Age distribution > Population aged 65 or over > Total per thousand people	151.3 Ranked 27th. 2 times more than Turkey	70.5 Ranked 77th.
Immigration > Refugees and asylum seekers > Natives per Refugee	18,948 Ranked 41st. 4 times more than Turkey	4,944 Ranked 60th.
Urbanization > Rate of urbanization	None	None
Infant mortality rate > Female	8.98 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 137th.	21.12 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 78th. 2 times more than Romania
Rights of the Child Convention > Signatories	26 Jan 1990	14 Sep 1990
Marriage > Percent married > Urban > Female > Aged 15-19	1.8% Ranked 7th.	12.1% Ranked 5th. 7 times more than Romania
Age structure > 15-64 years > From total	69.7% Ranked 39th. 2% more than Turkey	68.6% Ranked 55th.
Housing > Occupants of houses with all facilities	6.11 million Ranked 3rd.	70.98 million Ranked 1st. 12 times more than Romania
Cities > Urban areas over 1,000,000	1 Ranked 67th.	7 Ranked 13th. 7 times more than Romania
Gender ratio > Babies	94.4% Ranked 151st.	96% Ranked 77th. 2% more than Romania
Urban population per 1000	537 Ranked 100th.	715.94 Ranked 53th. 33% more than Romania
Marriage > Percent married > Rural > Female > Aged 15-19	7.4% Ranked 6th.	14.4% Ranked 7th. 95% more than Romania
Urban and rural > Male rural population	4.8 million Ranked 17th.	10.65 million Ranked 8th. 2 times more than Romania
Urban and rural > Female urban population	6.14 million Ranked 18th.	26.54 million Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Romania
Urban and rural > Male urban population	5.59 million Ranked 20th.	26.78 million Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than Romania
Median age > Both sexes	38.1 Ranked 47th. 36% more than Turkey	28.1 Ranked 110th.
Age structure > 0-14 years > Males	1.78 million Ranked 78th.	8.94 million Ranked 17th. 5 times more than Romania
Age structure > 65 years and over > Males	1.34 million Ranked 29th.	2.31 million Ranked 19th. 72% more than Romania
Housing > Owner occupier households	6.81 million Ranked 1st.	13.1 million Ranked 1st. 92% more than Romania
Urbanization > Urban population	None	None
Major cities > Population	BUCHAREST (capital) 1.933 million	Istanbul 10.378 million; ANKARA (capital) 3.846 million; Izmir 2.679 million; Bursa 1.559 million; Adana 1.339 million
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Total	15 years Ranked 41st. 25% more than Turkey	12 years Ranked 129th.
Population in largest city > Per capita	0.089 per capita Ranked 87th.	0.135 per capita Ranked 64th. 52% more than Romania
Infant mortality rate > Male	11.82 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 136th.	23.29 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 89th. 97% more than Romania
Literacy > Male	98.3% Ranked 69th. About the same as Turkey	97.9% Ranked 77th.
Cities > Urban areas over 2,000,000	0.0 Ranked 93th.	3 Ranked 17th.
Drinking water source > Unimproved > Urban	3% of population Ranked 83th.	0.0 Ranked 151st.
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 > Male	23.7% Ranked 36th. 39% more than Turkey	17.1% Ranked 60th.
Sanitation facility access > Improved > Total	72% of population Ranked 87th.	90% of population Ranked 58th. 25% more than Romania
Housing > Occupants of urban houses with all facilities	6.02 million Ranked 3rd.	51.84 million Ranked 1st. 9 times more than Romania
Number of infant deaths per 1000	0.0938 Ranked 116th.	0.216 Ranked 100th. 2 times more than Romania
Total Population per capita	1.03 Ranked 66th.	1.04 Ranked 57th. 1% more than Romania
Gender ratio > Urban population	108.5% Ranked 16th. 13% more than Turkey	96.2% Ranked 55th.
Marriage > Percent married > Urban > Male > Aged 15-19	0.2% Ranked 9th.	1.7% Ranked 8th. 9 times more than Romania
Age structure > 0-14 years > Males per 1000	82.69 Ranked 169th.	127.02 Ranked 120th. 54% more than Romania
Age structure > 65 years and over > From total	14.7% Ranked 34th. 2 times more than Turkey	7% Ranked 89th.
Charity > World Giving Index > Volunteered time	4% Ranked 137th. The same as Turkey	4% Ranked 141st.
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriageable age > Males	18 Ranked 11th. The same as Turkey	18 Ranked 14th.
Immigration > Nationality compositions of Canada, share of immigrants	1.3% Ranked 19th. 4 times more than Turkey	0.3% Ranked 63th.
Gender ratio > Aged over 80 > Women per 100 men	181.9 Ranked 64th. 34% more than Turkey	135.9 Ranked 143th.
Gender ratio > Aged over 60 > Women per 100 men	136.7 Ranked 37th. 14% more than Turkey	120.2 Ranked 111th.
Religions	Eastern Orthodox (including all sub-denominations) 86.8%, Protestant (various denominations including Reformate and Pentecostal) 7.5%, Roman Catholic 4.7%, other (mostly Muslim) and unspecified 0.9%, none 0.1%	Muslim 99.8% (mostly Sunni), other 0.2% (mostly Christians and Jews)
Drinking water source > Unimproved > Rural	30% of population Ranked 52nd. 30 times more than Turkey	1% of population Ranked 150th.
Urban population > Per capita	0.537 per capita Ranked 103th.	0.673 per capita Ranked 65th. 25% more than Romania
Mortality rate, adult, male > Per 1,000 male adults	212.38 Ranked 74th. 42% more than Turkey	149.94 Ranked 118th.
Immigration > Ethnic Fractionalization Index	0.3 Ranked 104th. About the same as Turkey	0.299 Ranked 106th.
Immigration > Visa overstay rate > Australia	4.77 Ranked 22nd. 3 times more than Turkey	1.55 Ranked 72nd.
Population in urban agglomerations > More than 1 million	1.93 million Ranked 66th.	18.43 million Ranked 12th. 10 times more than Romania
Marriage, divorce and children > Urban divorces	25,152 Ranked 10th. 3 times more than Turkey	9,733 Ranked 7th.
Gender development	0.773 Ranked 53th. 5% more than Turkey	0.734 Ranked 69th.
Marriage, divorce and children > Contraception use among married women > Condom	22.6% Ranked 4th. 58% more than Turkey	14.3% Ranked 3rd.
Marriage, divorce and children > Contraception use among married women > Any method > Percentage	69.8% Ranked 12th.	73% Ranked 7th. 5% more than Romania
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Male	14 years Ranked 57th. The same as Turkey	14 years Ranked 72nd.
Median age > Male	38 years Ranked 44th. 32% more than Turkey	28.8 years Ranked 110th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary > Female	15 years Ranked 18th. 15% more than Turkey	13 years Ranked 27th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Female	15 years Ranked 17th. 15% more than Turkey	13 years Ranked 26th.
Density and urbanisation > Rural population	9.79 million Ranked 47th.	23.09 million Ranked 24th. 2 times more than Romania
Urban and rural population > Rural gender ratio	100.9 Ranked 20th. 1% more than Turkey	99.7 Ranked 30th.
Marriage > Percent married > Rural > Male > Aged 15-19	0.3% Ranked 9th.	3% Ranked 8th. 10 times more than Romania
Urban and rural population > Urban gender ratio	108.5 Ranked 16th. 13% more than Turkey	96.2 Ranked 55th.
Age structure > 65 years and over > Females	1.93 million Ranked 28th.	2.76 million Ranked 22nd. 43% more than Romania
Age structure > 65 years and over > Females per 1000	89.86 Ranked 29th. 2 times more than Turkey	39.16 Ranked 79th.
Age structure > 0-14 years > From total	15.6% Ranked 196th.	24.4% Ranked 134th. 56% more than Romania
Age structure > 15-64 years > Females per 1000	362.15 Ranked 21st. 5% more than Turkey	344.69 Ranked 49th.
Charity > World Giving Index > Donated money, percent	20% Ranked 81st. Twice as much as Turkey	10% Ranked 123th.
Housing > Number of rooms > Houses with 1 room	794,029 Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Turkey	189,000 Ranked 6th.
Female population > Age 15-19	804,309 Ranked 58th.	3.23 million Ranked 17th. 4 times more than Romania
Median age > Female	41 years Ranked 45th. 39% more than Turkey	29.6 years Ranked 109th.
Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita > Cubic meters	1,978.04 Ranked 103th.	3,107.09 Ranked 83th. 57% more than Romania
Cities > Rate of urbanization	-0.1% Ranked 209th.	1.9% Ranked 100th.
Sanitation facility access > Improved > Urban	88% of population Ranked 109th.	97% of population Ranked 68th. 10% more than Romania
Migration > Refugee population by country or territory of origin > Per capita	213.78 per 1 million people Ranked 81st.	2,981.91 per 1 million people Ranked 28th. 14 times more than Romania
Housing > Occupants of rural houses with all facilities per thousand people	4.39 Ranked 4th.	261.95 Ranked 6th. 60 times more than Romania
Gender > Women aged 15-49 per thousand people	256.53 Ranked 86th.	272.35 Ranked 38th. 6% more than Romania
Fertility > Mortality rate, under-5, male > Per 1,000 live births	13.5 Ranked 126th.	15.6 Ranked 119th. 16% more than Romania
Marriage, divorce and children > Marriageable age > Notes	url= http://www.e-juridic.ro/index.php?pag=a&id=130&s=Codul familiei&aid=1047 \|title=Codul familiei - Incheierea casatoriei \|publisher=E-juridic.ro \|date= \|accessdate=2008-10-27}}</ref>	17 with parental consent, 16 in special circumstances with court approval.
Future population > Males per thousand people	479.36 Ranked 134th.	542.01 Ranked 23th. 13% more than Romania
Immigration > Visas > Visa requirements for > British citizens	Visa not required	eVisa
International migrant stock, total per 1000	6.19 Ranked 179th.	19.56 Ranked 142nd. 3 times more than Romania
International migrant stock, total	132,757 Ranked 115th.	1.41 million Ranked 32nd. 11 times more than Romania
Women > Maternal mortality ratio adjusted	49 Ranked 110th.	70 Ranked 101st. 43% more than Romania
Immigration > Destination countries of nationalities and ethnic groups > Jews > Enlarged Jewish population	17,000 Ranked 26th.	21,000 Ranked 24th. 24% more than Romania
Fertility > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in: rate varies by country	2,600 Ranked 47th. 18% more than Turkey	2,200 Ranked 53th.
Immigration > Nationality compositions of > Norway	8,666 Ranked 23th.	17,004 Ranked 13th. 96% more than Romania
Fertility > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given	18 Ranked 135th.	69 Ranked 30th. 4 times more than Romania
Immigration > Ethnic Fractionalization Index per million people	0.0138 Ranked 113th. 3 times more than Turkey	0.00453 Ranked 128th.
Widows > Proportion of age group > All > Men > Aged 30 to 39	0.3% Ranked 3rd. 50% more than Turkey	0.2% Ranked 19th.
Age structure > 0-14 years > Females	1.69 million Ranked 78th.	8.61 million Ranked 18th. 5 times more than Romania
Age structure > 65 years and over > Males per 1000	62.19 Ranked 26th. 90% more than Turkey	32.79 Ranked 74th.
Charity > World Giving Index > Helped a stranger, percent	34% Ranked 114th. 10% more than Turkey	31% Ranked 121st.
Immigration > Nationality compositions of > Canada	82,645 Ranked 20th. 4 times more than Turkey	21,580 Ranked 51st.
Total Population > Female	11.43 million Ranked 48th.	34.86 million Ranked 17th. 3 times more than Romania
Migration > International migrant stock > Total	133,496 Ranked 106th.	1.33 million Ranked 28th. 10 times more than Romania
Women > Maternal mortality ratio > Reported	34 Ranked 103th.	130 Ranked 64th. 4 times more than Romania
Future population > Females per thousand people	507.09 Ranked 76th.	535.15 Ranked 27th. 6% more than Romania
Gender > Gender ratio aged over 80	181.9 Ranked 64th. 34% more than Turkey	135.9 Ranked 143th.
Gender > Gender ratio aged over 65	142.7 Ranked 40th. 16% more than Turkey	123.2 Ranked 119th.
Gender ratio > Aged over 60	136.7% Ranked 37th. 14% more than Turkey	120.2% Ranked 111th.
Female population > Age 25-29	936,148 Ranked 47th.	3.19 million Ranked 16th. 3 times more than Romania
Female population > Age 10-14 per 1000	27.07 Ranked 182nd.	46.07 Ranked 107th. 70% more than Romania
Male population > Age 15-19 per 1000	38.6 Ranked 149th.	49.2 Ranked 105th. 27% more than Romania
Female population > Age 15-19 per 1000	37.18 Ranked 148th.	47.62 Ranked 104th. 28% more than Romania
Female population > Age 30-34 per 1000	41.8 Ranked 31st.	42.8 Ranked 21st. 2% more than Romania
Male population > Age 25-29	970,815 Ranked 47th.	3.26 million Ranked 16th. 3 times more than Romania
Total population > Age 15-19 per 1000	75.77 Ranked 149th.	96.81 Ranked 105th. 28% more than Romania
Total population > Age 10-14 per 1000	55.53 Ranked 183th.	93.77 Ranked 108th. 69% more than Romania
Structure > Population > Total	21.48 million Ranked 48th.	74.82 million Ranked 17th. 3 times more than Romania
Drinking water source > Unimproved > Total	16% of population Ranked 7th.	0.0 Ranked 135th.
Male population > Age 35-39 per 1000	44.88 Ranked 18th. 7% more than Turkey	41.89 Ranked 29th.
School life expectancy > Primary to tertiary education > Female	None	None
Sanitation facility access > Unimproved > Total	28% of population Ranked 74th. 3 times more than Turkey	10% of population Ranked 106th.
Female population > Age 80-84 per 1000	11.91 Ranked 47th. 67% more than Turkey	7.15 Ranked 68th.
Fertility > Mortality rate, neonatal > Per 1,000 live births	7.5 Ranked 120th.	8.5 Ranked 115th. 13% more than Romania
Improved water source, rural > % of rural population with access	75.6% Ranked 130th.	99.1% Ranked 44th. 31% more than Romania
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	72.1% Ranked 118th.	91% Ranked 86th. 26% more than Romania
Improved sanitation facilities, rural > % of rural population with access	54.4% Ranked 119th.	75.5% Ranked 95th. 39% more than Romania
Improved sanitation facilities, urban > % of urban population with access	87.9% Ranked 105th.	97.2% Ranked 63th. 11% more than Romania
Fertility > Low-birthweight babies > % of births	8% Ranked 20th.	11% Ranked 11th. 38% more than Romania
Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age, female > % of children under 5	2.9% Ranked 17th.	3.9% Ranked 16th. 34% more than Romania
Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age > % of children under 5	3.5% Ranked 18th. The same as Turkey	3.5% Ranked 22nd.
Prevalence of overweight > % of children under 5	8.3% Ranked 9th.	9.1% Ranked 6th. 10% more than Romania
Malnutrition prevalence, height for age, female > % of children under 5	11.1% Ranked 14th.	16.6% Ranked 15th. 50% more than Romania
Prevalence of wasting > % of children under 5	3.5% Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Turkey	1.1% Ranked 23th.
Number of neonatal deaths per million	93.78 Ranked 101st.	148.65 Ranked 93th. 59% more than Romania
Fertility > Number of maternal deaths per million	2.8 Ranked 134th.	3.6 Ranked 128th. 29% more than Romania
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male > %	35.4% Ranked 164th.	52.5% Ranked 96th. 48% more than Romania
Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female > %	26.3% Ranked 144th. About the same as Turkey	26.2% Ranked 146th.
Labor force participation rate, female > % of female population ages 15-64	56.6% Ranked 107th. 76% more than Turkey	32.2% Ranked 163th.
Labor force participation rate, total > % of total population ages 15-64	64.5% Ranked 131st. 21% more than Turkey	53.5% Ranked 167th.
Population, total per 1000	1,000 Ranked 60th. The same as Turkey	1,000 Ranked 197th.
Emigration rate of tertiary educated > % of total tertiary educated population	11.27% Ranked 97th. 93% more than Turkey	5.84% Ranked 140th.
Refugee population by country or territory of origin	3,428 Ranked 72nd.	139,779 Ranked 14th. 41 times more than Romania
Mortality rate, adult, female > Per 1,000 female adults	88.79 Ranked 107th. 18% more than Turkey	75.28 Ranked 122nd.
Female population > Age 45-49 per 1000	34.98 Ranked 51st. 21% more than Turkey	28.85 Ranked 87th.
Survival to age 65, female > % of cohort	85.39% Ranked 78th.	87.24% Ranked 58th. 2% more than Romania
Survival to age 65, male > % of cohort	68.71% Ranked 107th.	76.72% Ranked 68th. 12% more than Romania
Age dependency ratio > % of working-age population	42.88% Ranked 164th.	49.84% Ranked 119th. 16% more than Romania
Urban population > % of total	52.85% Ranked 117th.	72.33% Ranked 67th. 37% more than Romania
Female population > Age 10-14 > % of the total	2.63 Ranked 211th.	4.43 Ranked 129th. 68% more than Romania
Female population > Age 35-39 per 1000	44.42 Ranked 12th. 13% more than Turkey	39.28 Ranked 35th.
Rural population > Per capita	463 per 1,000 people Ranked 91st. 42% more than Turkey	327 per 1,000 people Ranked 130th.
Gender > Gender ratio aged over 60	136.7 Ranked 37th. 14% more than Turkey	120.2 Ranked 111th.
Density and urbanisation > Urban population > % of total	53.7% Ranked 107th.	67.3% Ranked 70th. 25% more than Romania
Density and urbanisation > Urban population growth > Annual %	0.19% Ranked 179th.	1.88% Ranked 99th. 10 times more than Romania
Structure > Population ages 65 and above > % of total	14.84% Ranked 26th. 3 times more than Turkey	5.89% Ranked 85th.
Structure > Population > Female > % of total	51.39% Ranked 30th. 3% more than Turkey	49.77% Ranked 134th.
Refugee population by country or territory of asylum per 1000	0.047 Ranked 123th.	0.198 Ranked 96th. 4 times more than Romania
Widows > Proportion of age group > Urban > Women > Aged 40 to 59	9.5% Ranked 3rd. 7% more than Turkey	8.9% Ranked 8th.
Density and urbanisation > Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million > % of total population	9% Ranked 91st.	27.92% Ranked 32nd. 3 times more than Romania
Total population > Age 60-64 > % of the total	4.37 Ranked 49th. 56% more than Turkey	2.81 Ranked 92nd.
Total Population > Female per 1000	528.45 Ranked 49th. 3% more than Turkey	514.66 Ranked 82nd.
Male population > Age 60-64 per 1000	20.67 Ranked 44th. 45% more than Turkey	14.22 Ranked 74th.
Women > Life expectancy females as a % of males	110 Ranked 24th. 3% more than Turkey	107 Ranked 90th.

SOURCES: United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. 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Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008; CIA World Factbook 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; UN (United Nations). 2002. World Urbanization Prospects: The 2001 Revision. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York; United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects 2008.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Population Reference Bureau, 2001 World Population Data Sheet, Washington, DC: PRB, 2001. via ciesin.org; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat, World Urbanization Prospects: The 2003 Revision, Data Tables and Highlights. Estimates and projections of urban and rural populations are made by the Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat and published every two years. These estimates and projections are based on national census or survey data that have been evaluated and, whenever necessary, adjusted for deficiencies and inconsistencies; Wikipedia: Greek diaspora; United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects.; Human Development Reports, United Nations 2002; Food and Agriculture Organisation and World Bank population estimates.; http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GenderGap_Report_2012.pdf. World Economic Forum, 2012. Table 3a, p. 8 ff.; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Statistical Yearbook and data files, complemented by statistics on Palestinian refugees under the mandate of the UNRWA as published on its website. Data from UNHCR are available online at: www.unhcr.org/statistics/populationdatabase.; World Bank staff estimates based on IMF balance of payments data.; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Repot (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Source tables, Population projections.; CIA World Factbook 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Food and Agriculture Organization; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a22, Percent ever married or in union among persons aged 15-19; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: Marriageable age (Africa); Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat, World Urbanization Prospects: The 2001 Revision, Data Tables and Highlights (ESA/P/WP.173, 20 March 2002); Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; CIA World Factbooks 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Secretariat and United Nations Centre for Human Settlements (Habitat), Compendium of Human Settlement Statistics 2001 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.01.XVII.5), Compendium of Human Settlement Statistics 1995 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.95.XVII.11) and United Nations, Compendium of Human Settlements Statistics 1983 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E/F.84.XVII.5); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; All CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 18 December 2008. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Ethnic and Cultural Diversity By Country. James D. Faeron. Journal of Economic Growth, 8, 195-222, 2003, p. 215 ff.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Development Indicators database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990-2010. Estimates Developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Bank national accounts data; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank Staff estimates based on United Nations, World Urbanisation Prospects.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: List of countries by refugee population (By Country of Asylum); The Office of the High Commissioner for Human RIghts; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Demographia World Urban Areas (Built-Up Urban Areas and World Agglomerations): 10th Annual Edition, May 2014 Revision, Table 1, p. 20 ff.); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2177.html, median age; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of urban areas by population (Number of urban areas by country) (Demographia World Urban Areas (World Agglomerations): 9th Annual Edition, March 2013); Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, International Programs Center Spanish Statistical Institute. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: World Giving Index (World Giving Index); Wikipedia: Marriageable age (South America); Wikipedia: Immigration to Canada (Canadian permanent resident population by country of birth) ([1] , Place of birth for the immigrant population by period of immigration, 2006 counts and percentages [1] , Population by immigrant status and period of immigration, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories); United Nations Statistics Division Original html; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/wpp/unpp/panel_population.htm, (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Human Mortality Database. [ www.mortality.org or www.humanmortality.de].; Ethnic and Cultural Diversity By Country. James D. Faeron. Journal of Economic Growth, 8, 195-222, 2003, p. 215 ff.; Wikipedia: Visa policy of Australia (Modified Non-Return Rate) (Modified Non-Return Rate Quarterly Report Ending at 30 June 2013, ); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division; The data on urban population shares used to estimate rural population come from the United Nations, World Urbanisation Prospects. Total population figures are World Bank estimates.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, International Programs Center; Food and Agriculture Organization; Wikipedia: Urbanization by country (Countries) ([1] United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs); United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Source tables, Population projections. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Wikipedia: Visa requirements for British citizens (Visa requirements); United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2008 Revision. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2008 Revision.; UNICEF; https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:Rv2hLhme008J:www.jewishdatabank.org/Reports/World_Jewish_Population_2010.pdf+world+jewish+population+2010&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShFmlEo2XYeBjYVUGgz_STm8ZXvaFqIMHdpfxUC8uWpDuLqb9l7GvJbF2piXHqxgDaGkOY3jfCA_RkpUlKLSByoSQC3cLV-5LcpxgXggqUIYwzK9hdfmwVv4Sz0BdeFMxJ_-2To&sig=AHIEtbT5tVUek4PSi_N_5f0Dwe-11sBzMg, Number 2 - 2010. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Sergio DellaPergola. p. 60.; http://www.ssb.no/en/innvbef; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Ethnic and Cultural Diversity By Country. James D. Faeron. Journal of Economic Growth, 8, 195-222, 2003, p. 215 ff. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-557/T404-eng.cfm?Lang=E&T=404&GH=4&GF=1&SC=1&S=1&O=D; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, International Programs Center Spanish Statistical Institute; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, International Programs Center. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) World bank estimates based on the data from the sources above, household surveys conducted by national agencies, Macro International, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and refugees statistics from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.; WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation (http://www.wssinfo.org/).; UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys by ICF International.; World Health Organization, Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition. Country-level data are unadjusted data from national surveys, and thus may not be comparable across countries.; World Health Organization, Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition. Country-level data are unadjusted data from national surveys, and thus may not be comparable across countries. Adjusted, comparable data are available at http://www.who.int/nutgrowthdb/en. Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.; Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990-2010. Estimates Developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and the World Bank. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database.; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Frxe9dxe9ric Docquier, B. Lindsay Lowell, and Abdeslam Marfouk's , "A Gendered Assessment of Highly Skilled Emigration" (2009).; United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/wpp/unpp/panel_population.htm.; World Bank staff estimates; United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.; United Nations Statistics Division Source tables; United Nations, World Urbanisation Prospects.; World Bank staff estimates from various sources including census reports, the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects, national statistical offices, household surveys conducted by national agencies, and Macro International.; United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm.; United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Statistical Yearbook and data files, complemented by statistics on Palestinian refugees under the mandate of the UNRWA as published on its website. Data from UNHCR are available online at: www.unhcr.org/statistics/populationdatabase. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a24, Percent widowed in age group.

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