| Countries (A to Z) |
Description |
| Algeria |
President Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA (since 28 April 1999) |
| American Samoa |
President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) |
| Angola |
President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government |
| Argentina |
President Cristina FERNANDEZ DE KIRCHNER (since 10 December 2007); Vice President Julio COBOS (since 10 December 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Australia |
Queen of Australia ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Quentin BRYCE (since 5 September 2008) |
| Bahrain |
King HAMAD bin Isa al-Khalifa (since 6 March 1999); Heir Apparent Crown Prince SALMAN bin Hamad (son of the monarch, born 21 October 1969) |
| Benin |
President Thomas YAYI Boni (since 6 April 2006); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Bolivia |
President Juan Evo MORALES Ayma (since 22 January 2006); Vice President Alvaro GARCIA Linera (since 22 January 2006); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government |
| Botswana |
President Seretse Khama Ian KHAMA (since 1 April 2008); Vice President Mompati MERAFHE (since 1 April 2008); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Brazil |
President Luiz Inacio "LULA" DA SILVA (since 1 January 2003); Vice President Jose ALENCAR (since 1 January 2003); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Burkina Faso |
President Blaise COMPAORE (since 15 October 1987) |
| Burundi |
President Pierre NKURUNZIZA (since 26 August 2005); First Vice President Yves SAVINGUVU - Tutsi (since 9 November 2007); Second Vice President Gabriel NTISEZERANA - Hutu (since 9 February 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Cameroon |
President Paul BIYA (since 6 November 1982) |
| Central African Republic |
President Francois BOZIZE (since 15 March 2003 coup) |
| Chad |
President Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY Itno (since 4 December 1990) |
| Chile |
President Michelle BACHELET Jeria (since 11 March 2006); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Colombia |
President Alvaro URIBE Velez (since 7 August 2002); Vice President Francisco SANTOS (since 7 August 2002); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Comoros |
President Ahmed Abdallah SAMBI (since 26 May 2006) |
| Congo, Democratic Republic of the |
President Joseph KABILA (since 17 January 2001); note - following the assassination of his father, Joseph KABILA succeeded to the presidency which he retained through the 2003-06 transition; he was subsequently elected president in October 2006 |
| Congo, Republic of the |
President Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO (since 25 October 1997, following the civil war in which he toppled elected president Pascal LISSOUBA) |
| Cook Islands |
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Frederick GOODWIN (since 9 February 2001); New Zealand High Commissioner Brian DONNELLY (since 21 February 2008), representative of New Zealand |
| Cyprus |
President Dimitris CHRISTOFIAS (since 28 February 2008); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; post of vice president is currently vacant; under the 1960 constitution, the post is reserved for a Turkish Cypriot |
| Côte d'Ivoire |
President Laurent GBAGBO (since 26 October 2000) |
| Djibouti |
President Ismail Omar GUELLEH (since 8 May 1999) |
| Ecuador |
President Rafael CORREA Delgado (since 15 January 2007); Vice President Lenin MORENO Garces (since 15 January 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Egypt |
President Mohamed Hosni MUBARAK (since 14 October 1981) |
| Equatorial Guinea |
President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO (since 3 August 1979 when he seized power in a military coup) |
| Eritrea |
President ISAIAS Afworki (since 8 June 1993); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government and is head of the State Council and National Assembly |
| Ethiopia |
President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001) |
| Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) |
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) |
| Fiji |
President Ratu Josefa ILOILOVATU Uluivuda (since 18 July 2000); note - ILOILOVATU was reaffirmed as president by the Great Council of Chiefs in a statement issued on 22 December, and reappointed by the coup leader Commodore Voreqe BAINIMARAMA in January 2007 |
| French Polynesia |
President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007), represented by High Commissioner of the Republic Adolphe COLRAT (since 7 July 2008) |
| Gabon |
President El Hadj Omar BONGO Ondimba (since 2 December 1967) |
| Gambia, The |
President Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH (since 18 October 1996); note - from 1994 to 1996 he was chairman of the Junta; Vice President Isatou NJIE-SAIDY (since 20 March 1997); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Ghana |
President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Guam |
President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) |
| Guinea |
President Lansana CONTE (head of military government since 5 April 1984, elected president 19 December 1993) |
| Guinea-Bissau |
President Joao Bernardo 'Nino' VIEIRA (since 1 October 2005) |
| Guyana |
President Bharrat JAGDEO (since 11 August 1999); note - assumed presidency after resignation of President Janet JAGAN and was reelected in 2001, and again in 2006 |
| Iran |
Supreme Leader Ali Hoseini-KHAMENEI (since 4 June 1989) |
| Iraq |
President Jalal TALABANI (since 6 April 2005); Vice Presidents Adil ABD AL-MAHDI and Tariq al-HASHIMI (since 22 April 2006); note - the president and vice presidents comprise the Presidency Council) |
| Israel |
President Shimon PERES (since 15 July 2007) |
| Jordan |
King ABDALLAH II (since 7 February 1999); Prince HUSSEIN (born 1994), eldest son of King ABDALLAH II, is considered to be first in line to inherit the throne |
| Kenya |
President Mwai KIBAKI (since 30 December 2002); Vice President Stephene Kalonzo MUSYOKA (since 10 January 2008) |
| Kiribati |
President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Kuwait |
Amir SABAH al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah (since 29 January 2006); Crown Prince NAWAF al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah |
| Lebanon |
President Michel SULAYMAN (as of 25 May 2008) |
| Lesotho |
King LETSIE III (since 7 February 1996); note - King LETSIE III formerly occupied the throne from November 1990 to February 1995 while his father was in exile |
| Liberia |
President Ellen JOHNSON SIRLEAF (since 16 January 2006); note - the President is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Libya |
Revolutionary Leader Col. Muammar Abu Minyar al-QADHAFI (since 1 September 1969); note - holds no official title, but is de facto chief of state |
| Madagascar |
President Marc RAVALOMANANA (since 6 May 2002) |
| Malawi |
President Bingu wa MUTHARIKA (since 24 May 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Mali |
President Amadou Toumani TOURE (since 8 June 2002) |
| Marshall Islands |
President Litokwa TOMEING (since 7 January 2008); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Mauritania |
Gen. Mohamed Ould Abdel AZIZ who led a coup that deposed the democratically elected President Sidi Ould Cheikh ABDELLAHI on 6 August 2008 |
| Mayotte |
President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by Prefect Denis ROBIN (since 28 July 2008) |
| Micronesia, Federated States of |
President Emanuel MORI (since 11 May 2007); Vice President Alik L. ALIK (since 11 May 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Morocco |
King MOHAMED VI (since 30 July 1999) |
| Mozambique |
President Armando GUEBUZA (since 2 February 2005) |
| Namibia |
President Hifikepunye POHAMBA (since 21 March 2005) |
| Nauru |
President Marcus STEPHEN (since 19 December 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| New Caledonia |
President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by High Commissioner Albert DUPUY (since 6 October 2010) |
| New Zealand |
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006) |
| Niger |
President Mamadou TANDJA (since 22 December 1999) |
| Nigeria |
President Umaru Musa YAR'ADUA (since 29 May 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Niue |
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since May 2000) |
| Norfolk Island |
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by the Australian governor general |
| Northern Mariana Islands |
President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) |
| Oman |
Sultan and Prime Minister QABOOS bin Said al-Said (sultan since 23 July 1970 and prime minister since 23 July 1972); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Palau |
President Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. (since 19 January 2001); Vice President Camsek CHIN (since 1 January 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Papua New Guinea |
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by governor general Sir Paulius MATANE (since 29 June 2004) |
| Paraguay |
President Fernando Armindo LUGO Mendez (since 15 August 2008); Vice President Federico FRANCO (since 15 August 2008); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Peru |
President Alan GARCIA Perez (since 28 July 2006); First Vice President Luis GIAMPIETRI Rojas; Second Vice President Lourdes MENDOZA del Solar (since 28 July 2006); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Pitcairn Islands |
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by UK High Commissioner to New Zealand and Governor (nonresident) of the Pitcairn Islands George FERGUSSON (since April 2006); Commissioner (nonresident) Leslie JAQUES (since September 2003) serves as liaison between the governor and the Island Council |
| Qatar |
Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al-Thani (since 27 June 1995 when, as heir apparent, he ousted his father, Amir KHALIFA bin Hamad Al-Thani, in a bloodless coup); Heir Apparent TAMIM bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani, fourth son of the monarch (selected Heir Apparent by the monarch on 5 August 2003); note - Amir HAMAD also holds the positions of Minister of Defense and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces |
| Rwanda |
President Paul KAGAME (since 22 April 2000) |
| Saint Helena |
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) |
| Samoa |
TUIATUA Tupua Tamasese Efi (since 20 June 2007) |
| Saudi Arabia |
King and Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (since 1 August 2005); Heir Apparent Crown Prince SULTAN bin Abd al- Aziz Al Saud (half brother of the monarch, born 5 January 1928); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Senegal |
President Abdoulaye WADE (since 1 April 2000) |
| Seychelles |
President James Alix MICHEL (since 14 April 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Sierra Leone |
President Ernest Bai KOROMA (since 17 September 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Solomon Islands |
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Nathaniel WAENA (since 7 July 2004) |
| Somalia |
Transitional Federal President Abdullahi YUSUF Ahmed (since 14 October 2004); note - a transitional governing entity with a five-year mandate, known as the Transitional Federal Institutions (TFIs), was established in October 2004; the TFIs relocated to Somalia in June 2004 |
| South Africa |
President Kgalema MOTLANTHE (since 25 September 2008); Executive Deputy President Baleka MBETE (since 25 September 2008); note - Thabo MBEKI resigned as president effective 25 September 2008; the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Sudan |
President Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR (since 16 October 1993); First Vice President Salva KIIR (since 4 August 2005), Vice President Ali Osman TAHA (since 20 September 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Suriname |
President Desire Delano BOUTERSE (since 12 August 2010); Vice President Robert AMEERALI (since 12 August 2010); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Swaziland |
King MSWATI III (since 25 April 1986) |
| Syria |
President Bashar al-ASAD (since 17 July 2000); Vice President Farouk al-SHARA (since 11 February 2006) oversees foreign policy; Vice President Najah al-ATTAR (since 23 March 2006) oversees cultural policy |
| São Tomé and Príncipe |
President Fradique DE MENEZES (since 3 September 2001) |
| Tanzania |
President Jakaya KIKWETE (since 21 December 2005); Vice President Dr. Ali Mohammed SHEIN (since 5 July 2001); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government |
| Togo |
President Faure GNASSINGBE (since 4 May 2005); note - Gnassingbe EYADEMA died on 5 February 2005 and was succeeded by his son, Faure GNASSINGBE, with the support of the military following international condemnation for the unconstitutional move he then stepped aside pending elections, and Abass BONFOH served as interim president; Faure GNASSINGBE later won popular elections in April 2005 |
| Tokelau |
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); New Zealand is represented by Administrator David PAYTON (since 17 October 2006) |
| Tonga |
King George TUPOU V (since 11 September 2006) |
| Tunisia |
President Zine el Abidine BEN ALI (since 7 November 1987) |
| Turkey |
President Abdullah GUL (since 28 August 2007) |
| Tuvalu |
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Filoimea TELITO (since 15 April 2005) |
| Uganda |
President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power 26 January 1986); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government |
| United Arab Emirates |
President KHALIFA bin Zayid Al-Nuhayyan (since 3 November 2004), ruler of Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi) (since 4 November 2004); Vice President and Prime Minister MUHAMMAD BIN RASHID Al-Maktum (since 5 January 2006) |
| Uruguay |
President Tabare VAZQUEZ Rosas (since 1 March 2005); Vice President Rodolfo NIN NOVOA (since 1 March 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Vanuatu |
President Kalkot Matas KELEKELE (since 16 August 2004) |
| Venezuela |
President Hugo CHAVEZ Frias (since 3 February 1999); Executive Vice President Elias JAUA Milano (since 26 January 2010); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Wallis and Futuna |
President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by High Administrator Philippe PAOLANTONI (since 28 July 2008) |
| Yemen |
President Ali Abdallah SALIH (since 22 May 1990, the former president of North Yemen, assumed office upon the merger of North and South Yemen); Vice President Maj. Gen. Abd al-Rab Mansur al-HADI (since 3 October 1994) |
| Zambia |
President Rupiah BANDA (since 19 August 2008); Vice President George KUNDA (since 14 November 2008); note - President BANDA was acting president since the illness and eventual death of President Levy MWANAWASA on 18 August 2008, he was then elected president on 30 October 2008 to serve out the remainder of MWANAWASA's term; the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
| Zimbabwe |
Executive President Robert Gabriel MUGABE (since 31 December 1987); Vice President Joseph MSIKA (since December 1999) and Vice President Joyce MUJURU (since 6 December 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government |
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